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The article focuses on cobalt-zeolite catalyst used in the synthesis of higher olefins which act as chemical intermediates in synthesis of plasticizers and surfactants. It mentions that synthetic faujasite zeolites are known as zeolite X and Y can be described by three structures. It further mentions that the incorporation of cobalt ions (Co) in X and Y zeolites causes damage and structural stress in it. In the oligomerization of 1-butene catalytic performance of Co-Y zeolite was evaluated.