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Yuelushannus alatus sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: F99 DDE 92-46 AE- 48 EE-BDAA- 1 CF 11 ECE 3537 Figs 1–5, 11 Etymology The species name comes from Latin adjective “ alatus ”, meaning “winged” and refers to the ocular region with wing-like spines in the male. Diagnosis This new species resembles Yuelushannus barbatus sp. nov. as two-thirds of the male abdomen has a very distinct scutum, the cephalic lobe and pits are distinct, both male and female abdomen with four sigillae. Tibial apophyses densely covered with teeth, paracymbium hook-shaped. Epigyne with column-shaped copulatory ducts. It can be distinguished by: General: In male, ocular region with wing-like spines which covers most of PMEs in Y. alatus sp. nov. (Fig. 5 E–G), whereas wing-like spines are absent in Y. barbatus sp. nov. (Fig. 10 A–B). Male: Tibial apophyses short, distal end about as long as broad in Y. alatus sp. nov. (Figs 1 B, 2 B), about four times as long as broad in Y. barbatus sp. nov. (Figs 6 B, 7 B). Protegulum short, retained below the distal suprategular apophysis in Y. alatus sp. nov. (Figs 1 B, 2 B), long, extending above the distal suprategular apophysis in Y. barbatus sp. nov. (Figs 6 B, 7 B). The distal suprategular apophysis long, with bifurcated tip, extending above the apex of the cymbium in Y. alatus sp. nov. (Figs 1 A–B, 2A–B), short, tip not bifurcated, retained below the apex of the cymbium in Y. barbatus sp. nov. (Figs 6 A–B, 7). Distal end of anterior radical process not frayed in Y. alatus sp. nov. (Figs 1 A–B, 2), whereas it is frayed in Y. barbatus sp. nov. (Figs 6 A–B, 7). Female: Spermathecae kidney-shaped in Y. alatus sp. nov. (Figs 3–4), globular in Y. barbatus sp. nov. (Figs 8–9). Holotype CHINA • ♂; Hunan Province, Liuyang City, Mudu Village, Dawei Mountain National Forest Park; 28.43567° N, 114.03376° E; 14 Jan. 2018; alt. 286 m; Zhou Gu-chun, Wang Lu-yu and Liu Ke-ke leg.; HNU-HNDWS–18–04. Paratypes CHINA • 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; HNU-HNDWS–18–04-02~05. Description Male (holotype, HNU-HNDWS–18–04) BODY. Total length 1.85, carapace 0.82 long, 0.71 wide, brown, cephalic lobe with distinct pits, ocular region with thick wing-like spines covering most of PMEs; fovea, cervical and radial grooves distinct; clypeus 0.23 high (Fig. 5A, E–G). Sternum wider than long, yellowish with spine-like hairs; labium wider than long; maxillae long, distal end broader, with scopulae (Fig. 5B). Chelicerae with six promarginal and five retromarginal teeth. Ocular region narrow, AER straight, PER procurved, PMEs present on cephalic lobe. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.05; ALE 0.09; PME 0.06; PLE 0.07; AME–AME 0.02; PME–PME 0.05; AME–ALE 0.03; PME–PLE 0.05; AME–PME 0.10; ALE–ALE 0.32; PLE–PLE 0.33; ALE–PLE contiguous. Length of legs: I, 2.17 (0.65, 0.76, 0.44, 0.32); II, 1.9 (0.59, 0.67, 0.38, 0.26); III, 1.61 (0.51, 0.52, 0.35, 0.23); IV, 2.21 (0.65, 0.79, 0.46, 0.31). Leg formula IV–I–II–III. TmI 0.18 and TmIV 0.12. Tibial spine formula: 1–1–1–1. Abdomen round, 1.15 long, 0.88 wide, two-thirds of abdomen with distinct brown circle with four sigillae, lateral sides dusky grey, ventral side pale (Fig. 5 A–B). PALP (Figs 1–2). Patella as long as tibia; tibia with one retrolateral and one dorsal trichobothrium, posterior margin with seven retrolateral spines in a row, dorsally with two tongue-shaped apophyses, densely covered with teeth; paracymbium hook-shaped, distal arm long, with slightly curved tip; tegulum with short transparent protegulum; distal suprategular apophysis sclerotized, with bifurcated tip, extends above apex of cymbium. Embolic division: tail piece long, slightly overlapping suprategulum; embolic membrane transparent, distal end broad; anterior radical process arc-shaped, sclerotized, as long as embolus, distal end slightly frayed; embolus arc-shaped, sclerotized, thick. Female (allotype, HNDWS–18–04~02) BODY. Total length 2.04. Carapace 0.86 long, 0.71 wide, yellowish, cephalic region slightly elevated (Fig. 5A); fovea, cervical and radial grooves distinct (Fig. 5A); clypeus 0.21 high. Sternum wider than long, yellowish, with spine-like hairs; labium wider than long; maxillae long, distal end broader, with scopulae (Fig. 5B). Chelicerae with five promarginal and four retromarginal teeth. Ocular region narrow, AER recurved, PER procurved, PER slightly wider. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.05; ALE 0.07; PME 0.06; PLE 0.06; AME–AME 0.02; PME–PME 0.05; AME–ALE 0.03; PME–PLE 0.03; AME– PME 0.07; ALE–ALE 0.27; PLE–PLE 0.31; ALE–PLE 0.01. Length of legs: I, 2.2 (0.67, 0.77, 0.45, 0.31); II, 1.89 (0.59, 0.68, 0.36, 0.26); III, 1.72 (0.51, 0.57, 0.39, 0.25); IV, 2.24 (0.73, 0.77, 0.43, 0.31). Leg formula IV–I–II–III. TmI 0.17 and TmIV 0.12. Tibial spine formula: 1–1–1–1. Abdomen 1.18 long, 0.81 wide, all the other morphological characters similar to those of male (Fig. 5 A–B). EPIGYNE (Figs 3–4). Ventral plate concave, covered with thick setae; posterior margin of dorsal plate with round scapus; copulatory openings present between dorsal and ventral plate; copulatory ducts long, column-shaped; spermathecae kidney-shaped, pointing towards scapus, separated by a distance of twothirds of their diameter; fertilization ducts small, extending mesally. Distribution Known only from the type locality (Fig. 11).

Yuelushannus gen. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 18108D03-0826-4EF0-BB3A-E90031CFD461 Figs 1–11 Type species: Yuelushannus barbatus sp. nov. Etymology The genus is named after the type locality (Yuelu) of the type species. Gender masculine. Diagnosis Male abdomen with two pairs of sigellae and distinct scutum at anterior two third. (Figs 6 A–C, 7) as in Ceratinella Emerton, 1882 (Ono et al. 2009: figs 63–66).The new genus can be differentiated from other genera on the basis of the following characters. Male carapace modified, cephalic pits present, the ocular region with thick spines pointing away from each other. Male palp: distal end of tibia dorsally with two tongue-shaped apophyses, densely covered with teeth (Figs 6B, 7B); embolus simple, sclerotized, very long and thick (Figs 6 A–C, 7); anterior radical process as long as embolus, with distal frayed end (Figs 6 A–C, 7). Epigyne: dorsal plate with scapus (Figs 8–9) as in Paikiniana Eskov, 1992 (Zhao & Li 2014: figs 75a–c, 76c–d); copulatory ducts column-shaped; spemathecae present at lateral sides of dorsal plate (Figs 8–9). Description BODY. Small (1.75–1.9); male cephalic lobe and pits distinct, ocular area with thick spines; female palpal claw absent; AER slightly procurved, PER recurved; both male and female abdomen with four sigillae; tracheal system desmitracheate, with two trunks confined to abdomen. Chaetotaxy: 1–1–1–1. TmI 0.16– 0.25, TmIV 0.12–0.18; leg formula IV–I–II–III; legs yellow without obvious patterns. MALE PALP (Figs 1–2, 6–7). Patella as long as tibia; tibia with one retrolateral and one dorsal trichobothrium, dorsally with two tongue-shaped apophyses, densely covered with teeth; paracymbium hookshaped; tegulum with long transparent protegulum; distal suprategular apophysis sclerotized, distal end curved, extending forward. Embolic division: tail piece long, slightly overlapping suprategulum; embolic membrane transparent, tapered towards tip; embolus long arc-shaped, distally connected with thick sclerotized anterior radical process, as long as embolus extending forward. EPIGYNE (Figs 3–4, 8–9). Ventral plate concave, covered with thick spines; posterior margin of dorsal plate with scapus; copulatory openings between dorsal and ventral plate; copulatory ducts long, columnshaped; dorsolateral spermathecae separated by ¾ of their diameter; fertilization ducts small, extending mesally. Natural History Mainly lives under leaf litter layer of broad-leaved and shrubbery forest; breeding season from October through April; adapted to temperatures from 0°C to 39°C. Distribution China (Hunan Provice, Fig. 11).

