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Agricultural phosphorus (P) loss constitutes a significant factor in agricultural non-point source pollution (ANSP). Due to the widespread occurrence and complexity of ANSP, emphasis on risk prevention and control is preferable to retroactive treatment, to reduce costs. Effective risk identification is an issue that needs to be addressed urgently. Henan Province, a typical intensive agricultural region in China, was used as a case study to develop a straightforward and precise model for assessing the risk of P loss. Total phosphorus (TP) emission intensity at the county level in Henan Province was estimated based on planting, livestock and poultry breeding, and rural domestic activities. Subsequently, influential factors were selected to determine the extent of P loss in rivers. Finally, the model was validated using water quality data. The results indicate that (1) TP emission and rainfall are the primary contributors to the risk of P loss, whereas vegetation coverage has negligible effects. (2) The primary sources of TP emission, in descending order of magnitude, are livestock and poultry breeding, rural domestic activities, and planting. Livestock and poultry breeding represents the largest proportion at approximately 50%. (3) High-risk areas for P loss are concentrated in the plains of the central, eastern, and northern Henan Province, while low-risk areas are mainly located in the western mountainous and hilly regions. (4) The model exhibits high accuracy with a determination coefficient (R2) of 0.81 when compared to surface water quality monitoring data. This study provides a new framework for assessing the risk of P loss in intensive agricultural settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By constructing an evaluation system for the high-quality development of innovation and entrepreneurship, an evaluation index system was established in this study from five aspects: the background, process, input, output, and transformation of innovation and entrepreneurship, and analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and entropy method (EM) were adopted to perform combination weighting. Then, the core of each subsystem and the comprehensive score were calculated based on the TOPSIS method, the high-quality development level of urban innovation and entrepreneurship in 19 vice-ministerial cities like Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, Chongqing, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, and Chengdu in China was measured, and the innovation and entrepreneurship development level and structural characteristics were analyzed from five aspects. The results show that Shenzhen, Shanghai, Beijing, Nanjing, and Guangzhou take the lead in the high-quality development of innovation and entrepreneurship, while Xi'an, Chengdu, Hangzhou, Wuhan, Qingdao, Jinan, and Ningbo are in the medium level. Chongqing, Shenyang, Dalian, Harbin, Xiamen, and Changchun perform poorly in the development of innovation and entrepreneurship with problems of interregional large gradient difference in capacity and unbalanced development, which provides an important reference for understanding the current situation, advantages, and disadvantages of innovation and entrepreneurship education development in various economic zones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University is the property of Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Tourism development performance evaluation is one of the key issues in tourism development research, and promoting rural tourism development has become an urgent issue facing tourism development in many places. In order to evaluate the development level of rural tourism in Shangsi Village, this paper uses AHP method and entropy value method to construct a rural tourism development performance evaluation index system from a total of 38 index systems in 5 dimensions, takes Shangsi Village in Urumqi County as the research object for comprehensive evaluation, and determines the weight of rural tourism evaluation system in Shangsi Village. The results showed that the economic development of rural tourism in Shangsi Village had the most obvious results. On this basis, countermeasures and suggestions for improving the performance of rural tourism development in Shangsi Village are put forward. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Agricultural phosphorus (P) loss constitutes a significant factor in agricultural non-point source pollution (ANSP). Due to the widespread occurrence and complexity of ANSP, emphasis on risk prevention and control is preferable to retroactive treatment, to reduce costs. Effective risk identification is an issue that needs to be addressed urgently. Henan Province, a typical intensive agricultural region in China, was used as a case study to develop a straightforward and precise model for assessing the risk of P loss. Total phosphorus (TP) emission intensity at the county level in Henan Province was estimated based on planting, livestock and poultry breeding, and rural domestic activities. Subsequently, influential factors were selected to determine the extent of P loss in rivers. Finally, the model was validated using water quality data. The results indicate that (1) TP emission and rainfall are the primary contributors to the risk of P loss, whereas vegetation coverage has negligible effects. (2) The primary sources of TP emission, in descending order of magnitude, are livestock and poultry breeding, rural domestic activities, and planting. Livestock and poultry breeding represents the largest proportion at approximately 50%. (3) High-risk areas for P loss are concentrated in the plains of the central, eastern, and northern Henan Province, while low-risk areas are mainly located in the western mountainous and hilly regions. (4) The model exhibits high accuracy with a determination coefficient (R2) of 0.81 when compared to surface water quality monitoring data. This study provides a new framework for assessing the risk of P loss in intensive agricultural settings.

