1. Biocompatibility of new low-cost (α + β)-type Ti-Mo-Fe alloys for long-term implantation.
- Author
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Abdelrhman Y, Gepreel MA, Kobayashi S, Okano S, and Okamoto T
- Subjects
- Alloys economics, Animals, Cell Death drug effects, Cell Line, Cell Shape drug effects, Cell Size drug effects, Cell Survival drug effects, Corrosion, Cytoskeleton drug effects, Cytoskeleton metabolism, Dielectric Spectroscopy, Elastic Modulus, Electrochemical Techniques, Hardness, Mice, Stress, Mechanical, Tensile Strength, X-Ray Diffraction, Alloys pharmacology, Biocompatible Materials economics, Biocompatible Materials pharmacology, Costs and Cost Analysis, Iron pharmacology, Molybdenum pharmacology, Prosthesis Implantation, Titanium pharmacology
- Abstract
In this work, two new α + β titanium alloys with low contents of ubiquitous and low-cost alloying elements (i.e., Mo and Fe) were designed on the basis of the electronic parameters and molybdenum equivalent approaches. The designed Ti - 2Mo - 0.5Fe at. % (TMF6) and Ti - 3Mo - 0.5Fe at. % (TMF8) alloys were produced using arc melting process for studying their mechanical, electrochemical and cytotoxicity compatibilities and comparing these compatibilities to those of Ti-6Al-4V ELI alloy. The cost of the used raw materials for producing the TMF6 and TMF8 alloys are almost 1/6 of those for producing the Ti-6Al-4V ELI alloy. The hardness of the two alloys are higher than that of the Ti-6Al-4V ELI alloy, while their Young's moduli (in the range of 85-82 GPa) are lower than that of the Ti-6Al-4V ELI alloy (110 GPa). Increasing the Mo equivalent from 6 (in TMF6 alloy) to 8 (in TMF8 alloy) led to an increase in the plastic strain percent from 4% to 17%, respectively, and a decrease in the ultimate tensile strength from 949 MPa to 800 MPa, respectively. The microstructure of TMF6 alloy consists of α'/α″ phases, while TMF8 alloy substantially consists of α″ phase. The corrosion current densities and the film resistances of the new alloys are in the range of 0.70-1.07 nA/cm
2 and on the order of 105 Ω·cm2 , respectively. These values are more compatible with biomedical applications than those measured for the Ti-6Al-4V ELI alloy. Furthermore, the cell viabilities of the TMF6 and TMF8 alloys indicate their improved compatibility compared to that of the Ti-6Al-4V ELI alloy. The CCK-8 (Cell Counting Kit-8) assay was conducted to investigate the cytotoxicity, proliferation, and shape index of the cells of the candidate alloys. Overall, the measured compatibility of the new V-free low-cost alloys, particularly TMF8, makes them promising candidates for replacing the Ti-6Al-4V ELI alloy in biomedical applications., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2019
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