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Two species of the genus Neoperla (Plecoptera: Perlidae) are described as new: Neoperla annulatispina Mo, Li & Wang, sp. nov. from Guangdong and Neoperla similidelphina Mo, Li & Murányi, sp. nov. from Guangxi. Distinctness of Neoperla annulatispina from morphologically similar Neoperla nigromarginata Li & Zhang, 2014 was confirmed by comparing COI barcode sequences. Three additional Neoperla species are presented as new provincial records from the Nanling Mountains are given: Neoperla chebalinga Chen & Du, 2016, Neoperla leigongshana Du & Wang, 2007 and Neoperla maolanensis Yang & Yang, 1993. Illustrations and color photographs are provided for each species, and the new species are compared to similar taxa. Distributions of Neoperla species recorded in the present study are also presented.

Neoperla quadrispina Li, Mo & Wang, 2020 (Fig. 32) Neoperla quadrispina Li, Mo & Wang, 2020: 577; Mo, Wang, Li & Murányi, 2021: 204. Female (Fig. 32). Forewing length 10.1 mm (n=1). Habitus generally similar to male. Sternum 8 lightly sclerotized; the posteromedial margin forms a small, quadrate sclerotized subgenital plate with a distinct semicircular posterior notch. Material examined. 1 female (COI NO. C19) (HIST), China: Guangxi, Guigang City, Pingtianshan Mountain National Forest Park, 23°11'7" N, 109°29'23" E, 210 m, 2017.VIII.3, Wang GQ (same date as holotype). Distribution. China (Guangxi). Remarks. The single female specimen was collected with the two male type specimens from Pingtianshan Mountain National Forest Park of Guangxi. Since the female was put aside in different vial and recently found among unidentified materials, we confirmed their identity by molecular study. Unfortunately, the female contains no eggs., Published as part of MO, RAORAO, WANG, GUOQUAN, YANG, DING, LI, WEIHAI & MURÁNYI, DÁVID, 2022, Review and contribution to the stoneflies (Insecta: Plecoptera) of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China, with new species and new records from South China, pp. 1-80 in Zootaxa 5176 (1) on page 37, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5176.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7025356, {"references":["Mo, R. R., Wang, Y., Wang, G. Q., Li, W. H. & Muranyi, D. (2021 f) Two new species and three new provincial records of Neoperla (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from Nanling Mountains, China. Zootaxa, 5040 (2), 195 - 214. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5040.2.2"]}

Nemoura alticalcaneum Mo, Wang & Li, sp. nov. (Figs. 2–4) Adult habitus. Head and mouthparts black; antennae brown but scapus and pedicel darker, palpi brown; compound eyes black. Pronotum dark brown, rectangular, corners rounded, with obscure rugosities. Legs pale brown but the apical half of tibia of hindlegs brown to dark brown; wings brownish with dark marks around the X pattern and in the basal costal field, veins dark. Abdominal segments brown but terminalia darker with pale hairs. Male (Figs. 2–4). Forewing length 5.5–5.7 mm (n=2). Tergum 9 (Figs. 2c, 3b) slightly sclerotized except anterior margin heavily sclerotized, constricted medially with a deep and broad, semicircular posterior indentation, and a few long hairs along posterior margin. Sternum 9 (Figs. 2b, 3a) with stubby claviform vesicle, length ca. 2X maximum width, slightly constricted basally; hypoproct at first half broad and rectangular, gradually tapering towards the sharp apex, with an abruptly constricted subapically. Tergum 10 (Figs. 2c, 3b) mostly sclerotized, with a narrow membranous longitudinal concavity beneath epiproct; lacks spines. Cercus (Figs. 2b–2c, 3a, 3b, 3d, 4b) basally distinctly sclerotized, medially with a ventrolateral short process (Figs. 2b–2c, 3a–3b): the process has a distinct basal bald stalk and a black spine; apical half mostly membranous, and gradually tapering towards sharp tip forming a black spike curved dorsad. Epiproct (Figs. 2c–2d, 3b, 4): rectangular, nearly 2X longer than width, with a short and rounded cone-shaped projection. Medium sized basal cushion located above the small basal sclerite. Pair of small dark ventral arms delimitate dorsal sclerite ventrally, subtriangular in lateral view. Lateral arms distinctly sclerotized, subrectangular, originate from basal dorsal fold and run along lateral sides of the epiproct. Ventral sclerite basally with a pair of small lateral knobs, after the broad base it is continued in a stout and short basal plate that bears two rows of three to four stout spines; ring of the ventral sclerite originates before the apical part of basal plate, moderately long and subrectangular, covered by a large membranous lobe; prongs widely connected to the ring, conical and lacks distinct teeth; the cone-shaped projection is short and wide, linear sclerotized area indistinct. Paraproct (Figs. 2b–2c, 3) divided into two lobes: outer lobe distinctly sclerotized and subdivided, inner lobe slightly sclerotized, long, slender and triangular with a rounded tip. Basal half of outer lobe is broad, with a triangular inner portion subdivided from outer portion and the apical half; apical half strongly sclerotized, curved outwards basally and then strongly upwards, apex is tapering toward the sharp tip forming a high-heeled process, curved inwards. Female. Unknown. Type material. Holotype: male (CAU), China: Guangxi, Guilin City, Xing’an County, Tongren Village, Maoershan National Natural Reserve, 25°54'18" N, 110°26'24" E, 1873 m, 2004.V.4, Yang D. Paratype: 1 male (HIST), the same data as the holotype. Etymology. The name refers to the high-heeled process of the apical half of the outer paraproct lobe. Latin “ altus ” means high, and “ calcaneum ” means heel. (Shimizu 1997; Sivec & Stark 2010a). It can be distinguished from the latter by the following characters: the cercal segment has a slender apical spike and lacks dorsal seta; the apical portion of hypoproct is slim with a sharp tip; the paraproct has complex outer lobe, apically with a high-heeled process. In N. magniseta, the cercal segment has a rounded simple tip and dorsally bears a distinct seta; the apical portion of the hypoproct is nipple-like with a rounded tip; the paraproct is simple, its outer lobe having a small mesoapical projection. In general, the exceptionally modified, subdivided outer lobe of the paraproct is unique among the Nemoura species., Published as part of MO, RAORAO, WANG, GUOQUAN, YANG, DING, LI, WEIHAI & MURÁNYI, DÁVID, 2022, Review and contribution to the stoneflies (Insecta: Plecoptera) of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China, with new species and new records from South China, pp. 1-80 in Zootaxa 5176 (1) on pages 6-7, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5176.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7025356, {"references":["Shimizu, T. (1997) The species of the Nemoura ovocercia group (Plecoptera: Nemouridae). Aquatic Insects, 19 (4), 193 - 218. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 01650429709361656","Sivec, I. & Stark, B. P. (2010 a) Eight new species of the genus Nemoura (Plecoptera: Nemouridae) from Thailand and Vietnam. Illiesia, 6 (21), 277 - 287."]}

Neoperla guangxiensis Du & Sivec, 2004 (Fig. 27) Neoperla guangxiensis Du & Sivec, 2004. In: Yang, 2004: 41, 44; Li, Wang & Lu, 2011: 57; Yang & Li, 2018: 40. Material examined. 5 males (HIST), China: Guangxi, Fangchenggang City, Shangsi County, Shiwandashan National Forest Park, 21°50'34" N, 107°51'48" E, 365 m, 2015.III.28, light trap, Kontschán J, Li JY, Li S, Li WH, Murányi D, Wang GQ. Distribution. China (Guangxi). Remarks. This species was originally described from Fulong Town of Fangchenggang City, Guangxi by Du & Sivec (2004) and is a member of the Neoperla sinensis species subgroup (Li & Yan 2021). The five male specimens of this species from Shiwandashan National Forest Park in the same city, agree well with the original description and illustration (see fig. 2 in Du & Sivec 2004). It seems to be restricted to the Shiwandashan Mountains. We present herein the detailed color illustration (Fig. 27) for a better recognition of this species., Published as part of MO, RAORAO, WANG, GUOQUAN, YANG, DING, LI, WEIHAI & MURÁNYI, DÁVID, 2022, Review and contribution to the stoneflies (Insecta: Plecoptera) of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China, with new species and new records from South China, pp. 1-80 in Zootaxa 5176 (1) on page 36, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5176.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7025356, {"references":["Du, Y. Z. & Sivec, I. (2004) Plecoptera: Perlidae, Nemouridae, Leuctridae. In: Yang, X. K. (Ed.), Insects from Mt. Shiwandashan Area of Guangxi. China Forestry Publishing House, Beijing, pp. 39 - 45.","Li, W. H., Wang, H. L. & Lu, W. Y. (2011 a) Species of the genus Neoperla (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from Henan, China. Zootaxa, 2735 (1), 57 - 63. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2735.1.6","Yang, D. & Li, W. H. (2018) Plecoptera. Species Catalogue of China. Vol. 2. Animals, Insecta (III). Science Press, Beijing, 71 pp.","Li, W. H. & Yan, Y. H. (2021) Two new species and a new synonym of Neoperla (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from China, with proposal of a new species group. Zootaxa, 5047 (4), 431 - 443. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5047.4.3"]}

Neoperla pani Chen & Du, 2016 (Fig. 31) Neoperla pani Chen & Du, 2016: 589. Material examined. 1 male (HIST), China: Guangxi, Guilin City, Multinational Autonomous County of Longsheng, at gate of Huaping National Nature Reserve, 25°37'37" N, 109°54'41" E, 734 m, 2019.VIII.30, light trap, Wang GQ, Mo RR, Liu LX, Qin FP, Mo YY. Distribution. China (Guangxi and Zhejiang). Remarks. The single male specimen of Neoperla pani from Huaping National Nature Reserve is the first record from Guangxi. It agrees well with the original description and illustrations in regards to the head pattern, the dorsal terminalia and aedeagus (see figs. 1–6, 8, Chen & Du 2016). It is a member of the Neoperla clymene group. The illustrations (Fig. 31) presented here improve recognition of this species., Published as part of MO, RAORAO, WANG, GUOQUAN, YANG, DING, LI, WEIHAI & MURÁNYI, DÁVID, 2022, Review and contribution to the stoneflies (Insecta: Plecoptera) of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China, with new species and new records from South China, pp. 1-80 in Zootaxa 5176 (1) on page 37, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5176.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7025356, {"references":["Chen, Z. T. & Du, Y. Z. (2016) A new species of Neoperla (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from Zhejiang Province of China. Zootaxa, 4093 (4), 589 - 594. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4093.4.12"]}

Neoperla xuansongae Li & Li, 2013 (Figs. 34–36) Neoperla xuansongae Li & Li, 2013. In: Li, Liang & Li, 2013: 362; Qin, Murányi, Wang & Li, 2013: 11; Yang & Li, 2018: 44. Eggs (Fig. 36). Length 361–368 μm, width 243–252 μm (N=6, from one female). Elongate oval in shape with flanged, with 3–4 rows of irregularly shaped FCIs towards collar rim; anchor membranous with globular bodies in loose groups. Lid slightly wider than collar, bearing conspicuous FCIs over the entire surface and covered with fine punctations. Material examined. 1 male (HIST), China: Guangxi, Laibin City, Jinxiu Yao Autonomous County, Dayaoshan National Natural Reserve, Yinshan Park, 24°9'36" N, 110°13'44" E, 1151 m, 2020. VI.27, light trap, Mo RR, Lai Y et al .; 2 males (HIST), Guangxi, Laibin City, Jinxiu Yao Autonomous County, Dayaoshan National Natural Reserve, Shengtang Mountain, 23°58'32" N, 110°6'49" E, 1149 m, 2020. VI.12, light trap, Mo RR, Lai Y et al .; 2 males and E, 887 m, 2020. VI.16, light trap, Mo RR, Lai Y et al.; 2 males and 3 females (HIST), Guangxi, Guilin City, Lingui County, Huaping National Nature Reserve, Anjiangping Station, 25°33'43" N, 109°56'16" E, 1331 m, 2020. VI.19, light trap, Mo RR, Lai Y et al.; 1 male (HIST), Guangxi, Baise City, Mt. Cenwanglaoshan, weather Station, 24°29'33" N, 106°23'53" E, 1300 m, 2013. V. 4, Wei MC, Niu GY. Distribution. China (Fujian, Guangxi and Zhejiang). Remarks. This species was originally described from Tianmushan Mountain, a famous Mountain of Zhejiang Province (Li et al. 2013a). In the same year, it was reported from Wuyishan Mountain of Fujian Province by Qin et al. (2013). This species is newly recorded for Guangxi in the present study. Our male specimens agree well with the figures on Zhejiang and Fujian specimens (see figs. 8–9 in Li et al. 2013a and fig. 8 in Qin et al. 2013). We provide color photographs of a male head, terminalia, and fully extruded aedeagus (Fig. 34), first description of the female (Fig. 35) and egg (Fig. 36) to improve identifications in the future. The female is tentatively associated through collection with males, and having similar head and pronotum pattern.

