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[Objectives] The paper was to identify Alternaría alternata causing leaf spot disease on Huangdi banana in China. [Methods] Fungal isolates were isolated and identified by morphological features, molecular identification and pathogenicity test. [Results] There were light to dark brown, tiny oval spots on leaves. The causal agent isolated from affected leaves was identified as A. alternata based on the morphological properties, coupled with sequence analyses of the internal transcribed spacer (IIS) region, large subunit ribosomal DNA (LSU rD-NA) and the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF-la) gene. Koch's postulates were fuEilled by successful re-isolation of pathogen from the artificial inoculated leaves. [ Conclusions] To our knowledge, this is the first report of leaf spot caused by A. alternata on Huangdi banana in China. The identification of A. alternata as the causal agent of the observed leaf spot disease on Huangdi banana is critical to the prevention and control of this disease in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]