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Objective: The Opioid and Naloxone Education (ONE) Program focuses on community pharmacy-based patient screening and interventions to improve population health with regard to opioid use. The purpose of this paper is to reevaluate the ONE Program performance using the RE-AIM model, in comparison to the review performed in 2019., Methods: The program performance of the ONE Program was evaluated from January 1, 2021 to December 31, 2022 was evaluated using the five domains of the RE-AIM model. Reach was defined as the proportion of patients receiving opioid prescriptions who completed the screening. Efficacy was defined as the proportion of individuals identified as at risk who received a pharmacist intervention. Adoption was defined as the proportion of community pharmacies who enrolled in the ONE Program. Implementation was defined as the proportion of pharmacies that enrolled that provided at least five patient screenings. Maintenance was defined as the proportion of pharmacies that completed at least one screening three months. These results were compared against evaluation of the program from October 12, 2018 to June 1, 2019., Results: Approximately 7.28 % of patients receiving opioid prescriptions were screened for risk of opioid misuse and accidental overdose (Reach). Of the patients screened, 97.4 % of patients at risk for opioid misuse or accidental overdose received a pharmacist-led intervention (Efficacy). Additionally, 49.6 % of the pharmacist that enrolled in the ONE Program completed at least five screenings (79 %) and of those, 86.4 % maintained the program three months later., Conclusions: In years four and five of implementation, the ONE Program demonstrated improvement in four of the five domains of the RE-AIM model compared to years one and two. However, Reach declined over time. This reevaluation has demonstrated the importance of longitudinal program assessment, and the possibility of improved program performance over time., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Background: Prescription opioids are known to be highly addictive, contributing to the opioid epidemic which continues to besiege victims in the United States. Pharmacists are gatekeepers straddling the prescribers of opioids and their patients; therefore they are in the ideal position to screen for opioid misuse among patients receiving opioid prescriptions and counsel them on safe use., Objectives: The purpose of this study was to design the Opioid Misuse Risk Prevention Toolkit and then evaluate the utility of the toolkit by implementing it in community pharmacy practice sites. A critical element of the toolkit was the use of the Opioid Risk Tool (ORT) to screen all patients receiving opioid prescriptions for opioid use disorder., Methods: Eleven pharmacists were trained in the use of the toolkit, which they implemented within their community pharmacy for all patients receiving opioid prescriptions. A triage tool was used to guide the process of screening patients for opioid use disorder, red flags (patient unknown to the pharmacy, history of early refills, requesting a particular brand, or cash paying), risk of accidental overdose, and misuse of opioids through the prescription drug monitoring program (PDMP). Pharmacist-provided services included naloxone prescribing, counseling on opioid addiction risks, partial fills of opioid prescriptions, education on medication takeback programs, and referral information for community resources for patients concerned about a substance misuse disorder., Results: Twenty-six percent of individuals (n = 107) receiving opioid prescriptions were identified as at some risk of misuse and 30% at risk of an accidental overdose. Participating pharmacists preferred the value of having an objective measurement of potential of opioid misuse, to relying only on professional judgment. They also reported the value of the toolkit elements in enhancing conversations with patients., Conclusions: This case report demonstrated the utility and the feasibility of screening for opioid misuse risk at the community pharmacy level., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)