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Aoria nigripes (Baly, 1860) is one of the main pests of grapes, mainly damaging leaves, petioles and shoots and seriously affecting plant growth and development. Recently, this pest was found to damage the leaves of Ampelopsis grossedentata, Ampelopsis megalophylla, Ampelopsis chaffanjonii and Ampelopsis cantoniensis. However, the phylogenetic relationships of A. nigripes and other related family members are unclear. In this study, we sequenced and analysed the complete mitogenome of A. nigripes for the first time. The mitogenome of A. nigripes is circular and 17,306 bp in size, consisting of 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs) and two ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs). The base composition of the A. nigripes mitogenome is 41.70% A, 33.76% T, 9.01% G and 15.53% C. The phylogenetic analysis showed that A. nigripes was clustered together with Basilepta fulvipes and Colasposoma dauricum.

Tychius argentatus Chevrolat, 1859 group 14. Tychius flavus Becker, 1864, Published as part of Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto & Zhang, Runzhi, 2020, The genus Tychius Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Curculioninae) in China, with description of three new species, pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4856 (1) on page 7, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4856.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4411319, {"references":["Becker, A. (1864) Naturhistorische Mittheilungen. Bulletin de la Societe Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou, 37 (2), 477 - 493."]}

34. Tychius hedysaricus Karasyov, 1991 (Figures 113–116, 235–238, 303–304, 338, 350, 362, 395, 430, 456, 483) Tychius hedysaricus Karasyov, 1991: 143. Material examined. CHINA: Shaanxi: Yulin Dingbian, Hedysarum fruticosum var. mongolicum, 22-VII-1987 (2). Redescription. Length 2.60–3.20 mm (Fig. 113–116). Dorsal integument completely hidden by very dense, overlapped, broad, rounded to oval, yellowish to white scales. Elytral interstriae with broadly oval scales in double to triple rows, and narrower and sparse scales in a median row. Rostrum (Fig. 235–238) in lateral view tapered and slightly curved in male, slightly tapered and curved in female (Rl/Rw 5.83–5.87 in male, 7.20–7.27 in female; Rl/Pl 0.85–0.93 in male, 0.90–1.03 in female). Eyes flat. Pronotum (Pw/Pl 1.07–1.11) with slightly curved sides in basal half. Elytra (Ew/Pw 1.25–1.33; El/Ew 1.73–1.90), rectangular, elongate. Femora (Fig. 303–304) unarmed. Tibiae (Fig. 338) without sexual characters. Third tarsomere distinctly wider than second tarsomere (Fig. 350). Claws (Fig. 362) with small medial teeth, as long as half of claw, fastened to claw in basal half. Male genitalia: body of penis (Fig. 395) moderately wide and with sides slightly convergent in basal 2/3, then distinctly narrowed and parallel sided to apex, with narrow and blunted tip (Fig. 430), with apex in lateral view upturned, 1/3 longer than apodeme. Female genitalia: spermatheca (Fig. 456) with long parallel-sided ramus slightly curved inwards, short robust collum, robust nodulus, cornu gradually narrowing to apex; spiculum ventrale (Fig. 483) with arms almost joined for their whole length. Remarks and comparative notes. As reported by Karasjov (1991) this species, described based on specimens from Mongolia which we examined, differs from T. gracilitubus by the moderately straight rostrum (especially in the female) and the shape of the penis. The spermathecae are also distinctly different. Biology. This species occurs in both Mongolia (Karasjov, 1991) and in China on Hedysarum fruticosum Pall. var. mongolicum (Turcz) B. Fedtsch. Distribution. This species was previously known only from Mongolia. New record from China (SHA)., Published as part of Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto & Zhang, Runzhi, 2020, The genus Tychius Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Curculioninae) in China, with description of three new species, pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4856 (1) on pages 37-38, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4856.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4411319, {"references":["Karasyov, V. P. (1991) K sistematike gruppy Lepidotychius (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Tychiinae). Zoologicheskiy Zhurnal, 1, 143 - 146."]}

1. Tychius albolineatus Motschulsky, 1860 (Figures 1–4, 125–128, 243–244, 307, 364, 397, 432, 458) Tychius albolineatus Motschulsky, 1860: 495. Korotyaev, 1996: 485. Caldara, 2013: 53. Tychius irritans Faust, 1890: 93. Franz, 1940: 28. Caldara, 1990: 98. Korotyaev, 1996: 486. Tychius rusticus Faust, 1890: 93. Franz, 1940: 28. Caldara, 1990: 98. Korotyaev, 1996: 486. Tychius oberti Faust, 1890: 95. Franz, 1940: 25. Caldara, 1990: 97. Korotyaev, 1996: 486. Tychius sibiricus Faust, 1890: 96. Franz, 1940: 28. Caldara, 1990: 98. Korotyaev, 1996: 486. Tychius ginsuji Kôno, 1930: 145. Franz, 1940: 30. Caldara, 1990: 205. Korotyaev, 1996: 486. Material examined. CHINA: Beijing: Badaling (700 m), 6-VIII-1962, leg Tengqiao Jiang (3); same data, leg Chunguang Wang (3); same data, 21-VI-1962, leg Tiesheng Li (1); same data, 23-VII-1964, leg Wenzhen Ma (1); same data, 24-VI-1964, leg Wenzhen Ma (4); Sanpu (600 m), 18-VIII-1960, leg Tiesheng Li (1); (same data, 17-VIII- 1964, leg Tiesheng Li (1); same data, 21-VIII-1964, leg Tengqiao Jiang (1); same data, 21-VIII-1964, leg Tiesheng Li(2); same data, 22-VII-1964, leg Wenzhen Ma (1); same data, 24-VII-1964, leg Wenzhen Ma (1); Baihuashan, Labiatae sp., 30-V-1970, Guiheng Che (1). Hebei: Xiaowutai Tatou (1200 m), 12-VIII-1964, leg Yinheng Han (1); Weixian Jinhekou (1300 m), 19-VIII-1964, leg Qinlu Chen (1); Xinglong Taqian, 3-VII-1963, leg Wenzhen Ma (1). Heilongjiang: Aihui Xigou, 18-VII-1963, leg Hongxing Li (1); same data, 20-VII-1963, leg Hongxing Li (2); same data, 22-VII-1963, leg Hongxing Li (2); Dailing, 1-VIII-1958 (3); same data, 4-VIII-1958 (1); Haerbing, 3-IX- 1944, leg Xapsuh (1); same data, 20-22-VI-1955 (1); same data, 24-VII-1963, leg Hongxing Li (1); same data, 28- VI-1942, leg Xapsuh (3); Jingpohu, 1-IX-1980 (1); Nenjiang, 24-VII-1963, leg Hongxing Li (5); Ningan Jingpohu (380m), 07-VIII-1963, leg Hongxing Li (2); same data, 8-VIII-1963, leg Hongxing Li (5). Inner Mongolia: Genhe Jinhe Dongshan (51°20’N; 121°30’E, 862 m), 18-VII-2018, leg Yizhe Li (1); Great Khingan Molidawa, 23-VII- 1970 (3); Hanma central station Observation Deck (51°26’N; 112°29’E, 828 m), 16-VII-2018, leg Yizhe Li (7); Hanma central station West checkpoint (54°25’N; 122°28’E, 819m), 10-VII-2018, leg Xu Chi (3); Xinganmeng Houqi, 17-VII-1984, leg Chengtang Zhao (1); 27-VII-1984, leg Chengtang Zhao (2). Jilin: Antu Dahuanggou, 15- VIII-1963, leg Hongxing Li (8); same data, 18-VIII-1963, leg Hongxing Li (3); Beishan, 25-VI-1963, leg Hongxing Li (1); Changchun Jingyuetan, 20-VI-1963, leg Hongxing Li (1); same data, 21-VI-1963, leg Hongxing Li (9); same data, 22-VI-1963, leg Hongxing Li (3). Liaoning: Anshan Qianshan, 09-VI-1963, leg Hongxing Li (1); Benxi, 3-VI-1963, leg Hongxing Li (2); Huangcheng Tongyuanpu, 29-V-1963, leg Hongxing Li (1); Shenyang Dongling, 25-V-1963, leg Hongxing Li (1). Shanxi: Wutaixian Hengling (1200 m), 6-VI-1964, leg Tiesheng Li (1); Wutaixian Shiju (1500 m), Caragana sinica, 8-VI-1964, leg Tiesheng Li (1); Northeast, 1960 (4). Redescription. Length 3.30–4.15 mm (Fig. 1–4). Integument blackish except for reddish apical half of rostrum, antennae and legs; on dorsum completely covered with dense, moderately long, uniformly subelliptical scales, irregularly arranged and forming white vittae on pronotum and elytra. Rostrum (Fig. 125–128) in lateral view distinctly tapered from antennal insertion to apex, male rostrum moderately long (Rl/Rw 3.21–3.67; Rl/Pl 0.90– 0.92), female rostrum slightly longer (Rl/Rw 3.60–4.29; Rl/Pl 0.82–1.00). Antennal funicle 7-segmented. Eyes globose, distinctly convex. Pronotum more or less transverse (Pw/Pl 1.25–1.32 in male, Pw/Pl 1.27–1.38 in female) but always distinctly constricted at apex. Elytra short (El/Ew 1.34–1.50, Ew/Pw 1.31–1.39 in male; El/Ew 1.35– 1.38, Ew/Pw 1.30–1.35 in female), globose, convex. Femora (Fig. 243–244) with tooth, being distinctly robust and sharp on metafemora. Profemora in male with fringe of seta-like scales. Protibiae (Fig. 307) slightly prominent in basal half of inner margin. Third tarsomere distinctly wider than second tarsomere. Claws with robust medial teeth, as long as half of claw. Male genitalia: body of penis (Fig. 364) slightly enlarged towards apex, which is very broad with a small acute tip (Fig. 397), apodeme slightly longer than body of penis. Female genitalia: spermatheca (Fig. 432) with short ramus and short collum, narrow nodulus, curved long cornu parallel-sided and ending with a blunted apex; spiculum ventrale (Fig. 458) with arms joined in basal half then slightly divergent to apex. Remarks and comparative notes. This species is somewhat variable in the pattern of the elytral vestiture and the width of the pronotum. Several taxa from central Asia and Japan, currently considered synonyms of T. albolineatus, were described due to this variability. This species can be confused with T. quinquepunctatus (Linnaeus, 1758) although the latter is uncommon in the Far East and Japan and is not yet known from China. Biology. We have studied some specimens collected on Caragana sinica (Buc’hoz) Rehder. and on Labiatae sp., the latter considered an incidental plant association. Distribution. Russia (Siberia), Mongolia, Korea, Japan. Know in Northeast and North China (HEB NO), new for some provinces of North China (BEI JIL LIA SHX)., Published as part of Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto & Zhang, Runzhi, 2020, The genus Tychius Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Curculioninae) in China, with description of three new species, pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4856 (1) on pages 8-9, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4856.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4411319, {"references":["Motschulsky, V. de (1860) Catalogue des insectes rapportes des environs du fl. Amour, depuis la Schilka jusqu'a Nikolaevsk. Bulletin de la Societe Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou, 32 (4), 487 - 507.","Korotyaev, B. A. (1996) [new synonymies]. In: Egorov, A. B., Zerichin, V. V., Korotyaev, B. A., Sem. Curculionidae-Dolgonosiki. In: Ler, P. A. (Ed.), Opredelitel'nasekomykh Dal'nego Vostoka Rossii. Tom 3. Zhestkokrylye, ilizhuki. Chast' 3. Dal'nauka, Vladivostok, pp. 431 - 516.","Caldara, R. (2013) Curculionidae: Curculioninae. In: Lobl, I. & Smetana, A. (Eds.), Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera. Vol. 8. Brill, Leiden, pp. 51 - 56 + 117 - 172.","Faust, J. (1890) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Coleopteren-Fauna Sudwest-Sibiriens. Verzeichniss der auf einer Reise in dem Minusinskischen Kreise und dem angrenzenden Theil der Mongolei von den Herren K. Ehnberg und R. Hammarstrom gesammelten Curculioniden. Ofversigt af Finska Vetenskaps-Societetens Forhandlingar, 32, 53 - 106. [1889 - 1890]","Franz, H. (1940) Vorarbeiten zu einer Monographie der Tychiini. II. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Gattung Lepidotychius Penecke. Mitteilungen der Munchner Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 30, 4 - 23.","Caldara, R. (1990) Revisione tassonomica delle specie paleartiche dei genere Tychius Germar (Coleoptera Curculionidae). Memorie della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e dei Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, 25, 51 - 218.","Kono, H. (1930) Langrussler aus dem japanischen Reich. (Fortsetzung). Insecta Matsumurana, 4 (4), 145 - 162."]}

20. Tychius vossi Caldara, 1990 (Figures 59–62, 183–186, 275–276, 324, 380, 414–415, 445, 471) Tychius vossi Caldara, 1990: 180. Material examined. CHINA: Inner Mongolia: Xinganmeng Qianqi, 12-VIII-1983, leg Yinbao (1); same data, 4- VIII-1983 (1); Kenerqin Suolunqi, 28-VI-1957 (2). Heilongjiang: Nenjiang, 24-VI-1963, leg Hongxing Li (2). Shanxi: Wutaishan Dongtai, 13-VI-1964, legTiesheng Li (1). Sichuan: Ganzi, 17-VII-1980 (1); same data, VII-1980 (2). Xinjiang: Qinghe (1260m), 6-VII-1960, leg Shuyong Wang (1); Helianthus annuus, 7-VII-1971 (1). Redescription. Length 2.50–2.70 mm (Fig. 59–62). Integument reddish brown, with dorsal vestiture formed by recumbent, narrow, pale brown, dark brown and whitish scales, the first more numerous at sides of pronotum and on elytra, the latter forming a indistinct longitudinal vitta on pronotum at midline; sparse broad scales at base and sides of pronotum and on elytral interstria 1. Rostrum (Fig. 183–186) stout (Rl/Rw 2.95–3.32 in male, 3.27–3.36 in female; Rl/Pl 0.72–0.86 in male, 0.82–0.87 in female), poorly sexually dimorphic. Antennal funicle 7-segmented. Eyes globose, prominent. Pronotum slightly transverse (Pw/Pl 1.09–1.20), with parallel sides in basal half, distinctly narrower than elytra at base. Elytra suboval (Ew/Pw 1.20–1.40; El/Ew 1.42–1.67), with prominent humeri. Femora (Fig. 275–276) with small tooth. Profemora and protibiae (Fig. 324) without sexual characters. Claws with robust medial teeth, as long as half of claw. Genitalia: body of penis (Fig. 380) long, narrow, very slightly enlarged at apical third on dorsal view, with blunted large tip (Fig. 414–415), longer than apodeme. Female genitalia: spermatheca (Fig. 445) with short ramus and short collum, indistinct nodulus, long cornu distinctly narrowed in apical part; spiculum ventrale (Fig. 471) with arms convexly spaced in apical 2/3. Remarks and comparative notes. This species is similar to T. meliloti, from which it differs by globose prominent eyes, the shape of the rostrum and, in males, by the protibiae without a tooth at the middle of the inner margin. Biology. No data are available. We have examined one specimen labeled as collected on Helianthus annuus L. (Asteraceae), however, we believe this association to be accidental. Distribution. Previously known only from Mongolia. New record from China (HEI NMO SHX SCH XIN)., Published as part of Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto & Zhang, Runzhi, 2020, The genus Tychius Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Curculioninae) in China, with description of three new species, pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4856 (1) on pages 24-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4856.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4411319, {"references":["Caldara, R. (1990) Revisione tassonomica delle specie paleartiche dei genere Tychius Germar (Coleoptera Curculionidae). Memorie della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e dei Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, 25, 51 - 218."]}

Tychius (Tychius) morawitzi group 24. Tychius morawitzi Becker, 1864 25. Tychius winkleri (Franz, 1940) 26. Tychius urbanus Faust, 1885 27. Tychius tachengicus Jiang & Caldara n. sp. 28. Tychius sulphureus Faust, 1881 29. Tychius obrieni Jiang & Caldara n. sp. 30. Tychius zhangi Jiang & Caldara n. sp., Published as part of Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto & Zhang, Runzhi, 2020, The genus Tychius Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Curculioninae) in China, with description of three new species, pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4856 (1) on page 7, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4856.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4411319, {"references":["Becker, A. (1864) Naturhistorische Mittheilungen. Bulletin de la Societe Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou, 37 (2), 477 - 493.","Franz, H. (1940) Vorarbeiten zu einer Monographie der Tychiini. II. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Gattung Lepidotychius Penecke. Mitteilungen der Munchner Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 30, 4 - 23.","Faust, J. (1885) Turkestanische Russelkafer. Entomologische Zeitung, Stettin, 46, 149 - 202. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnd. 48018850118","Faust, J. (1881) Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Kafer des europaischen und asiatischen Russlands mit Einschluss der Kusten des Kaspischen Meeres. (3. Fortsetzung). Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae, 16 (3 - 4), 285 - 333."]}

13. Tychius squamulatus Gyllenhal, 1835 (Fig. 33–34, 157–158, 261–262, 316, 373, 406) Tychius squamulatus Gyllenhal, 1835: 404. Franz, 1949: 263. Caldara, 1990: 166. Material examined. CHINA: Gansu: Zhangye, 11-VII-1962, leg Hongxing Li (1). Redescription. Length 1.80–2.60 mm (Fig. 33–34). Integument dark brown except for reddish apical half of rostrum, antennae and legs; on dorsum almost completely hidden by subelliptical light brown scales confusedly arranged on elytral interstriae. Rostrum (Fig. 157–158) in lateral view slightly curved (Rl/Rw 4.12–4.22; Rl/Pl 0.85–0.94 in male; Rl/Rw 4.27–4.32; Rl/Pl 0.88–1.00 in female). Antennal funicle 7-segmented. Eyes globose convex, prominent. Pronotum transverse (Pw/Pl 1.13–1.20), slightly rounded at sides, convex. Elytra suboval (El/ Ew 1.33–1.51; Ew/Pw 1.23–1.30). Profemora (Fig. 261) unarmed, metafemora (Fig. 262) with big tooth. Protibiae (Fig. 316) without sexual characters. Claws with robust medial teeth, as long as 2/3 of claw. Male genitalia: body of penis (Fig. 373) thin, long, parallel at sides on dorsal view, constricted only until near apex, without tip, slightly longer than apodeme, apex (Fig. 406) flat. Female genitalia (Caldara 1990): spermatheca with short ramus slightly curved backward, distinct short collum, robust nodulus, long cornu distinctly narrowed in apical third; spiculum ventrale with parallel-sided moderately wide arms, slightly spaced but joined near apex. Remarks and comparative notes. This species can be separated from other Chinese species by the rostrum shape, the pattern of the elytral vestiture and the distinct tooth of the metafemora. Biology. It is well known that the host plant of this species is Lotus corniculatus L., where larvae feed on the seeds (Caldara 1990, Skuhrovec et al. 2014). This plant is also widely distributed in China. Distribution. This species is widely distributed in central and southern Europe, England, Anterior Asia (Iran, the Caucasus, Anatolia) and Algeria. New record from China (GAN)., Published as part of Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto & Zhang, Runzhi, 2020, The genus Tychius Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Curculioninae) in China, with description of three new species, pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4856 (1) on pages 17-18, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4856.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4411319, {"references":["Franz, H. (1949) Vorarbeiten zu einer Monographie der Tychiini. V. Ergebnisse der Untersuchung von Tychius - Typen schwedischer Museen. Entomologisk Tidskrift, 70, 263 - 269.","Caldara, R. (1990) Revisione tassonomica delle specie paleartiche dei genere Tychius Germar (Coleoptera Curculionidae). Memorie della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e dei Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, 25, 51 - 218.","Skuhrovec, J., Gosik, R. & Caldara, R. (2014) Immatures of Palearctic species of the weevil genus Tychius (Coleoptera, Curculionidae): new descriptions and new bionomic data with an evaluation of their value in a phylogenetic reconstruction of the genus. Zootaxa, 3839 (1), 1 - 83. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3839.1.1"]}

Tychius Germar, 1817 Tychius Germar, 1817: 340. Type species Curculio quinquepunctatus Linnaeus, 1758. Miccotrogus Schoenherr, 1825: 583. Type species Curculio cuprifer Panzer, 1799. Clark, 1976: 92. Caldara, 1990: 55. Lepidotychius Penecke, 1922: 3. Type species Tychius morawitzi Becker, 1864. Caldara, 1986: 141. Neotychius Hustache, 1945: 67. Type species Tychius grenieri C.N.F. Brisout de Barneville, 1862. Caldara, 1990: 56. Mongolotychius Korotyaev, 1990: 233. Type species Lepidotychius mongolicus Bajtenov, 1977 (= Tychius bajtenovi Caldara, 1986). Alonso-Zarazaga & Lyal, 1999: 185. Redescription (following Caldara 1990). Integument reddish to black, usually at least apical part of rostrum, tibiae and tarsi reddish; covered with more or less thick scales. Head between eyes usually as wide as rostrum at base, eyes flat to convex. Rostrum usually sexually dimorphic in shape and length. Scrobe not visible from above, in lateral view oblique and convergent ventrally at base of rostrum. Antennal funicle 6–7 segmented, first and second segment elongate, others gradually more transverse. Prothorax variable in shape, from slightly longer than wide to distinctly wider than long. Elytra from short, oval or subglobose, to long, subelliptical or rectangular, elytral interstriae flat or a little convex, wider than striae that are formed by deep and regular punctures, being more or less visible between the vestiture. Abdomen with pygidium in male mostly hidden by elytra and approximately perpendicular to longitudinal axis of body and with a transverse ridge (missing only in the T. bajtenovi group). Legs with femora unarmed or with more or less pronounced tooth (especially metafemora), profemora in male sometimes with ventral fringe of pale scales; tibiae more or less arcuate, protibiae sometimes with distinct tooth at middle of inner margin in male; tarsi with more or less elongate articles, third tarsomere weakly to strongly bilobed, claws usually with two more or less long medial teeth. Male genitalia with body of penis variously shaped, more or less sclerotized on dorsum, usually symmetrical, with long setae at its apex on ventral part; internal sac only rarely with small spine-like sclerites; apodeme nearly of same length as body of penis (twice longer in T. ovalis); spiculum gastrale Y-shaped, tegmen fork-shaped without sclerotized parameroid lobes. Female genitalia with spermatheca variously shaped, with exit of ductus usually placed lower than point of origin of spermathecal gland; spiculum ventrale with apical part more or less sclerotized, linear or fork-shaped. List of Chinese Tychius All the species currently known from China belong to the subgenus Tychius s. str. Tychius quinquepunctatus (Linnaeus, 1758) group 1. Tychius albolineatus Motschulsky, 1860, Published as part of Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto & Zhang, Runzhi, 2020, The genus Tychius Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Curculioninae) in China, with description of three new species, pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4856 (1) on pages 6-7, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4856.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4411319, {"references":["Germar, E. F. (1817) Miscellen und Correspondenz-Nachrichten. Magazin der Entomologie, 2, 339 - 341.","Schoenherr, C. J. (1825) Continuatio tabulae synopticae familiae curculionidum. Isis von Oken, 1 (5), cols. 581 - 588.","Caldara, R. (1990) Revisione tassonomica delle specie paleartiche dei genere Tychius Germar (Coleoptera Curculionidae). Memorie della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e dei Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, 25, 51 - 218.","Penecke, K. A. (1922) Bestimmungstabelle der mitteleuropaischen Tychius - Arten nebst einer Tabelle der palaarktischen Gattungen der Tychiini und Beschreibung neuer Arten. Koleopterologische Runschau, 10 (1), 1 - 29.","Becker, A. (1864) Naturhistorische Mittheilungen. Bulletin de la Societe Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou, 37 (2), 477 - 493.","Caldara, R. (1986) Revisione dei Tychius precedentemente inclusi in Lepidotychius (n. syn.) (Coleoptera Curculionidae). Atti della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, 127, 141 - 194.","Hustache, A. (1945) Notes synonymiques. Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique de France, 50, 67 - 68.","Korotyaev, B. A. (1990) Materialy po faune zhukov nadsemeystva Curculionoidea (Coleoptera) Mongolii i sopredelnykh stran. Nasekomie Mongolii, 11, 216 - 234.","Bajtenov, M. S. (1977) Tychiinae (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) aus der Mongolei. Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationali Hungarici, 69, 159 - 163.","Alonso-Zarazaga, A. M. & Lyal, C. H. C. (1999) A world catalogue of families and genera of Curculionoidea (Insecta: Coleoptera) (excepting Scolytidae and Platypodidae). Entomopraxis S. C. P., Barcelona, 315 pp.","Motschulsky, V. de (1860) Catalogue des insectes rapportes des environs du fl. Amour, depuis la Schilka jusqu'a Nikolaevsk. Bulletin de la Societe Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou, 32 (4), 487 - 507."]}