Track quality status evaluation is of great significance to the safe operation and maintenance of trains. Therefore, this paper constructs a track quality status evaluation model based on the combination weighting method of game theory and grey clustering. The model first puts forward a comprehensive evaluation index system including track geometric state and structural state, then uses game theory to seek the optimal decision-making solution among analytic hierarchy process, entropy method and coefficient of variation method, and obtains the subjective and objective weights and combination weights of each index. On this basis, grey clustering is used to evaluate the track quality state according to the principle of maximum membership, Finally, the evaluation model is verified and studied by an example. The research results show that the excellent proportion of the evaluation results of the eight track units calculated by the model is 75%, which is basically consistent with the evaluation results of the Chengdu Metro inspection. However, the use of a weight method alone is greatly affected by the subjective and objective factors, which deviates from the actual results. Thus, the scientificity and rationality of the index system and method of the model are verified, and the direction of further research and optimization is given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at the grey feature problem of 'small sample and poor information' this paper extends the traditional analytic hierarchy process, entropy method and 'vertical and horizontal' scatter degree method to the field of grey number, and proposes a multi-attribute decision-making method based on grey correlation. Firstly, the applicable form of index weight is enriched, and the determination method of index weight in grey number form is given systematically. Secondly, aiming at the problem that the traditional evaluation method can not be directly applied to the comprehensive evaluation with grey characteristics, a comprehensive evaluation model in the form of grey number is proposed. Finally, through the interval grey number integration method and the 'kernel and grey number' integration method, the evaluation values under each index are formed into a comprehensive evaluation value, and the evaluation results are sorted. Compared with the traditional evaluation method, the proposed method more reflects the rationality and dynamics of the evaluation results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at the problems of the low integration of the current power information system security assessment method with classified protection 2.0, strong subjectivity, and the vague quantification of objective indexes, this article proposes to establish a safety index system suitable for the electric power information system with the existing safety inspection standards for power systems on the basis of the classified protection 2.0 evaluation system. Additionally, it quantifies each index through a quantitative method combining subjective and objective methods and uses the analytic hierarchy process entropy method to obtain the combined weight of the evaluation index system. Finally, this paper summarizes the expert scores and the graded protection evaluation reports of the six systems into the original data for comprehensive weight calculation and analyzes the rationality of the weight change. The comparison and analysis of the closeness of the TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution) and the evaluation score of the equal guarantee have confirmed the scientificity and rationality of the evaluation model. It provides a reasonable logical idea for the implementation of the classified protection 2.0 system in the power information system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology. Social Sciences Edition / Haerbin Gongye Daxue Xuebao. Shehui Kexue Ban is the property of Harbin Institute of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In view of the shortcomings of the single weighting method, the game theory method was adopted to optimize the combination of the subjective weight determined by the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method and the objective weight determined by the entropy weight method. The technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS) evaluation model based on the combination weighting of the AHP-entropy weight method-game theory was constructed for evaluating the water quality of Mopanshan Reservoir. The result obtained by the TOPSIS evaluation model was compared with the evaluation result of the grey relational model. The evaluation results showed that the water quality of Mopanshan Reservoir during the sampling period was Class I and II. The main factors affecting water quality were NH3-N (ammonia nitrogen) and pH value. The game theory-based combination weighting TOPSIS model proposed in this paper fully considers the effective information among various indicators, reduces the subjective arbitrariness of weighting, makes indicator weighting more scientific, and obtains more reasonable water quality evaluation results. It is worthy of application in similar water quality evaluation problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sweetpotato variety breeding is always a long process. Screening of hybrid offspring is dominated by empirical judgment in this process. Data analysis and decision fatigue have been troubling breeders. In recent years, the low-efficiency screening mode has been unable to meet the requirements of sweetpotato germplasm innovation. Therefore, it is necessary to construct a high-efficiency method that can screen germplasms for different usages, for mining elite genotypes, and to create dedicated sweetpotato varieties. In this article, the multicriteria decision-making (MCDM) model was constructed based on six agronomic traits, including fresh root yield, vine length, vine diameter, branch number, root number and the spatial distribution of storage roots, and five quality traits, including dry matter content, marketable root yield, uniformity of roots, starch content and the edible quality score. Among these, the edible quality score was calculated by using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation to integrate the sensory scores of color, odor, sweetness, stickiness