Yuelushannus barbatus sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 1BE73953-9370-49F4-B90F-2F2F9E5DB15A Figs 6���11 Etymology The species name comes from Latin adjective ��� barbatus ��� meaning ���frayed��� referring to the frayed or brush-like distal end of the anterior radical process in the male palp. Diagnosis This new species resembles Yuelushannus alatus sp. nov., as two-thirds of the male abdomen anteriorly has a very distinct scutum; cephalic lobe and pits distinct; both male and female abdomen with four sigillae. Tibial apophyses densely covered with teeth, paracymbium hook-shaped. Epigyne with columnshaped copulatory ducts (Figs 3���4, 8���9). It can be distinguished by: General: In male, ocular region with thick spines in Y. barbatus sp. nov. (Fig. 5 E���G), wing-like spines which cover most of PMEs in Y. alatus sp. nov. (Fig. 10 A���B). Male: Tibial apophyses long, almost touch proximal part of cymbium in Y. barbatus sp. nov. (Figs 1B, 2B), whereas the short, distal end does not touch the cymbium in Y. alatus sp. nov. (Figs 6B, 7B). Protegulum long, extends above the distal suprategular apophysis in Y. barbatus sp. nov. (Figs 1B, 2B), whereas it is short and below the distal suprategular apophysis in Y. alatus sp. nov. (Figs 6B, 7B). Distal suprategular apophysis short, tip not bifurcated (Figs 1 A���B, 2), long, with bifurcated tip, extending above apex of cymbium in Y. alatus sp. nov. (Figs 6 A���B, 7). Distal end of anterior radical process frayed in Y. barbatus sp. nov. (Figs 1 A���B, 2), not frayed in Y. alatus sp. nov. (Figs 6 A���B, 7). Female: Spermathecae globular in Y. barbatus sp. nov. (Figs 3���4), kidney-shaped in Y. alatus sp. nov. (Figs 8���9). Holotype CHINA ��� ♂; Hunan Province, Changsha City, Yuelu District, Yuelu Mountain; 28.19275�� N, 112.9382�� E; 1 Mar. 2017; alt. 208 m; Zhou Gu-chun leg.; HNU-YLS���17���0301~01. Paratypes CHINA ��� Hunan Province ��� 1 ♂, 10 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; HNU-YLS���17���0301 ��� 8 ♀♀; Changsha City, Yuelu District, Yuelu Mountain; 28.18475��N, 112.93112��E; 8 Dec. 2016; alt. 280 m; Zhou Gu-chun leg.; HNU-YLS���16���1211 ��� 54 ♂♂, 60 ♀♀; Ningxiang City, Huaminglou Town, Jinyuan Village; 28.1002�� N, 112.5277�� E; 24 Oct. 2017; alt. 187 m; Zhou Gu-chun leg.; HNU���HN��� IV���1755 ��� 1 ♀; Ningxiang City, Huaminglou Town, Shili Village; 28.09035�� N, 112.6670�� E; 9 May 2017; alt. 163 m; Zhou Gu-chun, Tian Tian and Huang Zong-guang leg.; HNU���HN���IV���1704 ��� 2 ♂♂; Ningxiang City, Huaminglou Town, Jinyuan Village; 28.10046�� N, 112.66057�� E; 12 May 2017; alt. 209 m; Zhou Guchun, Tian Tian and Huang Zongguang leg.; HNU���HN���IV���1779 ��� 14 ♀♀; Ningxiang County, Huaminglou Town, Yanglin Village; 28.10020�� N, 112.65881�� E; 10 May 2017; alt. 189 m; Zhou Guchun, Tian Tian and Huang Zong-guang leg.; HNU���HN���IV���1707 ��� 1 ♀; Ningxiang City, Huaminglou Town, Shili Viollage; 28.08727�� N, 112.67114�� E; 9 May 2017; alt. 125 m; Zhou Guchun, Tian Tian and Huang Zongguang leg.; HNU���HN���IV���1703 ��� 6 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀; Huaihua City, Huitong County, Tuanhe Town, Diaotang Village, Yingzuijie National Nature Reserve; 26.90186�� N, 109.93529�� E; alt. 390 m; Zhou Guchun, Tian Tian and Li Dengqin leg.; HNU���HN���IV���1767 ��� 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Huaihua City, Huitong County, Tuanhe Town, Xiangyan Village, Yingzuijie National Nature Reserve; 26.83700�� N, 109.88804�� E; 28 Oct. 2017; alt. 684 m; Zhou Guchun leg.; HNU���HN���IV���1764. ��� Hubei Province ��� 2 ♂♂; Badong County, Yanduhe Town, Songziyuan Village; 31.3406�� N, 110.4131�� E; 26 Apr. 2016; alt. 1320 m; Liu Wang, Tian Tian and Ceng Chen leg.; HNU-HB-20160426. Description Male (holotype, HNU-YLS���17���0301~01) BODY. Total length 1.89. Carapace 0.88 long, 0.75 wide, brown, cephalic lobe 0.23 high, with distinct pits, ocular region with thick spines pointing away from each other (Fig. 10 A���B), fovea, cervical and radial grooves distinct (Fig. 10 A���B). Clypeus 0.28 high. Sternum wider than long, yellowish, with spine-like hairs; labium wider than long; maxillae long, distal end broader, with scopulae (Fig. 10C). Chelicerae with five promarginal and six retromarginal teeth. Ocular region narrow, AER straight, PER procurved, PME present on cephalic lobe. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.05; ALE 0.08; PME 0.06; PLE 0.07; AME���AME 0.03; PME���PME 0.06; AME���ALE 0.03; PME���PLE 0.06; AME���PME 0.09; ALE���ALE 0.28; PLE���PLE 0.31; ALE���PLE contiguous. Length of legs: I, 2.4 (0.68, 0.84, 0.53, 0.35); II, 2.12 (0.62, 0.72, 0.46, 0.32); III, 1.81 (0.52, 0.61, 0.41, 0.27); IV, 2.46 (0.71, 0.87, 0.56, 0.32). Leg formula IV���I���II���III. TmI 0.24 and TmIV 0.18. Tibial spine formula: 1���1���1���1. Abdomen 1.12 long, 0.77 wide, round, anterior two-thirds of abdomen with distinct scutum and two pairs of sigillae, lateral sides dusky grey, ventral side pale (Fig. 10 A���C). PALP (Figs 6���7). Patella as long as tibia; tibia with a retrolateral and a dorsal trichobothrium, posterior margin with 5 spines in a row in retrolateral view, dorsally with two tongue-shaped apophyses densely covered with teeth, distal end almost touches cymbium; paracymbium U-shaped, distal arm with slightly curved tip; tegulum possess long transparent protegulum with broad distal end, extending above distal suprategular apophysis; distal suprategular apophysis sclerotized, slightly curved, with blunt distal end. Embolic division: tail piece long, slightly overlapping suprategulum; embolic membrane transparent, distal end broad; anterior radical process sclerotized, black, as long as embolus, distal end frayed or brush-like; embolus sclerotized, black, thick, distally curved, with blunt tip. Female (allotype, HNU-YLS���16���1211) BODY. Total length 2.19. Carapace 0.99 long, 0.80 wide, brown, with cephalic region slightly elevated; fovea, cervical and radial grooves distinct (Fig. 10 D���E). Clypeus 0.29 high. Sternum wider than long, yellowish with spine-like hairs; labium wider than long; maxillae long, distal end broader, with scopulae (Fig. 10F). Chelicerae with five promarginal and six retromarginal teeth. Ocular region narrow, AER recurved, PER procurved, PER slightly wider. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.06; ALE 0.09; PME 0.08; PLE 0.09; AME���AME 0.03; PME���PME 0.07; AME���ALE 0.02; PME���PLE 0.06; AME���PME 0.06; ALE���ALE 0.31; PLE���PLE 0.34; ALE���PLE contiguous. Length of legs: I, 2.49 (0.73, 0.85, 0.55, 0.36); II, 2.12 (0.67, 0.65, 0.48, 0.32); III, 1.88 (0.58, 0.63, 0.39, 0.28); IV, 2.67 (0.81, 0.96, 0.56, 0.34). Leg formula IV���I���II���III. TmI 0.21 and TmIV 0.16. Tibial spine formula: 1���1���1���1. Abdomen 1.28 long, 0.95 wide, round, grey with four sigillae, lateral sides dusky grey, ventral side grey (Fig. 10D, F). EPIGYNE (Figs 8���9). Ventral plate sclerotized, concave, covered with thick spines; posterior margin of dorsal plate with round scapus; copulatory openings present between dorsal and ventral plate; copulatory ducts long, column-shaped; spermathecae globular, separated by a distance of �� of their diameter; fertilization ducts small, extending mesally. Distribution China (Hubei, Hunan, Fig. 11)., Published as part of Irfan, Muhammad, Zhou, Gu-chun, Bashir, Shahida, Mukhtar, Muhammad Khalid & Peng, Xian-jin, 2020, Yuelushannus gen. nov. (Araneae, Linyphiidae) from China, pp. 1-17 in European Journal of Taxonomy 642 on pages 9-16, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.642, http://zenodo.org/record/3817144