19. Tychius meliloti Stephens, 1831 (Figures 55–58, 179–182, 273–274, 322–323, 379, 412–413, 444, 470) Tychius meliloti Stephens, 1831: 55. Caldara, 1983: 88; 1990: 179. Tychius sorex Gyllenhal, 1835: 411. Franz, 1949: 267. Caldara, 1990: 179. Material examined. CHINA: Beijing: Dahongmen, 25-VIII-1958 (3); Huilongguan, Sophora sp., 14-V-1962, leg Shuyong Wang (1). Xinjiang: Aletai City (47°28’N; 87°21’E, 482m), 30-VI-2014, leg Yingchao Ji (2); Fukang Observatary, (44°17’N; 87°56’E, 474m), 23-V-2007, leg Ye Liu (3); Habahe County (48°3’N; 86°25’E, 532m), 30-VI-2014, leg Yingchao Ji (1); Jimunai County (47°25’N; 85°53’E, 1089m), 3-VII-2014, leg Chunyan Jiang (9); Aletai Daaokeng (47°25’N; 87°31’E, 493m), 30-VI-2014, leg Chunyan Jiang (1); Qinghe Talaticun (46°28’N; 90°27’E, 1285m), 26-VI-2014, leg Chunyan Jiang (1); Qinghe Akexilike, 26-VI-2014, leg Chunyan Jiang (1); Qinghe Takeshiken Buergen (46°10’N; 90°48’E, 1111m), 28-VII-2013, leg Chunyan Jiang (3); same data, 26- VI-2014, leg Chunyan Jiang (3); Qinghe Talaticun (46°28’N; 90°27’E, 1285m), 26-VI-2014, leg Chunyan Jiang (14); Qitaishanqiu Huangmo2#, 2-VII-1996 (6); Tuoli, 2-VII-1955, leg Shijun Ma, Kailing Xia, Yonglin Chen (1); Ziniquan, 12-VI-1957, leg Weiyi Yang (1). Gansu: Jiuquan, Chengjiao Nongchang, Medicago sp., 23-VII-1962, leg Hongxing Li (1); same data, 25-VII-1962, leg Hongxing Li (6); same data, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, 24-VII-1962, leg Hongxing Li (1); Jiuquan, Medicago sp., 23-VII-1962, leg Hongxing Li (22); Weiwu Beiguan Medicago sp., 7-VII-1962, leg Hongxing Li (3); Weiwu Huangyanghe (1700m), 2-VII-1962, leg Hongxing Li (1). Heilongjiang: Haerbin, 31-V-1943 (1). Shaanxi: Zhouzhi Louguantai, 24-V-2007, leg Lijie Zhang (1). Inner Mongolia: Yakeshi, Nanshan, (49°16’N; 120°43’E, 657m), 8-VII-2018, leg Yizhe Li (1). Shandong: Dongying, Huanghekou (37°40’N; 118°55’E, 0m), 16-V-2019, leg Chunyan Jiang (2). Redescription. Length 1.80–2.40 mm (Fig. 55–58). Integument blackish brown except for reddish apical 2/3 of elytra, tibiae and tarsi; on dorsum covered with elongate seta-like, grayish yellow scales and wide paler scales at base of pronotum, scutellum and elytral interstria 1. Rostrum (Fig. 179–182) strongly tapered in distal half especially in female (Rl/Rw 3.93–4.07 in male, 4.29–4.36 in female; Rl/Pl 0.72–0.81 in male, 0.80–0.92 in female). Antennal funicle 7-segmented. Eyes completely flat. Pronotum slightly wider than long (Pw/Pl 1.08–1.19), with subparallel sides in basal half. Elytra (El/Ew 1.40–1.55; Ew/Pw 1.25–1.40) subparallel-sided in basal half. Femora (Fig. 273–274) unarmed. In male profemora with short fringe of white scales and protibiae (Fig. 322–323) toothed at middle of inner margin. Claws with robust medial teeth, as long as 2/3 of claw. Male genitalia: body of penis (Fig. 379) elongate, slightly narrow at middle on dorsal view, moderately narrowed until near apex (Fig. 412–413) nearly being widely truncate, as long as apodeme. Female genitalia: spermatheca (Fig. 444) with long stout ramus, slightly enlarged at apex, distinct arcuate thin collum, indistinct nodulus, robust cornu abruptly constricted near apex; spiculum ventrale (Fig. 470) with parallel-sided moderately wide arms, slightly spaced but joined near apex. Remarks and comparative notes. Due to the completely flat eyes, this species may be mainly confused with T. breviusculus, from which it is distinguishable by the rostrum being distinctly and abruptly tapered in the apical half especially in the female and the presence of a sharp tooth at the middle of the inner margin of the protibiae in the male. Biology. This species feeds on Melilotus (M. officinalis G. G., M. altissima Thuil., M. alba Lam.) often together with T. breviusculus (Caldara, 1990). The immature stages were recently described by Skuhrovec et al. (2014). Distribution. This is a common Palearctic species known from all of Europe, Asia and North Africa. It was already reported from Northwest China (XIN), it is here newly reported from GAN, North China (BEI HEI) and Northeast China (NMO SHN). It is introduced in central Africa and North America., Published as part of Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto & Zhang, Runzhi, 2020, The genus Tychius Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Curculioninae) in China, with description of three new species, pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4856 (1) on page 24, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4856.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4411319, {"references":["Stephens, J. F. (1831) Signature D-F. In: Illustrations of British entomology; or, a synopsis of indigenous insects: containing their generic and specific distinctions; with an account of their metamorphoses, times of appearance, localities, food, and economy, as far as practicable. Mandibulata. Vol. IV. Baldwin, Cradock, London, pp. 31 - 78.","Franz, H. (1949) Vorarbeiten zu einer Monographie der Tychiini. V. Ergebnisse der Untersuchung von Tychius - Typen schwedischer Museen. Entomologisk Tidskrift, 70, 263 - 269.","Caldara, R. (1990) Revisione tassonomica delle specie paleartiche dei genere Tychius Germar (Coleoptera Curculionidae). Memorie della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e dei Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, 25, 51 - 218.","Skuhrovec, J., Gosik, R. & Caldara, R. (2014) Immatures of Palearctic species of the weevil genus Tychius (Coleoptera, Curculionidae): new descriptions and new bionomic data with an evaluation of their value in a phylogenetic reconstruction of the genus. Zootaxa, 3839 (1), 1 - 83. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3839.1.1"]}

25. Tychius winkleri (Franz, 1940) (Figures 77–80, 199–202, 285–286, 328, 341, 353, 384, 419, 448, 475) Lepidotychius winkleri Franz, 1940: 15. Caldara, 1986: 177 (Tychius). Tychius carinicollis Tournier, 1874: 479 (not Lucas, 1849). Caldara, 1986: 177. Material examined. CHINA: Xinjiang: Tulufan (20–140 m), 24-VI-1958, leg Guang Wang (5); Tuoli, 21-VI-1955, leg Shijun Ma, Kailing Xia, Yonglin Chen (1); Shanshan (22–550 m), 20-VI-1958, leg Changqing Li (1); Wushi, 18-VII-1958, leg Shuyong Wang (1). Redescription. Length 2.20–2.60 mm (Fig. 77–80). Vestiture on dorsum uniformly grayish to pale brown, paler on interstria 1 and sides of elytra. Rostrum (Fig. 199–202) curved (Rl/Rw 5.33–5.42 in male, 5.25–5.83 in female; Rl/Pl 0.77–0.85 in male, 0.84–0.93 in female), at apex tapered in dorsal view and subparallel-sided in lateral view, distinctly sexually dimorphic. Pronotum (Pw/Pl 1.13–1.23) curved at sides from base to apex, slightly narrower than elytra (Ew/Pw 1.20–1.30). Elytra suboval (El/Ew 1.40–1.55). Femora (Fig. 285–286) unarmed, tibiae (Fig. 328) without sexual characters. Third tarsomere wider than second tarsomere (Fig. 341). Claws (Fig. 353) with small medial teeth as long as half of claw, fastened to claw in basal half. Male genitalia: body of penis (Fig. 384) large in basal 2/3, then distinctly abruptly narrow to apex, with small blunted tip (Fig. 419), nearly as long as apodeme. Female genitalia: spermatheca see Fig. 448; spiculum ventrale (Fig. 475) with thin arms spaced in basal third but distinctly narrowing to middle, then completely joined to apex. Remarks and comparative notes. This species is very closely related to T. urbanus, from which it differs by the shape of the rostrum and the aedeagus. Biology. This species lives on Alhagi pseudalhagi (M. Bieb.) Desv. ex B. Keller & Shap. in Central Asia (Karasjov, 1994). Distribution. This species was previously known from southern Russia, the Caucasus, Egypt and western to central Asia. New record from China (XIN)., Published as part of Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto & Zhang, Runzhi, 2020, The genus Tychius Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Curculioninae) in China, with description of three new species, pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4856 (1) on page 28, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4856.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4411319, {"references":["Franz, H. (1940) Vorarbeiten zu einer Monographie der Tychiini. II. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Gattung Lepidotychius Penecke. Mitteilungen der Munchner Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 30, 4 - 23.","Caldara, R. (1986) Revisione dei Tychius precedentemente inclusi in Lepidotychius (n. syn.) (Coleoptera Curculionidae). Atti della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, 127, 141 - 194.","Tournier, H. (1874) Observations sur les especes europeennes et circumeuropeennes de la tribu des Tychiides. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 3 (4), 449 - 522."]}

15. Tychius aureolus Kiesenwetter, 1852 (Figures 39–42, 163–166, 265–266, 318, 375, 408, 440, 466) Tychius aureolus Kiesenwetter, 1852: 640. Franz, 1942: 123. Caldara, 1990: 174. Tychius femoralis C. N. F. Brisout de Barneville, 1863: 771. Franz, 1942: 123. Caldara, 1990: 174. Material examined. CHINA: Gansu: Jiuquan, Chengjiao Nongchang, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, 24-VII-1962, leg Hongxing Li (1); Longnan Mocaozhan, VIII-1981 (1); same data, 5-VIII-1982, leg Feng (1); same data, Medicago sp., 9-VII-1983, leg Juyi Zhang (1); same data, Glycine sp., 10-VII-1983, leg Jian Lan (1); same data, Medicago sp., 14-VI-1980 (1); Weiwu Huangyangzhen (1800 m), 30-VI-1962, leg Hongxing Li (1). Inner Mongolia:Alashanzuoqi Helanshan Shuimogou (32°56’N; 105°40’E, 2307 m), 26-VII-2010, leg Meiying Lin (1). Jiangsu: Zhangjiagang, V-1960, leg Zhao (1). Xinjiang: Baihaba County (48°39’N; 86°42’E, 1314 m), 2-VII-2014, leg Chunyan Jiang (10); Baihabacaochang (1153 m), 22-VII-2009, leg Xinlei Huang (18); same data, 23-VII-2009, leg Xinlei Huang (44); Habahe Baihabadaxiagu (48°39’N; 86°43’E, 1314m), 2-VII-2014, leg Chunyan Jiang (1); Hejing (950-1170 m), 20-V-1958, leg Guang Wang (1); Hejing (1130 m), 22-VII-1958, leg Guoyuan Chen (1); Jiashi (1160 m), 20-VI-1959, leg Afu Tian (1); Jimunai County (47°25’N; 85°53’E, 1089 m), 3-VII-2014, leg Chunyan Jiang (3); same data, 2-VII-2013, leg Zhiliang Wang (1); Kelamayi Muer Hake (45°42’N; 85°11’E, 276 m), 4-VII-2014, leg Chunyan Jiang (1); Manasi (400-550 m), 11-VI-1957, leg Guang Wang (1); Moyu (1240m), 17-V-1959, leg Changqing Li (1); Qinghe (1260 m), 6-VII-1960, leg Shuyong Wang (3); Qinghe Buluke (1153 m), 3-VII-2009, leg Xinlei Huang (1); Qinghe Takeshiken Buergen, 26-VI-2014, leg Chunyan Jiang (2); Qinghe Talatecun, 29-VI-2014, leg Chunyan Jiang (1); Rouzi Hetian (1050m), 5-VI-1958, leg Changqing Li (1); Shanshan (22-350 m), 20-V-1958, leg Changqing Li (2); Shufu (1200 m), 5-VII-1959, leg Changqing Li (3); same data, 5-VII-1959 (1); Tacheng County (46°53’N; 86°23’E, 1239 m), 3-VII-2014, leg Chunyan Jiang (4); VIII-1956, leg Weiyi Yang (1); Tulufan (20-140 m), 23-V-1958, leg Changqing Li (3); Tulufan (40 m), 29-VI-1958, leg Changqing Li (7); Tulufan, 30- VI-1956 (1); Tuokexun (76 m), 20-VI-1958, leg Guang Wang (1); Weili (1000 m), 12-VII-1958, leg Changqing Li (2); Xiaotakete, 9-VI-1956, leg Weiyi Yang (1); Yan qi (1060 m), 7-VI-1957, leg Weiyi Yang (1); Yan qi (950-1170 m), 7-VIII-1958, leg Changqing Li (5); Ziniquan, 9-VI-1957, leg Chunpei Hong (5); same data, 10-VI-1957, leg Zhibang Lu (1); same data, 12-VI-1957, leg Chunpei Hong (1); same data, 12-VI-1957, leg Weiyi Yang (3); same data, 12-VI-1957, leg Zhibang Lu (1); 23-V-1963 (1). Redescription. Length 2.00– 2.60 mm (Fig. 39–42). Integument blackish brown except for reddish antennae and legs; on dorsum densely covered with narrow, moderately elongate, rectangular to subelliptical yellowish to grayish scales, sometimes paler on interstria 1 and sides of elytra. Rostrum (Fig. 163–166) distinctly attenuate in distal half (Rl/Rw 3.75–4.67 in male, 4.85–5.00 in female; Rl/Pl 0.82–0.90 in male, 0.88–0.94 in female). Antennal funicle 7-segmented. Eyes convex, distinctly prominent. Pronotum transverse (Pw/Pl 1.14–1.25), with slightly curved sides, widest in front of middle, somewhat convex. Elytra suboval (El/Ew 1.32–1.39; Ew/Pw 1.23–1.35), with moderately rounded sides, widest in basal half, somewhat convex. Femora (Fig. 265–266) with indistinct tooth, profemora of male with fringe of hair-like scales. Protibiae (Fig. 318) without sexual characters. Claws with robust medial teeth, as long as 2/3 of claw. Male genitalia: body of penis (Fig. 375) narrow, nearly parallel-sided or slightly enlarged from base to apex, narrowed only until near apex, with indistinct tip (Fig. 408), as long as apodeme. Female genitalia: spermatheca (Fig. 440) small, stout, with small ramus perpendicular to nodulus, short collum continuing with cornu to apex; spiculum ventrale (Fig. 466) spaced at basal quarter, then narrowed. Remarks and comparative notes. This species is very closely related to and easily confused with T. medicaginis, apart from relevant differences in the genitalia. External distinguishing characters are the profemur of T. aureolus males being fringed with white scales and the rostrum of the female tapered in lateral view. Biology. This species feeds on Medicago such as M. sativa L., M. falcata L. and M. prostrata Jacq., the first two species introduced in China. It was also collected on Melilotus and Trifolium spp. but these records need to be confirmed. We have one specimen labeled as collected on Glycyrrhiza uralensis, however, we believe this association to be incidental. Distribution. Widely distributed in Europe and western and southern Asia. Reported also from Egypt. New record from China (GAN NMO JIA XIN)., Published as part of Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto & Zhang, Runzhi, 2020, The genus Tychius Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Curculioninae) in China, with description of three new species, pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4856 (1) on pages 20-21, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4856.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4411319, {"references":["Kiesenwetter, H. von (1852) Enumeration des coleopteres trouves dans le midi de la France et en Catalogne (IIe Partie). Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 9 (4), 577 - 656, pl. 11.","Franz, H. (1942) Vorarbeiten zu einer Monographie der Tychiini. IV. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Gattung Tychius Schonh. Arbeiten uber Morphologische und Taxonomische Entomologie, 9, 104 - 133 + 182 - 205 + 242 - 266.","Caldara, R. (1990) Revisione tassonomica delle specie paleartiche dei genere Tychius Germar (Coleoptera Curculionidae). Memorie della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e dei Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, 25, 51 - 218.","Brisout de Barneville, C. N. F. (1863) Methode dichotomique appliquee aux Tychius de France et description de quelques especes nouvelles des genres Tychius et Miccotrogus. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 2 (4), 756 - 780. [1862]"]}