Nemoura alticalcaneum Mo, Wang & Li, sp. nov. (Figs. 2–4) Adult habitus. Head and mouthparts black; antennae brown but scapus and pedicel darker, palpi brown; compound eyes black. Pronotum dark brown, rectangular, corners rounded, with obscure rugosities. Legs pale brown but the apical half of tibia of hindlegs brown to dark brown; wings brownish with dark marks around the X pattern and in the basal costal field, veins dark. Abdominal segments brown but terminalia darker with pale hairs. Male (Figs. 2–4). Forewing length 5.5–5.7 mm (n=2). Tergum 9 (Figs. 2c, 3b) slightly sclerotized except anterior margin heavily sclerotized, constricted medially with a deep and broad, semicircular posterior indentation, and a few long hairs along posterior margin. Sternum 9 (Figs. 2b, 3a) with stubby claviform vesicle, length ca. 2X maximum width, slightly constricted basally; hypoproct at first half broad and rectangular, gradually tapering towards the sharp apex, with an abruptly constricted subapically. Tergum 10 (Figs. 2c, 3b) mostly sclerotized, with a narrow membranous longitudinal concavity beneath epiproct; lacks spines. Cercus (Figs. 2b–2c, 3a, 3b, 3d, 4b) basally distinctly sclerotized, medially with a ventrolateral short process (Figs. 2b–2c, 3a–3b): the process has a distinct basal bald stalk and a black spine; apical half mostly membranous, and gradually tapering towards sharp tip forming a black spike curved dorsad. Epiproct (Figs. 2c–2d, 3b, 4): rectangular, nearly 2X longer than width, with a short and rounded cone-shaped projection. Medium sized basal cushion located above the small basal sclerite. Pair of small dark ventral arms delimitate dorsal sclerite ventrally, subtriangular in lateral view. Lateral arms distinctly sclerotized, subrectangular, originate from basal dorsal fold and run along lateral sides of the epiproct. Ventral sclerite basally with a pair of small lateral knobs, after the broad base it is continued in a stout and short basal plate that bears two rows of three to four stout spines; ring of the ventral sclerite originates before the apical part of basal plate, moderately long and subrectangular, covered by a large membranous lobe; prongs widely connected to the ring, conical and lacks distinct teeth; the cone-shaped projection is short and wide, linear sclerotized area indistinct. Paraproct (Figs. 2b–2c, 3) divided into two lobes: outer lobe distinctly sclerotized and subdivided, inner lobe slightly sclerotized, long, slender and triangular with a rounded tip. Basal half of outer lobe is broad, with a triangular inner portion subdivided from outer portion and the apical half; apical half strongly sclerotized, curved outwards basally and then strongly upwards, apex is tapering toward the sharp tip forming a high-heeled process, curved inwards. Female. Unknown. Type material. Holotype: male (CAU), China: Guangxi, Guilin City, Xing’an County, Tongren Village, Maoershan National Natural Reserve, 25°54'18" N, 110°26'24" E, 1873 m, 2004.V.4, Yang D. Paratype: 1 male (HIST), the same data as the holotype. Etymology. The name refers to the high-heeled process of the apical half of the outer paraproct lobe. Latin “ altus ” means high, and “ calcaneum ” means heel. (Shimizu 1997; Sivec & Stark 2010a). It can be distinguished from the latter by the following characters: the cercal segment has a slender apical spike and lacks dorsal seta; the apical portion of hypoproct is slim with a sharp tip; the paraproct has complex outer lobe, apically with a high-heeled process. In N. magniseta, the cercal segment has a rounded simple tip and dorsally bears a distinct seta; the apical portion of the hypoproct is nipple-like with a rounded tip; the paraproct is simple, its outer lobe having a small mesoapical projection. In general, the exceptionally modified, subdivided outer lobe of the paraproct is unique among the Nemoura species.

Nemoura cucurbitata Mo, Wang, Yang & Li, 2020 (Fig. 5) Nemoura cucurbitata Mo, Wang, Yang & Li, 2020: 145. Female (Fig. 5). Sternum 7 extended medially, forming a well-developed, broadly circular and swollen pregenital plate, which is strongly sclerotized, overlapping sternum 8 completely and anterior margin of sternum 9. Sternum 8 shortened medially, with a pair of bicolored, rounded triangular vaginal lobes on the posterior margin, partly hidden by posterolateral edge of pregenital plate. Sternum 9 extended anteromedially, trapezoidal; paraprocts short and rounded. Material examined. 2 males and 2 females (HIST), China: Guangxi, Guilin City, Xing’an County, Maoershan National Nature Reserve, Grand Canyon, 25°51'27" N, 110°28'0" E, 523 m, 2020. VI.20, Mo RR, Lai Y et al.; 4 males and 3 females (HIST), Guangxi, Laibin City, Jinxiu Yao Autonomous County, Dayaoshan National Natural Reserve, Shengtang Mountain, 23°58'32" N, 110°6'49" E, 1149 m, 2020. VI.12, Mo RR, Lai Y et al.; 1 female (HIST), same data as above, 2020. VI.13. Distribution. China (Guangxi). Remarks. The male of this species is characterized by the gourd-shaped epiproct and the hooked apical half of outer paraproct lobe (Mo et al. 2020h). In the present study, the female of this species is described for the first time but it is less distinctive, and cannot be distinguished from several congeners., Published as part of MO, RAORAO, WANG, GUOQUAN, YANG, DING, LI, WEIHAI & MURÁNYI, DÁVID, 2022, Review and contribution to the stoneflies (Insecta: Plecoptera) of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China, with new species and new records from South China, pp. 1-80 in Zootaxa 5176 (1) on page 10, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5176.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7025356, {"references":["Li, W. H., Mo, R. R. & Wang, G. Q. (2020) Two new species of Neoperla montivaga group (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of southern China. Zootaxa, 4718 (4), 573 - 583. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4718.4.10","Mo, R. R., Wang, G. Q., Yang, D. & Li, W. H. (2020 h) Nemoura cucurbitata (Plecoptera: Nemouridae), a new stonefly species from Guangxi, China. Zootaxa, 4731 (1), 145 - 150. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4731.1.10"]}

Sinacroneuria wui (Yang & Yang, 1998) (Figs. 14–15) Acroneuria wui Yang & Yang, 1998: 42; Sinacroneuria wui: Du, Sivec & Zhao, 2001. In: Wu & Pan, 2001: 75; Li, Murányi & Wang, 2014: 290; Murányi & Li, 2016: 185; Yang & Li, 2018: 48. Material examined. 2 males (HIST), China: Guangdong, Shaoguan City, Chebaling National Nature Reserve, Xiba, 24°43'48" N, 114°15'36" E, 360 m, 2016.V.2, light trap, Luo XY, Liu YQ, Xun HS & Zhao YS; 3 males (HIST), Guangxi, Guilin City, Multinational Autonomous County of Longsheng, Huaping National Nature Reserve, 25°38'24" N, 109°54'0" E, 469 m, 2008.V.1, Cai WZ. Distribution. China (Guangdong, Guangxi and Zhejiang). Remarks. This species was originally described from Longwangshan Mountain located in Zhejiang Province by Yang & Yang (1998) and assigned to the genus Acroneuria Pictet, 1841. Later, Du et al. (2001) moved it to Sinacroneuria. In the present study, this species is recorded from Guangdong and Guangxi for the first time. Our male specimens agree well with the type material (Yang & Yang 1998). We provided the color illustrations (Figs. 14–15) of head pattern, terminalia and fully extruded aedeagus to facilitate the identifying of this species.

Nemoura ganeum Mo, Yang & Li, sp. nov. (Figs. 6 –9) Adult habitus. Head and mouthparts black; antennae dark brown, palpi brown; compound eyes black. Pronotum dark brown, rectangular, corners rounded with obscure, black cuticular rugosities. Legs pale brown; wings brownish, subhyaline with dark veins. Abdominal segments brown but terminalia darker with pale hairs. Male (Figs. 6–8). Forewing length 5.4–5.7 mm (n=2). Tergum 9 (Figs. 6c, 7b) slightly sclerotized except antecosta heavily sclerotized, constricted medially with a deep, broad semicircular anterior indentation; a triangular posterior indentation present with a few long hairs along posterior margin. Sternum 9 (Figs. 6b, 6d, 7a, 7c) with claviform vesicle, length ca. 3X maximum width, slightly constricted basally; hypoproct basally broad and oval, gradually tapering medially to a rounded tip. Tergum 10 (Figs. 6c, 7b) mostly sclerotized, medially with a narrow membranous longitudinal elliptical concavity in front of epiproct, lacks spines. Cercus (Figs. 6b–6d, 7, 8a) basally distinctly sclerotized but apical half mostly membranous, sclerotized portion gradually tapered to a sharp tip forming a strongly upcurved black spine; cercus length twice width. Epiproct (Figs. 6c–6d, 7b–7d, 8): subquadrate, nearly as long as wide, with a moderately long and rounded cone-shaped apical projection. Medium sized basal cushion located above the basal sclerite. Pair of small dark ventral arms delimit dorsal sclerite ventrally, subtriangular in lateral view. Lateral arms distinctly sclerotized, subrectangular, originate from basal dorsal fold that do not run along lateral sides of the epiproct. Ventral sclerite basally with pair of small lateral knobs, after the broad base continued in a stout basal plate that bears two rows of six spines; ring of the ventral sclerite originates before the apical part of basal plate, moderately long and rounded; prongs widely connected to the ring, tongue-shaped and armed with two teeth; the cone-shaped projection is moderately long and wide, linear sclerotized area distinct. Paraproct (Figs. 6b, 6d, 7) divided into two lobes: outer lobe sclerotized, basal half broad and subtrapezoidal, apical half membranous; inner lobe sclerotized, slender and claviform with a rounded tip. Female (Fig. 9). Sternum 7 extended medially, forming a well-developed, broadly hexagonal pregenital plate, which is strongly sclerotized, overlapping sternum 8 completely; ring-shaped inner sclerite transparent through its surface after NaOH treatment. Sternum 8 shortened medially, with a pair of pale brown subrectangular vaginal lobes on the posterior margin, partly hidden by posterolateral edge of pregenital plate. Sternum 9 extended anteromedially, trapezoidal; paraproct triangular, with pointed apex curved laterally. Type material. Holotype: male (HIST), China: Guangxi, Nanning City, Wuming County, Damingshan National Nature Reserve, vicinity of a restaurant, 23°29'45" N, 108°26'14" E, 1225 m, 2015.III.22, Kontschán J, Li JY, Li S, Li WH, Murányi D, Wang GQ; Paratypes: 1 male (HNHM), 1 female (HIST), same location and collectors as holotype Etymology. The name refers to the restaurant where it was collected. The Latin “ ganeum ” means restaurant. Distribution. China (Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region). Remarks. The new species belongs to the ovocercia group, and it is most similar to certain northeast Indian species, namely Nemoura chugi Aubert, 1967 and N. mawlangi Aubert, 1967 (Aubert 1967; Shimizu 1997). These species have similar paraprocts, and similar cercus and epiproct. Both can be distinguished from the new species on the basis of having their cercal spine originating about the middle length of cercus, and the prongs of the epiproct are sharp, instead of tongue-shaped. These two Indian species were indicated as members of the cercispinosa complex by Baumann (1975), however, they meet with the definition of the ovocercia group sensu Shimizu (1997)., Published as part of MO, RAORAO, WANG, GUOQUAN, YANG, DING, LI, WEIHAI & MURÁNYI, DÁVID, 2022, Review and contribution to the stoneflies (Insecta: Plecoptera) of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China, with new species and new records from South China, pp. 1-80 in Zootaxa 5176 (1) on pages 11-14, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5176.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7025356, {"references":["Aubert, J. (1967) Les Nemouridae de l'Assam (Plecopteres). Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 39 (3 - 4), 209 - 253. https: // doi. org / 10.5169 / seals- 401525","Shimizu, T. (1997) The species of the Nemoura ovocercia group (Plecoptera: Nemouridae). Aquatic Insects, 19 (4), 193 - 218. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 01650429709361656","Baumann, R. W. (1975) Revision of the stonefly family Nemouridae (Plecoptera): A study of the world fauna at the generic level. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 211, 1 - 74. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.211"]}