Yuelushannus barbatus sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 1BE73953-9370-49F4-B90F-2F2F9E5DB15A Figs 6–11 Etymology The species name comes from Latin adjective “ barbatus ” meaning “frayed” referring to the frayed or brush-like distal end of the anterior radical process in the male palp. Diagnosis This new species resembles Yuelushannus alatus sp. nov., as two-thirds of the male abdomen anteriorly has a very distinct scutum; cephalic lobe and pits distinct; both male and female abdomen with four sigillae. Tibial apophyses densely covered with teeth, paracymbium hook-shaped. Epigyne with columnshaped copulatory ducts (Figs 3–4, 8–9). It can be distinguished by: General: In male, ocular region with thick spines in Y. barbatus sp. nov. (Fig. 5 E–G), wing-like spines which cover most of PMEs in Y. alatus sp. nov. (Fig. 10 A–B). Male: Tibial apophyses long, almost touch proximal part of cymbium in Y. barbatus sp. nov. (Figs 1B, 2B), whereas the short, distal end does not touch the cymbium in Y. alatus sp. nov. (Figs 6B, 7B). Protegulum long, extends above the distal suprategular apophysis in Y. barbatus sp. nov. (Figs 1B, 2B), whereas it is short and below the distal suprategular apophysis in Y. alatus sp. nov. (Figs 6B, 7B). Distal suprategular apophysis short, tip not bifurcated (Figs 1 A–B, 2), long, with bifurcated tip, extending above apex of cymbium in Y. alatus sp. nov. (Figs 6 A–B, 7). Distal end of anterior radical process frayed in Y. barbatus sp. nov. (Figs 1 A–B, 2), not frayed in Y. alatus sp. nov. (Figs 6 A–B, 7). Female: Spermathecae globular in Y. barbatus sp. nov. (Figs 3–4), kidney-shaped in Y. alatus sp. nov. (Figs 8–9). Holotype CHINA • ♂; Hunan Province, Changsha City, Yuelu District, Yuelu Mountain; 28.19275° N, 112.9382° E; 1 Mar. 2017; alt. 208 m; Zhou Gu-chun leg.; HNU-YLS–17–0301~01. Paratypes CHINA – Hunan Province • 1 ♂, 10 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; HNU-YLS–17–0301 • 8 ♀♀; Changsha City, Yuelu District, Yuelu Mountain; 28.18475°N, 112.93112°E; 8 Dec. 2016; alt. 280 m; Zhou Gu-chun leg.; HNU-YLS–16–1211 • 54 ♂♂, 60 ♀♀; Ningxiang City, Huaminglou Town, Jinyuan Village; 28.1002° N, 112.5277° E; 24 Oct. 2017; alt. 187 m; Zhou Gu-chun leg.; HNU–HN– IV–1755 • 1 ♀; Ningxiang City, Huaminglou Town, Shili Village; 28.09035° N, 112.6670° E; 9 May 2017; alt. 163 m; Zhou Gu-chun, Tian Tian and Huang Zong-guang leg.; HNU–HN–IV–1704 • 2 ♂♂; Ningxiang City, Huaminglou Town, Jinyuan Village; 28.10046° N, 112.66057° E; 12 May 2017; alt. 209 m; Zhou Guchun, Tian Tian and Huang Zongguang leg.; HNU–HN–IV–1779 • 14 ♀♀; Ningxiang County, Huaminglou Town, Yanglin Village; 28.10020° N, 112.65881° E; 10 May 2017; alt. 189 m; Zhou Guchun, Tian Tian and Huang Zong-guang leg.; HNU–HN–IV–1707 • 1 ♀; Ningxiang City, Huaminglou Town, Shili Viollage; 28.08727° N, 112.67114° E; 9 May 2017; alt. 125 m; Zhou Guchun, Tian Tian and Huang Zongguang leg.; HNU–HN–IV–1703 • 6 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀; Huaihua City, Huitong County, Tuanhe Town, Diaotang Village, Yingzuijie National Nature Reserve; 26.90186° N, 109.93529° E; alt. 390 m; Zhou Guchun, Tian Tian and Li Dengqin leg.; HNU–HN–IV–1767 • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Huaihua City, Huitong County, Tuanhe Town, Xiangyan Village, Yingzuijie National Nature Reserve; 26.83700° N, 109.88804° E; 28 Oct. 2017; alt. 684 m; Zhou Guchun leg.; HNU–HN–IV–1764. – Hubei Province • 2 ♂♂; Badong County, Yanduhe Town, Songziyuan Village; 31.3406° N, 110.4131° E; 26 Apr. 2016; alt. 1320 m; Liu Wang, Tian Tian and Ceng Chen leg.; HNU-HB-20160426. Description Male (holotype, HNU-YLS–17–0301~01) BODY. Total length 1.89. Carapace 0.88 long, 0.75 wide, brown, cephalic lobe 0.23 high, with distinct pits, ocular region with thick spines pointing away from each other (Fig. 10 A–B), fovea, cervical and radial grooves distinct (Fig. 10 A–B). Clypeus 0.28 high. Sternum wider than long, yellowish, with spine-like hairs; labium wider than long; maxillae long, distal end broader, with scopulae (Fig. 10C). Chelicerae with five promarginal and six retromarginal teeth. Ocular region narrow, AER straight, PER procurved, PME present on cephalic lobe. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.05; ALE 0.08; PME 0.06; PLE 0.07; AME–AME 0.03; PME–PME 0.06; AME–ALE 0.03; PME–PLE 0.06; AME–PME 0.09; ALE–ALE 0.28; PLE–PLE 0.31; ALE–PLE contiguous. Length of legs: I, 2.4 (0.68, 0.84, 0.53, 0.35); II, 2.12 (0.62, 0.72, 0.46, 0.32); III, 1.81 (0.52, 0.61, 0.41, 0.27); IV, 2.46 (0.71, 0.87, 0.56, 0.32). Leg formula IV–I–II–III. TmI 0.24 and TmIV 0.18. Tibial spine formula: 1–1–1–1. Abdomen 1.12 long, 0.77 wide, round, anterior two-thirds of abdomen with distinct scutum and two pairs of sigillae, lateral sides dusky grey, ventral side pale (Fig. 10 A–C). PALP (Figs 6–7). Patella as long as tibia; tibia with a retrolateral and a dorsal trichobothrium, posterior margin with 5 spines in a row in retrolateral view, dorsally with two tongue-shaped apophyses densely covered with teeth, distal end almost touches cymbium; paracymbium U-shaped, distal arm with slightly curved tip; tegulum possess long transparent protegulum with broad distal end, extending above distal suprategular apophysis; distal suprategular apophysis sclerotized, slightly curved, with blunt distal end. Embolic division: tail piece long, slightly overlapping suprategulum; embolic membrane transparent, distal end broad; anterior radical process sclerotized, black, as long as embolus, distal end frayed or brush-like; embolus sclerotized, black, thick, distally curved, with blunt tip. Female (allotype, HNU-YLS–16–1211) BODY. Total length 2.19. Carapace 0.99 long, 0.80 wide, brown, with cephalic region slightly elevated; fovea, cervical and radial grooves distinct (Fig. 10 D–E). Clypeus 0.29 high. Sternum wider than long, yellowish with spine-like hairs; labium wider than long; maxillae long, distal end broader, with scopulae (Fig. 10F). Chelicerae with five promarginal and six retromarginal teeth. Ocular region narrow, AER recurved, PER procurved, PER slightly wider. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.06; ALE 0.09; PME 0.08; PLE 0.09; AME–AME 0.03; PME–PME 0.07; AME–ALE 0.02; PME–PLE 0.06; AME–PME 0.06; ALE–ALE 0.31; PLE–PLE 0.34; ALE–PLE contiguous. Length of legs: I, 2.49 (0.73, 0.85, 0.55, 0.36); II, 2.12 (0.67, 0.65, 0.48, 0.32); III, 1.88 (0.58, 0.63, 0.39, 0.28); IV, 2.67 (0.81, 0.96, 0.56, 0.34). Leg formula IV–I–II–III. TmI 0.21 and TmIV 0.16. Tibial spine formula: 1–1–1–1. Abdomen 1.28 long, 0.95 wide, round, grey with four sigillae, lateral sides dusky grey, ventral side grey (Fig. 10D, F). EPIGYNE (Figs 8–9). Ventral plate sclerotized, concave, covered with thick spines; posterior margin of dorsal plate with round scapus; copulatory openings present between dorsal and ventral plate; copulatory ducts long, column-shaped; spermathecae globular, separated by a distance of ¾ of their diameter; fertilization ducts small, extending mesally. Distribution China (Hubei, Hunan, Fig. 11).