35. Tychius crassifemoris (Bajtenov, 1977) (Figures 117–120, 123–124, 239–242, 305–306, 339, 351, 363, 396, 431, 457, 484) Lepidotychius crassifemoris Bajtenov, 1977: 161. Caldara, 1986: 188 (Tychius). Material examined. CHINA: Shaanxi: Yulin, Jingbian, Sidaohaize (37°40’N; 108°50’E, 1331 m), Hedysarum fruticosum var. mongolicum, 22-V-2019, leg Chunyan Jiang, Xiaoliang Yang (11); Jingbian, Niuyuqin desertification control farm (37°38’N; E108°32’, 1347 m), Hedysarum fruticosum var. mongolicum, 21-V-2019, leg Chunyan Jiang, Xiaoliang Yang (10); Jinjisha reservoir (37°37’N; 108°28’E, 1346 m), Medicago sativa, leg Chunyan Jiang, Xiaoliang Yang (20); Dingbian, Xukengcun (37°30’N; 107°52’E, 1412 m), Medicago sativa, leg Chunyan Jiang, Xiaoliang Yang (27); Hedysarum fruticosum var. mongolicum, 29-VII-1987 (1). Inner Mongolia: Otog Qianqi, Aozhen (38°9’N; 107°30’E; 1337 m), Hedysarum fruticosum var. mongolicum, 19-V-2019, leg Chunyan Jiang, Xiaoliang Yang (12); Dashatou (38°9’ N; 107°34’E, 1345 m), Hedysarum fruticosum var. mongolicum, 22-V-2019, leg Chunyan Jiang, Xiaoliang Yang (19); Chengchuan (37°53’N; 108°1’E, 1360 m), Hedysarum fruticosum var. mongolicum, 21-V-2019, leg Chunyan Jiang, Xiaoliang Yang (34). Redescription. Length 1.95–2.45 mm (Fig. 117–120). Dorsal integument completely hidden by very dense, distinctly overlapped, broad, rounded to oval, yellowish scales, irregularly arranged on elytral interstriae; striae visible, with a row of thin scales. Rostrum (Rl/Rw 3.91–4.27 in male, 4.09–5.00 in female; Rl/Pl 0.61–0.70 in male, 0.71–0.78 in female) (Fig. 239–242) in lateral view slightly curved in both sexes, poorly sexually dimorphic. Eyes slightly convex. Pronotum slightly longer than wide (Pw/Pl 1.04–1.10), with subrectilinear sides in basal half. Elytra (Ew/Pw 1.10–1.35; El/Ew 1.50–1.75) rectangular, elongate and with subrectilinear sides in basal 2/3. Abdomen in female: ventrite 5 with a deep median fovea and with apical part bisinuous and protruding at middle (Fig. 124); pygidium with two lateral protuberances at its apex. Femora (Fig. 305–306) unarmed, tibiae (Fig. 339) without sexual characters. Third tarsomere distinctly wider than second tarsomere (Fig. 351). Claws (Fig. 363) with small medial teeth, as long as 1/3 of claw, fastened to claw in basal half. Male genitalia: body of penis (Fig. 396) with sides distinctly narrowing in basal quarter then parallel-sided until near apex, with subacute tip (Fig. 431) in dorsal view, with apex in lateral view slightly upturned, as long as apodeme. Female genitalia: spermatheca (Fig. 457) with long parallel-sided ramus, short robust collum, moderately robust nodulus, cornu gradually narrowing to apex; spiculum ventrale (Fig. 484) with arms slightly spaced and convergent in basal half, then joined to apex. Remarks and comparative notes. Apart from the short and weakly sexually dimorphic rostrum, this species is distinctly different from all others by two unique characters in the female: pygidium with two lateral protuberances and ventrite 5 with a median deep fovea and the posterior margin sinuous and prominent in the middle (see fig. 123 vs fig. 124). Biology. Recently this species was collected on Hedysarum fruticosum Pall. var. mongolicum (Turcz) B. Fedtsch and Medicago sativa L.; we believe the latter association to be incidental. Distribution. This species was previously known from Russia (Siberia) and Mongolia. New record from China (NMO SHA). s Key to species of Chinese Tychius 1. Segments of antennal funicle, femora and tibiae almost completely hidden by recumbent to subrecumbent, subelliptical to subrounded scales (Fig. 215–218, 283–306, 327–339, 340–351). Spermatheca with base of ductus sclerotized (Fig. 448–457)................................................................................................... 2 - Segments of antennal funicle, femora and tibiae visible between subrecumbent to suberect seta-like scales or less elongate scales (Fig. 125–128, 243–282, 307–326). Spermatheca with ductus not sclerotized (Fig. 432–447)................... 13 2. Pronotum completely concealed by partly imbricate, recumbent, wide, subrounded scales with recumbent, seta-like scales intermixed (Fig. 73–100). Male pygidium with transverse ridge (Fig. 121)........................................ 3 - Vestiture of pronotum otherwise (Fig. 101–120). Male pygidium without transverse ridge (Fig. 122)................... 9 3. Upper margin of rostrum in lateral view distinctly curved in basal third (Fig. 212–222).............................. 4 - Upper margin of rostrum in lateral view almost straight in basal third (Fig. 198–210)................................ 6 4. Tooth at base of claw 2/3 as long as claw (Fig. 356–357). Rostra as in Fig. 211–218................................ 5 - Tooth at base of claw 1/3 as long as claw (Fig. 358). Rostra as in Fig. 219–222........................... 30 T. zhangi 5. Rostrum longer (Rl/Pl 0.85–0.93 in male, 0.90–0.97 in female), in lateral view distinctly tapered and slender from antennal insertion to apex especially in female (Fig. 212, 214); colour of vestiture on dorsum usually sulphur-yellow, more rarely grayish yellow (Fig. 89–92)....................................................................... 28 T. sulphureus - Rostrum shorter (Rl/Pl 0.83–0.84 in male, 0.82–0.85 in female), stout, in lateral view weakly tapered from antennal insertion to apex (Fig. 216, 218); colour of vestiture on dorsum grayish (Fig. 93–96).............................. 29 T. obrieni 6. Pronotum slightly curved at sides, distinctly narrower than elytra (Fig. 73, 75, 85, 88). Rostrum in lateral view slightly curved in apical 2/3, weakly sexually dimorphic (Fig. 195–198, 207–210).............................................. 7 - Pronotum distinctly curved at sides, slightly narrower than elytra (Fig. 77, 79, 81, 83). Rostrum in lateral view curved at antennal insertion, distinctly sexually dimorphic (Fig. 199–206)................................................ 8 7. Tooth at base of claw 1/3 as long as claw (Fig. 352). Third tarsomere distinctly wider than second tarsomere (Fig. 340)............................................................................................ 24 T. morawitzi - Tooth at base of claw 2/3 as long as claw (Fig. 355). Third tarsomere only moderately wider than second tarsomere (Fig. 343)...................................................................................... 27 T. tachengicus 8. Rostrum in dorsal view subparallel-sided or feebly enlarged in apical fourth, in lateral view distinctly narrowed at apex (Fig. 203–206).................................................................................. 26 T. urbanus - Rostrum in dorsal view narrowed in apical fourth, in lateral view subparallel-sided from antennal insertion to apex (Fig. 199–202).................................................................................. 25 T. winkleri 9. Pronotum covered with flat, rectangular to subelliptical scales (Fig. 105–108). Tooth at base of claw robust, as long as 2/3 length of claw (Fig. 360)......................................................................32 T. kaszabi - Pronotum covered with partly concave, round scales (Fig. 101–102, 109–120). Tooth at base of claw small, at most as long as 1/2 length of claw (Fig. 359, 361–363)................................................................... 10 10. Rostrum in lateral view strongly curved in both sexes, especially in female (Fig.232, 234)............... 33 T. gracilitubus - Rostrum in lateral view weakly curved................................................................... 11 11. Rostrum short (Rl/Pl 0.61–0.78), weakly sexually dimorphic (Fig. 239–242). Female with pygidium with two lateral protuberances and ventrite 5 with a median deep fovea and posterior margin sinuous and prominent at middle (Fig. 124)........................................................................................ 35. T. crassifemoris - Rostrum longer (Rl/Pl 0.77–1.03), distinctly sexually dimorphic (Fig. 223–224, 235–238). Female with pygidium and ventrite 5 without particular characters (Fig. 123)................................................................. 12 12. Rostrum nearly straight (Fig. 224) especially in female. Protibiae in male distinctly arcuate (Fig. 334).......31. T. bajtenovi - Rostrum more curved (Fig. 236–238) especially in female. Protibiae in male weakly arcuate (Fig. 338)..........................................................................................................34. hedysaricus 13. Scales on elytral interstriae 2–10 of two different forms, narrow and wide more or less intermixed (e.g. Fig. 13, 17, 25, 29).................................................................................................... 14 - Scales on elytral interstriae 2–10 uniform, from narrow to wide (e.g. Fig. 37, 39, 51, 67)............................ 22 14. Elytral interstriae completely concealed by dense, imbricate, broad, oval to elliptical or lanceolate scales, unevenly arranged, with sparse narrow lanceolate scales feebly raised in part. Body length mm> 4.00 mm.................. 3 T. herculeanus - Elytral vestiture otherwise. Body length usually T. longulus - Elytra subglobose, oval to suboval-oblong, with more or less rounded sides (e.g. Fig. 17–32)........................ 16 16 Funicle with six segments. Scales on interstriae and pronotum wide, oval (Fig. 11–14)............... 6. T. praescutellaris - Funicle with seven segments. Scales on dorsal vestiture sometimes narrow at least in part........................... 17 17. Broad scales on elytral interstriae numerous and uniformly arranged throughout. Scales of middle row narrow, about 1/3–1/2 width of those on other rows on interstriae (Fig. 29–32)............................................... 12 T. ovalis - Broad scales on elytral interstriae very sparse or at least covering only a portion of interstriae (e.g. Fig. 17–28).......... 18 18. Third tarsomere only slightly wider than second................................................ 10 T. thompsoni - Third tarsomere distinctly wider than second.............................................................. 19 19. Integument partly exposed between narrow hair-like scales (Fig. 25–28)................................ 11 T. perrinae - Integument almost completely hidden by wider rectangular scales (Fig. 7–10, 17–24).............................. 20 20. Narrow scales on dorsum, femora and tibiae white and red (Fig. 7–10)................................. 4 T. uralensis - Narrow scales on dorsum and legs unicolorous to feebly bicoloured (Fig. 17–24).................................. 21 21. Eyes flat. Rostrum generally shorter especially in female (Rl/Pl 0.90–1.00 in male, 0.94–1.06 in female) (Fig. 145–148)................................................................................................9 T. oriens - Eyes slightly prominent. Rostrum generally longer especially in female (Rl/Pl 0.90–1.15 in male, 1.08–1.25 in female) (Fig. 141–144)..................................................................................... 8 T. tectus 22. Body length> 2.90mm................................................................................ 23 - Body length T. albolineatus - Eyes slightly prominent to flat. Pronotum and elytra with slightly to moderately rounded sides. Profemur of male without fringe of long hairs........................................................................................ 24 24. Pronotum with moderately rounded sides, not subconical (Fig. 15–16). Eyes moderately prominent (Fig. 139–140). Protibia without tooth in male (Fig. 311)..................................................................7 T. hauseri - Pronotum with nearly rectilinear sides, subconical (Fig. 5–6). Eyes flat (Fig. 129–130). Protibia with tooth in male..................................................................................................2 T. rufirostris 25. Eyes completely flat (Fig. 179–182, 187–190)............................................................. 26 - Eyes more or less prominent........................................................................... 27 26. Rostrum in lateral view regularly curved at base and gradually tapered in apical part (Fig. 188, 190). Sides of pronotum curved (Fig. 63–66). Scales on elytra wide. Protibia without tooth on inner margin in male (Fig. 325)............22 T. breviusculus - Rostrum in lateral view strongly curved at base and markedly tapered in apical part (Fig. 180, 182). Sides of pronotum subparallel in basal half (Fig. 55–58). Protibia with tooth on inner margin in male (Fig. 322–323).............19 T. meliloti 27. Scales of elytral interstriae oval to subelliptical, often elongate but never hair-like, concealing integument.............. 28 - Scales of elytral interstriae narrow, usually hair-like leaving integument a little visible.............................. 33 28 Rostrum short and stout (Rl/Pl 0.73–0.83 in male, 0.77–0.87 in female) (Fig. 175–178)................. 18 T. crassirostris - Rostrum longer and thinner (e.g. Fig. 157–174)............................................................ 29 29 Scales on striae wide, nearly of same width as those on interstriae (Fig. 35–38)............................ 14 T. flavus - Scales on striae hair-like, usually thinner than those on interstriae (Fig. 33–34, 39–50).............................. 30 30. Elytra with scales of interstriae broad, distinctly wider than scales covering striae (Fig. 33–34)...........13 T. squamulatus - Elytra with scales of interstriae elongate, slightly wider than scales covering striae (Fig. 39–50)...................... 31 31. Rostrum in lateral view distinctly flattened in apical portion (Fig. 164, 166, 172, 174).............................. 32 - Rostrum in lateral view cylindrical or gradually flattened in apical portion (Fig. 168, 170)............... 16 T. medicaginis 32. Elytra oblong-oval (Fig. 39–42). Profemora in male with fringe of scales (Fig. 265)....................... 15 T. aureolus - Elytra short-oval (Fig. 47–50), heart-shaped. Profemora in male without fringe of scales (Fig. 269)..........17 T. junceus 33 Funicle with six segments.................................................................. 23 T. picirostris - Funicle with seven segments........................................................................... 34 34. Rostrum in lateral view gradually tapered in apical portion (Fig. 184, 186). Vestiture on elytral interstriae denser (Fig. 59–62)............................................................................................20 T. vossi - Rostrum in lateral view distinctly flattened in apical portion. Vestiture on elytral interstriae sparse..........21 T. kerulensis, Published as part of Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto & Zhang, Runzhi, 2020, The genus Tychius Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Curculioninae) in China, with description of three new species, pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4856 (1) on pages 38-49, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4856.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4411319, {"references":["Bajtenov, M. S. (1977) Tychiinae (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) aus der Mongolei. Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationali Hungarici, 69, 159 - 163.","Caldara, R. (1986) Revisione dei Tychius precedentemente inclusi in Lepidotychius (n. syn.) (Coleoptera Curculionidae). Atti della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, 127, 141 - 194."]}

4. Tychius uralensis Pic, 1902 (Figures 7–10, 131–134, 247–248, 309, 366, 399, 433, 459) Tychius uralensis Pic, 1902: 142. Franz, 1942: 261. Caldara, 1990: 108. Material examined. CHINA: Beijing: Badaling (700 m), 18-V-1979 (1); same data, 20-IV-1989 (1); same data, on Caragana sinica, 21-V-1964, leg Wenzhen Ma (3); Xiangshan, on Caragana sinica, 8-V-1963, leg Tiesheng Li (5); same data, 5-V-1964, leg Wenzhen Ma (4). Redescription. Length 3.30–4.10 mm (Fig. 7–10). Integument blackish except for brownish apical half of rostrum, antennae, and legs; on dorsum, covered with elongate subrectangular scales and wide subelliptical scales; on elytra elongate scales mostly reddish brown and at sides partly whitish; on femora and tibiae white and brown scales intermixed; wide scales white and more abundant at base and in apical half of odd interstriae. Rostrum (Fig. 131–134) thin, especially in female, moderately long (Rl/Rw 4.07–4.23 in male, 4.80–5.00 in female; Rl/Pl 0.90– 1.05 in male, 1.00– 1.10 in female), in dorsal view with sides slightly convergent from base to apex. Antennal funicle 7-segmented. Eyes slightly prominent. Pronotum transverse (Pw/Pl 1.19–1.40), with subparallel sides in basal half, widest in basal third. Elytra oblong oval, distinctly wider than pronotum (El/Ew 1.45–1.54 in female; Ew/Pw 1.41– 1.51), with rectilinear sides and widest in basal half, convex. Femora (Fig. 247–248), especially metafemora, with distinct tooth; profemora in male with indistinct fringe of white scales. Tibiae (Fig. 309) without sexual characters. Third tarsomere distinctly wider than second tarsomere. Claws with robust medial teeth, as long as half of claw. Male genitalia: body of penis (Fig. 366) short, in dorsal view almost parallel at sides, gradually narrowing toward apex with subacute tip (Fig. 399), in lateral view strongly curved at a right angle toward apex. Female genitalia: spermatheca (Fig. 433) with long ramus gradually narrowing at sides, distinct collum, robust nodulus and robust cornu gradually narrowing to apex; spiculum ventrale (Fig. 459) with arms joined in basal third, then slightly divergent and parallel-sided to apex. Remarks and comparative notes. The habitus of this species is very peculiar, although it lacks unique character states. It is unclear to which other Palearctic species T. uralensis is more closely related. Biology. This species was collected on Caragana frutex (L.) K. Koch (Karasjov 1994). We have studied some specimens collected on C. sinica (Buc’hoz) Rehder. Distribution. This species, distributed in north-eastern Europe, Siberia and Afghanistan, was already reported from northern China (BEI HEB)., Published as part of Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto & Zhang, Runzhi, 2020, The genus Tychius Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Curculioninae) in China, with description of three new species, pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4856 (1) on pages 10-11, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4856.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4411319, {"references":["Pic. M. (1902) Notes et diagnoses sur divers Tychiini. Bulletin de la Societe d'Histoire Naturelle d'Autun, 15, 139 - 148.","Franz, H. (1942) Vorarbeiten zu einer Monographie der Tychiini. IV. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Gattung Tychius Schonh. Arbeiten uber Morphologische und Taxonomische Entomologie, 9, 104 - 133 + 182 - 205 + 242 - 266.","Caldara, R. (1990) Revisione tassonomica delle specie paleartiche dei genere Tychius Germar (Coleoptera Curculionidae). Memorie della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e dei Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, 25, 51 - 218."]}

18. Tychius crassirostris Kirsch, 1871 (Figures 51–54, 175–178, 271–272, 321, 378, 411, 443, 469) Tychius crassirostris Kirsch, 1871: 48. Franz, 1942: 127. Caldara, 1990: 177. Tychius auliensis Pic, 1902: 145. Caldara, 1990: 177. Material examined. CHINA: Beijing: Haidian Shangzhuan Cuihu Park, 16-VII-2008, leg Zhiliang Wang (1). Heilongjiang: Yalujiang, 20-VI-1943 (4). Liaoning: Anshan Qianshan, 9-V-1963, leg Hongxing Li (1); Shenyang Dongling, Medicago sp., 27-V-1963, leg Hongxing Li (9). Shanxi: Wutaishan Nanshansi (1800 m), 10-VI-1964 (1); Wutaishan Zhenhaisi (1800 m), 14-VI-1964, leg Tiesheng Li (1). Xinjiang: Qinghe Takeshiken Buergen (46°10’N; 90°48’E, 1111 m), 28-VII-2013, leg Chunyan Jiang (1); Qinghe Talaticun, 26-VI-2014, leg Chunyan Jiang (1). Redescription. Length 2.15–2.50 mm (Fig. 51–54). Integument brown; on dorsum completely covered with moderately narrow, subelliptical to subrectangular grayish scales irregularly arranged on elytral interstriae; scales on elytral striae only slightly longer. Rostrum (Fig. 175–178) markedly stout (Rl/Rw 3.63–3.76 in male, 4.00– 4.06 in female; Rl/Pl 0.73–0.83 in male, 0.77–0.87 in female), in lateral view abruptly tapered at apical third. Antennal funicle 7-segmented. Eyes large, weakly prominent. Pronotum slightly transverse (Pw/Pl 1.11–1.24), with slightly curved sides in basal half. Elytra oblong (Ew/Pw 1.21–1.36; El/Ew 1.40–1.55), slightly rounded from base, wider in basal half. Metafemora (Fig. 272) with small sharp tooth. In male profemora (Fig. 271) with fringe of seta-like scales. Protibiae (Fig. 321) with long setae, without sexual characters. Claws with robust medial teeth, as long as half of claw. Male genitalia: body of penis (Fig. 378) with slightly sinuous sides, narrowing only until near apex ending in a subacute tip (Fig. 411), distinctly curved in lateral view, nearly as long as apodeme. Female genitalia: spermatheca (Fig. 443) with small short ramus, short stout collum, robust nodulus and robust cornu only slightly narrowed at apex; spiculum ventrale (Fig. 469) with poorly sclerotized large arms joined at base, then thin distinctly sclerotized and moderately spaced, finally newly almost joined at apex. Remarks and comparative notes. The main feature which allows separation of this species from the others of its group, and especially from those having the rostrum distinctly attenuate in the apical half, T. junceus, T. aureolus and T. flavus, is the stout rostrum in both sexes as well as the shape of the male genitalia. Biology. This species feeds on Melilotus (M. officinalis G. G., M. macrorhiza Pers., M. alba Lam.) and possibly also on Medicago (M. sativa L., M. falcata L.) (Caldara, 1990), all species which are distributed in China. Distribution. This species is widely distributed in Europe (except for the northern countries) and western and central Asia. New record from China (BEI HEI LIA SHX XIN)., Published as part of Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto & Zhang, Runzhi, 2020, The genus Tychius Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Curculioninae) in China, with description of three new species, pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4856 (1) on page 22, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4856.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4411319, {"references":["Kirsch, T. F. W. (1871) Tychius crassirostris Kirsch n. sp. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift, 15, 48. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnd. 18710150112","Franz, H. (1942) Vorarbeiten zu einer Monographie der Tychiini. IV. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Gattung Tychius Schonh. Arbeiten uber Morphologische und Taxonomische Entomologie, 9, 104 - 133 + 182 - 205 + 242 - 266.","Caldara, R. (1990) Revisione tassonomica delle specie paleartiche dei genere Tychius Germar (Coleoptera Curculionidae). Memorie della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e dei Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, 25, 51 - 218.","Pic. M. (1902) Notes et diagnoses sur divers Tychiini. Bulletin de la Societe d'Histoire Naturelle d'Autun, 15, 139 - 148."]}

10. Tychius thompsoni Caldara, 1990 Tychius thompsoni Caldara, 1990: 136. Material examined. Holotype female labelled “ Tibet, Kyishong 14,500 ft 10.VII.1924 leg. Hingston ” (British Museum of Natural History) described by Caldara (1990). Redescription. (from Caldara 1990). Female. Length 2.80 mm. Integument blackish brown except for reddish apical two thirds of rostrum, antennae and legs; on dorsum hidden by elongate hair-like whitish and light brown scales (former more numerous at midline of pronotum and sides of elytra); wide subelliptical white scales covering interstria 1 and interspersed on other interstriae and sides of pronotum but absent on legs. Rostrum (Rl/Pl 0.93) in lateral view distinctly curved at base then almost straight and of same width to apex. Antennal funicle 7-segmented. Eyes nearly flat. Pronotum subrectangular (Pw/Pl 1.17), with rectilinear sides, weakly convex. Elytra suboval (El/ Ew 1.35), with slightly rounded sides from base, widest between basal and middle third (Ew/Pw 1.29). Legs without sexual characters. Femora unarmed. Claws with robust medial teeth, as long as half of claw. Genitalia not examined. Male unknown. Remarks and comparative notes. This species is known only from the female holotype, studied by Caldara (1990). It is related to T. oriens and T. perrinae. From the former it differs by a longer rostrum, the third tarsomere being only slightly wider than the second, and less dense vestiture. Biology. No data are available. Distribution. The single known specimen was collected in Southwest China (Tibet, Kyishong) at about 4400 m during an Everest expedition organized by the British Museum of Natural History., Published as part of Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto & Zhang, Runzhi, 2020, The genus Tychius Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Curculioninae) in China, with description of three new species, pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4856 (1) on page 15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4856.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4411319, {"references":["Caldara, R. (1990) Revisione tassonomica delle specie paleartiche dei genere Tychius Germar (Coleoptera Curculionidae). Memorie della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e dei Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, 25, 51 - 218."]}

Tychius quinquepunctatus (Linnaeus, 1758) group Remarks. The species of this group are well characterized by a robust body, the rostrum in lateral view distinctly tapered from antennal insertion to apex, globose and prominent eyes, pronotum usually somewhat transverse and distinctly constricted at its apex, elytra distinctly convex and metafemora with robust tooth., Published as part of Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto & Zhang, Runzhi, 2020, The genus Tychius Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Curculioninae) in China, with description of three new species, pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4856 (1) on page 8, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4856.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4411319

7. Tychius hauseri Faust, 1889 (Figures 15–16, 139–140, 251–252, 311, 368, 401). Tychius hauseri Faust, 1889: 133. Franz, 1942: 261. Caldara, 1990: 130. Material examined. CHINA: Shanxi: Wutaixian Beigaohongkou, 1000 m, 3-VI-1964, leg Tiesheng Li (1). Redescription. Length 2.7–3.5 mm (Fig. 15–16). Integument dark brown except for reddish rostrum, antennae and legs; on dorsum with moderately dense and compact, elongate scales white to gray and pale to dark brown; suboval white scales covering lateral and middle of pronotum, elytral interstriae 1 and 7. Rostrum (Fig. 139– 140) markedly curved especially at antennal insertion (Rl/Rw 4.00–4.10, Rl/Pl 0.78–0.86 in male; Rl/Rw 4.12– 4.20, Rl/Pl 0.90–0.97 in female), striated on dorsum. Antennal funicle 7-segmented. Eyes slightly prominent. Pronotum subrectangular (Pw/Pl 1.15–1.20), with subrectilinear sides in basal half, weakly convex on dorsum. Elytra subrectangular (El/Ew 1.30–1.52), wider at base than pronotum (Ew/Pw 1.28–1.35). Femora (Fig. 251–252) unarmed. Profemora and protibiae (Fig. 311) without sexual characters. Claws with robust medial teeth, as long as half of claw. Male genitalia: body of penis (Fig. 368) short and wide, nearly parallel-sided, slightly narrowed until near apex, with blunted tip (Fig. 401), apodemes slightly longer than body of penis. Female genitalia (Caldara 1990): spermatheca with parallel-sided short ramus, short robust collum, robust nodulus and robust cornu narrowed in apical portion; spiculum ventrale with arms joined at basal half, then slightly divergent. Remarks and comparative notes. This species can be distinguished from the other species of this group known from China by the broad white scales arranged on the elytra only on interstriae 1 and 7 and not interspersed on the other interstriae. Biology. No data are available. Distribution. Previously known only from the southern part of Russia. New record from China (North China: SHX)., Published as part of Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto & Zhang, Runzhi, 2020, The genus Tychius Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Curculioninae) in China, with description of three new species, pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4856 (1) on pages 12-13, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4856.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4411319, {"references":["Faust, J. (1889) Neue Russelkafer von Alka-Kul. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, 129 - 140. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnd. 48018890119","Franz, H. (1942) Vorarbeiten zu einer Monographie der Tychiini. IV. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Gattung Tychius Schonh. Arbeiten uber Morphologische und Taxonomische Entomologie, 9, 104 - 133 + 182 - 205 + 242 - 266.","Caldara, R. (1990) Revisione tassonomica delle specie paleartiche dei genere Tychius Germar (Coleoptera Curculionidae). Memorie della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e dei Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, 25, 51 - 218."]}

