1. The potential role of amlodipine on experimentally induced bacterial rhinosinusitis.
- Author
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Tatar A, Korkmaz M, Yayla M, Polat E, Uslu H, Halici Z, and Parlak SN
- Subjects
- Amlodipine therapeutic use, Animals, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Anti-Inflammatory Agents therapeutic use, Cefazolin pharmacology, Cefazolin therapeutic use, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Glutathione analysis, Glutathione drug effects, Guinea Pigs, Malondialdehyde analysis, Nasal Mucosa drug effects, Nasal Mucosa pathology, Random Allocation, Reference Values, Reproducibility of Results, Rhinitis microbiology, Rhinitis pathology, Sinusitis microbiology, Sinusitis pathology, Staphylococcus aureus, Superoxide Dismutase analysis, Superoxide Dismutase drug effects, Treatment Outcome, Amlodipine pharmacology, Anti-Inflammatory Agents pharmacology, Rhinitis drug therapy, Sinusitis drug therapy
- Abstract
Introduction: Antibiotics are frequently used for the treatment of rhinosinusitis. Concerns have been raised regarding the adverse effects of antibiotics and growing resistance. The lack of development of new antibiotic compounds has increased the necessity for exploration of non-antibiotic compounds that have antibacterial activity. Amlodipine is a non-antibiotic compound with anti-inflammatory activity., Objective: In this study we aimed to investigate the potential role of amlodipine in the treatment of rhinosinusitis by evaluating its effects on tissue oxidative status, mucosal histology and inflammation., Methods: Fifteen adult albino guinea pigs were inoculated with Staphylococcus aureus and treated with saline, cefazolin sodium, or amlodipine for 7 days. The control group was composed by five healthy guinea pigs. Animals were sacrificed after the treatment. Histopathological changes were identified using Hematoxylin-Eosin staining. Inflammation was assessed by Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte infiltration density. Tissue levels of antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, glutathione) and an oxidative product (malondialdehyde) were determined., Results: In rhinosinusitis induced animals, amlodipine reduced loss of cilia, lamina propria edema and collagen deposition compared to placebo (saline) and although not superior to cefazolin, amlodipine decreased polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltration. The superoxide dismutase activity and glutathione levels were reduced, whereas the malondialdehyde levels were increased significantly in all three-treatment groups compared to the control group. Amlodipine treated group showed significantly increased superoxide dismutase and glutathione levels and decreased malondialdehyde levels compared to all treatment groups., Conclusion: The non-antibiotic compound amlodipine may have a role in acute rhinosinusitis treatment through tissue protective, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms., (Copyright © 2016 Associação Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia Cérvico-Facial. Published by Elsevier Editora Ltda. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2017
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