Yuelushannus gen. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 18108D03-0826-4EF0-BB3A-E90031CFD461 Figs 1���11 Type species: Yuelushannus barbatus sp. nov. Etymology The genus is named after the type locality (Yuelu) of the type species. Gender masculine. Diagnosis Male abdomen with two pairs of sigellae and distinct scutum at anterior two third. (Figs 6 A���C, 7) as in Ceratinella Emerton, 1882 (Ono et al. 2009: figs 63���66).The new genus can be differentiated from other genera on the basis of the following characters. Male carapace modified, cephalic pits present, the ocular region with thick spines pointing away from each other. Male palp: distal end of tibia dorsally with two tongue-shaped apophyses, densely covered with teeth (Figs 6B, 7B); embolus simple, sclerotized, very long and thick (Figs 6 A���C, 7); anterior radical process as long as embolus, with distal frayed end (Figs 6 A���C, 7). Epigyne: dorsal plate with scapus (Figs 8���9) as in Paikiniana Eskov, 1992 (Zhao & Li 2014: figs 75a���c, 76c���d); copulatory ducts column-shaped; spemathecae present at lateral sides of dorsal plate (Figs 8���9). Description BODY. Small (1.75���1.9); male cephalic lobe and pits distinct, ocular area with thick spines; female palpal claw absent; AER slightly procurved, PER recurved; both male and female abdomen with four sigillae; tracheal system desmitracheate, with two trunks confined to abdomen. Chaetotaxy: 1���1���1���1. TmI 0.16��� 0.25, TmIV 0.12���0.18; leg formula IV���I���II���III; legs yellow without obvious patterns. MALE PALP (Figs 1���2, 6���7). Patella as long as tibia; tibia with one retrolateral and one dorsal trichobothrium, dorsally with two tongue-shaped apophyses, densely covered with teeth; paracymbium hookshaped; tegulum with long transparent protegulum; distal suprategular apophysis sclerotized, distal end curved, extending forward. Embolic division: tail piece long, slightly overlapping suprategulum; embolic membrane transparent, tapered towards tip; embolus long arc-shaped, distally connected with thick sclerotized anterior radical process, as long as embolus extending forward. EPIGYNE (Figs 3���4, 8���9). Ventral plate concave, covered with thick spines; posterior margin of dorsal plate with scapus; copulatory openings between dorsal and ventral plate; copulatory ducts long, columnshaped; dorsolateral spermathecae separated by �� of their diameter; fertilization ducts small, extending mesally. Natural History Mainly lives under leaf litter layer of broad-leaved and shrubbery forest; breeding season from October through April; adapted to temperatures from 0��C to 39��C. Distribution China (Hunan Provice, Fig. 11)., Published as part of Irfan, Muhammad, Zhou, Gu-chun, Bashir, Shahida, Mukhtar, Muhammad Khalid & Peng, Xian-jin, 2020, Yuelushannus gen. nov. (Araneae, Linyphiidae) from China, pp. 1-17 in European Journal of Taxonomy 642 on page 3, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.642, http://zenodo.org/record/3817144, {"references":["Ono H., Matsuda M. & Saito H. 2009. Linyphiidae, Pimoidae. In: Ono H. (ed.) The Spiders of Japan with Keys to the Families and Genera and Illustrations of the Species: 253 - 344. Tokai University Press, Kanagawa.","Zhao, Q. Y. & Li S. Q. 2014. A survey of linyphiid spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Linyphiidae). ZooKeys 460: 1 - 181. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 460.7799"]}

Yuelushannus alatus sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: F99 DDE 92-46 AE- 48 EE-BDAA- 1 CF 11 ECE 3537 Figs 1���5, 11 Etymology The species name comes from Latin adjective ��� alatus ���, meaning ���winged��� and refers to the ocular region with wing-like spines in the male. Diagnosis This new species resembles Yuelushannus barbatus sp. nov. as two-thirds of the male abdomen has a very distinct scutum, the cephalic lobe and pits are distinct, both male and female abdomen with four sigillae. Tibial apophyses densely covered with teeth, paracymbium hook-shaped. Epigyne with column-shaped copulatory ducts. It can be distinguished by: General: In male, ocular region with wing-like spines which covers most of PMEs in Y. alatus sp. nov. (Fig. 5 E���G), whereas wing-like spines are absent in Y. barbatus sp. nov. (Fig. 10 A���B). Male: Tibial apophyses short, distal end about as long as broad in Y. alatus sp. nov. (Figs 1 B, 2 B), about four times as long as broad in Y. barbatus sp. nov. (Figs 6 B, 7 B). Protegulum short, retained below the distal suprategular apophysis in Y. alatus sp. nov. (Figs 1 B, 2 B), long, extending above the distal suprategular apophysis in Y. barbatus sp. nov. (Figs 6 B, 7 B). The distal suprategular apophysis long, with bifurcated tip, extending above the apex of the cymbium in Y. alatus sp. nov. (Figs 1 A���B, 2A���B), short, tip not bifurcated, retained below the apex of the cymbium in Y. barbatus sp. nov. (Figs 6 A���B, 7). Distal end of anterior radical process not frayed in Y. alatus sp. nov. (Figs 1 A���B, 2), whereas it is frayed in Y. barbatus sp. nov. (Figs 6 A���B, 7). Female: Spermathecae kidney-shaped in Y. alatus sp. nov. (Figs 3���4), globular in Y. barbatus sp. nov. (Figs 8���9). Holotype CHINA ��� ♂; Hunan Province, Liuyang City, Mudu Village, Dawei Mountain National Forest Park; 28.43567�� N, 114.03376�� E; 14 Jan. 2018; alt. 286 m; Zhou Gu-chun, Wang Lu-yu and Liu Ke-ke leg.; HNU-HNDWS���18���04. Paratypes CHINA ��� 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; HNU-HNDWS���18���04-02~05. Description Male (holotype, HNU-HNDWS���18���04) BODY. Total length 1.85, carapace 0.82 long, 0.71 wide, brown, cephalic lobe with distinct pits, ocular region with thick wing-like spines covering most of PMEs; fovea, cervical and radial grooves distinct; clypeus 0.23 high (Fig. 5A, E���G). Sternum wider than long, yellowish with spine-like hairs; labium wider than long; maxillae long, distal end broader, with scopulae (Fig. 5B). Chelicerae with six promarginal and five retromarginal teeth. Ocular region narrow, AER straight, PER procurved, PMEs present on cephalic lobe. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.05; ALE 0.09; PME 0.06; PLE 0.07; AME���AME 0.02; PME���PME 0.05; AME���ALE 0.03; PME���PLE 0.05; AME���PME 0.10; ALE���ALE 0.32; PLE���PLE 0.33; ALE���PLE contiguous. Length of legs: I, 2.17 (0.65, 0.76, 0.44, 0.32); II, 1.9 (0.59, 0.67, 0.38, 0.26); III, 1.61 (0.51, 0.52, 0.35, 0.23); IV, 2.21 (0.65, 0.79, 0.46, 0.31). Leg formula IV���I���II���III. TmI 0.18 and TmIV 0.12. Tibial spine formula: 1���1���1���1. Abdomen round, 1.15 long, 0.88 wide, two-thirds of abdomen with distinct brown circle with four sigillae, lateral sides dusky grey, ventral side pale (Fig. 5 A���B). PALP (Figs 1���2). Patella as long as tibia; tibia with one retrolateral and one dorsal trichobothrium, posterior margin with seven retrolateral spines in a row, dorsally with two tongue-shaped apophyses, densely covered with teeth; paracymbium hook-shaped, distal arm long, with slightly curved tip; tegulum with short transparent protegulum; distal suprategular apophysis sclerotized, with bifurcated tip, extends above apex of cymbium. Embolic division: tail piece long, slightly overlapping suprategulum; embolic membrane transparent, distal end broad; anterior radical process arc-shaped, sclerotized, as long as embolus, distal end slightly frayed; embolus arc-shaped, sclerotized, thick. Female (allotype, HNDWS���18���04~02) BODY. Total length 2.04. Carapace 0.86 long, 0.71 wide, yellowish, cephalic region slightly elevated (Fig. 5A); fovea, cervical and radial grooves distinct (Fig. 5A); clypeus 0.21 high. Sternum wider than long, yellowish, with spine-like hairs; labium wider than long; maxillae long, distal end broader, with scopulae (Fig. 5B). Chelicerae with five promarginal and four retromarginal teeth. Ocular region narrow, AER recurved, PER procurved, PER slightly wider. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.05; ALE 0.07; PME 0.06; PLE 0.06; AME���AME 0.02; PME���PME 0.05; AME���ALE 0.03; PME���PLE 0.03; AME��� PME 0.07; ALE���ALE 0.27; PLE���PLE 0.31; ALE���PLE 0.01. Length of legs: I, 2.2 (0.67, 0.77, 0.45, 0.31); II, 1.89 (0.59, 0.68, 0.36, 0.26); III, 1.72 (0.51, 0.57, 0.39, 0.25); IV, 2.24 (0.73, 0.77, 0.43, 0.31). Leg formula IV���I���II���III. TmI 0.17 and TmIV 0.12. Tibial spine formula: 1���1���1���1. Abdomen 1.18 long, 0.81 wide, all the other morphological characters similar to those of male (Fig. 5 A���B). EPIGYNE (Figs 3���4). Ventral plate concave, covered with thick setae; posterior margin of dorsal plate with round scapus; copulatory openings present between dorsal and ventral plate; copulatory ducts long, column-shaped; spermathecae kidney-shaped, pointing towards scapus, separated by a distance of twothirds of their diameter; fertilization ducts small, extending mesally. Distribution Known only from the type locality (Fig. 11)., Published as part of Irfan, Muhammad, Zhou, Gu-chun, Bashir, Shahida, Mukhtar, Muhammad Khalid & Peng, Xian-jin, 2020, Yuelushannus gen. nov. (Araneae, Linyphiidae) from China, pp. 1-17 in European Journal of Taxonomy 642 on pages 4-9, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.642, http://zenodo.org/record/3817144

Four new species of the genus Cicurina are described: C. daweishanensis spec. nov. (female), C. kekei spec. nov. (male and female), C. lichuanensis spec. nov. (male and female) and C. yuelushanensis spec. nov. (male and female). Photos of body and copulatory organs, line drawings of copulatory organs, as well as the locality map are provided. The type specimens of Cicurina eburnata Wang, 1994 were reexamined for the comparison of allied species. Photos of C. calyciforma Wang & Xu, 1989 are also presented in order to compare it with two new species.