12. Tychius ovalis Roelofs, 1875 (Figures 29–32, 153–156, 259–260, 315, 372, 405, 438, 464) Tychius ovalis Roelofs, 1875: 171. Caldara, 1990: 142. Neotychius kaszabi Bajtenov, 1977: 159. Caldara, 1990: 142 (Tychius). Material examined. CHINA: Beijing: Badaling, 8-IX-1980, leg Subai Liao (1); same data, 20-VI-1963, leg Tiesheng Li (1); same data, 24-VII-1963, leg Tiesheng Li (1); same data, 29-8-1975, leg Yuanqing Chen (1); Badaling (570 m), 6-VIII-1962 (1); Changling, 30-VIII-1957 (2); Changling Xigou, 25-VII-1972 (1); Juyongguan (600 m), 20-V-1964, leg Tiesheng Li (1); Mentougou Liyuanling, 26-29-VIII-1999, leg Xiaodong Yu (2); Sanpu (600 m), 17-VIII-1964, leg Tiesheng Li (2); same data, 18-VIII-1964, leg Tiesheng Li (1); same data, 19-VIII- 1964, leg Tiesheng Li (1); same data, 21-V-1964, leg Tiesheng Li (1); same data, 22-VIII-1964, leg Tiesheng Li (1); Shangfangshan, 25-VII-1972, leg Yuanqing Chen (1); Shisanling, 30-VIII-1957 (1); Xiangshan, 11-VIII-1972 (1); same data, 14-IX-1964, leg Subai Liao (2); same data, 15-VIII-1967, leg Shuyong Wang; Xiangshan, 21- V-1964, leg Subai Liao (1); Xiangshan, 22-VII-1972, leg Wenzhen Ma (1); same data, 30-V-1964, leg Tiesheng Li (1); 31-VIII-1972 (1); Xiangshan (600 m), 17-VIII-1964, leg Tiesheng Li (9); same data, 18-VIII-1964, leg Tiesheng Li (1); same data, 19-VIII-1964, leg Tiesheng Li (13); same data, 21-VIII-1964, leg Tiesheng Li (4); same data, 22-VIII-1964, leg Tiesheng Li (4); Xibeiwang, 4-VIII-1958 (6); Yanqing, 4-VII-1973, leg Peiyan Zhou (1). Hebei: Weixian Baile (920 m), 1-IX-1964, leg Yinheng Han (1); Xiaowutaishan (1500 m), 08-VIII-1964, leg Bingqian Li (3); same data, 10-VIII-1964, leg Bingqian Li (3); same data, 25-VIII-1964, leg Bingqian Li (2); same data, 28-VIII-1964, leg Bingqian Li (32); Xiaowutaishan Beitai (1500-2700 m), 16-VIII-1964, leg Bingqian Li (1); Xiaowutaishan Huichuan (1400m), 14-VII-1964, leg Bingqian Li (1); same data, 16-VII-1964 (1); same data, 28- VI-1964 (1); same data, 14-VII-1964 (1); Weixian Baile (920 m), 3-VIII-1964, leg Yinheng Han (1); Zhangjiakou, Huailai, Xiaonanxinpu, dingzhouying (40°20’N; 115°44’E, 497m), 19-VI-2019, leg Run Zhou (1). Heilongjiang: Haerbin, 18-VI-1951 (1). Hunan: Shimenhu Pingshan (1500m), 29-VI-1987 (1). Inner Mongolia: Humeng Zhaqi, 17-VIII-1986, leg Shi Guo (1); Keerqin Menggehanshan, 1960 (1); Ximeng Abahanaerqi, 23-VII-1972 (5). Jiangxi: Wugongshan, 25-VII-1955, leg Zhongshan Lu (1); 1960 (1). Jilin: Jilin Beishan, 25-VI-1963, leg Hongxing Li (1). Shaanxi: Shangluo Shanyang Chengguan Xiaodonggou (33°36’N; 109°53’E, 893 m), 7-VIII-2014, leg Chunyan Jiang (1); same data, 6-VIII-2014 (1); Ankang Xunyang Bailiu Qianping (32°56’N; 109°18’E, 580 m), 3-VIII-2014, leg Chunyan Jiang (1). Shanxi: Wutai Shiju (1200 m), 7-VI-1964, leg Tiesheng Li (1). Redescription. Length 1.90–2.35 mm (Fig. 29–32). Integument blackish brown except for reddish apical half of rostrum, antennae and legs; on dorsum densely covered with whitish to light brown scales arranged in doubletriple row on elytral interstriae and seta-like brown scales in single median row. Rostrum (Fig. 153–156) slightly curved (Rl/Rw 4.33–4.38 in male, 4.63–4.69 in female; Rl/Pl 0.80–0.93 in male, 0.90–1.00 in female), moderately tapered from base to apex. Antennal funicle 7-segmented. Eyes convex, distinctly prominent. Pronotum transverse (Pw/Pl 1.13–1.28), with weakly rounded sides in basal half, widest at middle. Elytra oval (El/Ew 1.20–1.33; Ew/Pw 1.27–1.42), with somewhat rounded sides from base, widest in basal half. Femora (Fig. 259–260) with indistinct tooth. Profemora and protibiae (Fig. 315) without sexual characters. Claws with robust medial teeth, as long as 3/4 of claw. Male genitalia: body of penis (Fig. 372) slightly constricted at middle, narrowed only until near apex, with blunted tip (Fig. 405), as long as half of apodeme. Female genitalia: spermatheca (Fig. 438) with indistinct ramus and collum, robust nodus, robust cornu narrowed until near apex; spiculum ventrale (Fig. 464) with arms joined from base to apex. Remarks and comparative notes. This species was placed in a monobasic group by Caldara (1990) based on the shape of the male genitalia, mainly due to the uncommonly long apophysis of the penis and the spermatheca possessing indistinct ramus and collum. It seems to be one of the most common species in the oriental Palearctic countries, where it is easily distinguishable from the other species by its small size, notwithstanding genitalia, combined with the pattern of the elytral vestiture. Biology. No data are available. Distribution. Widely distributed throughout eastern Asia (Siberia, Mongolia, Korea, Japan) including China (FUJ GUX HEB SHX TIA); new records from Northeast China (HEI JIL NMO), North China (BEI), East China (JIX), Central China (HUN) and Northwest China (SHA)., Published as part of Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto & Zhang, Runzhi, 2020, The genus Tychius Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Curculioninae) in China, with description of three new species, pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4856 (1) on pages 16-17, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4856.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4411319, {"references":["Roelofs, W. (1875) Curculionides recueillis au Japon par M. G. Lewis. Deuxieme partie. [Cont.] Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 17 (2), 149 - 176.","Caldara, R. (1990) Revisione tassonomica delle specie paleartiche dei genere Tychius Germar (Coleoptera Curculionidae). Memorie della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e dei Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, 25, 51 - 218.","Bajtenov, M. S. (1977) Tychiinae (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) aus der Mongolei. Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationali Hungarici, 69, 159 - 163."]}

30. Tychius zhangi Jiang & Caldara n. sp. Zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 0E8C0D6B-E580-43DE-990F-5DC4A26695DC (Figures 97–100, 219–222, 295–296, 333, 346, 358, 389, 425, 453, 480) Material examined. Holotype, male, CHINA: Xinjiang: Tulufan, (20–140 m), 24-VI-1958, leg Guang Wang (IOZCAS). Paratypes, same data as holotype (2 IOZCAS); Jiashi (1160 m), 20-VI-1959, leg Afu Tian (1 IOZCAS); Hejing, 26-VII-1958, leg Changqing Li (1 IOZCAS). Diagnostic description. Length 1.90–2.50 mm (Fig. 97–100). Vestiture on dorsum grayish unicolorous. Rostrum (Fig. 219–222) moderately long, poorly sexually dimorphic, slightly longer in female than in male (Rl/Rw 5.30–5.50 in male, 7.00– 7.50 in female; Rl/Pl 0.88–0.92 in male, 0.93–0.94 in female), thin, in lateral view curved at base, then almost straight to apex. Pronotum (Pw/Pl 1.10–1.17) with slightly rounded sides from base to apex, slightly wider than long. Elytra suboval (Ew/Pw 1.26–1.36; El/Ew 1.50–1.69), with slightly rounded sides in basal half. Femora (Fig. 295–296) unarmed, tibiae (Fig. 333) without sexual characters. Third tarsomere moderately wider than second tarsomere (Fig. 346). Claws (Fig. 358) with small medial teeth as long as 1/3 of claw, separated from claw from base. Male genitalia: body of penis (Fig. 389) in dorsal view moderately large, parallel-sided near to apex, with acutely pointed apex (Fig. 425), in lateral view strongly curved and very subtle, nearly as long as apodeme. Female genitalia: spermatheca see Fig. 453; spiculum ventrale (Fig. 480) with thin arms spaced in basal third but distinctly narrowing to middle, then completely joined to apex. Remarks and comparative notes. This species is closely related to T. tachengicus and T. sulphureus. Tychius zhangi differs by the rostrum of both sexes being longer and that of the female in lateral view of the same width from the antennal insertion to the apex and not distinctly narrowed. The medial teeth of the claw are distinctly smaller and shorter than in the other two species. Finally, the body of the penis in dorsal view is moderately large, parallelsided near to apex, with acutely pointed apex, in lateral view strongly curved and very subtle, nearly as long as an apodeme. Etymology. The name of this species is the family name of our corresponding author Prof. Runzhi Zhang. We would like to thank him for supporting our work in weevil taxonomy. Biology. No data are available. Distribution. China (XIN), Published as part of Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto & Zhang, Runzhi, 2020, The genus Tychius Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Curculioninae) in China, with description of three new species, pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4856 (1) on pages 32-33, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4856.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4411319

28. Tychius sulphureus Faust, 1881 (Figures 89–92, 211–214, 291–292, 331, 344, 356, 387, 422, 451, 478) Tychius sulphureus Faust, 1881: 325. Caldara, 1986: 180. Tychius conformis Faust, 1885: 184. Caldara, 1986: 180. Material examined. CHINA: Xinjiang: Hejinghu (1000–1100 m), 21-VIII-2008, leg Xingmin Wang, Xiaosheng Wang (1); Manasi (380 m), 1-VI-1957, leg Chunpei Hong (1); Tacheng, Alhagi sparsifolia, 24-VI-1984, leg Jiahu Fu (4); Tulufan, (20–140 m), 24-VI-1958, leg Guang Wang (4). Redescription. Length 1.75–2.10 mm (Fig. 89–92). Vestiture on dorsum usually sulphur-yellow. Rostrum (Fig. 211–214) at base strongly curved (Rl/Rw 4.17–4.33 in male, 5.18–5.73 in female; Rl/Pl 0.85–0.93 in male, 0.90–0.97 in female), slender from antennal insertion to apex especially in female. Pronotum (Pw/Pl 1.06–1.17) subparallel-sided from base to distal third, slightly wider than long. Elytra suboval (El/Ew 1.38–1.53, Ew/Pw 1.35–1.50), parallel-sided in basal two thirds. Femora (Fig. 291–292) unarmed, tibiae (Fig. 331) without sexual characters. Third tarsomere distinctly wider than second tarsomere (Fig. 344). Claws (Fig. 356) with robust medial teeth as long as 2/3 length of claw, fastened to claw in basal half. Male genitalia: body of penis (Fig. 387) elongate, subparallel-sided in dorsal view, until near apex, then gradually narrowing, with subacute tip (Fig. 422), a little longer than apodeme. Female genitalia: spermatheca see Fig. 451; spiculum ventrale (Fig. 478) with arms almost joined for their entire length. Remarks and comparative notes. This species, closely related to T. franzi and T. tachengicus (see Remarks of this species), is usually characterized by the colour of the dorsal vestiture, which is sulphur yellow (rarely light yellow) and the shape of the rostrum, being distinctly curved at its base, distinctly tapered in its apical half and long, especially in the female, and by the shape of the penis. Biology. This species is reported as living on Alhagi sp. (Karasjov 1994). We collected some specimens from A. sparsifolia Shap. Distribution. As with the previous taxon, this species was known from south European Russia and western to central Asia. New record from China (XIN)., Published as part of Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto & Zhang, Runzhi, 2020, The genus Tychius Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Curculioninae) in China, with description of three new species, pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4856 (1) on pages 29-32, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4856.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4411319, {"references":["Faust, J. (1881) Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Kafer des europaischen und asiatischen Russlands mit Einschluss der Kusten des Kaspischen Meeres. (3. Fortsetzung). Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae, 16 (3 - 4), 285 - 333.","Caldara, R. (1986) Revisione dei Tychius precedentemente inclusi in Lepidotychius (n. syn.) (Coleoptera Curculionidae). Atti della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, 127, 141 - 194.","Faust, J. (1885) Turkestanische Russelkafer. Entomologische Zeitung, Stettin, 46, 149 - 202. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnd. 48018850118"]}

26. Tychius urbanus Faust, 1885 (Figures 81–84, 203–206, 287–288, 329, 342, 354, 385, 420, 449, 476) Tychius urbanus Faust, 1885: 184. Caldara, 1986: 179. Lepidotychius urbanus desertus Franz, 1940: 14. Caldara, 1986: 179 (Tychius) Material examined. CHINA: Xinjiang: Shache (1280m), 7-VI-1959, leg Changqing Li (1); Tulufan (20–140 m), 24- VI-1958, leg Guang Wang (3); Shanshan (22–550 m), 20-VI-1958, leg Changqing Li (1); Tuokexun, 21-VI-1955 (1). Redescription. Length 2.10–2.70 mm (Fig. 81–84). Vestiture on dorsum uniformly grayish to pale brown, paler on interstria 1 and sides of elytra. Rostrum (Fig. 203–206) curved (Rl/Rw 4.50–5.21 in male, 5.20–5.23 in female; Rl/Pl 0.84–0.90 in male, 0.92–0.98 in female), at apex subparallel-sided in dorsal view and tapered in lateral view, distinctly sexually dimorphic. Pronotum (Pw/Pl 1.10–1.20) curved at sides from base to apex, narrower than elytra (Ew/Pw 1.21–1.42). Elytra suboval (El/Ew 1.27–1.50). Femora (Fig. 287–288) unarmed, tibiae (Fig. 329) without sexual characters. Third tarsomere wider than second tarsomere (Fig. 342). Claws (Fig. 354) with small medial teeth as long as half of claw, fastened to claw in basal half. Male genitalia: body of penis (Fig. 385) stout at basal 2/3, narrow at apex (Fig. 420), nearly as long as apodeme. Female genitalia: spermatheca see Fig. 449; spiculum ventrale (Fig. 476) with thin arms spaced in basal third but distinctly narrowing to middle, then completely joined to apex. Remarks and comparative notes. This species is distinguishable from the other Chinese species of the group by the shape of the rostrum and especially by the pronotum which has more curved sides especially towards the base. Biology. This species lives on Alhagi pseudalhagi (M. Bieb.) Desv. ex B. Keller & Shap. in Central Asia (Karasjov 1994). Distribution. This species was previously known from Egypt and western to central Asia. New record from China (XIN)., Published as part of Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto & Zhang, Runzhi, 2020, The genus Tychius Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Curculioninae) in China, with description of three new species, pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4856 (1) on page 28, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4856.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4411319, {"references":["Faust, J. (1885) Turkestanische Russelkafer. Entomologische Zeitung, Stettin, 46, 149 - 202. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnd. 48018850118","Caldara, R. (1986) Revisione dei Tychius precedentemente inclusi in Lepidotychius (n. syn.) (Coleoptera Curculionidae). Atti della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, 127, 141 - 194.","Franz, H. (1940) Vorarbeiten zu einer Monographie der Tychiini. II. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Gattung Lepidotychius Penecke. Mitteilungen der Munchner Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 30, 4 - 23."]}

9. Tychius oriens A. Hoffmann, 1964 (Figures 21–24, 145–148, 255–256, 313, 370, 403, 436, 462) Tychius oriens A. Hoffmann, 1964: 44. Caldara, 1990: 134. Material examined. CHINA: Tibet: Ali, Zhada, Xiangzi, Xixiecun (31°47’N; 79°31’E, 4095 m), Astragalus sp., 15-VIII-2019, leg Chunyan Jiang, Xiaoliang Yang (87). Redescription. Length 2.45–3.05 mm (Fig. 21–24). Integument brownish; on dorsum covered with elongate seta-like, light brown scales and wide subelliptical white scales, latter more numerous on pronotum at base and sides and on elytra at base and interstria 1, very sparse on other interstriae. Rostrum (Fig. 145–148) stout (Rl/Rw 4.41– 5.00 in male, 5.00– 5.29 in female; Rl/Pl 0.94–1.06 in male, 0.90–1.00 in female), nearly parallel at sides on dorsal view, widest at middle and evenly curved on lateral view. Antennal funicle 7-segmented. Eyes nearly flat. Pronotum subrectangular (Pw/Pl 1.01–1.19), with rectilinear sides in basal half, weakly convex. Elytra short, subrectangular, distinctly wider than pronotum (Ew/Pw 1.33–1.44; El/Ew 1.42–1.60), moderately convex. Profemora (Fig. 255) unarmed, metafemora (Fig. 256) with small tooth. Protibia (Fig. 313) without sexual characters. Claws with robust medial teeth, slightly longer than half of claw. Male genitalia: body of penis (Fig. 370) short and wide, nearly parallel-sided, slightly narrowed until near apex, with blunted tip (Fig. 403), apodemes longer than body of penis. Female genitalia: spermatheca (Fig. 436) with short ramus slightly convergent at sides, short collum, robust nodulus and long robust cornu narrowed in apical portion; spiculum ventrale (Fig. 462) with arms joined at basal half, then slightly convexly divergent. Remarks and comparative notes. This species was previously known only from the type locality (central Asia without more detailed locality, probably Tibet) (Caldara 1990). We identified a large series of specimens recently collected in Zhada county as T. oriens, however, these differ from the type specimens by possessing a more transverse pronotum and more rounded sides of the elytra. Due to these two characters it is closely related with T. thompsoni, from which it differs by the third tarsomere being somewhat wider than the second, the shorter rostrum in females and the denser vestiture. It differs from T. tectus by the flat eyes, the shape of the rostrum and the denser vestiture. Biology. Many specimens were recently collected feeding on Astragalus sp. (probably its host plant) above 4000 m elevation. Distribution. Southwest China (Tibet), Published as part of Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto & Zhang, Runzhi, 2020, The genus Tychius Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Curculioninae) in China, with description of three new species, pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4856 (1) on pages 13-15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4856.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4411319, {"references":["Hoffmann, A. (1964) Curculionides nouveaux des regions eurasiennes (Col.). Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique de France, 69, 39 - 46.","Caldara, R. (1990) Revisione tassonomica delle specie paleartiche dei genere Tychius Germar (Coleoptera Curculionidae). Memorie della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e dei Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, 25, 51 - 218."]}

27. Tychius tachengicus Jiang & Caldara n. sp. Zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 134BACEC-DA5F-48D8-ACFF-C0DFB2F0CBC8 (Figures 85–88, 207–210, 289–290, 330, 343, 355, 386, 421, 450, 477) Material examined. Holotype, male, CHINA: Xinjiang: Tacheng, Alhagi sparsifolia, 24-VI-1984, leg Jiahu Fu (IOZCAS). Paratypes, same data as holotype (15 IOZCAS). Diagnostic description. Length 1.70–2.00 mm (Fig. 85–88). Vestiture on dorsum grayish to brown, either unicolorous or bicoloured. Rostrum (Fig. 207–210) short, moderately stout (Rl/Rw 4.55–4.58 in male, 4.73–5.27 in female; Rl/Pl 1.00– 1.04 in male, 1.06 in female), distinctly curved in basal half. Pronotum subparallel-sided from base to distal third, slightly wider than long (Pw/Pl 1.16–1.19). Elytra (El/Ew 1.44–1.51; Ew/Pw 1.37–1.43) with rectilinear sides in basal half. Femora (Fig. 289–290) unarmed, tibiae (Fig. 330) without sexual characters. Third tarsomere slightly wider than second tarsomere (Fig. 343). Claws (Fig. 355) with medial teeth as long as half of claw, separated from claw from base. Male genitalia: body of penis (Fig. 386) narrow, elongate subparallel-sided until near apex, then gradually narrowing, with subacute tip (Fig. 421), nearly as long as apodeme. Female genitalia: spermatheca see Fig. 450; spiculum ventrale (Fig. 477) with arms almost joined for their whole length. Remarks and comparative notes. This species is closely related to T. sulphureus by its habitus; however, in T. tachengicus the rostrum is shorter, stouter and less tapered in lateral view (especially in the female), the colour of the vestiture is a little variable but never sulphur yellow, third tarsomere slightly wider than second tarsomere, and claws with medial teeth as long as half of claw. Moreover, the aedeagus is distinctly different. Both species are related to T. franzi Caldara, 1986, which is not known from China. However, in T. franzi the rostrum is short, distinctly tapered from base to apex and poorly sexually dimorphic. Etymology. The Latin adjective refers to the type locality, Tacheng, at the borders between China and Kazakhstan. Biology. The specimens of the type series were collected on Alhagi sparsifolia Shap. Distribution. North-western China (XIN).