and fibrous taste. The MCDM model was compared with the traditional screening method via an evaluation in 25 sweetpotato materials. The interference of subjective factors on the evaluation results was significantly reduced. The MCDM model is more overall, more accurate and faster than the traditional screening method in the selection of elite sweetpotato materials. It could be programmed to serve the breeders in combination with the traditional screening method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper aims to present a new method to solve the multi-attribute group decision-making (MAGDM) problem under the probabilistic hesitant fuzzy environment. For this, we present the novel concept of gained and lost dominance score (GLDS) method based on cumulative prospect theory (CPT). The major advantage of the proposed GLDS method is that it concentrates on the loss aversion of the decision-makers (DMs), while we integrated the CPT to evaluate the risk aversion considering the DM's rational behavior. Meanwhile, the weights among criterions are evaluated by using the process of analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method. The stated MAGDM algorithm has been implemented in a numerical example of sustainable supplier selection (SSS) for medical device manufacturing enterprises. SSS is an active development with the global advocacy of green economy and green supply chain and considered it as the typical MAGDM issue. The results have been compared with several of the existing approaches to validate its supremacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Engineering Management / Gongcheng Guanli Xuebao is the property of Journal of Engineering Management Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

ObjectiveThe impact of the aging population in China varies between regions. It is because regions with different resource endowments, such as those related to economy, population, and medical care, have different degrees of disability risk in the face of the increases in the disabled and semi-disabled older population caused by the overall aging of the population. This study aimed to construct an evaluation system to monitor and measure the degree of social disability risk in different regions in China and to evaluate and compare the degree of social disability risk in different regions using empirical data.MethodThis study used the Delphi method to construct a social disability risk measurement index system with macro, meso, and micro dimensions. At the same time, based on the data of CHARLS2018, an AHP-entropy method was used to calculate the index's total weight, and the standard deviation classification method was used to classify the total and criterion-level measurement scores of 28 provinces.ResultsThe regional degree of social disability risk was analyzed in subdimensions. Our research indicates that China's social disability risk situation is not promising, with a general medium to high-risk level. The score of degree of social disability risk among provinces is consistent with the regional economic development level to a large extent. The risk of social disability varies significantly among the eastern and central, and western regions of China and the provinces within the three regions.DiscussionCurrently, the situation facing the degree of social disability risk in China is that the overall risk level of the country is higher, and the difference between regions is significant. It is necessary to take measures to meet better the needs of the aging population and the disabled and semi-disabled older populations in a large-range, large-scale, multilevel way.

In the bridge technical evaluation work, there is a lack of matching degree between the bridge parts and component weights and the actual situation. Analytic hierarchy process (AHP), expert group analysis and entropy weight method were used to build a comprehensive analysis system of bridge parts and component weights. The “subjective weight” of bridge parts and components was obtained through AHP and expert group analysis. The “objective weight” of bridge parts and components was obtained by using entropy weight method to analyze the bridge structure health monitoring data. The bridge parts and components weight system that considers both subjective and objective factors is obtained through weight fusion. Taking the Qingzhou Channel Bridge of Hong Kong Zhuhai Macao Bridge as the analysis object, the weight system was given by comparing the current bridge technical status evaluation standards. The results show that the weight value obtained by the group analysis method is basically consistent with the standard weight value. The weight value of superstructure obtained by entropy weight method is slightly larger than the standard weight value, and the weight value of substructure and bridge deck system is basically the same. The weight value of the superstructure obtained by the weight fusion method is too large, the weight value of the bridge deck system is too small, and the weight value of the substructure is basically the same. The analysis results obtained by weight fusion comprehensively consider the subjective and objective factors, which are closer to the actual situation of the project and reasonably reflect the weight of bridge parts and components. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bulletin of Soil & Water Conservation is the property of Bulletin of Soil & Water Conservation Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study aimed to effectively evaluate the ecological restoration of the river reach where a small hydropower station was retired or renovated. An ecological health index system was constructed based on the environmental characteristics of the upstream and downstream of the small hydropower station after its retirement and renovation. Based on the combination weighting concept of game theory, the combination weights were obtained by the comprehensive analytic hierarchy process (subjective weight) and entropy method (objective weight). This ecological health assessment with fuzzy comprehensive evaluation was applied to assess the health status of Shimen (dam removal) and Changqiao (renovation in ecological flow) reaches of the Tufang River in Changting County, China. The results showed that the ecological health assessment index system proposed in this study was comprehensive and reasonable, and the revision degree of the hydropower station obviously influenced the process of ecological river restoration. The findings from this study would benefit for the rational utilization of water resources and the river ecological health maintenance in mountainous areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