Nemoura tauripitis Mo, Li & Murányi, sp. nov. (Figs. 11 –13) Adult habitus. Head and mouthparts pale brown; antennae pale brown, palpi pale; compound eyes black. Pronotum pale brown, rectangular, corners rounded with obscure darker cuticular rugosities. Legs brown; wings brownish subhyaline with brown veins. Abdominal segments brown but terminalia darker with pale hairs. Male (Figs. 11 –13). Forewing length 5.4–5.8 mm (n=3). Tergum 8 (Figs. 11c, 12b) weakly sclerotized, with four large, stout spines. Tergum 9 (Figs. 11c–11d, 12b) sclerotized, constricted medially with a deep and broad, semicircular indentation anteriorly, and produced posteromedially into a pair of distinct triangular processes. The processes are armed asymmetrically with 1–2 large apical spines, and several scattered large median spines. Sternum 9 (Figs. 11b, 12a) with slender claviform vesicle, length ca. 4X maximum width, slightly constricted basally; hypoproct basally broad and oval, abruptly tapering toward rounded tip. Tergum 10 (Figs. 11c–11d, 12b, 13e) mostly sclerotized but medially with a narrow, weakly sclerotized longitudinal concavity; large and stout spines occur medially on the tergum along the concavity, and a pair of large humps present on either sides of the concavity, ending in a large spine at tip. Cercus (Figs. 11b–11c, 12a–12b, 12d, 13a–13b, 13d) distinctly sclerotized, except inner margin membranous; a large ventrobasal hooked process originating from the inner basal portion, curved dorsad; apex of cercus rounded, curved inwards. Epiproct (Figs. 11c–11d, 12b, 13): bull head shaped, nearly 1.5X longer than the widest width. Large basal cushion located above the small basal sclerite. Pair of large dark ventral sclerite basally with pair of small lateral knobs, after the moderately broad base continued in a stout basal plate that bears rows of five to six spines; ring of the ventral sclerite very small and thin, originates before the apical part of basal plate, covered by a membranous lobe; prongs widely connected to the ring, horn-shaped and curved outwards, lacks teeth; the cone-shaped projection is short and slim, linear sclerotized area indistinct. Paraproct (Figs. 11b, 12a, 12c–12d) divided into two lobes: outer lobe sclerotized, large apically rounded, with a weakly sclerotized oval area at the inner base; inner lobe sclerotized, short and slender, banded with a truncated tip. Female. Unknown. Type material. Holotype: male (CAU), Guangxi, Fangchenggang City, Shangsi County, Shiwandashan National Forest Park, 21°50'34" N, 107°51'48" E, 365 m, 2006.VIII.28, light trap, Liao YX. Paratypes: 1 male (CAU), 1 male (HIST), same data as holotype, Etymology. The name refers to the bull head shaped epiproct. Latin “ taurus ” means bull, and “ -pitis ” means head. Distribution. China (Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region). Remarks. The new species has a similar male sternum 9, male tergum 10, paraproct and cercus to that of two Chinese species: Nemoura cochleocercia Wu, 1962 and N. mucronata Li & Yang, 2008. However, the new species is easily distinguished from N. cochleocercia and N. mucronata by the distinctive prongs of the epiproct. In addition, the cercus of N. cochleocercia is much wider than that of the new species, while the hooked process of the cercus originates around midlength in N. mucronata, contrary to the basal position of the process of the new species. The new species is most similar to the Indian species, N. chugi. They share similar male sternum 9, paraproct and cercus and the horn-sharped prongs of epiproct, but the new species can be separated from the latter by tergum 10 having a pair of triangular processes, epiproct having a well sclerotized pair of lateral arms and the subtrapezoidal basal cushion. In N. chugi, according to the original description, tergum 10 is simple and lacks additional processes or humps, and the epiproct lacks sclerotized lateral arms and the basal cushion is rectangular. In addition, the apical portion of epiproct in the new species is covered by a membranous lobe, while the original figures of N. chugi do not show any membranous lobe., Published as part of MO, RAORAO, WANG, GUOQUAN, YANG, DING, LI, WEIHAI & MURÁNYI, DÁVID, 2022, Review and contribution to the stoneflies (Insecta: Plecoptera) of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China, with new species and new records from South China, pp. 1-80 in Zootaxa 5176 (1) on pages 16-19, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5176.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7025356, {"references":["Wu, C. F. (1962) Results of the Zoologico Botanical expedition to Southwest China, 1955 - 1957 (Plecoptera). Acta Entomologica Sinica, 11, 139 - 153. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5071.3.8","Li, W. H. & Yang, D. (2008) New species of Nemouridae (Plecoptera) from China. Aquatic Insects, 30 (3), 205 - 221. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 01650420802334038"]}

Tyloperla courtneyi Stark & Sivec, 2005 (Figs. 21–22) Tyloperla courtneyi Stark & Sivec, 2005: 1; Stark & Sivec, 2014: 41. Supplementary description. Head pale, with a dark brown subtriangular spot on frons and a dark brown subrectangular interocellar patch. Tergum 7 posteromedially with a small, oval, medial patch of sensilla basiconica. Tergum 8 with large, laterally lobed semicircular posteromedial sclerotized portion, bearing dense sensilla basiconica. Tergum 9 medially lightly sclerotized, but with large patch of sensilla basiconica on a hump, posterior edge with darkly sclerotized portion. Hemitergal processes of tergum 10 flat and triangular in lateral view. Aedeagus (Fig. 22): the everted aedeagus is hook-shaped, mostly membranous, with a blunt tip; basal sclerite well developed. Aedeagal tube ventrally with a pair of small, indistinct subapical lobes, and a pair of ventrolateral lobes in the apical part, the latter are armed with small triangular spines; lateral surface of apical half covered with a small patch of small spines. Aedeagal sac strongly curved dorsally, forming an open loop; apical half fully armed with triangular spines gradually lessen towards the apex, but apical spines denser except for bare basal half of the ventral surface. Material examined. 8 males (HIST), China: Guangxi, Guilin City, Multinational Autonomous County of Longsheng, Huaping National Nature Reserve, Cujiang Station, 25°36'16" N, 109°54'21" E, 887 m, 2020.VI.16, light trap, Mo RR, Lai Y et al. Remarks. This species was originally described from Doi Inthanon National Park of Chiang Mai City, northern Thailand by Stark & Sivec (2005). Eight male specimens of this species from Guangxi of southern China agree well a posteromedial patch of sensilla basiconica, and aedeagal tube subapically with a pair of indistinct small ventral lobes and laterally covered with a small subapical patch of tiny spines (compare Figs. 21–22 with fig. 1–4 in Stark & Sivec 2005), while in the type specimens, the spines of spiny lobes slightly extended to dorsal surface. These differences can be regarded as intraspecific variation. We provide additional color illustrations (Figs. 21–22) for aiding the recognition of this species., Published as part of MO, RAORAO, WANG, GUOQUAN, YANG, DING, LI, WEIHAI & MURÁNYI, DÁVID, 2022, Review and contribution to the stoneflies (Insecta: Plecoptera) of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China, with new species and new records from South China, pp. 1-80 in Zootaxa 5176 (1) on pages 26-28, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5176.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7025356, {"references":["Stark, P. B. & Sivec, I. (2005) New species of Tyloperla (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from Vietnam and Thailand. Illiesia, 1 (1), 1 - 7.","Stark, B. P. & Sivec, I. (2014) Three New Species of Tyloperla Sivec & Stark (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from India. Illiesia, 10 (4), 32 - 42."]}

Neoperla guangxiensis Du & Sivec, 2004 (Fig. 27) Neoperla guangxiensis Du & Sivec, 2004. In: Yang, 2004: 41, 44; Li, Wang & Lu, 2011: 57; Yang & Li, 2018: 40. Material examined. 5 males (HIST), China: Guangxi, Fangchenggang City, Shangsi County, Shiwandashan National Forest Park, 21°50'34" N, 107°51'48" E, 365 m, 2015.III.28, light trap, Kontschán J, Li JY, Li S, Li WH, Murányi D, Wang GQ. Distribution. China (Guangxi). Remarks. This species was originally described from Fulong Town of Fangchenggang City, Guangxi by Du & Sivec (2004) and is a member of the Neoperla sinensis species subgroup (Li & Yan 2021). The five male specimens of this species from Shiwandashan National Forest Park in the same city, agree well with the original description and illustration (see fig. 2 in Du & Sivec 2004). It seems to be restricted to the Shiwandashan Mountains. We present herein the detailed color illustration (Fig. 27) for a better recognition of this species.

Claassenia magna Wu, 1948 (Figs. 16–20) Claassenia magna Wu, 1948: 146; Illies, 1966: 328; Du, Sivec & He, 1999: 60; Du, 1999: 304; Yang & Li, 2018: 24. Supplementary description of male (Figs. 16, 17a–17b, 18–20). Head pale, with a pair of short brown or dark brown bands linking anterior and posterior ocelli. Pronotum rectangular; anterior corners acute, posterior corners rounded; margins and median band brown. Femora mostly pale, tibiae dark brown, tarsi brown. Wings light brown, veins dark brown. Sternum 9 moderately elongated and slightly sclerotized except an inverted, subtrapezoidal sclerotized patch linking to hammer, and a heavily sclerotized posteromedial band; hammer is large, bald and rounded in ventral view, Tergum 8 bears a small posteromedial, rounded patch of sensilla basiconica. Tergum 9 posteromedially with a big oval patch of sensilla basiconica. Hemitergal processes of tergum 10 sclerotized, basally curved inward, claviform, apex blunt and covered with tiny spines. Fully everted aedeagus (Figs. 16b–d, 17a–17b, 19c, 19d, 20) tubular, membranous, with a blunt tip; apical half of dorsal surface covered with pale, short hairs. Female (Figs. 17c–17e,). Head pattern similar to male, but further body pattern is distinctly different. Pronotum dark brown, legs dark brown with apex of femora light brown. Wing dark brown, veins dark. Sternum 8 lightly sclerotized; posteromedial area slightly produced into an obscure subgenital plate. The female was associated through COI sequencing. Eggs. Available females were void of eggs. Material examined. 1 male (HIST), China: Guangxi, Nanning City, Wuming County, Liangjiang Town, Neichao Village, 23°29'32" N, 108°21'29" E, 230 m, 2017.VII.13, light trap, Mo RR, Lai Y; 1 male (COI NO. PC67) (HIST), same location as above, 2018. V.5, light trap, Wang GQ; 1 male (COI NO. PC66) (HIST), Guangxi, Laibin City, Jinxiu Yao Autonomous County, Dayaoshan National Natural Reserve, Yinshan Park, 24°10'07" N, 110°14'38" E, 1150 m, 2016. V.21, Liu XY; 2 males (HIST), Guangxi, Laibin City, Jinxiu Yao Autonomous County, Fenzhan Village, 24°7'31" N, 110°12'14" E, 810 m, 2020. VI.24, light trap, Mo RR, Lai Y et al.; 1 male (COI NO. C22) (HIST), same location and collectors as above, 2020. VI.24; 11 males and 1 female (COI NO. C21) (HIST), same location and collectors as above, 2020. VI.23; 1 male (COI NO. C23) (HIST), Hunan, Chenzhou City, Yizhang County, Mangshan National Forest Park, 643–1769 m, 24°58'48" N, 112°54'36" E, 2020.IX.7, Mo RR; 1 male (COI NO. C24) (HIST), Hunan, Shaoyang City, Xining County, Shunhuangshan, Shunfei Hotel, 760–780 m, 26°24'1" N, 111°0'11" E, 2020.VIII.26, light trap, Deng M. Distribution. China (Fujian, Guangxi and Hunan). Remarks. The above males collected from Guangxi and Hunan match the original description and redescription of Claassenia magna Wu, 1948 (Du 1999; Wu 1948). The simple aedeagus, and the female of this species are described and illustrated for the first time. The female was associated with the male by molecular studies. Two males of this species from Nanling Mountains are new province records for Hunan., Published as part of MO, RAORAO, WANG, GUOQUAN, YANG, DING, LI, WEIHAI & MURÁNYI, DÁVID, 2022, Review and contribution to the stoneflies (Insecta: Plecoptera) of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China, with new species and new records from South China, pp. 1-80 in Zootaxa 5176 (1) on pages 19-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5176.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7025356, {"references":["Wu, C. F. (1948) Fifth supplement to the stoneflies of China (Order Plecoptera). Peking Natural History Bulletin, 17 (2), 145 - 150.","Illies, J. (1966) Katalog der rezenten Plecoptera. Das Tierreich. Lfg. 82. De Gruyter, Berlin, 632 pp.","Du, Y. Z., Sivec, I. & He, J. H. (1999) A checklist of the Chinese species of the family Perlidae (Plecoptera: Perloidea). Acta Entomologica Slovenica, 7, 59 - 67.","Yang, D. & Li, W. H. (2018) Plecoptera. Species Catalogue of China. Vol. 2. Animals, Insecta (III). Science Press, Beijing, 71 pp.","Yang, D. & Yang, C. K. (1998) Plecoptera: Styloperlidae, Perlidae and Leuctridae. In: Wu, H. Z. (Ed.), Insects of Longwangshan Nature Reserve. China Forestry Publishing House, Beijing, pp. 40 - 46."]}