33. Tychius gracilitubus (Bajtenov, 1977) (Figures 109–112, 231–234, 301–302, 337, 349, 361, 394, 429, 455, 482) Lepidotychius gracilitubus Bajtenov, 1977: 162. Caldara, 1986: 187 (Tychius). Material examined. CHINA: Shaanxi: Yulin Dingbian (1400 m), 1-VI-1987 (2); same data, 29-VII-1987 (3); Yulin Dingbian (1300 m), 30-VII-1986 (1); Jingbian, Jinjisha reservoir (37°37’N; 108°28’E, 1346m), Hedysarum fruticosum var. mongolicum, leg Chunyan Jiang, Xiaoliang Yang (3); Chengchuan (37°53’N; 108°1’E, 1360 m), Hedysarum fruticosum var. mongolicum, 21-V-2019, leg Chunyan Jiang, Xiaoliang Yang (4). Redescription. Length 1.90–2.20 mm (Fig. 109–112). Dorsal integument completely hidden by very dense, overlapped, broad, rounded to oval, yellowish scales, irregularly arranged on elytral interstriae. Rostrum (Fig. 231– 234) in lateral view strongly curved in both sexes, especially in female (Rl/Rw 5.20–5.30 in male, 7.50–7.60 in female; Rl/Pl 0.80–0.91 in male, 1.10–1.27 in female). Eyes flat. Pronotum (Pw/Pl 1.10–1.22) with subrectilinear sides in basal half. Elytra rectangular (Ew/Pw 1.25–1.37; El/Ew 1.50–1.61), elongate. Femora (Fig. 301–302) unarmed, tibiae (Fig. 337) without sexual characters. Third tarsomere moderately wider than second tarsomere (Fig. 349). Claws (Fig. 361) with small medial teeth, a little less long than half of claw, fastened to claw in basal half. Male genitalia: body of penis (Fig. 394) moderately wide and with sides slightly convergent in basal 1/3, then distinctly narrowed and parallel sided to apex, with subacute tip in dorsal view (Fig. 429), with apex in lateral view upturned, twice longer than apodeme. Female genitalia: spermatheca (Fig. 455) with long parallel-sided ramus, at right angle to cornu, short thin collum placed not at same plane of cornu as usually but at 90°, robust nodulus, cornu gradually narrowing to apex; spiculum ventrale (Fig. 482) with arms slightly spaced and convergent in basal half, then joined to apex. Remarks and comparative notes. This species is closely related to T. hedysaricus, from which it differs by the more curved rostrum in lateral view (especially in the female) and the more narrowed apical part of the penis in dorsal view. These same characters allow us to distinguish this species from all the others of the group. In three specimens of T. gracilitubus we did not find the apodemes of the penis (Fig. 393) (see Discussion). Biology. Recently some specimens were collected on Hedysarum fruticosum var. mongolicum. We also examined one specimen labeled as collected on Nitraria tangutorum Bobr. (Nitrariaceae); however, we believe this association to be incidental. Distribution. This species was previously known only from Mongolia. New record from China (SHA)., Published as part of Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto & Zhang, Runzhi, 2020, The genus Tychius Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Curculioninae) in China, with description of three new species, pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4856 (1) on pages 36-37, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4856.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4411319, {"references":["Bajtenov, M. S. (1977) Tychiinae (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) aus der Mongolei. Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationali Hungarici, 69, 159 - 163.","Caldara, R. (1986) Revisione dei Tychius precedentemente inclusi in Lepidotychius (n. syn.) (Coleoptera Curculionidae). Atti della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, 127, 141 - 194."]}

21. Tychius kerulensis (Bajtenov, 1981) Neotychius kerulensis Bajtenov, 1981: 219. Caldara, 1990: 182 (Tychius). Material examined. One male labelled “ China, Kansou occ.” in coll. Hoffmann (Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris) by Caldara (1990). Redescription. Male (from Caldara 1990). Length 2.50 mm. Integument reddish except for dark brown pronotum and abdomen; on dorsum well visible between sparse elongate whitish gray scales. Rostrum stout (Rl/Pl 0.75), in lateral view tapered at apical third. Antennal funicle 7-segmented. Eyes weakly prominent. Pronotum slightly transverse (Pw/Pl 1.17), with slightly curved sides, widest in basal half. Elytra oblong (El/Ew 1.38), with prominent humeri, at base distinctly wider than pronotum (Ew/Pw 1.30), with slightly rounded sides, widest in basal half. Femora, expecially metafemora, with a small tooth. Profemora and protibiae without sexual characters. Claws with robust medial teeth, slightly longer than half of claw. Male genitalia: body of penis with sides slightly divergent from base until near apex, with subacute tip. Female: not examined. Remarks and comparative notes. This species seems related to T. vossi in its habitus. It differs from this taxon by the stout rostrum, which is more tapered in the apical third in lateral view, the less transverse pronotum and the sparser dorsal vestiture. Biology. No data are available. Distribution. Known from specimens from eastern Siberia and Mongolia (Alonso-Zarazaga et al. 2017) and a single specimen from Northwest China (GAN)., Published as part of Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto & Zhang, Runzhi, 2020, The genus Tychius Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Curculioninae) in China, with description of three new species, pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4856 (1) on page 25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4856.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4411319, {"references":["Bajtenov, M. S. (1981) Novye vidy dolgonosikov iz Mongolii (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) [New species of curculionids from Mongolia (Coleoptera: Curculionidae]. Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungaric i, 73, 217 - 220.","Caldara, R. (1990) Revisione tassonomica delle specie paleartiche dei genere Tychius Germar (Coleoptera Curculionidae). Memorie della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e dei Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, 25, 51 - 218.","Alonso-Zarazaga, A. M., Barrios, H., Borovec, R., Bouchard, P., Caldara, R., E. Colonnelli, E., Gultekin, L., Hlavac, P., Korotyaev, B., Lyal, C. H. C., Machado, A., Meregalli, M., Pierotti, H., Ren, L., Sanchez-Ruiz, M., Sforzi, A., Silfverberg, H., Skuhrovec, J., Tryzna, M., Velazquez de Castro, A. J. & Yunakov, N. N. (2017) Cooperative Catalogue of Palearctic Coleoptera Curculionoidea. Monografias electronicas SEA, 8 (1), 219 - 231."]}

23. Tychius picirostris (Fabricius, 1787) (Figures 67–72, 191–194, 279–282, 326, 382, 417, 447, 473) Curculio picirostris Fabricius, 1787: 101. Clark, 1984: 45 (Tychius). Caldara, 1990: 200 (Tychius). Tychius posticus Gyllenhal, 1835: 423. Caldara, 1990: 200. Material examined. CHINA: Jilin: ErdaoBaihe Huanshanxian (42°0’N; 127°37’E), 17-VI-2015, leg Chunyan Jiang (16); ErdaoBaihe X 122, (42°14’N; 28°10’E), 16-VI-2015, leg Chunyan Jiang (19); Fusong Baixichalu (42°4’N; 127°40’E), 17-VI-2015, leg Rinzhi Zhang, Chunyan Jiang (1); Fusong Manjiang Huanshanxian (42°0’N; 127°39’E), 10-VI-2015, leg Chunyan Jiang (77). Redescription. Length 1.80–2.25 mm (Fig. 67–70). Integument blackish brown except for reddish apical half of rostrum, scape and first segments of funicle of antennae, tibiae and tarsi, sometimes also elytra and femora reddish (Fig. 71–72); on dorsum moderately visible between recumbent elongate seta-like grayish to yellowish scales, arranged on elytral interstriae in 2–4 irregular rows; only a few broad whitish scales at base of pronotum and on scutellum. Rostrum (Fig. 191–194) moderately curved in lateral view (Rl/Rw 4.17–5.00 in male, 5.42–5.50 in female; Rl/Pl 0.85–1.00 in male, 0.90–1.00 in female). Antennal funicle 6-segmented. Eyes slightly prominent. Pronotum moderately wider than long (Pw/Pl 1.12–1.25), with sides weakly rounded from base. Elytra oblong (El/Ew 1.45–1.55; Ew/Pw 1.23–1.38), widest at middle. Femora (Fig. 279–282) unarmed. In male profemora with fringe of hair-like scales, protibiae (Fig. 326) without sexual characters. Claws with robust medial teeth, as long as 2/3 of claw. Male genitalia: body of penis (Fig. 382) slightly enlarged from base to apex on dorsal view, narrowed only near to apex, with narrow blunted tip (Fig. 417), as long as apodeme. Female genitalia: spermatheca (Fig. 447) with parallel-sided long ramus, thin short collum, robust nodulus and robust cornu moderately narrowed only at apex; spiculum ventrale (Fig. 473) with joined arms in basal 2/3, then very slightly spaced and parallel to apex. Remarks and comparative notes. Due to the 6-segmented antennal funicle (instead of seven), this taxon is clearly distinguishable from several other species that are otherwise very similar, such as T. stephensi, T. bicolor, T. aureolus and T. medicaginis. Apart from the shape of the genitalia, the shape of the rostrum is also a good distinctive character. Biology. This species feeds mainly on Trifolium repens L., but is also reported as living on T. pratense L. and T. hybridum L. (Clark & Burke, 1977; Caldara, 1990). Distribution. This species is very common in Europe and Asia and is here recorded as new from China (JIL). It has also been introduced in Japan and North America., Published as part of Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto & Zhang, Runzhi, 2020, The genus Tychius Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Curculioninae) in China, with description of three new species, pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4856 (1) on pages 26-27, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4856.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4411319, {"references":["Fabricius, J. C. (1787) Mantissa insectorum sistens eorum species nuper detectas adiectis characteribus genericis, differentiis specificis, emendationibus, observationibus. Tom. I. Impensis Christ. Gottl. Proft, Hafniae, xx + 348 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 36471","Clark, W. E. (1984) Curculio picirostris Fabricius, 1787 and Tychius stephensi Schonherr, 1836 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) proposed conservation under the plenary powers, Z. n. (S.) 2266. The Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature, 41, 45 - 52.","Caldara, R. (1990) Revisione tassonomica delle specie paleartiche dei genere Tychius Germar (Coleoptera Curculionidae). Memorie della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e dei Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, 25, 51 - 218.","Clark, W. E. & Burke, H. R. (1977) The curculionid genus Tychius Germar: natural history and coevolution with leguminous host plants. Southwestern Entomology, 2 (3), 106 - 126. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 187631277 X 00396"]}

5. Tychius longulus Desbrochers des Loges, 1873 Tychius longulus Desbrochers des Loges, 1873: 103. Caldara, 1990: 109. Tychius confusus Desbrochers des Loges, 1873: 103. Caldara, 1990: 109. Tychius longiusculus Tournier, 1874: 474. Caldara, 1990: 109. Tychius mongolicus Csiki, 1901: 114. Voss, 1967: 321. Caldara, 1990: 109. Material examined. One female labelled “Shantung, Tsienan” (Naturhistorische Museum, Wien) studied by Caldara (1990). Redescription. Male and female (from Caldara 1990). Length 2.20–3.10 mm. Integument dark brown except for reddish apical half of rostrum, antennae and legs; on dorsum covered with elongate, rectangular light brown to reddish brown scales and wide subelliptical white scales; wide scales numerous, especially on interstriae 1, 5, 6 and 7. Rostrum thin, especially in female, moderately long (Rl/Pw male 0.75–0.85, female 0.80–0.87), in dorsal view with sides slightly convergent from base to apex. Antennal funicle 7-segmented. Eyes flattened. Pronotum subquadrate (Pw/Pl 1.03–1.12), with subparallel sides in basal 2/3, widest in basal third. Elytra subrectangular (El/Ew 1.39–1.49), distinctly wider than pronotum (Ew/Pw 1.26–1.40), with rectilinear sides in basal 2/3, weakly convex. Femora without tooth, profemora in male with indistinct fringe of white scales. Tibiae without sexual characters. Third tarsomere distinctly wider than second tarsomere. Claws with robust medial teeth, as long as half of claw. Male genitalia: body of penis long, in dorsal view almost parallel at sides, gradually narrowing toward apex with subacute tip. Female genitalia: spermatheca with parallel-sided long thin ramus, poorly distinct collum, narrow nodulus and long thin cornu gradually narrowing to apex; spiculum ventrale with arms joined in basal quarter, then somewhat divergent and convex to apex. Remarks and comparative notes. According to Caldara (1990), the only female specimen from China examined (Shandong province, Jinan district) differs somewhat from all the other specimens by the shape of the dorsal scales, being that the elongate brownish scales are narrower and the wide whitish scales are more rounded. Therefore, this identification remains doubtful until the examination of other specimens, including males, can be made. Biology. No data. Distribution. This species is known from eastern Europe, central and oriental Asia including Mongolia. As above reported, it is doubtfully known from East China (SHN)., Published as part of Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto & Zhang, Runzhi, 2020, The genus Tychius Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Curculioninae) in China, with description of three new species, pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4856 (1) on page 11, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4856.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4411319, {"references":["Caldara, R. (1990) Revisione tassonomica delle specie paleartiche dei genere Tychius Germar (Coleoptera Curculionidae). Memorie della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e dei Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, 25, 51 - 218.","Tournier, H. (1874) Observations sur les especes europeennes et circumeuropeennes de la tribu des Tychiides. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 3 (4), 449 - 522."]}

14. Tychius flavus Becker, 1864 (Figures 35–38, 159–162, 263–264, 317, 374, 407, 439, 465) Tychius flavus Becker, 1864: 488. Caldara, 1985a: 344; 1990: 173. Tychius difficilis Tournier, 1874: 490. Franz, 1942: 117. Caldara, 1985a: 344; 1990: 173. Material examined. CHINA: Xinjiang: Fukang Observatory Ecol. Syst. Desert (44°17’N; 87°56’E, 474m), 23-V- 2007, leg Ye Liu (1); Jimunai County (47°22’N; 85°53’E, 1089 m), 3-VII-2014, leg Chunyan Jiang (4); Baihaba grassland (1153 m), 23-VII-2009, leg Xinlei Huang (2). Redescription. Length 1.90–2.50 mm (Fig. 35–38). Integument reddish brown, usually darker on pronotum, basal third of elytra and abdomen; on dorsum covered with uniformly pale brown to yellowish scales, those of elytral striae wide subelliptical, of same size and width as scales of interstriae. Rostrum (Fig. 159–162) in lateral view distinctly tapered distad of antennal insertion (Rl/Rw 3.50–3.61 in male, 3.61–4.17 in female; Rl/Pl 0.77–0.86 in male, 0.78–0.90 in female). Antennal funicle 7-segmented. Eyes large, globose, distinctly convex. Pronotum moderately transverse (Pw/Pl 1.10–1.23), with slightly rounded sides, widest between basal and middle third, somewhat convex. Elytra short (Ew/Pw 1.17–1.28; El/Ew 1.40–1.60), suboval, with slightly rounded sides, widest in basal half, convex. Femora (Fig. 263–264) with very small tooth. Profemora and protibiae (Fig. 317) without sexual characters. Claws with robust medial teeth, slightly longer than half of claw. Male genitalia: body of penis (Fig. 374) wide and short, on dorsal view slightly narrow at middle and with a transverse more sclerotized band, slightly narrowed only near to apex, with a distinct blunted tip (Fig. 407), as long as apodeme. Female genitalia: spermatheca (Fig. 439) with distinct ramus curved inward, distinct short collum, robust nodus, thin cornu narrowed in apical part; spiculum ventrale (Fig. 465) with arms moderately spaced each other and sinuous at middle. Remarks and comparative notes. Due to the shape of the scales of the elytral striae (wide and not seta-like) and the shape of the male genitalia, this species was placed by Caldara (1990) in a distinct group together with T. argentatus Chevrolat, 1859, a species with a large circum-Mediterranean distribution living on Loteae. Otherwise, the general habitus is very similar to several species of the T. stephensi group, mainly T. aureolus, T. medicaginis and T. junceus. Biology. In China, this species lives mainly on introduced Medicago, specifically M. sativa L. and M. falcata L. It was also reported as collected on Melilotus officinalis L., but this needs to be confirmed. Distribution. This species was known from central and eastern Europe to Central Asia. New record from China (XIN)., Published as part of Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto & Zhang, Runzhi, 2020, The genus Tychius Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Curculioninae) in China, with description of three new species, pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4856 (1) on page 18, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4856.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4411319, {"references":["Becker, A. (1864) Naturhistorische Mittheilungen. Bulletin de la Societe Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou, 37 (2), 477 - 493.","Caldara, R. (1985 a) Considerazioni tassonomiche su alcuni Tychius della regione paleartica (Coleoptera Curculionidae). Giornale Italiano di Entomologia, 2: 341 - 346.","Caldara, R. (1990) Revisione tassonomica delle specie paleartiche dei genere Tychius Germar (Coleoptera Curculionidae). Memorie della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e dei Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, 25, 51 - 218.","Tournier, H. (1874) Observations sur les especes europeennes et circumeuropeennes de la tribu des Tychiides. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 3 (4), 449 - 522.","Franz, H. (1942) Vorarbeiten zu einer Monographie der Tychiini. IV. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Gattung Tychius Schonh. Arbeiten uber Morphologische und Taxonomische Entomologie, 9, 104 - 133 + 182 - 205 + 242 - 266."]}

2. Tychius rufirostris Schoenherr, 1832 (Figures 5–6, 129–130, 245–246, 308, 365, 398) Tychius rufirostris Schoenherr, 1832: 223. Franz, 1949: 265. Caldara, 1990: 99. Tychius glycyrrhizae Becker, 1864: 486. Caldara, 1990: 99. Material examined. CHINA: Gansu: Jiuquan Chengjiaonongchang, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, 24-VII-1962, leg Hongxing Li (1); Xinjiang: Shihezi (520m), Beta sp., 7-VI-1957, leg Guang Wang (1); same data, leg Weiyi Yang (1); same data, leg Chunpei Hong (1); Shihezi (520 m), 7-VI-1967 (1); 18-VII-1957, leg Guang Wang (1). Redescription. Length 2.80–3.70 mm. Integument reddish brown, darker on pronotum; on dorsum uniformly covered with dense, moderately elongate, subelliptical to subrectangular, yellowish unicolorous scales arranged in 4–5 irregular rows on elytral interstriae (Fig. 5–6). Rostrum (Fig. 129–130) in lateral view tapered in apical half, male rostrum moderately long (Rl/Rw 3.61–4.10; Rl/Pl 0.82–0.92), female rostrum longer (Rl/Rw 4.12–4.35; Rl/Pl 0.94–1.00). Antennal funicle 7-segmented. Eyes large, flattened. Pronotum subconical, with nearly subrectilinear sides, widest at base, being distinctly narrower than elytra (Pw/Pl 1.10–1.30; Ew/Pw 1.32–1.42). Elytra short (El/ Ew 1.44–1.52), oval, widest at basal third, with subrectilinear sides in basal half. Metafemora with small sharp tooth; in male, profemora (Fig. 245–246) with short fringe of scales and protibiae (Fig. 308) with sharp triangular tooth at middle of inner margin. Third tarsomere distinctly wider than second tarsomere. Claws with robust medial teeth, as long as 2/3 of claw. Male genitalia: body of penis (Fig. 365) almost subparallel-sided towards apex, which is broad and with small subacute tip (Fig. 398), apodeme nearly of same length as body of penis. Female genitalia: spermatheca with gradually narrowed, short ramus and distinctly curved, long collum, stout nodulus, curved long cornu parallel-sided and ending with a blunted apex; spiculum ventrale with arms poorly sclerotized in basal third then moderately spaced and convex, narrowing to apex. Remarks and comparative notes. This species together with two other very closely related taxa (T. fausti (Reitter, 1890) and T. retusus Faust, 1885 known from Central Asia and Mongolia) form a very distinctive group in the genus. They differ from each other in characters based on the shape of the pronotum / elytra and the elytral vestiture, although the latter needs to be confirmed since the two above-mentioned taxa are currently known from very few specimens. Biology. This species was collected primarily on Glycyrrhiza glandulifera W. & K. (Caldara 1990), with some specimens collected on G. uralensis Fisch. We also have one specimen labeled as collected on Beta sp. (Chenopodiaceae, syn. of Amaranthaceae according to APG 2016), however, we believe this plant association to be incidental. Distribution. This species was known from Eastern Europe, the Caucasus, Middle East and central Asia. It is here reported from China for the first time (GAN XIN in the Northwest)., Published as part of Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto & Zhang, Runzhi, 2020, The genus Tychius Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Curculioninae) in China, with description of three new species, pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4856 (1) on pages 9-10, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4856.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4411319, {"references":["Schoenherr, C. J. (1832) [new taxa]. In: Menetries, E. (Ed.) Catalogue raisonne des objects de zoologie recueillis dans un voyage au Caucase et jusqu'aux frontieres actuelles de la Perse. Entrepris par ordre de S. M. l'Empereur. Academie Imperiale des Sciences, St. Petersburg, pp. i-xxxii + [1 - 2] + 1 - 271 + i-v.","Franz, H. (1949) Vorarbeiten zu einer Monographie der Tychiini. V. Ergebnisse der Untersuchung von Tychius - Typen schwedischer Museen. Entomologisk Tidskrift, 70, 263 - 269.","Caldara, R. (1990) Revisione tassonomica delle specie paleartiche dei genere Tychius Germar (Coleoptera Curculionidae). Memorie della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e dei Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, 25, 51 - 218.","Becker, A. (1864) Naturhistorische Mittheilungen. Bulletin de la Societe Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou, 37 (2), 477 - 493.","Faust, J. (1885) Turkestanische Russelkafer. Entomologische Zeitung, Stettin, 46, 149 - 202. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnd. 48018850118"]}

8. Tychius tectus LeConte, 1876 (Figures 17–20, 141–144, 253–254, 312, 369, 402, 435, 461) Tychius tectus LeConte, 1876: 217. Clark, 1971: 20. Caldara, 1990: 133. Tychius facetus Faust, 1891: 407. Franz, 1942: 262. Caldara, 1990: 134. Material examined. CHINA: Beijing: Sanpu (600 m), 22-VIII-1960, leg Tiesheng Li (1). Inner Mongolia: Huhhot (1050 m), Beta sp., 11-VII-1961, leg Hongxing Li (1); Yakeshi city, Yakeshi Park (49°17’N; 120°44’E, 660 m), 7- VII-2018, leg Yizhe Li (1). Gansu: Jiuquan, Chengjiao Nongchang, Medicago sp., 25-VII-1962, leg Hongxing Li (1). Redescription. Length 2.50–3.50 mm (Fig. 17–20). Integument blackish brown except for reddish rostrum, antennae, and legs; on dorsum almost completely hidden by elongate rectangular brown (whitish along midline of pronotum) scales; wide whitish scales densely covering base of pronotum and elytral interstria 1 and part of lateral interstriae, and usually interspersed throughout. Rostrum (Fig. 141–144) widest at base (Rl/Rw 4.90–5.30, Rl/Pl 0.90–1.15 in male; Rl/Rw 5.20–5.45; Rl/Pl 1.08–1.25 in female), evenly narrow to apex on dorsal view, widest at middle and evenly curved on lateral view. Eyes feebly prominent. Pronotum subrectangular (Pw/Pl 1.05–1.25), slightly transverse, weakly convex. Elytra subrectangular, distinctly wider than pronotum (Ew/Pw 1.05–1.25; El/ Ew 1.38–1.60), weakly convex. Femora (Fig. 253–254) unarmed, tibiae (Fig. 312) without sexual characters. Third tarsomere distinctly wider than second tarsomere. Claws with robust medial teeth, as long as half of claw. Male genitalia: body of penis (Fig. 369) short and wide, nearly parallel-sided, slightly narrowed until near apex with blunted tip (Fig. 402), apodemes slightly longer than body of penis. Female genitalia: spermatheca (Fig. 435) with short parallel-sided ramus, robust short collum, robust nodulus and robust cornu moderately narrowed in apical portion; spiculum ventrale (Fig. 461) with arms joined at basal quarter, then slightly convexly divergent. Remarks and comparative notes. This is the only Holarctic species of the genus known from the eastern Palearctic region and North America. A distribution via Beringia was hypothesized by Clark (1977) and Caldara (1985b). It seems related to T. oriens with which it shares the pattern of its vestiture, the habitus and the shape of the genitalia. It differs by the more convex eyes, the shape of the rostrum and the wider pronotum. Biology. It is well known that in North America this species feeds on various species of Astragalus and Oxytropis (Clark 1977). We have one specimen labeled as collected on Beta vulgaris L., however, we believe this association to be incidental. Distribution. It was known from the central European Territories of Russia, Siberia and Mongolia. Already reported from North China (BEI), newly recorded from NMO GAN. It is also widely distributed in North America., Published as part of Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto & Zhang, Runzhi, 2020, The genus Tychius Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Curculioninae) in China, with description of three new species, pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4856 (1) on page 13, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4856.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4411319, {"references":["LeConte, J. L. (1876) [new taxa]. In: LeConte, J. L., Horn, G. H., The Rhynchophora of America North of Mexico. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 15 (96), pp. 1 - 12 + 112 - 455.","Clark, W. E. (1971) A taxonomic revision of the weevil genus Tychius Germar in America north of Mexico (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Brigham Young University Science Bulletin, Biological Series, 13 (3), 1 - 39.","Caldara, R. (1990) Revisione tassonomica delle specie paleartiche dei genere Tychius Germar (Coleoptera Curculionidae). Memorie della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e dei Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, 25, 51 - 218.","Franz, H. (1942) Vorarbeiten zu einer Monographie der Tychiini. IV. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Gattung Tychius Schonh. Arbeiten uber Morphologische und Taxonomische Entomologie, 9, 104 - 133 + 182 - 205 + 242 - 266.","Caldara, R. (1985 b) Taxonomic notes on three little known species of Tychius Germ. from Siberia (USSR) (Coleoptera Curculionidae). Reichenbachia, 23, 87 - 89."]}