【Objective】 Irrigation is an environment-friendly way to treat liquid wastes of biogas digesters, but how to reduce its detrimental impact on soils and improve the use of its nutrients is critical to its sustainable application in agricultural production. The purpose of this paper is to study the impact of irrigation with diluted biogas slurry on growth, yield and fruit quality of tomato. 【Method】 The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse. Biogas slurry was diluted by freshwater at volumetric ratio of 1/4; it was then used to irrigate the crop at one of the following growth stages: seedling stage (P1), blooming and fruiting stage (P2), fruit expansion stage (P3) and fruit ripening stage (P4). Irrigation with freshwater was taken as the control (CK). For each treatment, we measured the growth physiology, nutritional quality of the fruits, as well as sugar accumulation. 【Result】 Irrigation with the diluted biogas slurry promoted growth, dry matter accumulation, yield and fruit quality of the tomato. Compared to P0, P2 and P3 increased the leaf area index by 48.32% and 36.89%, respectively, P3 accumulated more than 47.18% of the dry fruit-biomass. In addition, P3 also increased soluble sugar, titratable acid, sugar-to-acid ratio in the fruit, as well as fruit hardness most; and P2 improved vitamin C and soluble solids most significantly, compared to P0. Comprehensive benefit evaluation shows that fruit expansion was the key period for yield formation and fruit quality, keeping soil water and nutrients sufficient in which is hence essential. During the fruit ripening stage, the crop did not respond to irrigation and fertilization as noticeably as it did in other growing stages. 【Conclusion】 The optimal irrigation for greenhouse tomato is to dilute the biogas slurry with freshwater at 1∶4 volumetric ratio, and irrigate the crop at the fruit ripening stage.

Aiming at the problems of the low integration of the current power information system security assessment method with classified protection 2.0, strong subjectivity, and the vague quantification of objective indexes, this article proposes to establish a safety index system suitable for the electric power information system with the existing safety inspection standards for power systems on the basis of the classified protection 2.0 evaluation system. Additionally, it quantifies each index through a quantitative method combining subjective and objective methods and uses the analytic hierarchy process entropy method to obtain the combined weight of the evaluation index system. Finally, this paper summarizes the expert scores and the graded protection evaluation reports of the six systems into the original data for comprehensive weight calculation and analyzes the rationality of the weight change. The comparison and analysis of the closeness of the TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution) and the evaluation score of the equal guarantee have confirmed the scientificity and rationality of the evaluation model. It provides a reasonable logical idea for the implementation of the classified protection 2.0 system in the power information system.

Yao, Y.; Zheng, R., and Parmak, M., 2022. Using an evaluation index system to examine the developmental potential of yachting tourism. Journal of Coastal Research, 38(6), 1195–1206. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. The quantitative measurement and comparison of the development potential of yachting tourism to determine its development type are greatly significant to the reasonable planning and development of the yachting tourism industry. This study constructs an evaluation index system comprising elements, such as yachting tourism destination, source-market, travel, and support systems, to examine the development potential of yachting tourism. Further, the evaluation system comprehensively employs the analytic hierarchy process, as well as the entropy and cluster analysis methods, to empirically evaluate the tourism development potentials of 84 marinas in 29 coastal cities in China. The results demonstrate that the destination system comprising natural and scenic resource endowments and commercial basic conditions accounts for the core elements of regional yachting tourism development. The high potential of the marinas for yachting tourism mainly derives from the superior regional tourist market, traffic conditions, and the yacht industry foundation. Furthermore, regional development strategies comprising four potential types are also discussed to improve the competitiveness and attractiveness of yachting tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With China's strong support for innovation and development, the policies of government guidance funds are an important driving force for leading innovation and economic transformation, and the effect of its related policies is of great significance. This paper selects 518 policies related to government guidance funds in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region from 2005 to 2018 as the research object and constructs a policy efficiency evaluation indicator system from three dimensions of policy intensity, policy objectives and measures. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and entropy method are used to weight the output level of policy innovation performance and economic performance of government guidance funds, and grey relational analysis (GRA) is used to measure the relationship between policies of government guidance funds and innovation performance and economic performance, and corresponding policy recommendations based on the research results. The results of the research show that the policy efficiency of the government guidance funds in Tianjin and Hebei is relatively high, and the policy efficiency of the Beijing government guidance funds needs to be improved. In general, the policy efficiency of the government guidance funds needs to be further improved.

