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To achieve the purpose of accurately grasping a random target with the upper limb prosthesis, the acquisition of target localization information is especially important. For this reason, a novel type of random target localization algorithm is proposed. Firstly, an initial localization algorithm (ILA) that uses two 3D attitude sensors and a laser range sensor to detect the target attitude and distance is presented. Secondly, an error correction algorithm where a multipopulation genetic algorithm (MPGA) optimizes backpropagation neural network (BPNN) is utilized to improve the accuracy of ILA. Thirdly, a general regression neural network (GRNN) algorithm is proposed to calculate the joint angles, which are used to control the upper limb prosthetic gripper to move to the target position. Finally, the proposed algorithm is applied to the 5-DOF upper limb prosthesis, and the simulations and experiments are proved to demonstrate the validity of the proposed localization algorithm and inverse kinematics (IK) algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A point cloud that is obtained by an RGB-D camera will inevitably be affected by outliers that do not belong to the surface of the object, which is due to the different viewing angles, light intensities, and reflective characteristics of the object surface and the limitations of the sensors. An effective and fast outlier removal method based on RGB-D information is proposed in this paper. This method aligns the color image to the depth image, and the color mapping image is converted to an HSV image. Then, the optimal segmentation threshold of the V image that is calculated by using the Otsu algorithm is applied to segment the color mapping image into a binary image, which is used to extract the valid point cloud from the original point cloud with outliers. The robustness of the proposed method to the noise types, light intensity and contrast is evaluated by using several experiments; additionally, the method is compared with other filtering methods and applied to independently developed foot scanning equipment. The experimental results show that the proposed method can remove all type of outliers quickly and effectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]