11. Tychius perrinae Caldara, 1990 (Figures 25–28, 149–152, 257–258, 314, 371, 404, 437, 463) Tychius perrinae Caldara, 1990: 136 Material examined. CHINA: Chongqing: Youyang Xiaobazhen Xinqiao (28°50’N; 108°43’E, 767 m), 25-V- 2017, leg Chunyan Jiang (1). Fujian: Jianyang Huangkengaotou (950 m), IV-1973 (1). Hunan: Changde Shimenhu Pingshan (1200 m), 27-VI-1987 (1); Shimenhu Pingshan (1800 m), 29-VI-1987 (1); Shimenhu Pingshan Yanjiaqi, 16-VI-1987 (1); Zhangjiajie Wulingyuan Wenfengcun Yixiantian, (29°20’N; 110°35’E, 349 m), 16-IV-2018, leg Xiaolong Wang (4). Redescription. Length 2.50–3.00 mm (Fig. 25–28). Integument reddish brown except for darker pronotum and elytra at base and sides, on dorsum broadly exposed between vestiture; scales mainly distinctly elongate, whitish and reddish brown, remainder suboval white covering base of pronotum, elytral interstria 1, and interspersed on other interstriae. Rostrum (Fig. 149–152) distinctly sexually dimorphic, with rostrum of male short and stout and of female long and thin (Rl/Rw 4.12–4.71 in male, 5.63–5.67 in female; Rl/Pl 0.87–1.00 in male, 0.95–1.06 in female). Antennal funicle 7-segmented. Eyes somewhat prominent. Pronotum transverse (Pw/Pl 1.26–1.38), convex on dorsum. Elytra suboval, moderately elongate, distinctly wider at base than pronotum (Ew/Pw 1.31–1.40; El/Ew 1.42–1.48). Metafemora (Fig. 258) with indistinct tooth. Profemora (Fig. 257) and protibiae (Fig. 314) without sexual characters. Claws with robust medial teeth, as long as half of claw. Male genitalia: body of penis (Fig. 371) narrow, nearly parallel at sides, as long as apodeme, apex (Fig. 404) slightly narrow. Female genitalia: spermatheca (Fig. 437) with parallel-sided long ramus, distinct collum, robust nodulus and robust cornu with rounded apex; spiculum ventrale (Fig. 463) long, fork-shaped. Remarks and comparative notes. This species is related to T. oriens and T. thompsoni, from which it differs by the convex eyes and the rostrum being more curved in lateral view. Additionally, it differs from T. oriens also by the sparser vestiture, which is distinctly bicoloured and not unicolorous, and from T. thompsoni by the more transverse and convex pronotum, the more prominent humeri and tarsomere 3 being distinctly wider than tarsomere 2. Biology. No data are available. Distribution. Already known from East China (SHG, ZHE). We also examined specimens from FUJ, Southwest (CHQ) and Central China (HUN). Also known from northern Vietnam (type locality: Ha-Long)., Published as part of Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto & Zhang, Runzhi, 2020, The genus Tychius Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Curculioninae) in China, with description of three new species, pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4856 (1) on pages 15-16, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4856.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4411319, {"references":["Caldara, R. (1990) Revisione tassonomica delle specie paleartiche dei genere Tychius Germar (Coleoptera Curculionidae). Memorie della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e dei Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, 25, 51 - 218."]}

29. Tychius obrieni Jiang & Caldara n. sp. Zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 7AC17E3A-DF0E-4184-987A-C2DAB65A5A1D (Figures 93–96, 215–218, 293–294, 332, 345, 357, 388, 423–424, 452, 479) Material examined. Holotype, male, CHINA: Xinjiang: Tulufan, (20–140 m), 24-VI-1958, leg Guang Wang (IOZCAS). Paratypes, same data as holotype (96 IOZCAS; 2 ASUCOB). Diagnostic description. Length 1.95–2.50 mm (Fig. 93–96). Vestiture on dorsum grayish brown, either unicolorous or feebly bicoloured on elytra. Rostrum (Fig. 215–218) short (Rl/Rw 4.46–4.62 in male, 4.62–4.85 in female; Rl/Pl 0.83–0.84 in male, 0.82–0.85 in female), moderately stout, weakly curved in lateral view, poorly sexually dimorphic. Pronotum (Pw/Pl 1.03–1.13) subparallel-sided from base to distal third, slightly wider than long. Elytra suboval (Ew/Pw 1.33–1.40; El/Ew 1.48–1.64), with slightly rounded sides in basal half. Femora (Fig. 293–294) unarmed, tibiae (Fig. 332) without sexual characters. Third tarsomere moderately wider than second tarsomere (Fig. 345). Claws (Fig. 357) with robust medial teeth as long as 2/3 length of claw, separated from claw from base. Male genitalia: body of penis (Fig. 388) in dorsal view moderately stout at basal half, with sides very slightly rounded, then narrowed and parallel-sided, slightly narrow apically, with subacutely pointed tip (Fig. 423–424), in lateral view moderately curved and with rectilinear apical part, slightly shorter than apodeme. Female genitalia: spermatheca see Fig. 452; spiculum ventrale (Fig. 479) with arms almost joined for their whole length. Remarks and comparative notes. This species is characterized by the rostrum being weakly curved in lateral view and poorly sexually dimorphic. In the female the rostrum is of the same width from the antennal insertion to the apex. The body of penis in dorsal view is moderately stout in the basal half, with sides very slightly rounded, then narrowed and parallel, slightly narrow apically and with subacutely pointed tip. In lateral view the penis is moderately curved and with rectilinear apical part, slightly shorter than the apodeme. Etymology. We name this species after our friend Prof. Charles O’Brien, “the weevil man”, who dedicated his life to weevil taxonomy and who recently passed away. We will remember him forever. Biology. No data are available. Distribution. China (XIN)., Published as part of Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto & Zhang, Runzhi, 2020, The genus Tychius Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Curculioninae) in China, with description of three new species, pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4856 (1) on page 32, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4856.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4411319

3. Tychius herculeanus Reitter, 1902 Tychius herculeanus Reitter, 1902: 185. Franz, 1942: 106. Caldara, 1990: 101. Material examined. A single male specimen from “Musart [sic], Tien Shan” studied and designated as the lectotype of the species by Caldara (1990). Redescription. Male and female (from Caldara 1990). Length 4.00– 4.40 mm. Integument reddish except for blackish prothorax and abdomen; on dorsum, covered with dense, overlapping, small, wide, subrectangular and lanceolate whitish and pale brown scales; on elytra, elongate scales mostly reddish brown and at sides partly whitish. Rostrum stout in both sexes (Rl/Pl male 0.82, female 0.85), in dorsal view with parallel sides, in lateral view regularly curved, of same width from base to apex. Antennal funicle 7-segmented. Eyes convex, moderately prominent. Pronotum transverse (Pw/Pl 1.23–1.26), with subparallel sides in basal half. Elytra subrectangular (El/ Ew 1.30–1.32), wider than pronotum (Ew/Pw 1.29–1.32), moderately convex. Femora, especially metafemora, toothed. Tibiae without sexual characters. Third tarsomere distinctly wider than second tarsomere. Claws with robust medial teeth, as long as half of claw. Male genitalia: body of penis robust, short, nearly parallel at sides, apex broad. Female genitalia: spermatheca with short ramus, distinct collum and long cornu; spiculum ventrale with arms close each other and parallel sided in basal 2/3 then slightly divergent. Remarks and comparative notes. This species is easily distinguishable from the other species in China by the characters of the group. See photograph of the habitus and illustration of rostra and genitalia in Caldara (1990). Biology. No data are available Distribution. Nepal, China (Northwest: XIN)., Published as part of Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto & Zhang, Runzhi, 2020, The genus Tychius Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Curculioninae) in China, with description of three new species, pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4856 (1) on page 10, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4856.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4411319, {"references":["Reitter, E. (1902) Eine Serie neuer Coleopteren aus dem russischen Reiche. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, 1901, 177 - 186.","Franz, H. (1942) Vorarbeiten zu einer Monographie der Tychiini. IV. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Gattung Tychius Schonh. Arbeiten uber Morphologische und Taxonomische Entomologie, 9, 104 - 133 + 182 - 205 + 242 - 266.","Caldara, R. (1990) Revisione tassonomica delle specie paleartiche dei genere Tychius Germar (Coleoptera Curculionidae). Memorie della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e dei Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, 25, 51 - 218."]}

Tychius astragali Becker, 1862 group 7. Tychius hauseri Faust, 1889 8. Tychius tectus LeConte, 1876 9. Tychius oriens A. Hoffmann, 1964 10. Tychius thompsoni Caldara, 1990 11. Tychius perrinae Caldara, 1990, Published as part of Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto & Zhang, Runzhi, 2020, The genus Tychius Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Curculioninae) in China, with description of three new species, pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4856 (1) on page 7, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4856.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4411319, {"references":["Faust, J. (1889) Neue Russelkafer von Alka-Kul. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, 129 - 140. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnd. 48018890119","LeConte, J. L. (1876) [new taxa]. In: LeConte, J. L., Horn, G. H., The Rhynchophora of America North of Mexico. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 15 (96), pp. 1 - 12 + 112 - 455.","Hoffmann, A. (1964) Curculionides nouveaux des regions eurasiennes (Col.). Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique de France, 69, 39 - 46.","Caldara, R. (1990) Revisione tassonomica delle specie paleartiche dei genere Tychius Germar (Coleoptera Curculionidae). Memorie della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e dei Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, 25, 51 - 218."]}

Tychius stephensi Schoenherr, 1836 group 15. Tychius aureolus Kiesenwetter, 1852 16. Tychius medicaginis C. N. F. Brisout de Barneville, 1863 17. Tychius junceus (Reich, 1797) 18. Tychius crassirostris Kirsch, 1871 19. Tychius meliloti Stephens, 1831 20. Tychius vossi Caldara, 1990 21. Tychius kerulensis (Bajtenov, 1981) 22. Tychius breviusculus Desbrochers des Loges, 1873 23. Tychius picirostris (Fabricius, 1787), Published as part of Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto & Zhang, Runzhi, 2020, The genus Tychius Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Curculioninae) in China, with description of three new species, pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4856 (1) on page 7, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4856.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4411319, {"references":["Kiesenwetter, H. von (1852) Enumeration des coleopteres trouves dans le midi de la France et en Catalogne (IIe Partie). Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 9 (4), 577 - 656, pl. 11.","Brisout de Barneville, C. N. F. (1863) Methode dichotomique appliquee aux Tychius de France et description de quelques especes nouvelles des genres Tychius et Miccotrogus. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 2 (4), 756 - 780. [1862]","Reich, G. C. (1797) Mantissae insectorum iconibus illustratae species novas aut nondum depictas exhibentis. Fasciculus I. Felsecker, Norimbergae, 16 pp., pl. 1. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 151490","Kirsch, T. F. W. (1871) Tychius crassirostris Kirsch n. sp. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift, 15, 48. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnd. 18710150112","Stephens, J. F. (1831) Signature D-F. In: Illustrations of British entomology; or, a synopsis of indigenous insects: containing their generic and specific distinctions; with an account of their metamorphoses, times of appearance, localities, food, and economy, as far as practicable. Mandibulata. Vol. IV. Baldwin, Cradock, London, pp. 31 - 78.","Caldara, R. (1990) Revisione tassonomica delle specie paleartiche dei genere Tychius Germar (Coleoptera Curculionidae). Memorie della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e dei Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, 25, 51 - 218.","Bajtenov, M. S. (1981) Novye vidy dolgonosikov iz Mongolii (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) [New species of curculionids from Mongolia (Coleoptera: Curculionidae]. Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungaric i, 73, 217 - 220.","Fabricius, J. C. (1787) Mantissa insectorum sistens eorum species nuper detectas adiectis characteribus genericis, differentiis specificis, emendationibus, observationibus. Tom. I. Impensis Christ. Gottl. Proft, Hafniae, xx + 348 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 36471"]}

Tychius gigas Faust, 1885 group 3. Tychius herculeanus Reitter, 1902, Published as part of Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto & Zhang, Runzhi, 2020, The genus Tychius Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Curculioninae) in China, with description of three new species, pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4856 (1) on page 7, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4856.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4411319, {"references":["Faust, J. (1885) Turkestanische Russelkafer. Entomologische Zeitung, Stettin, 46, 149 - 202. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnd. 48018850118","Reitter, E. (1902) Eine Serie neuer Coleopteren aus dem russischen Reiche. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, 1901, 177 - 186."]}

Tychius intrusus Faust, 1889 group Remarks. In this group the vestiture of the elytra is composed of both narrow and broad scales, the latter moderately numerous especially on the odd interstriae, where they are often arranged in two regular rows separated by a single median row of seta-like scales., Published as part of Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto & Zhang, Runzhi, 2020, The genus Tychius Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Curculioninae) in China, with description of three new species, pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4856 (1) on page 10, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4856.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4411319, {"references":["Faust, J. (1889) Neue Russelkafer von Alka-Kul. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, 129 - 140. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnd. 48018890119"]}

22. Tychius breviusculus Desbrochers des Loges, 1873 (Figures 63–66, 187–190, 277–278, 325, 381, 416, 446, 472) Tychius breviusculus Desbrochers des Loges, 1873: 106. Caldara, 1985a: 345; 1990: 182. Material examined. CHINA: Beijing: Baihuashan Linchang, 6-VII-1972, leg Youwei Zhang (1); Beiping: Gongzhuling, 3-VI-1950, leg Hongfu Zhu (1). Hebei: Tanghai Ernongchang, 23-IV-1989, leg Shanchun Jiang (1). Heilongjiang: Ercengdianzi, 15-VI-1941 (1); Haerbin, 16-VI-1960 (1); same data, 17-VII-1951 (2); Xiaoling, 1- VII-1943 (1). Jilin: Beishan, 25-VI-1963, leg Hongxing Li (1); Changchun Jingyuetan, 22-VI-1963, leg Hongxing Li (1). Liaoning: Shenyang Dongling, Medicago sp., 27-V-1962, leg Hongxing Li (1). Shaanxi: Ankang Ningshan Guanghuojie Yuanyanggou (33°46’N; 108°45’E, 1264 m), 27-VII-2014, leg Chunyan Jiang (4); same data, leg Menglei Zhang (1); Shangluo Danfeng Gengling Jiefang (33°51’N; 110°25’E, 1215 m), 11-VIII-2014, leg Chunyan Jiang (1); Shangluo Danfeng Zhaizigou, (33°52’N; 110°25’E, 1157 m), 10-VIII-2014, leg Menglei Zhang (3); Shangluo Zhashui Yingpan Zaoyuangou, (33°48’N; 109°2’E, 1026 m), 29-VII-2014. leg Menglei Zhang (1). Shanxi: Lishan Xiachuancun (1450 m), 10-VIII-2013, leg Lizhi Huo (1). Sichuan: Aba Jiuzhaigou, 8-VII-2011, leg Zhiliang Wang (2); Aba Songfan Huanglong entrance (3167 m), 5-VII-2011, leg Zhiliang Wang (3); Jiuzhaogou Tiantang (2735 m), 7-VII-2011, leg Zhiliang Wang (4). Xinjiang: Habahe County, 2-VII-2014, leg Chunyan Jiang (1); Jimunai County (47°22’N; 85°49’E, 1126m), 2-VII-2013, leg Chunyan Jiang (1); Jimunai County (47°22’N; 85°53’E, 1089 m), 3-VII-2014, leg Chunyan Jiang (3); Tacheng County (46°53’N; 86°23’E, 1239 m), 3-VII-2014, leg Chunyan Jiang (2); Hejing (1880 m), 8-VII-1958, leg Changqing Li (1); Qinghe (1260 m), 6-VII-1960, leg Shuyong Wang (1); Qinghe Ertai (940 m), 30-VI-1960, leg Shuyong Wang (1); Qinghe Kekesulishidi (47°1’N; 89°45’E, 1328 m), 29-VII-2013, leg Chunyan Jiang (2); Qinghe Takeshiken Buergen (46°10’N; 90°48’E, 1111 m), 28-VII-2013, leg Chunyan Jiang (1); Qinghe Talaticun, 26-VI-2014, leg Chunyan Jiang (1); Shanshan (22-550 m), 20-VI-1958, leg Changqing Li (1); Tulufan (20-140 m), 23-V-1958, leg Changqing Li (1); same data, 29-V-1958, leg Guang Wang (2); Glycyrrhiza uralensis, 7-VII-1981 (1); 1984 (8). Redescription. Length 1.90–2.55 mm (Fig. 63–66). Integument blackish brown except for reddish apical half of rostrum, antennae and legs; on dorsum covered with dense, moderately long, subelliptical, yellowish scales irregularly arranged on elytral interstriae. Rostrum (Fig. 187–190) in lateral view regularly tapered in male, more abruptly tapered in female (Rl/Rw 4.33–4.53 in male, 4.33–4.87 in female; Rl/Pl 0.77–0.91 in male, 0.75–0.94 in female). Antennal funicle 7-segmented. Eyes flat. Pronotum moderately transverse (Pw/Pl 1.12–1.26), with curvilinear sides from base, widest at middle, moderately convex on disc. Elytra oblong (Ew/Pw 1.20–1.35; El/Ew 1.36–1.48), with weakly rounded sides, widest in basal half. Femora (Fig. 277–278) with distinct tooth. Profemora and protibiae (Fig. 325) without sexual characters. Claws with robust medial teeth, as long as half of claw. Male genitalia: body of penis (Fig. 381) with nearly parallel sides in basal half then gradually and distinctly narrowed to apex, with blunted rounded tip (Fig. 416), as long as apodeme. Female genitalia: spermatheca (Fig. 446) with short ramus, very short and small collum, indistinct nodulus, long cornu distinctly narrowed in apical half; spiculum ventrale (Fig. 472) with poorly sclerotized large arms joined at base, then thin distinctly sclerotized and moderately spaced, finally newly joined at apex. Remarks and comparative notes. This species shares its unusual character of completely flat eyes with T. meliloti, from which it differs by the rostrum in lateral view being less tapered in the apical half (especially in the female) and the lack of a tooth at the middle of the inner margin of the protibiae in the male. Biology. This is another species living on Melilotus (M. officinalis G. G., M. altissima Thuil., M. alba Lam., M. arvensis Wallr.) often together with T. meliloti (Caldara, 1990). The immature stages were recently described by Skuhrovec et al. (2014). Some specimens examined were labeled as collected from Medicago sp. and Glycyrrhiza uralensis), however, we believe these associations to be incidental. Distribution. This is a common Palearctic species known from all of Europe, Asia and North Africa. It was already reported from North and Northeast China (BEI HEB HEI TIA). New from JIL LIA SHA SHX SCH XIN., Published as part of Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto & Zhang, Runzhi, 2020, The genus Tychius Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Curculioninae) in China, with description of three new species, pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4856 (1) on pages 25-26, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4856.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4411319, {"references":["Caldara, R. (1985 a) Considerazioni tassonomiche su alcuni Tychius della regione paleartica (Coleoptera Curculionidae). Giornale Italiano di Entomologia, 2: 341 - 346.","Caldara, R. (1990) Revisione tassonomica delle specie paleartiche dei genere Tychius Germar (Coleoptera Curculionidae). Memorie della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e dei Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, 25, 51 - 218.","Skuhrovec, J., Gosik, R. & Caldara, R. (2014) Immatures of Palearctic species of the weevil genus Tychius (Coleoptera, Curculionidae): new descriptions and new bionomic data with an evaluation of their value in a phylogenetic reconstruction of the genus. Zootaxa, 3839 (1), 1 - 83. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3839.1.1"]}

6. Tychius praescutellaris (Pic, 1902) (Figures 11–14, 135–138, 249–250, 310, 367, 400, 434, 460) Miccotrogus praescutellaris Pic, 1902: 147. Caldara, 1990: 120 (Tychius). Material examined. CHINA: Inner Mongolia: Huhehaote, Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural & Animal Husbandry Sciences Farm, Cannabis sp., 8-VII-1961,leg Hongchang Li(1);Otog Qianqi,Dashatou(38°9’N 107°34’E, 1345 m), Medicago sativa, 22-V-2019, leg Chunyan Jiang, Xiaoliang Yang (2). Beijing: Xibeiwang, 15-VIII-1961, leg Shuyong Wang (1). Shaanxi: Yulin, Hengshan, Leilongwan (38°1’N 109°9’E, 1079 m), Medicago sativa, 20-V- 2019, leg Chunyan Jiang, Xiaoliang Yang (11). Redescription. Length 2.10–2.50 mm (Fig. 11–14). Integument reddish except for blackish pronotum, base and sides of elytra and venter; on dorsum covered with grayish brown scales variable in shape, from subrectangular to subelliptical, and width, never seta-like on disc of pronotum and wider on elytra. Rostrum (Fig. 135–138) robust (Rl/Rw 3.35–3.67 in male, 3.25–3.50 in female; Rl/Pl 0.74–0.85 in male, 0.79–0.87 in female), in dorsal view with sides slightly convergent from base to apex, in lateral view moderately narrow after scrobe. Antennal funicle 6- segmented. Eyes weakly convex, slightly prominent. Pronotum subquadrate (Pw/Pl 1.04–1.20), with sides slightly curved from base, slightly convex on dorsum. Elytra subrectangular (El/Ew 1.42–1.65), at base distinctly wider than pronotum (Ew/Pw 1.27–1.38), with rectilinear sides, widest at middle, moderately convex. Femora (Fig. 249–250) without tooth. Profemora and protibiae (Fig. 310) without sexual characters. Claws with small and thin medial teeth, as long as half of claw. Male genitalia: with subparallel sides in basal 2/3 then gradually narrowing to apex (Fig. 400), apodemes slightly shorter than body of penis (Fig. 367). Female genitalia: spermatheca (Fig. 434) with long parallel-sided ramus, almost indistinct collum, thin nodulus, long and thin cornu; spiculum ventrale (Fig. 460) with arms joined at base then rectilinear and gradually diverging to apex. Remarks and comparative notes. This species is easily distinguishable from all other Palearctic species due to the peculiar dorsal vestiture formed by scales that are variable in their shape. Biology. One specimen was collected on Cannabis sp. around a farm of Beta vulgaris L., but we do not think this is the real host plant of T. praescutellaris. Very recently we collected some specimens on Medicago sativa L. in Inner Mongolia and Shaanxi (see Material examined). Distribution. Previously known from Kazakhstan, Mongolia, eastern Siberia and from China without more detailed indication. We examined specimens from Northwest China (BEI NMO SHA)., Published as part of Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto & Zhang, Runzhi, 2020, The genus Tychius Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Curculioninae) in China, with description of three new species, pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4856 (1) on page 12, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4856.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4411319, {"references":["Pic. M. (1902) Notes et diagnoses sur divers Tychiini. Bulletin de la Societe d'Histoire Naturelle d'Autun, 15, 139 - 148.","Caldara, R. (1990) Revisione tassonomica delle specie paleartiche dei genere Tychius Germar (Coleoptera Curculionidae). Memorie della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e dei Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, 25, 51 - 218."]}