Since the curriculum is the core carrier to improve the level of talent cultivation in colleges and universities, strengthening the reform of course teaching and improving the quality of course teaching are fundamental to the survival and development of colleges and universities, and also an important part of higher education reform. In this study, a fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and an entropy method were used to determine the weight of the core evaluation indicators of undergraduate course quality improvement, including four firstlevel indicators of the curriculum concept, curriculum resources, curriculum organization, and curriculum effectiveness, and 12 s-level evaluation indicators and weights. Then, based on a case study of the first-class undergraduate course "Management" of Anyang Normal University, the way to evaluate the course by the AHP and entropy method was explained. Finally, according to the evaluation results, the ideas of course construction were put forward, such as changing the course concept, enriching the course resources, paying attention to the course organization, and ensuring the course effectiveness, so as to improve the quality of undergraduate courses and also to improve the quality of undergraduate talent training with the improvement of course quality as the starting point. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Underground gas storage (UGS) is usually constructed in a formation with complex geological characteristics, which makes the operation monitoring and safety management of this facility more difficult. This paper aims to develop a method for comprehensive stability evaluation of multiple salt caverns UGS with interlayers. An index system is established as the foundation of the analysis for evaluation, which includes six important factors: cavity shape, operation pressure, interlayer parameters, surrounding salt rock parameters, mechanical properties, and cavity spacing. The improved analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and entropy method are used to calculate the subjective and objective weights of each index respectively. Then the index weights are constructed in the form of combination weights. The fuzzy membership function method is applied to obtain a quantitative evaluation result. Based on the established evaluation model, the stability level of four multiple salt caverns UGSs with interlayer are successfully evaluated. The results show that the stable states of the four UGS facilities are all good. There is only a slight threat of instability in UGS2, which has the defects of too many interlayers, too large interlayer thickness and too small space between adjacent cavities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although Heilongjiang Province is the largest commodity grain producing area and modern agricultural reform pilot area, its agricultural modernization still has a long way to go. According to the actual situation of 34 regions in Heilongjiang Province, this paper evaluates the agricultural development of Heilongjiang Province from four main aspects: input level, output level, social development ability and sustainable ability. An index system of four first-level indicators and ten second-level indicators has been established. Analytic hierarchy process method and entropy weight method were used to calculate the weight of each index layer. Secondly, the least square method was used to fit the three-dimensional nonlinear value, and the extreme value standardization method was used to evaluate each index. Finally, based on the longitude and latitude data of 34 regions in Heilongjiang Province, the Moran index is calculated and the comprehensive evaluation results of the development level index of agricultural modernization in each region were given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Railway Standard Design is the property of Railway Standard Design Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

With the rapid development of renewable energy, new energy generation has become one of the main forces of power generation in China. In view of the adaptability of distribution network after distributed energy is connected to the grid, this study proposed a new definition of the adaptability of distribution network. A distribution network adaptability evaluation index system with six first-level indexes, including reliability, load rate, current, power quality, service life and new energy utilization rate is established. Through the subjective and objective weighting method, the combined weight is obtained. Combined with TOPSIS, the expected output value of the evaluation model is determined. This study proposes a distribution network adaptability evaluation model based on improved TOPSIS-PSO-SVM. A distribution network adaptability evaluation model based on improved TOPSIS-PSO-SVM is proposed, and the distribution network in 5 regions of Ningxia is used for example analysis. The results show that the evaluation relative error interval of the TOPSIS-PSO-SVM evaluation model is [0.94%, 1.03%], and the average absolute value of the relative error is 0.885 4%, which indicates that the evaluation model has smaller evaluation error and higher evaluation precision in the adaptability evaluation of distribution network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: By calculating the information entropy of the indicator and measuring the amount of information in the data, this paper determines the weight of the indicator according to the impact of the relative change of the indicator on the whole. Design/methodology/approach: In order to study the action mechanism of circular economy development and green finance, based on the entropy method, this paper constructs a system analysis model based on event research. Findings: Moreover, this paper uses the analytic hierarchy process to obtain subjective weights based on expert opinions and then uses the entropy method to obtain objective weights and finally combines the two. In addition, an intelligent