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[Display omitted] • A novel CCMS NCNFs electrode was synthesized via an electrospinning route followed by hydrothermal process. • The multidimensional structure can synergistically shorten ion diffusion path and improve the electronic conductivity. • The formed heterointerface of heterostructured multi-component metal sulfides can accelerate reaction kinetics by synergetic effect. • The obtained CCMS NCNFs electrode shows notable Li+/Na+/K+ storage performance. Transition metal sulfides with the high theoretical capacity and low cost have been considered as advanced anode candidate for alkali metal ion batteries, but suffered from unsatisfactory electrical conductivity and huge volume expansion. Herein, a multidimensional structure Cu-doped Co 1- x S 2 @MoS 2 in-situ-grown on N -doped carbon nanofibers (denoted as Cu-Co 1- x S 2 @MoS 2 NCNFs) have been elaborately constructed for the first time. The bimetallic zeolitic imidazolate framework CuCo-ZIFs were encapsulated in the one-dimensional (1D) NCNFs through an electrospinning route and then on which the two-dimensional (2D) MoS 2 nanosheets were in-situ grown via a hydrothermal process. The architecture of 1D NCNFs can effectively shorten ion diffusion path and enhance electrical conductivity. Besides, the formed heterointerface between MOF-derived binary metal sulfides and MoS 2 can provide extra active centers and accelerate reaction kinetics, which guarantee a superior reversibility. As expected, the resulting Cu-Co 1- x S 2 @MoS 2 NCNFs electrode delivers excellent specific capacity of Na-ion batteries (845.6 mAh/g at 0.1 A/g), Li-ion batteries (1145.7 mAh/g at 0.1 A/g), and K-ion batteries (474.3 mAh/g at 0.1 A/g). Therefore, this innovative design strategy will bring a meaningful prospect for developing high-performance multi-component metal sulfides electrode for alkali metal ion batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]