27. Tychius tachengicus Jiang & Caldara n. sp. Zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 134BACEC-DA5F-48D8-ACFF-C0DFB2F0CBC8 (Figures 85–88, 207–210, 289–290, 330, 343, 355, 386, 421, 450, 477) Material examined. Holotype, male, CHINA: Xinjiang: Tacheng, Alhagi sparsifolia, 24-VI-1984, leg Jiahu Fu (IOZCAS). Paratypes, same data as holotype (15 IOZCAS). Diagnostic description. Length 1.70–2.00 mm (Fig. 85–88). Vestiture on dorsum grayish to brown, either unicolorous or bicoloured. Rostrum (Fig. 207–210) short, moderately stout (Rl/Rw 4.55–4.58 in male, 4.73–5.27 in female; Rl/Pl 1.00– 1.04 in male, 1.06 in female), distinctly curved in basal half. Pronotum subparallel-sided from base to distal third, slightly wider than long (Pw/Pl 1.16–1.19). Elytra (El/Ew 1.44–1.51; Ew/Pw 1.37–1.43) with rectilinear sides in basal half. Femora (Fig. 289–290) unarmed, tibiae (Fig. 330) without sexual characters. Third tarsomere slightly wider than second tarsomere (Fig. 343). Claws (Fig. 355) with medial teeth as long as half of claw, separated from claw from base. Male genitalia: body of penis (Fig. 386) narrow, elongate subparallel-sided until near apex, then gradually narrowing, with subacute tip (Fig. 421), nearly as long as apodeme. Female genitalia: spermatheca see Fig. 450; spiculum ventrale (Fig. 477) with arms almost joined for their whole length. Remarks and comparative notes. This species is closely related to T. sulphureus by its habitus; however, in T. tachengicus the rostrum is shorter, stouter and less tapered in lateral view (especially in the female), the colour of the vestiture is a little variable but never sulphur yellow, third tarsomere slightly wider than second tarsomere, and claws with medial teeth as long as half of claw. Moreover, the aedeagus is distinctly different. Both species are related to T. franzi Caldara, 1986, which is not known from China. However, in T. franzi the rostrum is short, distinctly tapered from base to apex and poorly sexually dimorphic. Etymology. The Latin adjective refers to the type locality, Tacheng, at the borders between China and Kazakhstan. Biology. The specimens of the type series were collected on Alhagi sparsifolia Shap. Distribution. North-western China (XIN)., Published as part of Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto & Zhang, Runzhi, 2020, The genus Tychius Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Curculioninae) in China, with description of three new species, pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4856 (1) on page 29, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4856.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4411319, {"references":["Caldara, R. (1986) Revisione dei Tychius precedentemente inclusi in Lepidotychius (n. syn.) (Coleoptera Curculionidae). Atti della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, 127, 141 - 194."]}

24. Tychius morawitzi Becker, 1864 (Figures 73–76, 195–198, 283–284, 327, 340, 352, 383, 418, 474) Tychius morawitzi Becker, 1864: 487. Caldara, 1986: 170. Tychius convolvuli Faust, 1881: 324. Caldara, 1986: 171. Tychius imbricatipennis Desbrochers des Loges, 1908: 52. Caldara, 1986: 171. Material examined. CHINA: Xinjiang: Tulufan (20–140 m), 24-VI-1958, leg Guang Wang (16). Redescription. Length 2.20–2.80 mm (Fig. 73–76). Vestiture on dorsum unicolorous, grayish to pale brown, or bicoloured, pale brown and reddish brown. Rostrum (Fig. 195–198) in lateral view robust (Rl/Rw 5.00 in male, 5.57 in female; Rl/Pl 0.87–1.03 in male, 0.90–0.98 in female), feebly curved, slightly tapered in distal third, nearly of same shape in both sexes. Pronotum slightly wider than long (Pw/Pl 1.10–1.20), feebly curved at sides, distinctly narrower than elytra (Ew/Pw 1.30–1.45). Elytra suboval (El/Ew 1.40–1.55). Femora (Fig. 283–284) unarmed, tibiae (Fig. 327) without sexual characters. Third tarsomere distinctly wider than second tarsomere (Fig. 340). Claws (Fig. 352) with small medial teeth a little less long than half of claw, fastened to claw in basal half. Male genitalia: body of penis (Fig. 383) short, in dorsal view large, gradually distinctly narrowing from base to apex, with long thin blunted tip (Fig. 418), shorter than apodeme. Female genitalia: spermatheca see Caldara (1986); spiculum ventrale (Fig. 474) with arm joined in basal 1/3 then slightly spaced to apex. Remarks and comparative notes. This species is distinguishable from the other species of the group known from China by a short rostrum which is poorly sexually dimorphic and the short, broad body of the penis. Biology. This species lives on Alhagi, such as A. maurorum Medik. (= A. camelorum DC) and A. pseudalhagi (M. Bieb.) Desv. ex B. Keller & Shap. in Central Asia (Caldara, 1986; Karasjov, 1994). Distribution. This species was previously known from European Russia and western to central Asia. New record from China (XIN)., Published as part of Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto & Zhang, Runzhi, 2020, The genus Tychius Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Curculioninae) in China, with description of three new species, pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4856 (1) on page 27, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4856.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4411319, {"references":["Becker, A. (1864) Naturhistorische Mittheilungen. Bulletin de la Societe Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou, 37 (2), 477 - 493.","Caldara, R. (1986) Revisione dei Tychius precedentemente inclusi in Lepidotychius (n. syn.) (Coleoptera Curculionidae). Atti della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, 127, 141 - 194.","Faust, J. (1881) Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Kafer des europaischen und asiatischen Russlands mit Einschluss der Kusten des Kaspischen Meeres. (3. Fortsetzung). Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae, 16 (3 - 4), 285 - 333.","Desbrochers des Loges, J. (1908) Especes nouvelles de curculionides appartenant a la tribu des Sibinidae (et faisant partie de sa collection). Le Frelon, 16 (4), 37 - 52."]}

16. Tychius medicaginis C. N. F. Brisout de Barneville, 1863 (Figures 43–46, 167–170, 267–268, 319, 376, 409, 441, 467) Tychius medicaginis C. N. F. Brisout de Barneville, 1863: 767. Caldara, 1990: 176. Material examined. CHINA: Xinjiang: Baihaba County, 2-VII-2014, leg Chunyan Jiang (4); Jimunai County (85°53’N; 47°25’E, 1089 m), 3-VII-2014, leg Chunyan Jiang (1); Aletai Beitundaqiao, 28-VI-2014, leg Chunyan Jiang (1); Baihabacaochang (1153m), 22-VII-2009, leg Xinlei Huang (11); Changji, 4-VI-1955, leg Kailing Xia, Yonglin Chen (2); Manasi Shihezi (460-510m), 7-VI-1957, leg Chunpei Hong (1); Qinghe (1260m), 6-VII- 1960, leg Shuyong Wang (1); Qinghe Bulukecun, 8-VII-2009, leg Xinlei Huang (3); Qinghe Takeshiken Buergen (46°10’N; 90°48’E, 1111m), 28-VII-2013, leg Chunyan Jiang (1); Qinghe Talatecun, 29-VI-2014, leg Chunyan Jiang (4); Yining, 4-VI-1991 (1). Redescription. Length 2.10–2.60 mm (Fig. 43–46). Integument blackish brown except for reddish antennae and legs; on dorsum densely covered with narrow, moderately elongate, rectangular to subelliptical, yellowish to grayish scales, sometimes paler on interstria 1 and sides of elytra. Rostrum (Fig. 167–170) in lateral view nearly of same width in apical half, distinctly sexually dimorphic (Rl/Rw 4.06–4.88 in male, 4.88–5.00 in female; Rl/Pl 0.87–0.98 in male, 0.94–1.04 in female). Antennal funicle 7-segmented. Eyes convex, distinctly prominent. Pronotum transverse (Pw/Pl 1.19–1.27), with slightly curved sides, widest in front of middle, somewhat convex. Elytra suboval (Ew/Pw 1.18–1.32; El/Ew 1.30–1.46), with moderately rounded sides, widest in basal half, somewhat convex. Femora (Fig. 267–268) without tooth. Profemora and protibiae (Fig. 319) without sexual characters. Claws with robust medial teeth, as long as 2/3 of claw. Male genitalia: body of penis (Fig. 376) with nearly parallel sides in basal half then gradually and distinctly narrowed to apex, with subacute tip (Fig. 409), as long as apodeme. Female genitalia: spermatheca (Fig. 441) with short ramus and short collum, indistinct nodulus, long cornu distinctly narrowed in apical part; spiculum ventrale (Fig. 467) with joined arms in basal 2/3, then very slightly spaced to apex. Remarks and comparative notes. As above reported, this species is very similar to T. aureolus, from which it differs by the profemur of male without fringe of white scales and the rostrum of female in lateral view nearly of same width from base to apex. Biology. This species feeds on Medicago such as M. sativa L. and M. falcata L., both considered introduced in China, and is often collected together with T. aureolus (Clark & Burke 1977; Caldara 1990). Distribution. Widely distributed in Europe and Asia. Reported also from Tunisia. It was already known from Northwest China (XIN)., Published as part of Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto & Zhang, Runzhi, 2020, The genus Tychius Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Curculioninae) in China, with description of three new species, pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4856 (1) on page 21, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4856.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4411319, {"references":["Brisout de Barneville, C. N. F. (1863) Methode dichotomique appliquee aux Tychius de France et description de quelques especes nouvelles des genres Tychius et Miccotrogus. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 2 (4), 756 - 780. [1862]","Caldara, R. (1990) Revisione tassonomica delle specie paleartiche dei genere Tychius Germar (Coleoptera Curculionidae). Memorie della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e dei Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, 25, 51 - 218.","Clark, W. E. & Burke, H. R. (1977) The curculionid genus Tychius Germar: natural history and coevolution with leguminous host plants. Southwestern Entomology, 2 (3), 106 - 126. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 187631277 X 00396"]}

32. Tychius kaszabi (Bajtenov, 1977) (Figures 103–108, 225–230, 229–300, 335–336, 348, 360, 391–392, 427–428, 454, 481) Lepidotychius kaszabi Bajtenov, 1977: 160. Caldara, 1986: 189 (Tychius). Material examined. CHINA: Xinjiang: Habahe County (47°50’N; 86°16’E, 456 m), 2-VIII-2013, leg You Li (35). Tibet: Linzhi, Hedysarum sp., 11-VIII-1987, leg Naifei Wang (1). Inner Mongolia: Otog Qianqi, Aozhen (38°9’N; 107°30’E; 1337 m), Hedysarum fruticosum var. mongolicum, 19-V-2019, leg Chunyan Jiang, Xiaoliang Yang (1); Chengchuan (37°53’N; 108°1’E, 1360 m), Hedysarum fruticosum var. mongolicum, 21-V-2019, leg Chunyan Jiang, Xiaoliang Yang (3); Dashatou (38°9’ N 107°34’E, 1345 m), Hedysarum fruticosum var. mongolicum, 22-V-2019, leg Chunyan Jiang, Xiaoliang Yang (4). Shaanxi: Jingbian, Niuyuqin desertification control farm (37°38’N; 108°32’ E, 1347 m), Hedysarum fruticosum var. mongolicum, 21-V-2019, leg Chunyan Jiang, Xiaoliang Yang (4); Yulin Dingbian (1400 m), Hedysarum fruticosum var. mongolicum, 13-VII-1987 (1). Redescription. Length 2.60–3.00 mm (Fig. 103–106). Vestiture pale yellow in colour, pronotum with flat moderately imbricated rectangular and subelliptical scales, elytral interstriae both with wide subelliptical scales in double to triple rows and narrower scales in a median row. Rostrum (Fig. 225–228) elongate (Rl/Rw 5.00– 5.77 in male, 6.36–6.64 in female; Rl/Pl 0.70–0.88 in male, 0.80–0.88 in female), curved, distinctly sexually dimorphic. Eyes slightly convex. Pronotum subquadrate (Pw/Pl 1.08–1.17), parallel-sided in basal half. Elytra elongate (El/Ew 1.47–1.56; Ew/Pw 1.32–1.42), subrectangular.Femora (Fig. 229–300) unarmed, tibiae (Fig. 335–336) without sexual characters. Third tarsomere distinctly wider than second tarsomere (Fig. 348). Claws (Fig. 360) with robust medial teeth, as long as 2/3 of claw, fastened to claw in basal half. Male genitalia: body of penis (Fig. 391) moderately wide and with sides slightly convergent in basal 2/3, then distinctly narrowed and parallel to apex, with wide and blunted tip (Fig. 427), with apex in lateral view upturned, a little longer than apodeme. Female genitalia: spermatheca (Fig. 454) with long parallel-sided ramus, short robust collum, robust nodulus, cornu gradually narrowing to apex; spiculum ventrale (Fig. 481) with arms slightly spaced and convergent in basal third, then joined to apex. Remarks and comparative notes. This species is peculiar due to the dorsal vestiture which is overall less characteristic than that of the other species in the group, and more similar to other unrelated species. The vestiture of the pronotum, although somewhat variable and more or less dense, is composed by weakly overlapped, rectangular to subelliptical (not rounded) scales. Also, the elytral interstriae are covered with 2–3 irregular rows of broad scales with a median row of seta-like scales and not with only broad, very dense overlapped scales not arranged in rows. We identified the single male specimen collected at Yulin Dingbian (Fig. 107–108, 229–230) doubtfully as T. kaszabi, mainly differing from the other specimens by the shape of the aedeagus. In fact, the body of penis (Fig. 392, 428) is distinctive, moderately wide and with sides slightly convergent in basal 2/3, then distinctly narrowed and parallel sided to apex, with wide and blunted tip and apex downturned in lateral view. Notably, we did not find the apodemes of the penis in this specimen, as with three specimens of T. gracilitubus (see Discussion). Biology. Living on Hedysarum sp. (Karasjov 1991). Very recently collected from Hedysarum fruticosum Pall. var. mongolicum (Turcz) B. Fedtsch. Distribution. This species was previously known only from Mongolia. New record from China (NMO SHA XIN XIZ). It is interesting to note he great distance between this single specimen from Tibet and from all other known specimens of T. kaszabi and, actually, from all of the other members of the group. However, we did not find morphological differences and the host plant belongs to the genus Hedysarum., Published as part of Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto & Zhang, Runzhi, 2020, The genus Tychius Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Curculioninae) in China, with description of three new species, pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4856 (1) on pages 35-36, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4856.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4411319, {"references":["Bajtenov, M. S. (1977) Tychiinae (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) aus der Mongolei. Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationali Hungarici, 69, 159 - 163.","Caldara, R. (1986) Revisione dei Tychius precedentemente inclusi in Lepidotychius (n. syn.) (Coleoptera Curculionidae). Atti della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, 127, 141 - 194."]}

Cleopomiarus danfengensis Jiang & Caldara n. sp. Type locality. Jiefangcun Danfeng County, Shangluo (Shaanxi, China). Type specimens. Holotype, male, CHINA: Shaanxi: Jiefangcun Danfeng County, Shangluo (33��51'N, 110��24'E, 1391 m), 13-VIII-2015, leg Menglei Zhang. Paratypes, same data as holotype (1F); CHINA: Shanxi: Qinshui Lishan Conservation Area Shunwangping (35��35���N; 111��57���E, 2250 m), 15-VII-2013, leg Lizhi Huo (1F). Diagnosis. Body length 3.5���3.6 mm. Dorsal vestiture with dark brown and white scales intermixed; first elytral interstria covered with a fringe of white, long scales at apical declivity. Rostrum moderately long, in lateral view distinctly arcuate. Pronotum moderately transverse, with partly raised scales. Elytra subrectangular, moderately long, weakly curved at sides, widest at basal third, with subrecumbent to suberect scales. Mesofemora with a small obtuse tooth and metafemora with moderately distinct obtuse tooth; uncus of metatibiae in male pointed at apex. Description (holotype). Length 3.5 mm. Body stout, integument black (Fig. 11���12). Rostrum (Fig. 30) 1.13 mm, moderately long (Rl/Rw 5.63; Rl/Pl 1.06), distinctly arcuate in lateral view, moderately tapered from antennal insertion to apex. Antennae dark brown, inserted near middle of rostrum at apex; funicle with segment 1 1/3 as long as scape, segment 2 shorter than segment 1, segments 3, 4 and 5 globose. Eyes flat. Pronotum moderately transverse (Pw/Pl 1.27���1.36), subconical, with rounded sides, widest in basal third, convex, with subrecumbent to suberect, dark brown and white intermixed, moderately long, seta-like scales; white scales more numerous at sides. Scutellum with short white scales. Elytra subrectangular, moderately long (El/Ew 1.30), moderately wider than pronotum (Ew/Pw 1.36), at base moderately directed forwards from interstria 5 to humeri, with somewhat rounded sides; interstriae covered with 3���4 irregular rows of subrecumbent to suberect, dark brown, seta-like scales, with white scales randomly distributed. First interstria covered with fringe of white, long, seta-like scales at apical declivity. Mesofemora with small obtuse tooth and metafemora with moderately distinct obtuse tooth (Fig. 51���54); uncus of metatibiae 0.1mm, in male pointed at apex (Fig. 39). Genitalia. Penis 1.00 mm, gradually narrowed from base to apex; endophallus at base with flagellum enlarged, and connected with sclerite straight and stick-shaped (Fig. 69). Female paratypes. Length 3.5���3.6 mm (Fig. 13���14). Rostrum 1.12���1.25 mm, moderately long (Rl/Rw 5.60��� 6.25; Rl/Pl 1.00���1.07), distinctly arcuate in lateral view, somewhat tapered from base to apex (Fig. 31). Pronotum less transverse than in holotype (Pw/Pl 1.28���1.31). Elytra shorter than in holotype (El/Ew 1.15���1.19), moderately wider than pronotum (Ew/Pw 1.36���1.38). Genitalia. Spermatheca 0.20 mm, slim, body distinctly bisinuate, not hook-shaped, weakly enlarged; collum distinctly narrowed in apical half, long and thin, slightly shorter than length of body; ramus short (Fig. 75). Spiculum ventrale 1.00 mm, with parallel arms (Fig. 80). Etymology. The name of this species is an adjective referring to the site of collection. Remarks. This species is distinguished from all other Palaearctic species by the comb of white scales at the apical declivity of interstria 1 and by the shape of the rostra especially in the female. It shares the pattern of the dorsal vestiture of dark brown and white scales intermixed with C. flavoscutellatus, in which however the scales of the scutellum are yellowish and not white. The tooth and the uncus of the metatibiae are similar to that of C. graminis, whereas the male genitalia are similar to those of C. distinctus. This apparent mountain species was collected on herbaceous plants on an open hillside and a semi-open mountain valley over 1000 m elevation. Distribution. Central China (Shaanxi Province and Shanxi Province)., Published as part of Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto & Zhang, Runzhi, 2018, A taxonomic revision of Chinese Cleopomiarus Pierce (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) with description of two new species, pp. 337-355 in Zootaxa 4378 (3) on pages 342-343, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4378.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/1169980

Cleopomiarus danfengensis Jiang & Caldara n. sp. Type locality. Jiefangcun Danfeng County, Shangluo (Shaanxi, China). Type specimens. Holotype, male, CHINA: Shaanxi: Jiefangcun Danfeng County, Shangluo (33°51'N, 110°24'E, 1391 m), 13-VIII-2015, leg Menglei Zhang. Paratypes, same data as holotype (1F); CHINA: Shanxi: Qinshui Lishan Conservation Area Shunwangping (35°35′N; 111°57′E, 2250 m), 15-VII-2013, leg Lizhi Huo (1F). Diagnosis. Body length 3.5–3.6 mm. Dorsal vestiture with dark brown and white scales intermixed; first elytral interstria covered with a fringe of white, long scales at apical declivity. Rostrum moderately long, in lateral view distinctly arcuate. Pronotum moderately transverse, with partly raised scales. Elytra subrectangular, moderately long, weakly curved at sides, widest at basal third, with subrecumbent to suberect scales. Mesofemora with a small obtuse tooth and metafemora with moderately distinct obtuse tooth; uncus of metatibiae in male pointed at apex. Description (holotype). Length 3.5 mm. Body stout, integument black (Fig. 11–12). Rostrum (Fig. 30) 1.13 mm, moderately long (Rl/Rw 5.63; Rl/Pl 1.06), distinctly arcuate in lateral view, moderately tapered from antennal insertion to apex. Antennae dark brown, inserted near middle of rostrum at apex; funicle with segment 1 1/3 as long as scape, segment 2 shorter than segment 1, segments 3, 4 and 5 globose. Eyes flat. Pronotum moderately transverse (Pw/Pl 1.27–1.36), subconical, with rounded sides, widest in basal third, convex, with subrecumbent to suberect, dark brown and white intermixed, moderately long, seta-like scales; white scales more numerous at sides. Scutellum with short white scales. Elytra subrectangular, moderately long (El/Ew 1.30), moderately wider than pronotum (Ew/Pw 1.36), at base moderately directed forwards from interstria 5 to humeri, with somewhat rounded sides; interstriae covered with 3–4 irregular rows of subrecumbent to suberect, dark brown, seta-like scales, with white scales randomly distributed. First interstria covered with fringe of white, long, seta-like scales at apical declivity. Mesofemora with small obtuse tooth and metafemora with moderately distinct obtuse tooth (Fig. 51–54); uncus of metatibiae 0.1mm, in male pointed at apex (Fig. 39). Genitalia. Penis 1.00 mm, gradually narrowed from base to apex; endophallus at base with flagellum enlarged, and connected with sclerite straight and stick-shaped (Fig. 69). Female paratypes. Length 3.5–3.6 mm (Fig. 13–14). Rostrum 1.12–1.25 mm, moderately long (Rl/Rw 5.60– 6.25; Rl/Pl 1.00–1.07), distinctly arcuate in lateral view, somewhat tapered from base to apex (Fig. 31). Pronotum less transverse than in holotype (Pw/Pl 1.28–1.31). Elytra shorter than in holotype (El/Ew 1.15–1.19), moderately wider than pronotum (Ew/Pw 1.36–1.38). Genitalia. Spermatheca 0.20 mm, slim, body distinctly bisinuate, not hook-shaped, weakly enlarged; collum distinctly narrowed in apical half, long and thin, slightly shorter than length of body; ramus short (Fig. 75). Spiculum ventrale 1.00 mm, with parallel arms (Fig. 80). Etymology. The name of this species is an adjective referring to the site of collection. Remarks. This species is distinguished from all other Palaearctic species by the comb of white scales at the apical declivity of interstria 1 and by the shape of the rostra especially in the female. It shares the pattern of the dorsal vestiture of dark brown and white scales intermixed with C. flavoscutellatus, in which however the scales of the scutellum are yellowish and not white. The tooth and the uncus of the metatibiae are similar to that of C. graminis, whereas the male genitalia are similar to those of C. distinctus. This apparent mountain species was collected on herbaceous plants on an open hillside and a semi-open mountain valley over 1000 m elevation. Distribution. Central China (Shaanxi Province and Shanxi Province).