model is constructed based on the action mechanism of circular economy development and green finance to improve the system structure. Originality/value: Finally, this paper designs experiments to verify the performance of the system model. The research results show that the system model constructed in this paper meets the actual situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Arid Zone Research / Ganhanqu Yanjiu is the property of Arid Zone Research Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arid Zone Research / Ganhanqu Yanjiu is the property of Arid Zone Research Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Spurred by the degraded forest in the 2022 Chongli Winter Olympic Games area, the Chinese government initiated a national program for mountain forest rehabilitation. We developed a method to assess the quality of mountain forests using an index system composed of stand structure, site conditions, and landscape aesthetics at three criteria levels. The method involves index weights determined by the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and entropy method. The results show that landscape aesthetics was the most important measure for the criterion layer. Slope aspect and naturalness were the most and second-most important indices, respectively, for the alternative layer. The quality of the mountain forest in the Chongli area was divided into four grades. The area had 7.8% with high quality, 46.7% with medium quality, 36.6% with low quality, and 8.9% with inferior quality. In total 76.6% of the damaged forest were distributed on sloping and steep sloping ground at 1700 to 2050 m altitude, and Betula platyphylla Sukaczev and Larix gmelinii var. principis-rupprechtii (Mayr) Pilg. were the predominating trees. The damaged forest was divided into over-dense, over-sparse, degraded, inappropriate tree species, and inferior landscape forest. For different types of damaged forest, corresponding modification measures were proposed. The methods developed in this study can be used for rehabilitation projects to improve the quality of degraded forests in mountainous temperate areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Irrigation & Drainage is the property of Journal of Irrigation & Drainage Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Online shopping has gradually become an important way of consumption, and consumers are paying more and more attention to negative reviews. In order to avoid the massive amount of negative review information leading to loss of useful information, this paper proposes a method for evaluating the usefulness of negative online reviews. Firstly, the method constructs an evaluation index system for the usefulness of negative online reviews from three aspects: the form feature, text feature, and reviewer feature of negative reviews, and uses a combination weighting method based on fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) and entropy method to determine the weight of each index. Secondly, the usefulness ranking results of negative online reviews are obtained through the improved TOPSIS method based on the combined weighting method. Finally, the empirical analysis of the proposed model is carried out by crawling the negative online reviews of JD.com Fresh Food platform, and the improved model is compared with the traditional TOPSIS model, which proves the feasibility and effectiveness of the model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Industrial Minerals & Processing / Huagong Kuangwu yu Jiagong is the property of Industrial Minerals & Processing Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

High-intensity and large-scale resource development seriously threatens the fragile ecological environment in the red soil hilly region in southern China. This paper analyzes the eco-geological environmental problems and factors affecting Ganzhou, a mining city in the red soil hilly region, based on field survey and literature. The eco-geological environment quality (EGEQ) assessment system, which covered 11 indicators in physical geography, mining development, geological hazards, as well as water and soil pollution, was established through multi-source data utilization such as remote sensing images, DEM (Digital Elevation Model), field survey and on-site monitoring data. The comprehensive weight of each indicator was calculated through the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and entropy method. The eco-geological environment assessment map was developed by calculating the EGEQ value through the linear weighted method. The assessment results show that the EGEQ was classified into I-V grades from excellent to worse, among which, EGEQ of I-II accounted for 29.88%, EGEQ of III accounted for 32.35% and EGEQ of IV-V accounted for 37.77%; the overall EGEQ of Ganzhou was moderate. The assessment system utilized in this research provides scientific and accurate results, which in turn enable the proposal of some tangible protection suggestions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes a new hybrid evaluation method including Improved Analytic Hierarchy Process (IAHP), Entropy Method (EM), and Grey Comprehensive Evaluation Method (GCEM) to assess the transfer efficiency between rail transit and public bicycles. In particular, the IAHP method that replaces the nine-scale approach with three-scale approach to naturally meet the consistency requirements is applied to qualitatively calculate the weights of evaluation indices, the EM method is utilized to calculate the weights of evaluation indices with relatively high degrees of quantification, and the GCEM method is used to calculate the transfer efficiency between rail transit and public bicycles. In addition, a three-level evaluation-index system including target level, criteria level and index level is established. A numerical example is also provided to verify the feasibility of the proposed hybrid evaluation method and explore the reasons for low transfer efficiency between rail transit and public bicycles.