Cicurina daweishanensis spec. nov. Figures 1 A���B, 2A���C, 12 Type material. Holotype female, China, Hunan Prov., Liuyang City, Daweishan National Forest Park, J.L. Wan, Z. Yuan, C. Wang and B. Zhou leg. Paratype: 1 female, with same data as for holotype. Etymology. The specific name comes from the type locality; adjective. Diagnosis. Female of the new species is similar to that of C. tianmuensis Song & Kim, 1991 (Song & Kim, 1991: 21, figs 10���13 ) in having oval epigynal atrium, posteriorly located copulatory openings and kidney-shaped spermathecae, but differs from the latter by the atrial width close to a half width of the whole epigynal internal structures and the length of copulatory ducts less than one circle (Figs 1 A���B, 2B���C). Description. Female. Total length 4.55���4.72. Holotype (Fig. 2A) total length 4.55. Prosoma 2.22 long, 1.52 wide. Opisthosoma 2.05 long, 1.68 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.04, ALE 0.09, PME 0.09, PLE 0.09; AME���AME 0.03, AME���ALE 0.03, PME���PME 0.07, PME���PLE 0.05, ALE���PLE 0.02. MOA 0.20 long, anterior width 0.11, posterior width 0.24. Clypeus height 0.16. Chelicerae with 3 promarginal and 10 retromarginal teeth. Leg measurements: I 5.27 (1.60, 1.82, 1.06, 0.79); II 4.63 (1.41, 1.61, 0.97, 0.64); III 4.29 (1.21, 1.45, 1.01, 0.62); IV 5.60 (1.55, 1.97, 1.39, 0.69). Epigyne (Figs 1 A���B, 2B���C). Atrium oval. Copulatory openings large and located on the shoulders of atrium. Copulatory ducts long. Spermathecae kidney-shaped. Fertilization ducts hook-like. Male. unknown. Distribution. Known only from the type locality, Hunan, China (Fig. 12)., Published as part of Wang, Lu-Yu, Zhou, Gu-Chun & Peng, Xian-Jin, 2019, Four new species of the spider genus Cicurina Menge, 1871 from China (Araneae: Dictynidae), pp. 351-364 in Zootaxa 4615 (2) on page 352, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4615.2.7, http://zenodo.org/record/3244744

Genus Cicurina Menge, 1871 Description notes. The following description is valid for all four species described below: body yellowish-brown. Cervical groove indistinct, radial furrows distinct. Fovea brown and longitudinal. Chelicerae yellowish-brown, Gnathocoxae yellowish-brown, longer than wide. Labium yellowish-brown, longer than wide. Sternum yellowishbrown, scutellate, with sparse brown setae. Legs yellowish-brown. Leg formula: 4123., Published as part of Wang, Lu-Yu, Zhou, Gu-Chun & Peng, Xian-Jin, 2019, Four new species of the spider genus Cicurina Menge, 1871 from China (Araneae: Dictynidae), pp. 351-364 in Zootaxa 4615 (2) on page 352, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4615.2.7, http://zenodo.org/record/3244744, {"references":["Menge, A. (1871) Preussische Spinnen. IV. Abtheilung. Schriften der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Danzig, Neue Folge, 2, 265 - 296."]}

Cicurina daweishanensis spec. nov. Figures 1 A–B, 2A–C, 12 Type material. Holotype female, China, Hunan Prov., Liuyang City, Daweishan National Forest Park, J.L. Wan, Z. Yuan, C. Wang and B. Zhou leg. Paratype: 1 female, with same data as for holotype. Etymology. The specific name comes from the type locality; adjective. Diagnosis. Female of the new species is similar to that of C. tianmuensis Song & Kim, 1991 (Song & Kim, 1991: 21, figs 10–13 ) in having oval epigynal atrium, posteriorly located copulatory openings and kidney-shaped spermathecae, but differs from the latter by the atrial width close to a half width of the whole epigynal internal structures and the length of copulatory ducts less than one circle (Figs 1 A–B, 2B–C). Description. Female. Total length 4.55–4.72. Holotype (Fig. 2A) total length 4.55. Prosoma 2.22 long, 1.52 wide. Opisthosoma 2.05 long, 1.68 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.04, ALE 0.09, PME 0.09, PLE 0.09; AME–AME 0.03, AME–ALE 0.03, PME–PME 0.07, PME–PLE 0.05, ALE–PLE 0.02. MOA 0.20 long, anterior width 0.11, posterior width 0.24. Clypeus height 0.16. Chelicerae with 3 promarginal and 10 retromarginal teeth. Leg measurements: I 5.27 (1.60, 1.82, 1.06, 0.79); II 4.63 (1.41, 1.61, 0.97, 0.64); III 4.29 (1.21, 1.45, 1.01, 0.62); IV 5.60 (1.55, 1.97, 1.39, 0.69). Epigyne (Figs 1 A–B, 2B–C). Atrium oval. Copulatory openings large and located on the shoulders of atrium. Copulatory ducts long. Spermathecae kidney-shaped. Fertilization ducts hook-like. Male. unknown. Distribution. Known only from the type locality, Hunan, China (Fig. 12).

Cicurina kekei spec. nov. Figures 3 A–D, 4A–G, 12 Type material. Holotype male, China, Hunan Prov., Changsha City, Wangcheng District, Heimifeng Forest Park, 28°27′46″ N, 113°00′53″ E, elev. 518 m, 25 November 2017, K.K. Liu and L.Y. Wang leg., Paratypes: 1 male, 1 female, with same data as for holotype. Etymology. The specific name comes from the first name of the collector; noun in genitive case. Diagnosis. The new species is similar to C. calyciforma Wang & Xu, 1989 (Figs 11 C–G, female holotype, male paratype from Mt. Qiyun, Huangshan City, Anhui Prov., China, deposited in HNU, examined) in having strong RTA, long embolus, modified conductor, anteriorly located copulatory openings and the same extending direction of copulatory ducts of epigyne, but differs from the latter by the relatively shaped end of RTA, the different shape of the end of conductor (Figs 3 A–B, 4C–E), the transversely narrow epigynal atrium, the relatively short copulatory ducts and the almost rounded spermathecae (Figs 3 C–D, 4F–G). Description. Male. Total length 3.29–3.87. Holotype (Fig. 4A) total length 3.29. Prosoma 1.77 long, 1.40 wide; Opisthosoma 1.40 long, 1.21 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.03, ALE 0.09, PME 0.08, PLE 0.09; AME–AME 0.03, AME–ALE 0.02, PME–PME 0.07, PME–PLE 0.04, ALE–PLE 0.05. MOA 0.19 long, anterior width 0.07, posterior width 0.23. Clypeus height 0.12. Chelicerae with 3 promarginal and 8 retromarginal teeth. Leg measurements: I 5.24 (1.47, 1.81, 1.15, 0.81); II 4.46 (1.28, 1.46, 0.98, 0.74); III 4.01 (1.12, 1.27, 0.95, 0.67); IV 5.26 (1.44, 1.72, 1.35, 0.75). Male pedipalp (Figs 3 A–B, 4C–E). RTA strong, with a single fold and rounded apex, approaching the mid-part of cymbium. The base of RTA with two small apophyses, extending ventrally and dorsally. Embolus originating at approximately 7-o’clock position. Embolus slender, its anterior part resting in the long groove of conductor. Conductor strong, with an arch-like end. Female (Fig. 4B) total length 3.87. Prosoma 1.72 long, 1.14 wide; opisthosoma 1.89 long, 1.57 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.03, ALE 0.08, PME 0.07, PLE 0.08; AME–AME 0.02, AME–ALE 0.02, PME–PME 0.08, PME–PLE 0.05, ALE–PLE 0.05. MOA 0.19 long, anterior width 0.07, posterior width 0.22. Clypeus height 0.11. Leg measurements: I 4.57 (1.31, 1.60, 0.91, 0.75); II 4.00 (1.15, 1.39, 0.89, 0.57); III 3.67 (1.04, 1.21, 0.89, 0.53); IV 5.01 (1.37, 1.74, 1.19, 0.71). Epigyne (Figs 3 C–D, 4F–G). Atrium small and archway-like. Copulatory openings located on the shoulders of atrium. Copulatory ducts long and spiral. Spermathecae large and ball-shaped. Fertilization ducts small. Distribution. Known only from the type locality, Hunan, China (Fig. 12).