Neoperla henana Li, Wu & Zhang, 2011 (Figs. 28–30) Neoperla henana Li, Wu & Zhang, 2011: 33; Li & Wang. 2012: 262; Qin, Murányi, Wang & Li, 2013: 6; Li, Li, Feng & Wang, 2014: 178; Yang & Li, 2018: 40. Female (Fig. 29). Forewing length 12.2–13.5 mm (n=6). Habitus generally similar to male. Sternum 8 slightly sclerotized, posteromedially produced into a short but distinct, triangular subgenital plate with a blunt tip. inconspicuous. Micropyles sessile, dispersed between striae, set on subequatorial line. Collar short and with distinct but sessile flange, subtended by 2–3 rows of semicircular impressions; anchor not studied. Lid slightly wider than collar, bears conspicuous follicle cell impressions (FCIs) over the entire surface and fully covered with fine punctations. Material examined. 4 males (COI NO. C71, C72) (HIST), China: Guangxi, Guilin City, Multinational Autonomous County of Longsheng, Huaping National Nature Reserve, 25°38'24" N, 109°54'0" E, 469 m, 2020.VIII.16, light trap, Mo RR, Qin FP; 1 male and 6 females (COI NO. C5, C10) (HIST), Guangxi, Guilin City, Multinational Autonomous County of Longsheng, at gate of Huaping National Nature Reserve, 25°37'37" N, 109°54'41" E, 734 m, 2019.VIII.30, light trap, Wang GQ, Mo RR, Liu LX, Qin FP, Mo YY. Distribution. China (Fujian, Guangxi and Henan). Remarks. This species was originally described from Henan Province by Li et al. (2011b), and subsequently recorded from Fujian Province by Qin et al. (2013). In the present study, we add Guangxi as the third province of distribution for this species. Our male specimens agree well with the figures provided by Li et al. (2011b) (see figs. 1–5) and Qin et al. (2013) (see fig. 3). Female association was confirmed by molecular study. In addition, the female and eggs of this species are described for the first time. We provide additional illustrations (Figs. 28–30) for both sexes and eggs to aid in the recognition of this relatively widespread Chinese species., Published as part of MO, RAORAO, WANG, GUOQUAN, YANG, DING, LI, WEIHAI & MURÁNYI, DÁVID, 2022, Review and contribution to the stoneflies (Insecta: Plecoptera) of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China, with new species and new records from South China, pp. 1-80 in Zootaxa 5176 (1) on pages 36-37, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5176.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7025356, {"references":["Li, W. H., Wu, L. M. & Zhang, H. R. (2011 b) A new species of the genus Neoperla (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from Henan, China. Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 36 (1), 33 - 35.","Qin, X. F., Muranyi, D., Wang, G. Q. & Li, W. H. (2013) Stoneflies of the genus Neoperla (Plecoptera, Perlidae) from Wuyi Mountain National Nature Reserve, Fujian of China. Zookeys, 326, 1 - 16. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 326.5911","Yang, D. & Li, W. H. (2018) Plecoptera. Species Catalogue of China. Vol. 2. Animals, Insecta (III). Science Press, Beijing, 71 pp."]}

Neoperla similidella Li & Wang, 2013 (Fig. 33) Neoperla similidella Li & Wang, 2013. In: Li, Wang & Qin, 2013: 25; Qin, Murányi, Wang & Li, 2013: 11; Yang & Li, 2018: 42. Material examined. 1 male (HIST), China: Guangxi, Nanning City, Wuming County, Liangjiang Town, Neichao Village, 23°29'32" N, 108°21'29" E, 230 m, 2017.VII.13, light trap, Mo RR, Lai Y; 1 male (HIST), Guangxi, Laibin City, Jinxiu Yao Autonomous County, Dayaoshan National Natural Reserve, Shengtang Mountain, 23°58'32" N, 110°6'49" E, 1149 m, 2020.VI.12, light trap, Mo RR, Lai Y et al. Distribution. China (Fujian and Guangxi). Remarks. The species was described from Wuyishan Mountain of Fujian Province (Li et al. 2013b; Qin et al. 2013), and hitherto it was known only from the type locality. The present two male specimens agree well with the type materials and further topotypes. The specific characters are shown on Fig. 33: characteristic head pattern, strongly sclerotized tube, relatively short sac with distinct, strong apical spines and subapical field of fine spines. These are the first reports from Guangxi., Published as part of MO, RAORAO, WANG, GUOQUAN, YANG, DING, LI, WEIHAI & MURÁNYI, DÁVID, 2022, Review and contribution to the stoneflies (Insecta: Plecoptera) of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China, with new species and new records from South China, pp. 1-80 in Zootaxa 5176 (1) on page 40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5176.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7025356, {"references":["Li, W. H., Wang, G. Q. & Qin, X. F. (2013 b) Two new species of Neoperla (Plecoptera, Perlidae) from China. Zookeys, 290, 21 - 30. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 290.4568","Qin, X. F., Muranyi, D., Wang, G. Q. & Li, W. H. (2013) Stoneflies of the genus Neoperla (Plecoptera, Perlidae) from Wuyi Mountain National Nature Reserve, Fujian of China. Zookeys, 326, 1 - 16. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 326.5911","Yang, D. & Li, W. H. (2018) Plecoptera. Species Catalogue of China. Vol. 2. Animals, Insecta (III). Science Press, Beijing, 71 pp."]}

Nemoura perforata Li & Yang, 2006 (Fig. 10) Nemoura perforata Li & Yang, 2006: 58; Yang, Li & Zhu, 2015: 381; Yang & Li, 2018: 20. Female (Fig. 10). Sternum 7 extended medially forming a well-developed, broadly rounded and swollen pregenital plate, which is strongly sclerotized, overlapping sternum 8 completely and reaching anterior margin of sternum 9. Sternum 8 shortened, with a pair of pale vaginal lobes on the posterior margin, partly hidden by posterolateral edge of pregenital plate. Sternum 9 slightly extended anteromedially, trapezoidal; paraproct wide triangular, with blunt apex. Material examined. 1 male (COI NO. C125) (HIST), China: Guangxi, Laibin City, Jinxiu Yao Autonomous County, Dayaoshan National Natural Reserve, Yinshan Park, 24°10'07" N, 110°14'38" E, 1130 m, 2020. VI.11, light trap, Mo RR, Lai Y et al.; 1 female (HIST), same data as above, 2020. VI.11; 2 males (COI NO. C13, C14) and 1 female (COI NO. C16) (HIST), Guangdong, Shaoguan City, Chebaling National Nature Reserve, Xiba, 24°43'48" N, 114°15'36" E, 360 m, 2016.IV.28, light trap, Luo XY, Liu YQ, Xun HS & Zhao YS; 1 female (COI NO. C12) (HIST), same data as above, 2016. V.1. Distribution. China (Fujian, Guangdong and Guangxi). Remarks. This species was originally described by Li & Yang (2006) from Maoershan National Nature Reserve of Guangxi, and recently reported from Fujian Province by Yang et al. (2015). We add Guangdong Province to the known distribution. The female was associated with the male by molecular study, and is described for the first time. Unfortunately, no distinctive character was found for morphological distinction from other local Nemoura females., Published as part of MO, RAORAO, WANG, GUOQUAN, YANG, DING, LI, WEIHAI & MURÁNYI, DÁVID, 2022, Review and contribution to the stoneflies (Insecta: Plecoptera) of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China, with new species and new records from South China, pp. 1-80 in Zootaxa 5176 (1) on page 15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5176.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7025356, {"references":["Li, W. H. & Yang, D. (2006) New species of Nemoura (Plecoptera: Nemouridae) from China. Zootaxa, 1137, 53 - 61.","Yang, D., Li, W. H. & Zhu, F. (2015) Fauna Sinica, Insecta Vol. 58, Plecoptera: Nemouroidea. Science Press, Beijing, 518 pp.","Yang, D. & Li, W. H. (2018) Plecoptera. Species Catalogue of China. Vol. 2. Animals, Insecta (III). Science Press, Beijing, 71 pp."]}

Neoperla quadrispina Li, Mo & Wang, 2020 (Fig. 32) Neoperla quadrispina Li, Mo & Wang, 2020: 577; Mo, Wang, Li & Murányi, 2021: 204. Female (Fig. 32). Forewing length 10.1 mm (n=1). Habitus generally similar to male. Sternum 8 lightly sclerotized; the posteromedial margin forms a small, quadrate sclerotized subgenital plate with a distinct semicircular posterior notch. Material examined. 1 female (COI NO. C19) (HIST), China: Guangxi, Guigang City, Pingtianshan Mountain National Forest Park, 23°11'7" N, 109°29'23" E, 210 m, 2017.VIII.3, Wang GQ (same date as holotype). Distribution. China (Guangxi). Remarks. The single female specimen was collected with the two male type specimens from Pingtianshan Mountain National Forest Park of Guangxi. Since the female was put aside in different vial and recently found among unidentified materials, we confirmed their identity by molecular study. Unfortunately, the female contains no eggs.

Styloperla jiangxiensis Yang & Yang, 1990 (Figs. 37–39) Styloperla jiangxiensis Yang & Yang, 1990: 45; Yang & Li, 2018: 55; Zhao, Huo & Du, 2019: 566; Chen, Jiang & Li, 2020: 347; Liu, Li, Cui & Béthoux, 2020: 9. Material examined. 1 male and 1 female (HIST), China: Guangxi, Guilin City, Multinational Autonomous County of Longsheng, Huaping National Nature Reserve, 25°38'24" N, 109°54'0" E, 469 m, 2008.V.1, Cai WZ; 2 males and 1 female (HIST), Guangxi, Guilin City, Lingui County, Huaping National Nature Reserve, Anjiangping Station, 25°33'43" N, 109°56'16" E, 1331 m, 2020.V.3, light trap, Tan MC. Distribution. China (Guangdong, Guangxi and Jiangxi). Remarks. This species was originally studied by Yang & Yang (1990a) from Jinggangshan Mountain of Jiangxi Province. Zhao et al. (2019) recently redescribed this species from Guangdong Province with color illustrations of the male. This species is reported from Guangxi for the first time. Our specimens agree well with the descriptions and figures provided by Yang & Yang (1990a) and Zhao et al. (2019). The vaginal sclerite of Styloperla seems to have a specific shape, compare Fig. 39 with fig. 13 in Zhao et al. 2019, depicting S. starki Zhao, Huo & Du, 2019., Published as part of MO, RAORAO, WANG, GUOQUAN, YANG, DING, LI, WEIHAI & MURÁNYI, DÁVID, 2022, Review and contribution to the stoneflies (Insecta: Plecoptera) of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China, with new species and new records from South China, pp. 1-80 in Zootaxa 5176 (1) on pages 43-44, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5176.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7025356, {"references":["Yang, D. & Li, W. H. (2018) Plecoptera. Species Catalogue of China. Vol. 2. Animals, Insecta (III). Science Press, Beijing, 71 pp.","Zhao, M. Y., Huo, Q. B. & Du, Y. Z. (2019) A new species of Styloperla (Plecoptera: Styloperlidae) from China, with supplementary illustrations for Styloperla jiangxiensis. Zootaxa, 4608 (3), 555 - 571. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4608.3.9","Chen, Z. T., Jiang, C. & Li, Y. S. (2020) DNA barcodes of Plecoptera from China: The preliminary dataset and its performance in species delimitation. Zootaxa, 4751 (2), 345 - 356. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4751.2.9","Liu, F. F., Li, W. H., Cui, Y. Y. & Bethoux, O. (2020) Tell a Styloperlidae from its wing venation: diagnostic traits of the family derived from a survey of intra-specific variability in Cerconychia livida Klapalek, 1913 and related species (Insecta: Plecoptera). Insect Systematics & Evolution, 52 (1), 97 - 109. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 1876312 X-bja 10001","Li, W. H., Liang, H. Y. & Li, W. L. (2013 a) Review of Neoperla (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from Zhejiang Province, China. Zootaxa, 3652 (3), 353 - 369. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3652.3.4","Yang, C. & Yang, D. (1990 a) One new species of the genus Styloperla from Jiangxi (Plecoptera, Styloperlidae). Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis, 2, 45 - 46."]}