Cleopomiarus distinctus (Boheman) Gymnetron distinctus Boheman, 1845: 187. Cleopomiarus distinctus (Boheman). Caldara & Legalov, 2016: 12. Miarus degorsi Abeille de Perrin, 1906: 171. Miarus graminis subfulvus Reitter, 1907: 45. Miarus wagneri Sz��kessy, 1940: 161. Miarus distinctus rectirostris Hoffmann, 1953: 55. Miarus longirostris mandschuricus Voss, 1952: 199. Egorov et al., 1996: 484. Caldara & Legalov, 2016: 12. (n. syn.) Miaromimus dictamnophilus Zherichin, 1996: 483. Material examined. CHINA: Xinjiang: Baihaba Habahe (48��18���N; 86��24���E, 1153m), 23-VII-2009, leg Xinlei Huang (1M); Bazhou (41��45���N; 86��08���E, 944m), 10-VII-1998 (1F). Liaoning: Anshan Qianshan (40��32���N; 123��01���E, 254m), 8-VI-1963, leg Hongxing Li (1M); Fengcheng Tongyuanpu (40��46���N; 123��55���E, 186m), 31-V- 1963, leg Hongxing Li (3M2F). Jilin: Antu Dahuanggou (42��57���N; 128��40���E, 640m), 18-VIII-1963, leg Hongxing Li (2M2F). Heilongjiang: Baimao 2sa (45��44���N; 126��39���E, 147m), 14-VI-1953 (1M2F); Erdaodianzi (43��08���N; 127��09���E, 283m), 15-VI-1941 (2M); same data, 30-VI-1941 (6M9F); Hulin (45��45���N; 132��56���E, 84m), 14-VI- 1971 (2M); same data, 9-VI-1971, leg Xuezhong Zhang (1M2F); Hutoushan (45��58���N; 133��40���E, 56m), 8-VI- 1971, leg Xuezhong Zhang (1M); North East (3M). Type locality. Geneva (Switzerland). Diagnosis. Body length 2.2���3.3 mm. Dorsal vestiture unicolorous, whitish to light brown. Rostrum long in male, very long in female, cylindrical, of same width from base to apex, weakly curved in lateral view. Pronotum distinctly transverse, with partly raised scales. Elytra subrectangular, short, moderately wider than pronotum, with subrecumbent to erect scales. Mesofemora smoothed without tooth, metafemora with small moderately sharp tooth, uncus of metatibiae in male enlarged especially at apex and directed outwards. Redescription. Length 2.20���3.30 mm. Body stout, Integument black (Fig. 15���18). Rostrum (Fig. 32���33) long in male, very long in female (Rl/Rw male 6.58���8.33, female 9.18���11.24; Rl/Pl male 1.05���1.27, female 1.38���1.58), weakly curved in lateral view in male, straight in female, cylindrical, of same width from base to apex. Antennae inserted at middle of rostrum in male, between middle and basal third of rostrum in female. Eyes flat. Pronotum transverse (Pw/Pl 1.45���1.55), subconical, with rounded sides, moderately convex, with subrecumbent to erect, moderately long, whitish to light brown, seta-like scales. Scutellum with short, whitish scales. Elytra subglobose, short (El/Ew 1.02���1.20), moderately wider than pronotum (Ew/Pw 1.18���1.34), at base distinctly directed forwards from interstria 5 to humeri, with somewhat rounded sides; interstriae covered with 2���4 irregular rows of subrecumbent to erect, whitish to light brown, seta-like scales. Mesofemora smoothed without tooth, metafemora with small moderately sharp tooth (Fig. 55���58); uncus of metatibiae 0.08���0.10 mm, in male enlarged especially at apex and directed outwards (Fig. 40). Genitalia. Male: penis 1.23���1.40 mm, gradually narrowed from base to apex; endophallus at base with flagellum enlarged and connected with straight, long and stick-shaped sclerite (Fig. 70). Female: spermatheca 0.18���0.22 mm, body weakly enlarged at middle and sinuate, narrowed near middle; collum moderately long, 1/4 as long as body, ramus very short (Fig. 76); spiculum ventrale with arms close to each other at base and then distinctly divergent to apex (Fig. 81). Remarks and comparative notes. According to Caldara & Legalov (2016), this is one of the most variable species and with the widest distribution together with C. graminis. The three most variable characters are the colour of the dorsal vestiture, which varies from whitish grey to light brown, the density of the elytral scales, sometimes completely covering the integument, and the length of the rostrum especially in the female and especially in the Anatolian population. Moreover, C. distinctus is very closely related to numerous species (C. persimilis, C. salsosae, C. kobanzo and C. kamiyai). It is clear that it would be very interesting to perform a detailed molecular study of these apparently cryptic species. After the examination of other specimens from the type locality of C. mandschuricus , we realized that it is not possible morphologically to separate this species from C. distinctus . Apart from the characters of the shape of the rostra, the uncus of the male metatibiae, and that of the genitalia (penis, spermatheca and spiculum), C. distinctus usually differs from C. graminis also by the more angulate shape of the elytral base. With regard to the spiculum ventrale, we noticed that, although somewhat variable as reported by Caldara & Legalov (2016), the angulation of the arms is different between these two species (see fig. 78 vs fig. 81). Distribution. Europe, from the Iberian Peninsula to the Russian Far East, South Korea (Gangwon), Turkey. Previously known from China only from Heilongjiang Province (Caldara & Legalov 2016), but now it is new from the northeastern (Jilin and Liaoning provinces) and northwestern regions (Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region)., Published as part of Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto & Zhang, Runzhi, 2018, A taxonomic revision of Chinese Cleopomiarus Pierce (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) with description of two new species, pp. 337-355 in Zootaxa 4378 (3) on pages 343-344, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4378.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/1169980, {"references":["Boheman, C. H. (1845) In: Schoenherr, C. J. (Ed.), Genera et species Curculionidum, cum synonymia hujus familiae. Species novae aut hactenus minus cognitae, descriptionibus a Dom. Leonardo Gyllenhal, C. H. Boheman, et entomologis aliis illustratae. Tomus octavus. - Pars secunda. Roret, Parisiis & Flescher, Lipsiae, pp. 4 + 504.","Caldara, R. & Legalov, A. A. (2016) Systematics of the Holarctic species of the weevil genus Cleopomiarus Pierce (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Journal of Insect Biodiversity, 4 (6), 1 - 47. http: // doi. org / 10.12976 / jib / 2016.4.6","Abeille de Perrin, E. (1906) Description de trois Miarus francais. Bulletin de la Societe entomologique de France, 1906, 171 - 172.","Reitter, E. (1907) Bestimmungs-Tabellen der europaischen Coleopteren. LIX Heft. Curculionidae. 13. Theil: Mecinini (Gymnetrini). Verhandlungen des naturforschenden Vereines in Brunn, 45, 7 - 50.","Szekessy, W. (1940) Ein neuer Miarus (Coleopt., Curculionidae) aus Griechenland. Annales Historico-naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici, 33, 161 - 162.","Hoffmann, A. (1953) Contribution a l'etude des especes francaises du genre Miarus Steph. L'Entomologiste, 9, 50 - 63.","Voss, E. (1952) Mandschurische Russler aus dem Museum G. Frey. Mitteilungen der Munchner Entomologische Gesellschaft, 42, 190 - 205.","Egorov, A. B., Zherichin V. V. & Korotyaev B. A. (1996) Sem. Curculionidae - dolgonosiki. In: Ler, P. A. (Ed.), Opredelitel' nasekomyh Dal'nego Vostoka Rossii v shesti tomakh. Tom III Zhestkokrylye, ili zhuki. Chast 3. Dal' nauka, Vladivostok, pp. 431 - 516."]}

Cleopomiarus nuerhachii Jiang & Caldara n. sp. Type locality. Shenyang Dongling (Liaoning, China). Type specimen. Holotype, male, CHINA: Liaoning: Shenyang Dongling (41°49′N; 123°35′E, 61m), 26-V- 1963, leg Hongxing Li. Diagnosis. Body length 3.46 mm. Dorsal vestiture unicolorous, greyish. Rostrum long, weakly curved in lateral view, cylindrical, of same width from base to apex. Pronotum distinctly transverse, with subrecumbent to suberect scales. Elytra subglobose, somewhat short, moderately wider than pronotum, with subrecumbent to suberect scales. Mesofemora with angled ventral face and metafemora with small sharp tooth; uncus of metatibiae in male moderately enlarged especially at apex and directed outwards. Description (holotype). Length 3.46 mm. Body stout, integument black (Fig. 19–20). Rostrum (Fig. 34) 1.38 mm long (Rl/Rw 7.67; Rl/Pl 1.17), weakly curved in lateral view, cylindrical, of same width from base to apex. Antennae inserted at middle of rostrum; funicle 1 1/4 as long as scape, funicle 2 nearly as long as funicle 1, funicle 3 1/2 as long as funicle 2, funicle 4 and 5 globose. Eyes flat. Pronotum distinctly transverse (Pw/Pl 1.40), subconical, with rounded sides, moderately convex, with subrecumbent to suberect, moderately long, greyish, setalike scales. Scutellum with short yellowish scales. Elytra subglobose, somewhat short (El/Ew 1.13), moderately wider than pronotum (Ew/Pw 1.33), at base moderately directed forwards from interstria 5 to humeri, with somewhat rounded sides; interstriae covered with 3–4 irregular rows of suberect to erect, greyish, seta-like scales. Mesofemora with angled ventral face and metafemora with small sharp tooth (Fig. 59–60); uncus of metatibiae 0.10 mm, in male enlarged especially at apex (Fig. 41). Genitalia. Male: penis 1.40 mm, distinctly narrowed at middle; endophallus at base with flagellum enlarged and connected with broad, straight and stick-shaped sclerite (Fig. 71). Etymology. The collection site, Dongling, is the tomb of Nuerhachi, who was a great emperor in Chinese history. This species is named in his honor. Remarks. This species, presently know only from a male, is closely related to C. distinctus by the general habitus and the shape of the rostrum. However, it differs slightly by the shape of the mesofemora with angled (and not smoothed) ventral face, and that of the uncus of the metatibiae in the male, which is shorter and narrower in basal half, and differs distinctly by the shape of the body of the penis, in which sides are distinctly narrowed at the middle, as well as the stick-shaped sclerite of the endophallus, which is shorter and broader at its apex. Distribution. Known only from the type locality in northeastern China.

Cleopomiarus flavoscutellatus (Morimoto) Miarus flavoscutellatus Morimoto, 1959: 195. Cleopomiarus flavoscutellatus (Morimoto). Caldara & Legalov, 2016: 12. Miarus tapirus Korotyaev, 1999: 145. Material examined. CHINA: Liaoning: Dalian Shicheng (39��31���N; 123��0���E, 29 m), 4-VII-1954 (1F). Heilongjiang: Erdaodianzi (43��08���N; 127��09���E, 283m), 15-VI-1941 (5M). Type locality. Shirahone (Nagano Prefecture, Japan). Diagnosis. Body length 2.9���3.2 mm. Dorsal vestiture with brown and white scales intermixed. Rostrum stout in both sexes, short in male, slightly longer in female, somewhat curved in lateral view, gradually and weakly tapered from base to apex. Pronotum moderately transverse, with recumbent scales. Elytra subglobose, short, slightly longer than wide, moderately wider than pronotum; interstriae covered with 3���4 irregular rows of recumbent to slightly raised scales. Mesofemora with small sharp tooth and metafemora with slightly more distinct sharp tooth; uncus of metatibiae in male distinctly pointed at apex. Redescription. Length 2.9���3.2 mm. Body globose, stout. Integument black (Fig. 7���10). Rostrum stout in both sexes, short in male (Fig. 28), slightly longer in female (Fig. 29) (Rl/Rw male 4.11���4.44, female 4.40���4.80; Rl/Pl male 0.89���1.02, female 0.88���0.95), somewhat curved in lateral view, gradually and weakly tapered from base to apex. Antennae inserted between middle and apical third of rostrum in male, at middle of rostrum in female. Eyes flat. Pronotum moderately transverse (Pw/Pl 1.32���1.40), widest at base, then gradually narrowed to apex, with rounded sides, moderately convex, with recumbent brown and whitish intermixed, long, seta-like scales. Scutellum with short, light brown scales. Elytra subglobose, short (El/Ew 1.16���1.24), moderately wider than pronotum (Ew/ Pw 1.30���1.40), at base gradually directed forwards from interstria 5 to humeri, with somewhat rounded sides; interstriae covered with 3���4 irregular rows of recumbent to slightly raised, whitish and light brown intermixed, seta-like scales. Mesofemora with small sharp tooth and metafemora with slightly more distinct sharp tooth (Fig. 47���50), uncus of metatibiae 0.07���0.10 mm, in male distinctly pointed at apex (Fig. 38). Genitalia. Male: penis 1.84���1.90 mm in length, gradually narrowed from base to apex, with sides weakly concave at middle; endophallus at base with flagellum enlarged and connected with long and crooked sclerite (Fig. 68). Female: spermatheca 0.22��� 0.27 mm, hook-shaped, with body thin, long, with sides parallel in basal half, then gradually narrowed to apex, with collum long, as long as half of body, with ramus very short (Fig. 74). Spiculum ventrale 1.00 mm, with subparallel arms (Fig. 79). Remarks and comparative notes. This species is one of the few that is easily distinguishable from all the other Palaearctic species, mainly due to the uncommonly stout rostrum in both sexes and the pattern of the dorsal vestiture composed of whitish and light brown scales intermixed, which it shares only with C. danfengensis. Distribution. Japan (Honshū Island), Russia (southern Russian Far East). New record from China (northeastern provinces)., Published as part of Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto & Zhang, Runzhi, 2018, A taxonomic revision of Chinese Cleopomiarus Pierce (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) with description of two new species, pp. 337-355 in Zootaxa 4378 (3) on pages 340-342, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4378.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/1169980, {"references":["Morimoto, K. (1959) On the genus Miarus Stephens from Japan (Col. Curculionidae, Gymnetrinae). Kontyu, 27, 190 - 195.","Caldara, R. & Legalov, A. A. (2016) Systematics of the Holarctic species of the weevil genus Cleopomiarus Pierce (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Journal of Insect Biodiversity, 4 (6), 1 - 47. http: // doi. org / 10.12976 / jib / 2016.4.6","Korotyaev, B. A. (1999) A new species of the weevil genus Miarus from the South of the Russian Far East (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Zoosystematica Rossica, 8, 145 - 146."]}

Cleopomiarus nuerhachii Jiang & Caldara n. sp. Type locality. Shenyang Dongling (Liaoning, China). Type specimen. Holotype, male, CHINA: Liaoning: Shenyang Dongling (41��49���N; 123��35���E, 61m), 26-V- 1963, leg Hongxing Li. Diagnosis. Body length 3.46 mm. Dorsal vestiture unicolorous, greyish. Rostrum long, weakly curved in lateral view, cylindrical, of same width from base to apex. Pronotum distinctly transverse, with subrecumbent to suberect scales. Elytra subglobose, somewhat short, moderately wider than pronotum, with subrecumbent to suberect scales. Mesofemora with angled ventral face and metafemora with small sharp tooth; uncus of metatibiae in male moderately enlarged especially at apex and directed outwards. Description (holotype). Length 3.46 mm. Body stout, integument black (Fig. 19���20). Rostrum (Fig. 34) 1.38 mm long (Rl/Rw 7.67; Rl/Pl 1.17), weakly curved in lateral view, cylindrical, of same width from base to apex. Antennae inserted at middle of rostrum; funicle 1 1/4 as long as scape, funicle 2 nearly as long as funicle 1, funicle 3 1/2 as long as funicle 2, funicle 4 and 5 globose. Eyes flat. Pronotum distinctly transverse (Pw/Pl 1.40), subconical, with rounded sides, moderately convex, with subrecumbent to suberect, moderately long, greyish, setalike scales. Scutellum with short yellowish scales. Elytra subglobose, somewhat short (El/Ew 1.13), moderately wider than pronotum (Ew/Pw 1.33), at base moderately directed forwards from interstria 5 to humeri, with somewhat rounded sides; interstriae covered with 3���4 irregular rows of suberect to erect, greyish, seta-like scales. Mesofemora with angled ventral face and metafemora with small sharp tooth (Fig. 59���60); uncus of metatibiae 0.10 mm, in male enlarged especially at apex (Fig. 41). Genitalia. Male: penis 1.40 mm, distinctly narrowed at middle; endophallus at base with flagellum enlarged and connected with broad, straight and stick-shaped sclerite (Fig. 71). Etymology. The collection site, Dongling, is the tomb of Nuerhachi, who was a great emperor in Chinese history. This species is named in his honor. Remarks. This species, presently know only from a male, is closely related to C. distinctus by the general habitus and the shape of the rostrum. However, it differs slightly by the shape of the mesofemora with angled (and not smoothed) ventral face, and that of the uncus of the metatibiae in the male, which is shorter and narrower in basal half, and differs distinctly by the shape of the body of the penis, in which sides are distinctly narrowed at the middle, as well as the stick-shaped sclerite of the endophallus, which is shorter and broader at its apex. Distribution. Known only from the type locality in northeastern China., Published as part of Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto & Zhang, Runzhi, 2018, A taxonomic revision of Chinese Cleopomiarus Pierce (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) with description of two new species, pp. 337-355 in Zootaxa 4378 (3) on page 344, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4378.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/1169980

Cleopomiarus graminis (Gyllenhal) Rhynchaenus graminis Gyllenhal, 1813: 210 (nomen protectum). Cleopomiarus graminis (Gyllenhal). Caldara & Legalov, 2016: 12. Curculio ellipticus Herbst, 1795: 171 (nomen oblitum). Rhynchaenus cinerascens Gravenhorst, 1807: 208 (nomen oblitum). Miarus jakowlewi Faust, 1895: 104. Miarus fuscopubens Reitter, 1907: 43. Miarus graminis subuniseriatus Reitter, 1907: 45. Miarus scutellaris mequignoni Hoffmann, 1939: 79. Miarus dulcinasutus Kangas, 1976: 79. Miarus graminoides Kangas, 1976: 80. Material examined. CHINA: Xinjiang: Habahe Baihaba Canyon (48��01���N; 85��59���E, 1314m), 2-VII-2014, leg Chunyan Jiang (1M) (specimen with single row of elytral scales); same data (4M3F). Liaoning: Anshan Qianshan (40��32���N; 123��01���E, 254m), 22-VII-2002, leg Yong Zhang (1M); same data, leg Siqin Ge (1M1F); Fengcheng Tongyuanpu (40��46���N; 123��55���E, 186m), 1-VI-1963, leg Hongxing Li (3F). Jilin: Antu Dahuanggou (42��57���N; 128��40���E, 640m), 16-VIII-1963, leg Hongxing Li (1M3F). Heilongjiang: Ningan Jingpo Lake (43��51���N; 128��54���E, 380m), 7-VIII-1963, leg Hongxing Li (2F), 8-VIII-1963, leg Hongxing Li (3M). Neimenggu: Xinganmeng Keerqinyouyiqianqi (46��04���N; 121��58���E), 28-VII-1984, leg Qier Min (1M). Type locality. Sweden. Diagnosis. Body length 1.9���3.3 mm. Dorsal vestiture unicolorous, whitish to light brown. Rostrum moderately long in male, longer in female, nearly of same width from base to apex, weakly curved in lateral view in male, nearly straight to weakly curved in female. Pronotum distinctly transverse, with partly raised scales. Elytra subglobose, moderately long, weakly wider than pronotum; interstriae covered with recumbent to suberect scales. Mesofemora with minute sharp tooth and metafemora with distinct sharp tooth; uncus of metatibiae in male moderately enlarged, pointed at apex. Description. Length 1.9���3.3 mm. Body stout, Integument black (Fig. 1���4). Rostrum (Fig. 25���26), long in male, moderately longer in female (Rl/Rw male 6.00���6.67, female 6.05���7.39; Rl/Pl male 0.94���1.09, female 0.93��� 1.20), nearly of same width from base to apex, weakly curved in lateral view in male, nearly straight to weakly curved in female. Antennae inserted at middle of rostrum in male, between middle and basal third of rostrum in female. Pronotum (Pw/Pl 1.36���1.48), subconical, with rounded sides, moderately convex, with recumbent to suberect, moderately long, white to light brown, seta-like scales. Scutellum with short, white scales. Elytra subglobose, short (El/Ew 1.10���1.25), weakly wider than pronotum (Ew/Pw 1.16���1.36), at base moderately directed forwards from interstria 5 to humeri, with somewhat rounded sides; interstriae covered with 2���4 irregular rows of recumbent to suberect, whitish to light brown, seta-like scales. Mesofemora with minute sharp tooth, metafemora with distinct sharp tooth (Fig. 43���46), uncus of metatibiae 0.06���0.10 mm, in male moderately enlarged, pointed at apex (Fig. 37). Genitalia. Male: penis 1.16���1.45 mm, somewhat narrowed at middle; endophallus at base with flagellum enlarged and connected with straight, long and stick-shaped sclerite (Fig. 67). Female: spermatheca 0.18���0.24 mm, body narrow, gradually narrowed in apical third, weakly sinuate, collum straight, long, 2/3 as long as body, at base weakly enlarged, ramus very short (Fig. 73); spiculum ventrale with arms slightly divergent from base to apex (Fig. 78). Remarks and comparative notes. For detailed data on synonymies see Caldara & Legalov (2016). This is an apparently variable species with a wide distribution. The two most variable characters are the colour of the dorsal vestiture, which varies from whitish grey to light brown, and the density of the elytral scales sometimes moderately sparse, sometimes completely covering the integument. The rostrum varies somewhat in length and curvature, especially in the female. It is clear that it would be very interesting to perform a detailed molecular study of various populations. Cleopomiarus graminis differs from the other Chinese species by the shape of the uncus of metatibiae in male, the shape of the rostra and that of median lobe and spermatheca. We identified temporarily as C. graminis the only male specimen (Fig. 5���6) collected at Habahe Baihaba Canyon (Xinjiang) (Fig. 86), characterized mainly by a single row of white elytral scales, which makes this specimen distinct from the other Chinese specimens of C. graminis (see fig. 1���4 vs Fig. 5���6). However it is know that some specimens from western Palaearctic countries have similar elytral vestiture (Caldara & Legalov 2 016). Distribution: Previously reported from Europe, West and Central Siberia (Caldara & Legalov 2016). New record from China (northern regions)., Published as part of Jiang, Chunyan, Caldara, Roberto & Zhang, Runzhi, 2018, A taxonomic revision of Chinese Cleopomiarus Pierce (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) with description of two new species, pp. 337-355 in Zootaxa 4378 (3) on pages 339-340, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4378.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/1169980, {"references":["Gyllenhal, L. (1813) Insecta Svecica descripta a Leonardo Gyllenhal. Classis I. Coleoptera sive Eleuterata. Tomi I. Pars III. F. J. Leverentz, Scaris, 730 pp.","Caldara, R. & Legalov, A. A. (2016) Systematics of the Holarctic species of the weevil genus Cleopomiarus Pierce (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Journal of Insect Biodiversity, 4 (6), 1 - 47. http: // doi. org / 10.12976 / jib / 2016.4.6","Herbst, J. F. W. (1795) Natursystem aller bekannten in- und auslandischen Insekten, als eine Fortsetzung der von Buffonschen Naturgeschichte. Der Kafer, sechster Theil. Joachim Pauli, Berlin, 520 pp.","Gravenhorst, I. L. C. (1807) Vergleichende Uebersicht des Linneischen und einiger neuem zoologischen Systeme, nebst dem eingeschalteten Verzeichnisse der zoologische Sammlungen des Verfassers und den Bescheibungen neuer Thierarten, die in derselben vorhanden sind. Dieterich, Gottingen, 476 pp.","Faust, J. (1895) Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Kafer des Europaischen und Asiatischen Russlands mit Einschluss der Kusten des Kaspischen Meeres. Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae, 29, 96 - 107.","Reitter, E. (1907) Bestimmungs-Tabellen der europaischen Coleopteren. LIX Heft. Curculionidae. 13. Theil: Mecinini (Gymnetrini). Verhandlungen des naturforschenden Vereines in Brunn, 45, 7 - 50.","Hoffmann, A. (1939) Curculionidae nouveaux de France (Col.). Bulletin de la Societe entomologique de France, 1939, 79 - 83.","Kangas, E. (1976) Die fennoskandischen Arten der Gattung Miarus Steph. (Col. Curculionidae). Annales Entomologicae Fennicae, 42, 69 - 83."]}