Cicurina kekei spec. nov. Figures 3 A���D, 4A���G, 12 Type material. Holotype male, China, Hunan Prov., Changsha City, Wangcheng District, Heimifeng Forest Park, 28��27���46��� N, 113��00���53��� E, elev. 518 m, 25 November 2017, K.K. Liu and L.Y. Wang leg., Paratypes: 1 male, 1 female, with same data as for holotype. Etymology. The specific name comes from the first name of the collector; noun in genitive case. Diagnosis. The new species is similar to C. calyciforma Wang & Xu, 1989 (Figs 11 C���G, female holotype, male paratype from Mt. Qiyun, Huangshan City, Anhui Prov., China, deposited in HNU, examined) in having strong RTA, long embolus, modified conductor, anteriorly located copulatory openings and the same extending direction of copulatory ducts of epigyne, but differs from the latter by the relatively shaped end of RTA, the different shape of the end of conductor (Figs 3 A���B, 4C���E), the transversely narrow epigynal atrium, the relatively short copulatory ducts and the almost rounded spermathecae (Figs 3 C���D, 4F���G). Description. Male. Total length 3.29���3.87. Holotype (Fig. 4A) total length 3.29. Prosoma 1.77 long, 1.40 wide; Opisthosoma 1.40 long, 1.21 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.03, ALE 0.09, PME 0.08, PLE 0.09; AME���AME 0.03, AME���ALE 0.02, PME���PME 0.07, PME���PLE 0.04, ALE���PLE 0.05. MOA 0.19 long, anterior width 0.07, posterior width 0.23. Clypeus height 0.12. Chelicerae with 3 promarginal and 8 retromarginal teeth. Leg measurements: I 5.24 (1.47, 1.81, 1.15, 0.81); II 4.46 (1.28, 1.46, 0.98, 0.74); III 4.01 (1.12, 1.27, 0.95, 0.67); IV 5.26 (1.44, 1.72, 1.35, 0.75). Male pedipalp (Figs 3 A���B, 4C���E). RTA strong, with a single fold and rounded apex, approaching the mid-part of cymbium. The base of RTA with two small apophyses, extending ventrally and dorsally. Embolus originating at approximately 7-o���clock position. Embolus slender, its anterior part resting in the long groove of conductor. Conductor strong, with an arch-like end. Female (Fig. 4B) total length 3.87. Prosoma 1.72 long, 1.14 wide; opisthosoma 1.89 long, 1.57 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.03, ALE 0.08, PME 0.07, PLE 0.08; AME���AME 0.02, AME���ALE 0.02, PME���PME 0.08, PME���PLE 0.05, ALE���PLE 0.05. MOA 0.19 long, anterior width 0.07, posterior width 0.22. Clypeus height 0.11. Leg measurements: I 4.57 (1.31, 1.60, 0.91, 0.75); II 4.00 (1.15, 1.39, 0.89, 0.57); III 3.67 (1.04, 1.21, 0.89, 0.53); IV 5.01 (1.37, 1.74, 1.19, 0.71). Epigyne (Figs 3 C���D, 4F���G). Atrium small and archway-like. Copulatory openings located on the shoulders of atrium. Copulatory ducts long and spiral. Spermathecae large and ball-shaped. Fertilization ducts small. Distribution. Known only from the type locality, Hunan, China (Fig. 12)., Published as part of Wang, Lu-Yu, Zhou, Gu-Chun & Peng, Xian-Jin, 2019, Four new species of the spider genus Cicurina Menge, 1871 from China (Araneae: Dictynidae), pp. 351-364 in Zootaxa 4615 (2) on pages 353-354, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4615.2.7, http://zenodo.org/record/3244744

Cicurina yuelushanensis spec. nov. Figures 7 A–D, 8A–G, 12 Type material. Holotype male, China, Hunan Prov., Changsha City, Mt. Yuelu, 28°10′52″ N, 112°55′58″ E, elev. 234 m, 19 November 2017, L.Y. Wang leg. Paratypes (20 males and 55 females): 1 male, 8 females, Mt. Yuelu, same location as holotype, 9 February 2017, G.C. Zhou leg.; 2 males, 5 females, Mt. Yuelu, 28°11′05″ N, 112°55′51″ E, elev. 289 m, 15 February 2017, G.C. Zhou leg.; 1 male, 2 females, Mt. Yuelu, 28°10′50″ N, 112°56′17″ E, elev. 142 m, 16 February 2017, G.C. Zhou leg.; 1 male, Mt. Yuelu, 28°10′59″ N, 112°56′13″ E, elev. 163 m, 1 March 2017, G.C. Zhou leg.; 4 females, Mt. Yuelu, same location as holotype, 26 March 2017, G.C. Zhou leg.; 8 females, Mt. Yuelu, 28°10′50″ N, 112°56′19″ E, elev. 115 m, 24 April 2017, G.C. Zhou leg.; 15 males, 28 females, Mt. Yuelu, same location as holotype, 8 December 2016, G.C. Zhou leg. Male pedipalp (Figs 7 A–B, 8C–E). RTA strong, with a single fold and rounded end. Embolus originating at approximately 6-o’clock position. Embolus slender and filiform, its anterior part resting in the long groove of conductor. Conductor strong and with a knife-like end. Females total length 3.61–4.48. The female (Fig. 8B) of total length 3.63: Prosoma 1.57 long, 1.21 wide; opisthosoma 2.04 long, 1.77 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.02, ALE 0.08, PME 0.08, PLE 0.09; AME–AME 0.03, AME–ALE 0.02, PME–PME 0.08, PME–PLE 0.04, ALE–PLE 0.05. MOA 0.21 long, anterior width 0.08, posterior width 0.24. Clypeus height 0.11. Leg measurements: I 4.41 (1.24, 1.56, 0.93, 0.68); II 3.95 (1.16, 1.33, 0.90, 0.56); III 3.56 (1.01, 1.20, 0.86, 0.49); IV 4.63 (1.28, 1.55, 1.16, 0.64). Epigyne (Figs 7 C–D, 8F–G). Atrium wide and archway-like. Copulatory openings located on the shoulders of atrium. Copulatory ducts long and folded. Spermathecae large and ball-shaped. Fertilization ducts hook-like. Distribution. Known only from the type locality, Hunan, China (Fig. 12).

Cicurina yuelushanensis spec. nov. Figures 7 A���D, 8A���G, 12 Type material. Holotype male, China, Hunan Prov., Changsha City, Mt. Yuelu, 28��10���52��� N, 112��55���58��� E, elev. 234 m, 19 November 2017, L.Y. Wang leg. Paratypes (20 males and 55 females): 1 male, 8 females, Mt. Yuelu, same location as holotype, 9 February 2017, G.C. Zhou leg.; 2 males, 5 females, Mt. Yuelu, 28��11���05��� N, 112��55���51��� E, elev. 289 m, 15 February 2017, G.C. Zhou leg.; 1 male, 2 females, Mt. Yuelu, 28��10���50��� N, 112��56���17��� E, elev. 142 m, 16 February 2017, G.C. Zhou leg.; 1 male, Mt. Yuelu, 28��10���59��� N, 112��56���13��� E, elev. 163 m, 1 March 2017, G.C. Zhou leg.; 4 females, Mt. Yuelu, same location as holotype, 26 March 2017, G.C. Zhou leg.; 8 females, Mt. Yuelu, 28��10���50��� N, 112��56���19��� E, elev. 115 m, 24 April 2017, G.C. Zhou leg.; 15 males, 28 females, Mt. Yuelu, same location as holotype, 8 December 2016, G.C. Zhou leg. Male pedipalp (Figs 7 A���B, 8C���E). RTA strong, with a single fold and rounded end. Embolus originating at approximately 6-o���clock position. Embolus slender and filiform, its anterior part resting in the long groove of conductor. Conductor strong and with a knife-like end. Females total length 3.61���4.48. The female (Fig. 8B) of total length 3.63: Prosoma 1.57 long, 1.21 wide; opisthosoma 2.04 long, 1.77 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.02, ALE 0.08, PME 0.08, PLE 0.09; AME���AME 0.03, AME���ALE 0.02, PME���PME 0.08, PME���PLE 0.04, ALE���PLE 0.05. MOA 0.21 long, anterior width 0.08, posterior width 0.24. Clypeus height 0.11. Leg measurements: I 4.41 (1.24, 1.56, 0.93, 0.68); II 3.95 (1.16, 1.33, 0.90, 0.56); III 3.56 (1.01, 1.20, 0.86, 0.49); IV 4.63 (1.28, 1.55, 1.16, 0.64). Epigyne (Figs 7 C���D, 8F���G). Atrium wide and archway-like. Copulatory openings located on the shoulders of atrium. Copulatory ducts long and folded. Spermathecae large and ball-shaped. Fertilization ducts hook-like. Distribution. Known only from the type locality, Hunan, China (Fig. 12)., Published as part of Wang, Lu-Yu, Zhou, Gu-Chun & Peng, Xian-Jin, 2019, Four new species of the spider genus Cicurina Menge, 1871 from China (Araneae: Dictynidae), pp. 351-364 in Zootaxa 4615 (2) on pages 356-358, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4615.2.7, http://zenodo.org/record/3244744