Indonemoura maoershana Mo, Wang, Yang & Li, 2020 (Fig. 1) Indonemoura maoershana Mo, Wang, Yang & Li, 2020: 396. Female (Fig. 1). Sternum 7 membranous, two dark sclerites belonging to inner genitalia can be seen by transparency. Sternum 8 with large trapezoidal, darkly sclerotized subgenital plate covering the entire length; posterior margin slightly concave, overlapping the anterior margin of sternum 9. Paired vaginal lobes are brown and triangular, located at the posterolateral corner of the subgenital plate. Sternum 9 slightly extended anteromedially, paraproct short triangular. Material examined. 1 male (COI NO. C37) and 1 female (COI NO. C38) (HIST), China: Guangxi, Guilin City, Xing’an County, Tongren Village, Maoershan National Natural Reserve, Jiuniutang, 25°52'16" N, 110°25'1" E, 1961–2000 m, 2020. VI.22, Mo RR, Lai Y et al.; 1 female (HIST), same data as above, 2020. VI.21. Distribution. China (Guangxi). Remarks. This species is a member of the Indonemoura fujianensis complex, according to the male genital characters (Mo et al. 2020j; Sivec & Stark 2010b). The hitherto unknown female was associated with the male by molecular study. The female has a large trapezoidal subgenital plate which is a common shape in the genus, and it cannot be distinguished from some congeners with certainty., Published as part of MO, RAORAO, WANG, GUOQUAN, YANG, DING, LI, WEIHAI & MURÁNYI, DÁVID, 2022, Review and contribution to the stoneflies (Insecta: Plecoptera) of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China, with new species and new records from South China, pp. 1-80 in Zootaxa 5176 (1) on pages 5-6, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5176.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7025356, {"references":["Li, W. H., Mo, R. R. & Wang, G. Q. (2020) Two new species of Neoperla montivaga group (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of southern China. Zootaxa, 4718 (4), 573 - 583. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4718.4.10","Mo, R. R., Wang, G. Q., Yang, D. & Li, W. H. (2020 j) A new species of the Indonemoura fujianensis complex (Plecoptera: Nemouridae) from the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of southern China. Zootaxa, 4801 (2), 395 - 400. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4801.2.14","Sivec, I. & Stark, B. P. (2010 b) Eleven new species of the genus Indonemoura Baumann (Plecoptera: Nemouridae) from Thailand and Vietnam. Illiesia, 6 (14), 210 - 226."]}

Neoperla cavaleriei (Navás, 1922) (Figs. 23–24) Ochthopetina cavaleriei Navás, 1922: 49; Wu, 1937:162; Yang & Yang, 1990: 2. Ochthopetina cavalerieri: Illies, 1966: 494. Neoperla cavaleriei: Wu, 1935: 308; Wu, 1938: 124; Sivec & Zwick, 1987: 395; Sivec, Yang & Lee. 1997:190; Du, Sivec & He, 1999: 62; Sivec & Yang, 2001: 402; Du & Sivec, 2004. In: Yang, 2004: 41; Stark & Sivec, 2008: 20; Li, Murányi & Wang, 2014: 6; Li, Li, Feng & Wang, 2014: 177; Yang & Li, 2018: 37; Mo, Liu, Li & Shi, 2020: 375. Neoperla kachin Stark & Szczytko, 1979 (partim): 221. Neoperla cavalerieri: Li, Wang & Lu, 2012: 36. Material examined. 1 male and 2 females (HIST), China: Guangxi, Guilin City, Multinational Autonomous County of Longsheng, at gate of Huaping National Nature Reserve, 25°37'37" N, 109°54'41" E, 734 m, 2019.VIII.30, light trap, Wang GQ, Mo RR, Liu LX, Qin FP, Mo YY; 1 male (HIST), Guangxi, Guilin City, Multinational Autonomous County of Longsheng, Huaping National Nature Reserve, Cujiang Station, 25°36'16" N, 109°54'21" E, 887 m, 2020. VIII.21, light trap, Tan MC; 1 male (HIST), Guangxi, Laibin City, Jinxiu Yao Autonomous County, Dayaoshan National Natural Reserve, Hekou Park, 24°8'20" N, 110°5'2" E, 570 m, light trap, 2015.VII.19, Lu XM; 1 male (HIST), Guangxi, Hechi City, Bama County, Jiazhuan Village, Panyang River, 24°16'15" N, 107°6'39" E, 278 m, light trap, 2016.VIII.20, Wang GQ, Li WH; 1 male and 1 female (HIST), Guangxi, Fangchenggang City, Shangsi County, Shiwandashan National Forest Park, 21°50'34" N, 107°51'48" E, 295 m, 2013. V.18, light trap, Wang GQ. Distribution. China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei and Yunan); Laos; Vietnam; Thailand; Myanmar. The species is included in the revision of Taiwanese Neoperla by Sivec & Zwick (1987), but as a mainland species and no Taiwanese specimens were enumerated among the material examined. Remarks. Both sexes of most examined Guangxi specimens agree well with illustrations and redescription of the designated lectotype: (compare Figs. 23–24 with figs. 9–13 in Sivec & Zwick 1987). However, the male from Huaping (Fig. 24) differs slightly in the spinulation of the aedeagal sac. This variation was already reported for Yunnan specimens of N. cavaleriei, and the species was considered a probable complex with N. lui Du, 2004 (in: Du & Sivec 2004) (Li et al. 2014c). We note that N. kachin was not considered as a junior synonym of N. cavaleriei by Sivec & Zwick (1987). Only the female sex of N. kachin, figured in the original description (Stark & Szczytko 1979), was considered conspecific with N. cavaleriei. Nevertheless, the specific identity of N. kachin is in need of clarification, since the details of aedeagal sac spinulation was not described., Published as part of MO, RAORAO, WANG, GUOQUAN, YANG, DING, LI, WEIHAI & MURÁNYI, DÁVID, 2022, Review and contribution to the stoneflies (Insecta: Plecoptera) of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China, with new species and new records from South China, pp. 1-80 in Zootaxa 5176 (1) on page 29, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5176.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7025356, {"references":["Navas, R. P. L. (1922) Plecopteros. In: Insectos exoticos. Broteria Serie Zoologica, 20, 49 - 50.","Wu, C. F. (1937) The stoneflies of China (Order Plecoptera). Bulletin of the Peking Natural History Bulletin, 12, 127 - 166.","Illies, J. (1966) Katalog der rezenten Plecoptera. Das Tierreich. Lfg. 82. De Gruyter, Berlin, 632 pp.","Wu, C. F. (1935) Aquatic insects of China. Article XXII. Two new species of stoneflies from Kwangsi. (Order Plecoptera). Peking Natural History Bulletin, 10, 61 - 62.","Wu, C. F. (1938) Plecopterorum sinensium: A monograph of stoneflies of China (Order Plecoptera). Yenching University, Beijing, 225 pp.","Sivec, I. & Zwick, P. (1987) Some Neoperla (Plecoptera) from Taiwan. Beitrage zur Entomologie, 37, 391 - 405.","Du, Y. Z., Sivec, I. & He, J. H. (1999) A checklist of the Chinese species of the family Perlidae (Plecoptera: Perloidea). Acta Entomologica Slovenica, 7, 59 - 67.","Sivec, I. & Yang, P. S. (2001) Stoneflies of Taiwan within the oriental stonefly fauna diversity. In: Dominguez, E. (Ed.), Trends in Research in Ephemeroptera and Plecoptera. Springer, Boston, Massachusetts, pp. 401 - 404. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 1 - 4615 - 1257 - 8 _ 47","Du, Y. Z. & Sivec, I. (2004) Plecoptera: Perlidae, Nemouridae, Leuctridae. In: Yang, X. K. (Ed.), Insects from Mt. Shiwandashan Area of Guangxi. China Forestry Publishing House, Beijing, pp. 39 - 45.","Stark, B. P. & Sivec, I. (2008) New species and records of Neoperla (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from Vietnam. Illiesia, 4 (3), 19 - 54.","Yang, D. & Li, W. H. (2018) Plecoptera. Species Catalogue of China. Vol. 2. Animals, Insecta (III). Science Press, Beijing, 71 pp.","Mo, R. R., Liu, R. J., Li, W. H. & Shi, M. W. (2020 b) Rediscovery of two species of Neoperla (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from China. Zootaxa, 4758 (2), 369 - 377. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4758.2.10","Stark, B. P. & Szczytko, S. W. (1979) A new species of Neoperla (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from Burma. Aquatic Insects, 1, 221 - 224. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 01650427909360997","Li, W. H., Wang, G. Q. & Lu, W. Y. (2012) Species of Neoperla (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from Hubei, China. Zootaxa, 3478, 32 - 37.","Li, W. H., Muranyi, D. & Wang, R. F. (2014 c) Species of Neoperla (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from Yunnan Province, China. Zootaxa, 3753 (1), 1 - 9. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3753.1.1"]}

Neoperla fanjingshana Yang & Yang, 1992 (Figs. 25–26) Neoperla fanjingshana Yang & Yang, 1992: 63; Du, Sivec & He, 1999: 62; Yang & Li, 2018: 39; Mo, Liu, Li & Shi, 2020: 375. Supplementary description. Tergum 6 bears a few posterior sensilla basiconica, further terga agree with the original description (Fig. 25c, 26a). Aedeagus (Figs. 26b–26e) mostly membranous. Aedeagal tube (Figs. 26b–26c) nearly straight, only dorsal surface sclerotized. Aedeagal sac (Figs. 26b–26e) slightly longer than tube and strongly curved ventrally, and in our only specimen it forms a loop looking like a lowercase “b”; dorsal surface of basal half irregularly covered with scattered brown spines, but its ventral surface bare; near sac apex lateral spines become large, dark with a broad base and hooked apex, occurring in two groups, one of 3–4, the more distal of 2; apex of sac with a H-shaped, dark uneverted sclerite (Fig. 26e), dorsal surface covered in a field of smaller spinules. Material examined. 1 male (HIST), China: Guangxi, Laibin City, Jinxiu Yao Autonomous County, Dayaoshan National Natural Reserve, Yinshan Park, 24°10'07" N, 110°14'38" E, 1129 m, 2020.VI.11, light trap, Mo RR, Lai Y et al. Distribution. China (Guangxi and Guizhou). Remarks. This species was originally described from Fanjing Mountain of Guizhou Province by Yang and Yang (1992). However, the aedeagal sac of the holotype was not everted and described. Other aspects from the original description agree well with the Guangxi specimen (compare Figs. 25–26 with fig. 2 in Yang & Yang 1992). The only difference is that our male specimen has a few sensilla basiconica on tergum 6 posteromedially, which are easy to overlook. This species is a member of the Neoperla montivaga group, sinensis species subgroup as defined by Li & Yan (2021), having a pair of apical sclerites of aedeagal sac. The recently described Neoperla annulatispina Mo, Li & Wang, 2021 from Guangdong Province also fit the definition of this subgroup and can be included. Neoperla fanjingshana is first recorded from Guangxi in the present study., Published as part of MO, RAORAO, WANG, GUOQUAN, YANG, DING, LI, WEIHAI & MURÁNYI, DÁVID, 2022, Review and contribution to the stoneflies (Insecta: Plecoptera) of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China, with new species and new records from South China, pp. 1-80 in Zootaxa 5176 (1) on pages 29-33, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5176.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7025356, {"references":["Yang, D. & Yang, C. K. (1992) Plecoptera: Perlidae. In: Huang, F. S. (Ed.), Insects of Wuling Mountains area, Southwestern China. Science Press, Beijing, pp. 62 - 64.","Du, Y. Z., Sivec, I. & He, J. H. (1999) A checklist of the Chinese species of the family Perlidae (Plecoptera: Perloidea). Acta Entomologica Slovenica, 7, 59 - 67.","Yang, D. & Li, W. H. (2018) Plecoptera. Species Catalogue of China. Vol. 2. Animals, Insecta (III). Science Press, Beijing, 71 pp.","Mo, R. R., Liu, R. J., Li, W. H. & Shi, M. W. (2020 b) Rediscovery of two species of Neoperla (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from China. Zootaxa, 4758 (2), 369 - 377. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4758.2.10","Navas, R. P. L. (1922) Plecopteros. In: Insectos exoticos. Broteria Serie Zoologica, 20, 49 - 50.","Li, W. H. & Yan, Y. H. (2021) Two new species and a new synonym of Neoperla (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from China, with proposal of a new species group. Zootaxa, 5047 (4), 431 - 443. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5047.4.3","Mo, R. R., Wang, Y., Wang, G. Q., Li, W. H. & Muranyi, D. (2021 f) Two new species and three new provincial records of Neoperla (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from Nanling Mountains, China. Zootaxa, 5040 (2), 195 - 214. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5040.2.2"]}