This study presents a multi‐criteria decision matrix approach to the sustainability analysis of renewable diesel processes. The criteria include environmental, economic, technical, and fuel‐quality aspects. The main objective is to establish a comprehensive approach to the sustainability analysis of alternative manufacturing processes. A combination of an analytical hierarchy process method and an entropy method is used to obtain both subjective and objective weighting factors to achieve a more reliable and comprehensive comparison among alternatives. The technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) method is used to rank the alternatives based on the distance of each alternative to the ideal and non‐ideal solutions. This analysis indicates that the most sustainable processes are the process associated with Fischer–Tropsch diesel, and the catalytic hydrotreatment of vegetable oils to produce green diesel (GD I). The results determined that algae‐based green diesel (GD III) was the least favorable process. This is because GD III has the highest impact on the water scarcity footprint and unit production cost indicators. This multi‐criteria analysis with estimated weight factors can be an effective generic method for sustainability assessment of alternative manufacturing processes. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to improve the construction safety risk management and control capabilities for the underground three-dimensional garage project, and prevent the occurrence of safety accidents from the source. Based on literature review, expert interviews, and analysis on relevant construction safety standards, a construction safety evaluation index system for underground stereo garages is established. The combined weight of each index is determined through the analytic hierarchy process and the entropy method. The matter-element extension theory is employed to construct the safety evaluation model for underground three-dimensional garage construction. The result shows that the method can effectively reflect the underground three-dimensional garage project. The construction safety level verifies the effectiveness and feasibility of the model. Finally, this study puts forward reasonable countermeasures and suggestions based on the evaluation results, and provides new methods and ideas for further improving the construction safety management level of such projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The transport system in the traditional integrated planning theory focuses on road transport, takes vehicle travelers as the main service object, and lacks the research on the integrated planning of public transport system and land use system. Evaluating the joint development effect of P&R (Park and Ride) and TOD (Transit-Oriented Development) is one of the bases of integrated planning of transport system and land use system near metro stations; however, it remains difficult to come up with an evaluation indicator system and calculating methods reflecting the characteristics of transport systems and land use systems. Aiming at the joint development issue of P&R and TOD near metro stations in the urban planning field, 24 indicators are selected and three comprehensive evaluation methods are proposed to judge the joint development level of metro stations from two dimensions: P&R characteristics and TOD characteristics, followed by entropy wright method and expert scoring method being combined to obtain the comprehensive weight values, P&R characteristics being subdivided into P&R facility service level, and metro service level. TOD characteristics consisting of density level, diversity level, and refinement level. Through field investigation, API interface, and APP data acquisition, the characteristic datasets of P&R and TOD near metro stations are obtained in one megacity (Chengdu, China), and then three combined models are tested. Furthermore, four category results of joint development are analyzed and sorted: A-class, B-class, C-class, and D-class near metro stations. Development characteristic and environment features of each category stations are summarized to provide theoretical and practical guidance for the joint development of P&R and TOD near metro stations in other similar megacities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes a green finance index that may help policymakers and investors take more favorable actions based on the development of green finance. After analysis and organization of the development process of green finance and related green finance and index concepts, this paper uses the improved fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to construct a measurement model suitable for measuring the development level of green finance based on the principle of fuzzy mathematics. The index weight adopts the entropy method and improved Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) joint determination. At the same time, using the relevant statistical indicators of China's green credit from 2011 to 2019, and using the constructed model, the level of China's green finance development during this period was evaluated. Finally, the obtained data and classical gray model methods were used to predict China's green development level from 2020 to 2024. The research results show that: This model is a good measure of the level of development of green finance, and China's green finance index has generally shown a rapid growth trend over the past nine years, with the fastest growth rate between 2013 and 2014. From the perspective of the weight of each index affecting the green financial index, the weight of new energy, green transportation projects and new energy vehicles ranked in the top three, and the impact of these three indexes on China's green financial index is significant. In the future, China's green financial development level will continue to improve. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To investigate the relationship between the marine industry and regional development, and assess its impact on the marine economy. The study creates an evaluation index system for the coupling relationship between the marine economy and regional development. It applies coupling theory and combines the hierarchical analysis method with the entropy weight method to determine the weight of each index. By constructing the coupling degree and coupling coordination degree model, this paper quantitatively analyzes the coupling relationship and applies the coefficient of variation to assess the coordinated development differences between different regions. The study utilized data from the official China Marine Statistical Yearbook. The analysis revealed an upward trend in the coupling degree of the marine economy and regional development during the study period, increasing from 0.58 to 0.72. This indicated a significant strengthening of the interaction and synergistic development between the two. In