Tribasodites biyun Yin and Zhou, new species (Fig. 3) Type material (2 exs). Holotype: CHINA: ♂: ‘ China: Hunan, Shaoyang City, Chengbu Miao autonomous county, Leng-shui-ping Village, Biyun Cave, 26°20’33.84’’N, 110°19’45.39’’E, 473 m, 10.xi.2017, Gu-Chun Zhou leg. [湖 南冷水坪村碧云洞]’ (SNUC). Paratype: CHINA: 1 ♀, also from Leng-shui-ping Village and same date, except ‘ Baiyun Cave, 26°20’52.38’’N, 110°19’25.70’’E, 468 m [湖南冷水坪村白云洞]’ (SNUC). Diagnosis. Male with simple vertex; antennomeres IX–XI modified; each eye composed of about 45 facets; pronotum with small lateral spines; metaventrite raised above metacoxae to form high projections, with a row of dense setae along each ridge; aedeagus with apical portion of the median lobe split to two parts, dorsal part shorter than ventral part. Female with each eye composed of about 15 facets, and may be identified only when associated with a male. Description. Male. Body (Fig. 3A) reddish brown, mouth parts, antennae and tarsi paler. Body length (combined length of head, pronotum, elytra, and abdomen) 2.80 mm. Length of head from clypeal anterior margin to head base 0.58 mm, width across eyes 0.58 mm; median longitudinal carina extending from base to level of midline of eyes; each eye composed of about 45 facets; antennomeres IX–XI modified (Fig. 3B). Pronotum about as long as wide, length along midline 0.62 mm, maximum width 0.61 mm; with small discal and lateral spines. Elytra about as long as wide, length along suture 0.91 mm, maximum width 0.92 mm; discal striae extending to apical 4/5 of elytral length. Metaventrite (Fig. 3C–D) strongly raised above metacoxae to form high projections, with rows of dense setae along projections; metacoxa and metatrochanter simple. Abdomen narrower than elytra, length of dorsally visible part along midline 0.69 mm, maximum width 0.79 mm. Aedeagus (Figs. 3E–F) asymmetric, length 0.55 mm. Female. General appearance similar to male. Eyes smaller, each composed of about 15 facets. Antennae and metaventrite simple. Measurements: body length (combined length of head, pronotum, elytra, and abdomen) 2.73 mm, length of head from clypeal anterior margin toward head base 0.55 mm, width across eyes 0.56 mm, length of pronotum along midline 0.61 mm, maximum width of pronotum 0.60 mm, length of elytra along suture 0.83 mm, maximum width of elytra 0.88 mm, length of dorsally visible part of abdomen along midline 0.74 mm, maximum width of abdomen 0.82 mm. Comparative notes. Thirteen species from China and Thailand have been included in the Tribasodites bedosae species-group (Yin et al. 2015), which exclusively contains cavernicolous species. Using the key provided in Yin et al. (2015), T. biyun could be keyed out at couplet 10 together with T. bama Yin, Nomura & Li. These two species share the spinose pronotal lateral margins, simple metacoxa and metatrochanter, and short rows of setae present only on the posterior half of the metaventrite. Tribasodites biyun is the first species of the T. bedosae group from Hunan Province, and its males can be readily separated from those of T. bama by the simple antennomere VIII, lateral projection of antennomere IX short and not curved, antennomere X less expanded and lacking a large excavation at the base, and the much longer dorsal branch of the apical fork of the aedeagal median lobe. Among the Chinese species, the simple antennomere VIII of T. biyun is shared only with T. abnormalis Yin, Nomura & Li from Guizhou, but males of the latter species possess unmodified antennae, a modified vertex, an unforked apex of the aedeagal median lobe, and thus can be readily separated from T. biyun. Distribution. China: Hunan. Etymology. The new specific epithet is taken directly from the name of the cave where the holotype was collected, i.e., Biyun Cave [literally: Bluish Cloud Cave].

Araneibatrus curvitibialis Yin and Zhou, new species (Figs 1–2) Type material (8 exs). Holotype: CHINA: ♂: ‘ China: Hunan, Shaoyang City, Chengbu Miao autonomous county, Leng-shui-ping Village, Baiyun Cave, 26°20’52.38’’N, 110°19’25.70’’E, 468 m, 10.xi.2017, Gu-Chun Zhou leg. [湖南冷水坪村白云洞]’ (SNUC). Paratypes: CHINA: 2 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀, same collecting data as the holotype; 2 ♀♀: also from Leng-shui-ping Village and same date, except ‘ Biyun Cave, 26°20’33.84’’N, 110°19’45.39’’E, 473 m [湖南冷水坪村碧云洞]’ (SNUC). Diagnosis. Body length 2.28–2.33 mm. Vertex with a short mediobasal carina, lateral postantennal carinae present; clypeus short, less than one-third of total head length. Pronotum with a shallow median longitudinal impression and transverse antebasal sulci, with dorsal carinae and antebasal protuberances. Elytra with shallow, indistinct discal striae. Tergite IV with two mediobasal and four basolateral foveae. Sternite IV (second visible sternite) with two mediobasal and six basolateral foveae. Male with antennomeres IX–X, protarsomere II, apices of the mesofemur, mesotibia, and metatibia modified. Aedeagus with a large and transverse basal capsule. Description. Male (Fig. 1A). Body length (combined length of head, pronotum, elytra, and abdomen) 2.28– 2.33 mm. Body uniformly reddish-brown, mouthparts, tibiae, and tarsi paler. Head (Fig. 2A) about as long as wide, length from clypeal anterior margin to head base 0.46 mm, width across eyes 0.43–0.44 mm, finely punctate; vertex with short median carina extending from near posterior margin of head toward level slightly past mid-length of eyes; pair of lateral postantennal carinae extending from posterior margins of antennal tubercles toward postocular margins; clypeus relatively short, slightly more than one-fifth of total head length. Each eye composed of about 35 facets. Antennal club formed by three apical enlarged antennomeres (Fig. 2B), antennomeres IX and X enlarged and concave at mesal surfaces, XI asymmetrically narrowed at apical one-third. Pronotum (Fig. 2A) slightly narrower than head, longer than wide, length along midline 0.49 mm, maximum width 0.41–0.42 mm; disc coarsely punctate, with wide and shallow median longitudinal impression and transverse antebasal sulcus, with dorsal carinae and antebasal tubercles. Elytra slightly longer than wide, length along suture 0.73–0.75 mm, maximum width 0.70–0.71 mm, with shallow discal striae at basal third. Metaventrite lacking modification. Protarsomere II expanded at ventral margin near middle (Fig. 2C); apex of mesofemur roundly projected at ventral margin (Fig. 2D); apex of mesotibia with large, acute spine (Fig. 2E); metatrochanter distinctly projected ventrally (Fig. 2E); metatibia strongly curved, with long pubescence at middle and dilated at apical third (Fig. 2G). Length of dorsally visible part of abdomen along midline 0.58–0.65 mm, maximum width of abdomen 0.62 mm. Tergite IV with complete and oblique inner marginal carinae; basal impression subdivided into three parts by one pair of mediobasal and two pairs of basolateral foveae, tergites V–VII each with one pair of basolateral foveae. Sternite IV (second visible sternite) with one pair of mediobasal and three pairs of basolateral foveae, sternites V–VII each with one pair of basolateral foveae. Length of aedeagus (Fig. 2H–J) 0.31 mm, median lobe with stout and slightly transverse basal bulb and large foramen; apex of elongate median lobe deeply narrowed; dorsal lobe broad, apex truncate. Female. General appearance similar to male. Antennae and legs lacking modifications. Eyes smaller, each composed of about 8 facets. Elytra relatively shorter. Measurements: body length (combined length of head, pronotum, elytra, and abdomen) 2.73–2.80 mm, length of head from clypeal anterior margin toward head base 0.48 mm, width across eyes 0.45 mm, length of pronotum along midline 0.49 mm, maximum width of pronotum 0.42 mm, length of elytra along suture 0.70 mm, maximum width of elytra 0.68–0.69 mm, length of dorsally visible part of abdomen along midline 0.63–0.66 mm, maximum width of abdomen 0.64–0.65 mm. Comparative notes. Using the key in Yin et al. (2016), the new species could be keyed out at couplet 4 together with A. grossepunctatus Yin, Jiang & Li. These two species share a similar external morphology of the head and pronotum, a similar form of the aedeagal basal capsule, and a close distribution (both in southern Hunan). However, the unique structures of antennomeres IX–X, protarsomere II, apex of the mesofemur, metatrochanter, and metatibia in the male of A. curvitibialis, and the configuration of the aedeagal median and dorsal lobes readily separate the new species from A. grossepunctatus, as well as from all other congeners of the genus. Distribution. China: Hunan. Etymology. The new specific epithet refers to the curved metatibiae of the male of the new species, which are a species characteristic.