Neoperla xuansongae Li & Li, 2013 (Figs. 34–36) Neoperla xuansongae Li & Li, 2013. In: Li, Liang & Li, 2013: 362; Qin, Murányi, Wang & Li, 2013: 11; Yang & Li, 2018: 44. Eggs (Fig. 36). Length 361–368 μm, width 243–252 μm (N=6, from one female). Elongate oval in shape with flanged, with 3–4 rows of irregularly shaped FCIs towards collar rim; anchor membranous with globular bodies in loose groups. Lid slightly wider than collar, bearing conspicuous FCIs over the entire surface and covered with fine punctations. Material examined. 1 male (HIST), China: Guangxi, Laibin City, Jinxiu Yao Autonomous County, Dayaoshan National Natural Reserve, Yinshan Park, 24°9'36" N, 110°13'44" E, 1151 m, 2020. VI.27, light trap, Mo RR, Lai Y et al .; 2 males (HIST), Guangxi, Laibin City, Jinxiu Yao Autonomous County, Dayaoshan National Natural Reserve, Shengtang Mountain, 23°58'32" N, 110°6'49" E, 1149 m, 2020. VI.12, light trap, Mo RR, Lai Y et al .; 2 males and E, 887 m, 2020. VI.16, light trap, Mo RR, Lai Y et al.; 2 males and 3 females (HIST), Guangxi, Guilin City, Lingui County, Huaping National Nature Reserve, Anjiangping Station, 25°33'43" N, 109°56'16" E, 1331 m, 2020. VI.19, light trap, Mo RR, Lai Y et al.; 1 male (HIST), Guangxi, Baise City, Mt. Cenwanglaoshan, weather Station, 24°29'33" N, 106°23'53" E, 1300 m, 2013. V. 4, Wei MC, Niu GY. Distribution. China (Fujian, Guangxi and Zhejiang). Remarks. This species was originally described from Tianmushan Mountain, a famous Mountain of Zhejiang Province (Li et al. 2013a). In the same year, it was reported from Wuyishan Mountain of Fujian Province by Qin et al. (2013). This species is newly recorded for Guangxi in the present study. Our male specimens agree well with the figures on Zhejiang and Fujian specimens (see figs. 8–9 in Li et al. 2013a and fig. 8 in Qin et al. 2013). We provide color photographs of a male head, terminalia, and fully extruded aedeagus (Fig. 34), first description of the female (Fig. 35) and egg (Fig. 36) to improve identifications in the future. The female is tentatively associated through collection with males, and having similar head and pronotum pattern., Published as part of MO, RAORAO, WANG, GUOQUAN, YANG, DING, LI, WEIHAI & MURÁNYI, DÁVID, 2022, Review and contribution to the stoneflies (Insecta: Plecoptera) of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China, with new species and new records from South China, pp. 1-80 in Zootaxa 5176 (1) on pages 40-43, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5176.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7025356, {"references":["Li, W. H., Liang, H. Y. & Li, W. L. (2013 a) Review of Neoperla (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from Zhejiang Province, China. Zootaxa, 3652 (3), 353 - 369. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3652.3.4","Qin, X. F., Muranyi, D., Wang, G. Q. & Li, W. H. (2013) Stoneflies of the genus Neoperla (Plecoptera, Perlidae) from Wuyi Mountain National Nature Reserve, Fujian of China. Zookeys, 326, 1 - 16. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 326.5911","Yang, D. & Li, W. H. (2018) Plecoptera. Species Catalogue of China. Vol. 2. Animals, Insecta (III). Science Press, Beijing, 71 pp.","Li, W. H., Wang, G. Q. & Qin, X. F. (2013 b) Two new species of Neoperla (Plecoptera, Perlidae) from China. Zookeys, 290, 21 - 30. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 290.4568"]}

Neoperla annulatispina Mo, Li & Wang, sp. nov. (Figs. 1–2) Adult habitus (Fig. 1). Body color generally dark brown, abdomen pale. Head pale, with a prominent dark brown rectangular ocellar patch, and a smaller, semicircular spot interrupted by M-line; palpi brown; antennae generally brown, basal part paler; biocellate, the distance between ocelli ca. 2.0 X as wide as the diameter of the ocellus; head slightly wider than pronotum. Pronotum dark brown and rectangular, with scattered, dark rugosities and a pair of pale lateral areas; corners rounded. Wings brownish and transparent, veins dark brown; legs dark brown, basal two third of femora pale (Fig. 1e); cerci pale. Male (Figs. 1b–1d, 2a–2e). Forewing length 11.0– 12.4 mm (N=3). Tergum 6 with a posteromedial patch of sensilla basiconica. Tergum 7 with an anteromedian pair of sclerotized, upraised, nipple-shaped processes and a distal rectangular process on posterior margin covered with sensilla basiconica. Tergum 8 with a recurved triangular process, fringed with small distal spines. Tergum 9 with two paramedial patches of long hairs. Hemitergal processes of tergum 10 upcurved, finger-like. Aedeagus mostly membranous, falciform (Figs. 2a–2e). Aedeagal tube mostly straight, only dorsal surface sclerotized (Figs. 2a, 2c–2d). Aedeagal sac slightly longer than tube and curved ventrally, forming a right angle to tube; dorsolateral surface with 2–3 irregular rows of small spines; subapical portion with a complete ring of small spines; apical surface densely covered with tiny spinules; apical portion with a H-shaped, dark uneverted flagella (Figs. 2a–2e). Female (Figs. 2f– 2g). Forewing length 13.0– 14.5 mm (N=2). Habitus generally similar to male except dark brown marking on head is more extensive. Sternum 8 lightly sclerotized; the posteromedial margin slightly produced forming a small quadrate sclerotized subgenital plate. Eggs. Available females were void of matured eggs. Type Material. Holotype: male (HIST), China: Guangdong Province, Shaoguan City, Chebaling National Nature Reserve, Xiba, N 24°43’48”, E 114°15’36’’, 360 m, 2016.V.1, light trap, Luo, Liu, Xun & Zhao. Paratypes: 1 male and 1 female (CAU), 1 male and 1 female (HIST), same locality and date as holotype. Etymology. The specific name refers to the ringed section of small spines of aedeagus. Latin “annulatus” means ringed and “spina” means spine. Distribution. China: Guangdong, Chebaling National Nature Reserve (Fig. 15). The exact habitat is unknown. Remarks. The new species is a member of the Neoperla montivaga species group (Zwick 1983). The new species shares similar head pattern, terminalia and aedeagus with N. nigromarginata Li & Zhang, 2014 known from Henan Province of Central China. However, the new species can be separated from the latter by the following features: the paired lateral pale area of pronotum is smaller; aedeagal sac only with 2–3 irregular rows of small spines in dorsolateral surface; subapical spinous ring is complete; paired apical flagella is linked by a short sclerotized band. In N. nigromarginata, the paired lateral pale area of pronotum is bigger, comprising about 50% of the total surface; aedeagal sac with 2–3 irregular rows of small spines in dorsal surface and a large lateral patch of small spines, without subapical spinous ring or the ring is not complete; paired apical flagella are not connected. In addition, subgenital plate of female sternum 8 of N. nigromarginata has a small median notch at posterior margin, while the subgenital plate of the new species lacks a median notch. The COI sequence of Neoperla annulatispina Mo, Li & Wang, sp. nov. and N. nigromarginata had a consistent length of 659 bp, and both biased toward A and T nucleotides (N. annulatispina: 26.0% A, 21.3 C, 18.6% G and 34.1% T; N. nigromarginata: 26.3% A, 21.7 C, 18.1% G and 34.0% T). The genetic distances were calculated for the 16 sequenced specimens (Table 2). In our study, pairwise distances of the two Neoperla species were 2.0–2.8%; with an average of 2.3%, slightly higher than 2% threshold considered for a rough differentiation between intraspecific and interspecific distances (Hebert et al. 2003; Zhou et al. 2009). The minimum and average interspecific sequence divergences of the two species are higher than the maximum intraspecific sequence divergences (0.6–1.1%) without overlap (Table 2). In the Neighbor-joining (NJ) tree (Fig. 3), male and female specimens of N. annulatispina are grouped in the same clade, separated from the clade of male and females of N. nigromarginata. The combination of morphology and molecular data suggest that N. annulatispina is a new species to science.

Neoperla similidelphina Mo, Li & Murányi, sp. nov. (Figs. 11–14) Adult habitus (Fig. 11). Body color generally brown. Head pale, with a dark brown subtriangular spot on frons and a dark brown subtriangular ocellar patch; palpi brown; antennae generally brown, scape darker; biocellate, the distance between ocelli ca. 2.0 X as wide as the diameter of the ocellus; head slightly wider than pronotum. Pronotum pale brown and rectangular, with scattered, brown rugosities and dark midline; corners rounded. Wings brownish and transparent, veins brown; legs brown; cerci pale. Male (Figs. 11b–11d, 12). Forewing length ca. 12.3 mm. Tergum 7 with a trapezoidal posteromedial process covered with sensilla basiconica. Tergum 8 with an erect tongue-shaped process, fringed with small distal spines. Tergum 9 with two paramedial patches of long hairs. Hemitergal processes of tergum10 up-curved, finger-like. Aedeagus mostly membranous, hook-like (Fig. 12). Aedeagal tube mostly straight, only dorsal surface sclerotized; ventroapically with an erect, medially bifurcated Y-shaped lobe; arms of the lobe are without spines and as long as stalk of the lobe. Aedeagal sac slightly longer than tube, curved ventrally and forming an open loop, fully covered with brown spines, spines are larger but scarcer dorsoapically; apical part gradually tapering to a nipple-like tip. Female (Fig. 13). Forewing length ca. 14.5 mm. Habitus generally similar to male. Sternum 8 slightly sclerotized in most parts; posteromedial area strongly sclerotized, produced into a short but distinct subtriangular subgenital plate with a shallow posterior notch. Eggs (Fig. 14). Length 363–373 μm, width 213–215 μm (N=6). Elongate oval in shape with 78–82 outer striae connecting collar and lid; striae set closely with fine sulci between them. Hatching line inconspicuous. Micropyles sessile, dispersed between striae, set on subequatorial line. Collar and lid sessile without distinct flange, lid slightly wider than collar; both surrounded by two rows of regular follicle cell impressions (FCIs) at junction of striae and fully covered with fine punctations; anchor not studied. Type Material. Holotype: male (HIST), China: Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin City, Xing’an County, Maoershan National Nature Reserve, Grand Canyon, N 25°51’ 27’’, E 110°28’0”, 523 m, 2020.VI.20, light trap, Mo, Lai et al. Paratype: 1 female (HIST), same locality and date as holotype. Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the similarity to the closely related species, Neoperla delphina Li, Mo & Wang, 2020. Distribution and ecology. China: Guangxi, Maoershan National Nature Reserve (Fig. 15). The type locality is the same river in Maoershan where N. chebalinga was collected. Remarks. The new species is assigned to the Neoperla diehli subgroup of N. montivaga species group (Mo et al. 2020b, Zwick 1983, Zwick & Sivec 1985). It is most similar to N. delphina Li Mo & Wang, 2020 which is known from Guangxi. Both species share similarities in male terminalia and aedeagal structure. It may be separated from N. delphina by its head pattern lacking a distinct posterior notch, by the aedeagal tube having a straight Y-shaped lobe in lateral view, by the aedeagal sac being fully covered by tiny spines and with a nipple-shaped tip. In N. delphina, the head pattern has a triangular posterior notch; the apical half of Y-shaped lobe of aedeagal tube is strongly curved backward; the aedeagal sac is covered with tiny spinules only in the apical half, and in having a finger-like tip. The female subgenital plate of the new species is short and subtriangular with a small posteromedial notch, while in N. delphina, the female subgenital plate is longer, triangular, and with an obscure apical emargination., Published as part of Mo, Raorao, Wang, Ying, Wang, Guoquan, Li, Weihai & Murányi, Dávid, 2021, Two new species and three new provincial records of Neoperla (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from Nanling Mountains, China, pp. 195-214 in Zootaxa 5040 (2) on pages 206-211, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5040.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/5531145, {"references":["Mo, R. R., Wang, G. Q. & Li, W. H. (2020 b) A new species and two new records of the N eoperla diehli subgroup of the N. montivaga group (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from China. Zootaxa, 4790 (3), 515 - 524. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4790.3.6","Yang, D. & Yang, C. K. (1993) New and little-known species of Plecoptera from Guizhou Province (III). Entomotaxonomia, 15, 235 - 238.","Zwick, P. (1983) The Neoperla of Sumatra and Java (Indonesia) (Plecoptera: Perlidae). Spixiana, 6, 167 - 204.","Zwick, P. & Sivec, I. (1985) Supplements to the Perlidae (Plecoptera) of Sumatra. Spixiana, 8, 123 - 133."]}