typical coastal areas, the coupling degree increased from 0.62 to 0.78, indicating the significant contribution of the marine industry to the region's comprehensive economic development. The study proposes policy recommendations to enhance the adjustment of the marine industrial structure and technological innovation, promote inter-regional cooperation and resource sharing, and strengthen marine environmental protection and sustainable resource utilization. These measures aim to promote the development of the marine economy while safeguarding marine resources. • The dynamic relationship between Marine industry and regional development is analyzed. • Construct the evaluation index system of Marine economy. • Assess the differences in coordinated development between different regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wind power can be an efficient way to alleviate energy shortage and environmental pollution, and to realize sustainable development in terms of energy generation. The sustainability assessment of a wind project among its alternatives is a complex task that cannot be solely simplified to environmental or economic feasibility. It requires the consideration of its technological and social aspects as well as other circumstances. This paper proposes a new method for selecting the most sustainable wind projects. The method is based on multi-criteria decision-making techniques. The analytic hierarchy process and entropy weight method are combined to determine the weights of evaluation indexes, and an innovative index-weight optimization method based on the Lagrange conditional extremum algorithm. The fuzzy technique for order preference by similarity to the ideal solution is applied to rank wind project alternatives considering functionality and proportionality of the system. Moreover, the sensitive analysis is applied to verify the robustness of the proposed method. The applicability of the method is demonstrated on a case study from China, where three main wind projects are analytically compared and ranked. The results indicated that the sustainable level of calculated wind power can provide a reference point for the planning and operation of the wind project. The results show that the proposed method is of both theoretical significance and practical application in engineering.

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This paper provides a general description of the following typical methods that are used in multicriteria decision-making to determine the values of the coefficients of importance of indicators that characterize a composite system: the analytic hierarchy process, the methods of critical distance, of pairwise comparison, and of rank, the Fishburn, the CRITIS, and the entropy methods. The features of these methods are determined and calculations are carried out that illustrate the differences in the values of the coefficients of importance of the obtained indicators with their use. The recommendations on the practical application of these methods are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Information systems are an integral part of every organization's critical resource and are an important responsibility of all organizations in this digital world to defend them from attacks. Misuse of critical systems of data raises serious difficulties to organizations which involve loss of productivity, profits, company loss, credibility loss and often, legal issues. This paper develops a framework to analyze the optimal selection of vulnerabilities having maximum severity and can be resolved in minimum time. In this study, an integrated framework involving Analytical Hierarchy process (AHP) and Entropy method is used to calculate the subjective and objective weights of software vulnerabilities. Severity of vulnerabilities is then computed by taking into consideration the combined weights calculated from AHP and Entropy method. To select the most critical vulnerability, a bi-objective programming problem is used with the objective of weight maximization and time minimization. The weighted goal programming approach is used to achieve a compromise between conflicting objectives and to achieve a satisfactory solution to the bi-objective problem. The findings are tested in the Delhi-National Capital Region by a software firm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The kitchen environment exhibits significant differences in both the thermal and humidity environments and air quality relative to typical household settings. Consequently, traditional environmental evaluation indicators, which are applicable to residential areas, are less appropriate for assessing kitchen environments. In existing research, crucial features of the above issue are frequently ignored in favor of either subjective or objective assessments. We developed a thorough evaluation process that combines subjective and objective criteria to address this issue. We utilized a kitchen laboratory to conduct comprehensive tests of key aspects of the kitchen environment, including thermal-humidity conditions, air quality, and acoustic environment under various settings. We then employed the entropy method and the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to calculate objective and subjective weights, respectively. We determined the general weight of each component using the combination weighting method, leading to the development of the kitchen environment index (KEI) model. Our findings indicated that temperature, sound pressure level, and fine particulate matter concentration significantly impact the kitchen environment, with a total weight of 54.5%. The effectiveness and feasibility of this index were validated through empirical data. With the utilization of our comprehensive approach, we provide a scientific basis for kitchen design and renovation, allowing for improvements in the comfort and health of the kitchen environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the increasing use of sensitive loads in frequency converters and in relays in distribution networks, voltage sag has become a major power quality issue that urgently needs to be solved. For the purpose of improving the understanding of voltage sag severity in distribution networks, a comprehensive weight-based severity evaluation method of voltage sag is presented in this paper. First, a multi-side index system that takes into account the combined influence of the source, network, and the load is established. A comprehensive weight method, which combines the improved analytic hierarchy process (IAHP) and the entropy method, is then adopted to determine the index weight. The weight of each index and the degree of superiority are linearly weighted to obtain the severity of voltage sag at different observation points. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified using a distribution network model established in DIgSILENT PowerFactory (15.1.7, Gomaringen, Germany).