Araneibatrus curvitibialis Yin and Zhou, new species (Figs 1���2) Type material (8 exs). Holotype: CHINA: ♂: ��� China: Hunan, Shaoyang City, Chengbu Miao autonomous county, Leng-shui-ping Village, Baiyun Cave, 26��20���52.38������N, 110��19���25.70������E, 468 m, 10.xi.2017, Gu-Chun Zhou leg. [���������������������������]��� (SNUC). Paratypes: CHINA: 2 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀, same collecting data as the holotype; 2 ♀♀: also from Leng-shui-ping Village and same date, except ��� Biyun Cave, 26��20���33.84������N, 110��19���45.39������E, 473 m [���������������������������]��� (SNUC). Diagnosis. Body length 2.28���2.33 mm. Vertex with a short mediobasal carina, lateral postantennal carinae present; clypeus short, less than one-third of total head length. Pronotum with a shallow median longitudinal impression and transverse antebasal sulci, with dorsal carinae and antebasal protuberances. Elytra with shallow, indistinct discal striae. Tergite IV with two mediobasal and four basolateral foveae. Sternite IV (second visible sternite) with two mediobasal and six basolateral foveae. Male with antennomeres IX���X, protarsomere II, apices of the mesofemur, mesotibia, and metatibia modified. Aedeagus with a large and transverse basal capsule. Description. Male (Fig. 1A). Body length (combined length of head, pronotum, elytra, and abdomen) 2.28��� 2.33 mm. Body uniformly reddish-brown, mouthparts, tibiae, and tarsi paler. Head (Fig. 2A) about as long as wide, length from clypeal anterior margin to head base 0.46 mm, width across eyes 0.43���0.44 mm, finely punctate; vertex with short median carina extending from near posterior margin of head toward level slightly past mid-length of eyes; pair of lateral postantennal carinae extending from posterior margins of antennal tubercles toward postocular margins; clypeus relatively short, slightly more than one-fifth of total head length. Each eye composed of about 35 facets. Antennal club formed by three apical enlarged antennomeres (Fig. 2B), antennomeres IX and X enlarged and concave at mesal surfaces, XI asymmetrically narrowed at apical one-third. Pronotum (Fig. 2A) slightly narrower than head, longer than wide, length along midline 0.49 mm, maximum width 0.41���0.42 mm; disc coarsely punctate, with wide and shallow median longitudinal impression and transverse antebasal sulcus, with dorsal carinae and antebasal tubercles. Elytra slightly longer than wide, length along suture 0.73���0.75 mm, maximum width 0.70���0.71 mm, with shallow discal striae at basal third. Metaventrite lacking modification. Protarsomere II expanded at ventral margin near middle (Fig. 2C); apex of mesofemur roundly projected at ventral margin (Fig. 2D); apex of mesotibia with large, acute spine (Fig. 2E); metatrochanter distinctly projected ventrally (Fig. 2E); metatibia strongly curved, with long pubescence at middle and dilated at apical third (Fig. 2G). Length of dorsally visible part of abdomen along midline 0.58���0.65 mm, maximum width of abdomen 0.62 mm. Tergite IV with complete and oblique inner marginal carinae; basal impression subdivided into three parts by one pair of mediobasal and two pairs of basolateral foveae, tergites V���VII each with one pair of basolateral foveae. Sternite IV (second visible sternite) with one pair of mediobasal and three pairs of basolateral foveae, sternites V���VII each with one pair of basolateral foveae. Length of aedeagus (Fig. 2H���J) 0.31 mm, median lobe with stout and slightly transverse basal bulb and large foramen; apex of elongate median lobe deeply narrowed; dorsal lobe broad, apex truncate. Female. General appearance similar to male. Antennae and legs lacking modifications. Eyes smaller, each composed of about 8 facets. Elytra relatively shorter. Measurements: body length (combined length of head, pronotum, elytra, and abdomen) 2.73���2.80 mm, length of head from clypeal anterior margin toward head base 0.48 mm, width across eyes 0.45 mm, length of pronotum along midline 0.49 mm, maximum width of pronotum 0.42 mm, length of elytra along suture 0.70 mm, maximum width of elytra 0.68���0.69 mm, length of dorsally visible part of abdomen along midline 0.63���0.66 mm, maximum width of abdomen 0.64���0.65 mm. Comparative notes. Using the key in Yin et al. (2016), the new species could be keyed out at couplet 4 together with A. grossepunctatus Yin, Jiang & Li. These two species share a similar external morphology of the head and pronotum, a similar form of the aedeagal basal capsule, and a close distribution (both in southern Hunan). However, the unique structures of antennomeres IX���X, protarsomere II, apex of the mesofemur, metatrochanter, and metatibia in the male of A. curvitibialis, and the configuration of the aedeagal median and dorsal lobes readily separate the new species from A. grossepunctatus, as well as from all other congeners of the genus. Distribution. China: Hunan. Etymology. The new specific epithet refers to the curved metatibiae of the male of the new species, which are a species characteristic., Published as part of Yin, Zi-Wei & Zhou, Gu-Chun, 2018, Two new cavernicolous Pselaphinae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) from southern China, pp. 589-594 in Zootaxa 4457 (4) on pages 590-592, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4457.4.9, http://zenodo.org/record/1458095, {"references":["Yin, Z. - W., Jiang, R. - X. & Steiner, H. (2016) Revision of the genus Araneibatrus (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae). Zootaxa, 4097 (4), 475 - 494. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4097.4.2"]}

Tribasodites biyun Yin and Zhou, new species (Fig. 3) Type material (2 exs). Holotype: CHINA: ♂: ��� China: Hunan, Shaoyang City, Chengbu Miao autonomous county, Leng-shui-ping Village, Biyun Cave, 26��20���33.84������N, 110��19���45.39������E, 473 m, 10.xi.2017, Gu-Chun Zhou leg. [��� ������������������������]��� (SNUC). Paratype: CHINA: 1 ♀, also from Leng-shui-ping Village and same date, except ��� Baiyun Cave, 26��20���52.38������N, 110��19���25.70������E, 468 m [���������������������������]��� (SNUC). Diagnosis. Male with simple vertex; antennomeres IX���XI modified; each eye composed of about 45 facets; pronotum with small lateral spines; metaventrite raised above metacoxae to form high projections, with a row of dense setae along each ridge; aedeagus with apical portion of the median lobe split to two parts, dorsal part shorter than ventral part. Female with each eye composed of about 15 facets, and may be identified only when associated with a male. Description. Male. Body (Fig. 3A) reddish brown, mouth parts, antennae and tarsi paler. Body length (combined length of head, pronotum, elytra, and abdomen) 2.80 mm. Length of head from clypeal anterior margin to head base 0.58 mm, width across eyes 0.58 mm; median longitudinal carina extending from base to level of midline of eyes; each eye composed of about 45 facets; antennomeres IX���XI modified (Fig. 3B). Pronotum about as long as wide, length along midline 0.62 mm, maximum width 0.61 mm; with small discal and lateral spines. Elytra about as long as wide, length along suture 0.91 mm, maximum width 0.92 mm; discal striae extending to apical 4/5 of elytral length. Metaventrite (Fig. 3C���D) strongly raised above metacoxae to form high projections, with rows of dense setae along projections; metacoxa and metatrochanter simple. Abdomen narrower than elytra, length of dorsally visible part along midline 0.69 mm, maximum width 0.79 mm. Aedeagus (Figs. 3E���F) asymmetric, length 0.55 mm. Female. General appearance similar to male. Eyes smaller, each composed of about 15 facets. Antennae and metaventrite simple. Measurements: body length (combined length of head, pronotum, elytra, and abdomen) 2.73 mm, length of head from clypeal anterior margin toward head base 0.55 mm, width across eyes 0.56 mm, length of pronotum along midline 0.61 mm, maximum width of pronotum 0.60 mm, length of elytra along suture 0.83 mm, maximum width of elytra 0.88 mm, length of dorsally visible part of abdomen along midline 0.74 mm, maximum width of abdomen 0.82 mm. Comparative notes. Thirteen species from China and Thailand have been included in the Tribasodites bedosae species-group (Yin et al. 2015), which exclusively contains cavernicolous species. Using the key provided in Yin et al. (2015), T. biyun could be keyed out at couplet 10 together with T. bama Yin, Nomura & Li. These two species share the spinose pronotal lateral margins, simple metacoxa and metatrochanter, and short rows of setae present only on the posterior half of the metaventrite. Tribasodites biyun is the first species of the T. bedosae group from Hunan Province, and its males can be readily separated from those of T. bama by the simple antennomere VIII, lateral projection of antennomere IX short and not curved, antennomere X less expanded and lacking a large excavation at the base, and the much longer dorsal branch of the apical fork of the aedeagal median lobe. Among the Chinese species, the simple antennomere VIII of T. biyun is shared only with T. abnormalis Yin, Nomura & Li from Guizhou, but males of the latter species possess unmodified antennae, a modified vertex, an unforked apex of the aedeagal median lobe, and thus can be readily separated from T. biyun. Distribution. China: Hunan. Etymology. The new specific epithet is taken directly from the name of the cave where the holotype was collected, i.e., Biyun Cave [literally: Bluish Cloud Cave]., Published as part of Yin, Zi-Wei & Zhou, Gu-Chun, 2018, Two new cavernicolous Pselaphinae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) from southern China, pp. 589-594 in Zootaxa 4457 (4) on pages 592-594, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4457.4.9, http://zenodo.org/record/1458095

Two new cavernicolous pselaphines, Araneibatrus curvitibialis Yin and Zhou, sp. n. and Tribasodites biyun Yin and Zhou, sp. n., are described from southern China, with diagnostic characters illustrated. Both new species can be readily distinguished from their respective congeners by the male dimorphic features on the antennae, legs, and (or) metaventrite, as well as by the configurations of the aedeagi.