Neoperla maolanensis Yang & Yang, 1993 (Fig. 9–10) Neoperla maolanensis Yang & Yang, 1993: 235; Du, Sivec & He, 1999: 62; Du & Sivec, 2005: 49; Yang & Li, 2018: 41; Mo, Liu, Li & Shi, 2020a: 375. Material examined. 1 male (CAU), China: Guangdong Province, Shaoguan City, Chebaling National Nature Reserve, Xiba, N 24°43’48”, E 114°15’36’’, 360 m, 2016.V.1, light trap, Luo, Liu, Xun & Zhao. Distribution. China: Guangdong, Guizhou and Shaanxi, widespread in southern and central China (Fig. 15). The exact habitat in Guangdong is unknown. Remarks. The single male specimen of Neoperla maolanensis from Chebaling National Nature Reserve is a new record for Guangdong, agreeing well with the original description (see figs. 1 & 2, Yang & Yang 1993). We present herein the detailed illustrations for a better recognition of this species., Published as part of Mo, Raorao, Wang, Ying, Wang, Guoquan, Li, Weihai & Murányi, Dávid, 2021, Two new species and three new provincial records of Neoperla (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from Nanling Mountains, China, pp. 195-214 in Zootaxa 5040 (2) on page 206, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5040.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/5531145, {"references":["Yang, D. & Yang, C. K. (1993) New and little-known species of Plecoptera from Guizhou Province (III). Entomotaxonomia, 15, 235 - 238.","Du, Y. Z., Sivec, I. & He, J. H. (1999) A checklist of the Chinese species of the family Perlidae (Plecoptera: Perloidea). Acta Entomologica Slovenica, 7, 59 - 67.","Du, Y. Z. & Sivec, I. (2005) Plecoptera. In: Yang, X. K. (Ed.), Insect Fauna of Middle-west Qinling Range and South Mountains of Gansu Province. Science Press, Beijing, pp. 38 - 54.","Yang, D. & Li, W. H. (2018) Species catalogue of China. Vol. 2. Animals, Insecta (III), Plecoptera. Science Press, Beijing, 71 pp.","Mo, R. R., Liu, R. J., Li, W. H., Shi, M. W. (2020 a) Rediscovery of two species of Neoperla (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from China. Zootaxa, 4758 (2), 369 - 377. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4758.2.10"]}

Amphinemura bifascia Mo, Wang, Yang & Li, 2020 (Fig. 1) Amphinemura bifascia Mo, Wang, Yang & Li, 2020a: 132. Holotype male (CAU), China, Guangxi, Wuming, Damingshan. Description of mature larva. Measurements: Body length: 4.8–5.2 mm (excluding antennae and cerci). Habitus as shown on Fig. 1. Body relatively slender, general color brown, with some indistinct pattern on head and thorax; abdomen and legs evenly brown. Antennae brown, scape and pedicel slightly paler. Legs moderately long, width of hind femora 2X as long as the corresponding segments. Abdomen relatively slender, integument light brown, first 6 abdominal segments divided by pleura. Posterior margin of sternum IX of the male larva short and narrow triangular; posteromedial portion of tergum X membranous and blunt triangular; paraprocts slightly elongated but blunt (Fig. 1E). Sternum VIII of female larva with a deep and distinct posteromedial notch (Fig. 1F). Cerci are lacking on the available larvae. Setation (Fig. 1). Head, antennae and palpi with dense short setae. Pronotum covered with very short setae; marginal setae distinct and blunt, row continuous but setae longer in the corners, corners have setae as long as 1/18 of pronotum width (Fig. 1A). Setae on mesonotum and metanotum shorter than longest marginal setae on pronotum; wing pads with short setae besides marginal ones. Femora with variable, mostly short setae, but a cluster of longer and acute setae present in the dorsoapical third; longest setae of all femora are more than half of the corresponding femur width. Tibiae bear strong and long setae in the whole length, and sparse, indistinct swimming hairs as long as tibia width (Fig. 1B). Tarsi and claws normal. Tergal segments covered with scarce and short setae; row of posterior margin are of longer, thicker, mostly blunt setae with different length, longest not reach half of segment length; setae of the posterior margin are not erect in lateral view but a few thin, erect hairs can be seen on each segments (Figs. 1C–D). Cerci are lacking on the available larvae. Material examined. CHINA: Guangxi, Nanning City, Wuming County, Damingshan National Nature Reserve, inflow stream above Dragon Lake, 1225 m, 23°29’45” N, 108°26’14” E, 22 March 2015, Jenő Kontschán, Junyi Li, Shan Li, Weihai Li, Dávid Murányi, Guoquan Wang leg.: 1 pharate female larva, 1 male and 2 female ultimate larvae (HNHM). Distribution. China, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, seems to be restricted to the plateau of the Damingshan Mountains. Affinities. The larva of Amphinemura bifascia has no distinctive color pattern, but combination of generally short setation and presence of distinct setae clusters on all femora distinguish it from the few known Chinese congeners. Unfortunately, specific characters of the cerci remained unknown., Published as part of Mo, Raorao, Wang, Guoquan, Yang, Ding, Li, Weihai & Murányi, Dávid, 2021, Two new species and four unknown larvae of Amphinemurinae (Plecoptera, Nemouridae) from southern China, pp. 77-101 in Zootaxa 5040 (1) on page 78, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5040.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/5530984, {"references":["Mo, R. R., Wang, G. Q., Yang, D. & Li, W. H. (2020 a) Two new species of Amphinemura (Plecoptera: Nemouridae) from Damingshan National Natural Reserve of Guangxi, China. Zootaxa, 4751 (1), 131 - 142. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4751.1.7"]}

Amphinemura tulipa sp. n. (Figs. 8–10) Diagnosis. Male: terga IX–X with short spines, epiproct with bicolored and apically outcurved lateral processes that are armed with three distinct spines on the inner edge, paraproctal median lobe long and lacks spine, outer lobe long and with double apical spines. Female: pregenital plate large and pale, subgenital plate bicolored and posteriorly rounded, paragenital plates distinct, inner genitalia with four sclerites. Description. Adult habitus: Small sized species for the genus, general color brown. Head and antennae brown, palpi light brown. Thorax brown, pronotum with few and indistinct rugosities, wide trapezoid with square corners. Legs light brown. Wing membranes semitransparent, veins brown. Abdomen brown with slightly darker terminalia. Male. Forewing length 5.2 mm. Tergum IX weakly sclerotized, with few and indistinct short mesal spines, and 6 paramedial long hairs along both sides of mid-posterior margin (Figs. 8A, 9A). Sternum IX with long and very narrow vesicle, apically slightly widened. Hypoproct rounded, apical half evenly tapering, apex short tubular (Figs. 8C, 9B). Tergum X weakly sclerotized, concavity beneath epiproct narrow with 5–6 small spines along lateral sides. Cercus slightly sclerotized, stout and short. Epiproct twice longer than wide in dorsal view, distal portion trifurcate but median process nearly unpigmented and hardly detected in dorsal view; in lateral view, the epiproct is slightly flattened with erect median process and curved lateral processes. The lateral processes complex horn-shaped and closely located, base and outer lateral sides dark, out-curved apex membranous but inner edge darkly sclerotized and armed with 3 distinct spines, among the basal one is upwards directed; median process originates from ventral sclerite and slightly longer than lateral ones (Figs. 8A–B, 8D, 9A, 9C). Paraproct trilobed: inner lobe blunt triangular, well sclerotized, overhangs the tip of hypoproct; median lobe long and tubular, apical portion up- and outcurved, apex sclerotized and hairy but lacks spine; outer lobe S-shaped, long and thin but well sclerotized, caudally curved apex ends in two strong spines (Figs. 8–9). Female. Forewing length 6.2–6.5 mm. Sternum VII produced in a broad circular pregenital plate, covering anterior half of subgenital plate; plate is pale, bulging in lateral view, base of subgenital plate and inner genitalia transparent through its surface (Figs. 10A–B). Sternum VIII forms a sclerotized, rounded and bicolored subgenital plate, medial notch is shallow and obscured by light median longitudinal stripe. Paragenital plate paired, forming small and rounded brownish patches connected with posterolateral edge of subgenital plate thorugh a membranous portion. Sternum IX trapezoidal, median half protruded anteriorly, in ventral aspect with anterior indentation. Paraproct short and brown, apex widely rounded; cerci short and brownish. Female inner genitalia (Fig. 10C). Inner sclerite medially separated into rounded sclerites located anteriorly to the subgenital plate. Between the sclerites is a membranous tunnel with a tubular median sclerite leading to spermathecal ductus. A further, elongated sclerite is located beneath the subgenital plate’s medial pale stripe. The genital opening is wide and connected to the paragenital plates’ membranous portion. Etymology. The species name refers to Tulipa L. flowers, regarding to the shape of the male epiproct resembling a tulip. Type material. Holotype male: CHINA: Guangxi, Fangchenggang City, Shangsi county, Shiwandashan National Forest Park, Pearl River below tourist route bridge, 315 m, 21°54’07” N, 107°54’17” E, 29 March 2015, Jenő Kontschán, Junyi Li, Shan Li, Weihai Li, Dávid Murányi, Guoquan Wang leg. (HIST). Paratypes: same locality and date: 1 female adult (HNHM); light trap on Yunwu Hotel balcony above Pearl River, 295 m, 21°54’18” N, 107°54’12” E, 26–29 March 2015, same collectors: 1 female adult (HIST), 1 female adult (HNHM). Distribution and ecology. Hitherto known only from the Pearl River, a small submontane river in the Shiwandashan Mountains of Guangxi, China, close to the Vietnamese border. Three other species of stoneflies were recently described from the same section of the river, description of the habitat can be found in those publications: Rhopalopsole cestroidea Li, Murányi & Gamboa, 2017 (in: Li et al. 2017a), Sinacroneuria obscura Li & Murányi, 2017 (in: Li et al. 2017b), Neoperlops triangulatus Mo, Wang, Li & Murányi, 2020b. The new species was collected together with Amphinemura hamiornata, also belonging to the sinensis group, both at the light trap and by singling along the river, and A. hamiornata proved to be more numerous. Unfortunately, no associable larva for A. tulipa was found. Affinities. The new species belongs to the sinensis group sensu Li et al. 2018. The male can be easily distinguished from the 25 other species assigned to this group on the basis of bicolored lateral processes of the epiproct that are armed with 3 distinct, far-set inner spines. The female is also distinctive by its rounded, lobe-less subgenital plate, contrary to the posteriorly lobed subgenital plate of the known females of the sinensis group.

Amphinemura hamiornata Li & Yang, 2008 (Figs. 2–4) Amphinemura hamiornata Li & Yang, 2008: 211. Holotype male (CAU), China, Guangxi, Shangsi, Shiwandashan. Amphinemura hamiornata: Yang, Li & Zhu, 2015: 212. Amphinemura hamiornata: Yang & Li, 2018: 10. Description of female adult. Forewing length 6.0– 6.8 mm. Sternum VII produced in a broad circular pregenital plate, covering anterior half of subgenital plate; the plate is pale, slightly bulging in lateral view (Fig. 2A). Sternum VIII forms bicolored, rectangular subgenital plate with wavy posterior margin, short and as wide as half of the segment width; medial portion weakly sclerotized, with inner genitalia seen by transparency; posterior margin medially divided into short lobes by small triangular notch, lobes concave (Fig. 2B). Paragenital plate paired and brown, medium sized and rounded elliptical, partly covered by posterolateral edge of subgenital plate. Sternum IX trapezoidal, in ventral aspect with indistinct anterior indentation. Paraproct short and brownsih, apex widely rounded; cerci short and brownish. Inner genitalia (Fig. 2C): Inner sclerite is medially separated into complex sclerites located anteriorly to the subgenital plate; anterior part of the sclerites are rounded, with a sharp triangular inner projection pointing caudad, posterior part is smaller and rectangular. Between the sclerites is a membranous tunnel with a funnel-shaped median sclerite leading to spermathecal ductus. The genital opening is wide and connected to the paragenital plates’ inner edge. Description of mature larva. Measurements: Body length: 5.2 mm (excluding antennae and cerci). Habitus (Fig. 3). Body relatively slender, general color brown without any distinct pattern; abdomen evenly brown, tibiae slightly darker. Antennae brown, scape and pedicel slightly paler. Legs moderately long, width of hind femora> 1/3 of their length. The pronotum rectangular with rounded corners, wider than long. Cervical gills much longer than fore coxa, inner gills with 5, outer with 6 branches. Wing pads more than twice as long as the corresponding segments. Abdomen relatively slender, integument light matt brown, first 5 abdominal segments divided by pleura. Male larva unknown. Sternum VIII of female larva with a moderately deep posteromedial notch (Fig. 4E). Cerci long, with 27 cylindrical segments; length of the last 3 segments is> 5X of its width. Setation (Fig. 4). Head, antennae and palpi with dense short setae. Pronotum covered with very short setae; marginal setae distinct and blunt, row continuous but setae longer in the corners, corners have setae as long as 1/12 of pronotum width (Fig. 4A). Setae on mesonotum and metanotum slightly longer than longest marginal setae on pronotum; wing pads with short setae. Femora mostly with short setae on the lateral surface, sparse strong and blunt setae arranged unevenly on the whole dorsal surface on mid and hind femora, fore femora with strong setae arranged in a median cluster; sparse, long swimming hairs also present on the dorsal surface. longest setae of all femora are less than half of the corresponding femur width. Tibiae bear strong but relatively short setae in the whole length, and sparse but distinct swimming hairs longer than tibia width (Fig. 4C). Tarsi and claws normal. Tergal segments covered with variable but mostly short setae; row of posterior margin are of slightly longer, blunt setae with different length, longest reach 1/3 of segment length; setae of the posterior margin are erect in lateral view and a few thin, erect hairs can be seen on each segments (Figs. 4C–D). Cercal segments with dense and long setation; setae sparser and shorter on the basal and apical segments. Cercomeres with strong setal whorls; medial cercomeres with an apical whorl of 8–10 blunt setae that are slightly shorter than segment length and tilted in less than 45° degree; distinct intercalary setae are also blunt, 1–3 erect swimming hairs present on most cercomeres. Material examined. CHINA: Guangxi, Fangchenggang City, Shangsi County, Shiwandashan National Forest Park, Pearl River below tourist route bridge, 315 m, 21°54’07” N, 107°54’17” E, 29 March 2015, Jenő Kontschán, Junyi Li, Shan Li, Weihai Li, Dávid Murányi, Guoquan Wang leg.: 1 pharate female larva, 6 male and 5 female adults (HNHM); same locality and collectors, 27 March 2015: 5 male and 4 female adults (HNHM); forest seep by the Pearl River, 265 m, 21°54’13” N, 107°54’14” E, 29 March 2015, same collectors: 1 male and 1 female adult (HNHM); light trap on Yunwu Hotel balcony above Pearl River, 295 m, 21°54’18” N, 107°54’12” E, 26–29 March 2015, same collectors: 2 female adults (HNHM); small forest brook, 365 m, 21°50’34” N, 107°51’48” E, 28 March 2015, same collectors: 1 male adult (HNHM). Distribution. China, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, seems to be restricted to the lower elevations of the Shiwandashan Mountains. Affinities. The larva of Amphinemura hamiornata has no distinctive color pattern, but combination of generally blunt setation, presence of long setae on the whole dorsal surface of hind femora, short tergal setation, and long, dense cercal setation distinguish it from the few known Chinese congeners. The female of A. hamiornata is generally similar to other known females of the sinensis group; distinction must rely on the shape of subgenital plate and may be confirmed also by the examination of inner sclerite., Published as part of Mo, Raorao, Wang, Guoquan, Yang, Ding, Li, Weihai & Murányi, Dávid, 2021, Two new species and four unknown larvae of Amphinemurinae (Plecoptera, Nemouridae) from southern China, pp. 77-101 in Zootaxa 5040 (1) on pages 80-82, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5040.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/5530984, {"references":["Li, W. H. & Yang, D. (2008) New species of Nemouridae (Plecoptera) from China. Aquatic Insects, 30 (3), 205 - 221. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 01650420802334038","Yang, D., Li, W. H. & Zhu, F. (2015) Fauna Sinica, Insecta. Vol. 58. Plecoptera: Nemouroidea. Science Press, Beijing, 518 pp.","Yang, D. & Li, W. H. (2018) Species catalogue of China. Vol. 2. Animals, Insecta (III), Plecoptera. Science Press, Beijing, 71 pp."]}

Amphinemura tulipa sp. n. (Figs. 8–10) Diagnosis. Male: terga IX–X with short spines, epiproct with bicolored and apically outcurved lateral processes that are armed with three distinct spines on the inner edge, paraproctal median lobe long and lacks spine, outer lobe long and with double apical spines. Female: pregenital plate large and pale, subgenital plate bicolored and posteriorly rounded, paragenital plates distinct, inner genitalia with four sclerites. Description. Adult habitus: Small sized species for the genus, general color brown. Head and antennae brown, palpi light brown. Thorax brown, pronotum with few and indistinct rugosities, wide trapezoid with square corners. Legs light brown. Wing membranes semitransparent, veins brown. Abdomen brown with slightly darker terminalia. Male. Forewing length 5.2 mm. Tergum IX weakly sclerotized, with few and indistinct short mesal spines, and 6 paramedial long hairs along both sides of mid-posterior margin (Figs. 8A, 9A). Sternum IX with long and very narrow vesicle, apically slightly widened. Hypoproct rounded, apical half evenly tapering, apex short tubular (Figs. 8C, 9B). Tergum X weakly sclerotized, concavity beneath epiproct narrow with 5–6 small spines along lateral sides. Cercus slightly sclerotized, stout and short. Epiproct twice longer than wide in dorsal view, distal portion trifurcate but median process nearly unpigmented and hardly detected in dorsal view; in lateral view, the epiproct is slightly flattened with erect median process and curved lateral processes. The lateral processes complex horn-shaped and closely located, base and outer lateral sides dark, out-curved apex membranous but inner edge darkly sclerotized and armed with 3 distinct spines, among the basal one is upwards directed; median process originates from ventral sclerite and slightly longer than lateral ones (Figs. 8A–B, 8D, 9A, 9C). Paraproct trilobed: inner lobe blunt triangular, well sclerotized, overhangs the tip of hypoproct; median lobe long and tubular, apical portion up- and outcurved, apex sclerotized and hairy but lacks spine; outer lobe S-shaped, long and thin but well sclerotized, caudally curved apex ends in two strong spines (Figs. 8–9). Female. Forewing length 6.2–6.5 mm. Sternum VII produced in a broad circular pregenital plate, covering anterior half of subgenital plate; plate is pale, bulging in lateral view, base of subgenital plate and inner genitalia transparent through its surface (Figs. 10A–B). Sternum VIII forms a sclerotized, rounded and bicolored subgenital plate, medial notch is shallow and obscured by light median longitudinal stripe. Paragenital plate paired, forming small and rounded brownish patches connected with posterolateral edge of subgenital plate thorugh a membranous portion. Sternum IX trapezoidal, median half protruded anteriorly, in ventral aspect with anterior indentation. Paraproct short and brown, apex widely rounded; cerci short and brownish. Female inner genitalia (Fig. 10C). Inner sclerite medially separated into rounded sclerites located anteriorly to the subgenital plate. Between the sclerites is a membranous tunnel with a tubular median sclerite leading to spermathecal ductus. A further, elongated sclerite is located beneath the subgenital plate’s medial pale stripe. The genital opening is wide and connected to the paragenital plates’ membranous portion. Etymology. The species name refers to Tulipa L. flowers, regarding to the shape of the male epiproct resembling a tulip. Type material. Holotype male: CHINA: Guangxi, Fangchenggang City, Shangsi county, Shiwandashan National Forest Park, Pearl River below tourist route bridge, 315 m, 21°54’07” N, 107°54’17” E, 29 March 2015, Jenő Kontschán, Junyi Li, Shan Li, Weihai Li, Dávid Murányi, Guoquan Wang leg. (HIST). Paratypes: same locality and date: 1 female adult (HNHM); light trap on Yunwu Hotel balcony above Pearl River, 295 m, 21°54’18” N, 107°54’12” E, 26–29 March 2015, same collectors: 1 female adult (HIST), 1 female adult (HNHM). Distribution and ecology. Hitherto known only from the Pearl River, a small submontane river in the Shiwandashan Mountains of Guangxi, China, close to the Vietnamese border. Three other species of stoneflies were recently described from the same section of the river, description of the habitat can be found in those publications: Rhopalopsole cestroidea Li, Murányi & Gamboa, 2017 (in: Li et al. 2017a), Sinacroneuria obscura Li & Murányi, 2017 (in: Li et al. 2017b), Neoperlops triangulatus Mo, Wang, Li & Murányi, 2020b. The new species was collected together with Amphinemura hamiornata, also belonging to the sinensis group, both at the light trap and by singling along the river, and A. hamiornata proved to be more numerous. Unfortunately, no associable larva for A. tulipa was found. Affinities. The new species belongs to the sinensis group sensu Li et al. 2018. The male can be easily distinguished from the 25 other species assigned to this group on the basis of bicolored lateral processes of the epiproct that are armed with 3 distinct, far-set inner spines. The female is also distinctive by its rounded, lobe-less subgenital plate, contrary to the posteriorly lobed subgenital plate of the known females of the sinensis group., Published as part of Mo, Raorao, Wang, Guoquan, Yang, Ding, Li, Weihai & Murányi, Dávid, 2021, Two new species and four unknown larvae of Amphinemurinae (Plecoptera, Nemouridae) from southern China, pp. 77-101 in Zootaxa 5040 (1) on pages 86-89, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5040.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/5530984, {"references":["Li, W. H., Muranyi, D., Gamboa, M., Yang, D. & Wantanabe, K. (2017 a) New species and records of Leuctridae (Plecoptera) from Guangxi, China, on the basis of morphological and molecular data, with emphasis on Rhopalopsole. Zootaxa, 4243 (1), 165 - 176. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4243.1.8","Li, W. H., Muranyi, D., Orci, K. M., Uchida, S. & Wang, R. F. (2017 b) A new species of Sinacroneuria (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, southcentral China based on male adult, larva and drumming signals, and validation of the Japanese species of the genus. Zootaxa, 4299 (1), 095 - 108. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4299.1.4","Mo, R. R., Wang, G. Q., Li, W. H. & Muranyi, D. (2020 b) Review of the Oriental genus Neoperlops Banks, 1939 (Plecoptera: Perlidae). Zootaxa, 4763 (3), 405 - 418. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4763.3.5"]}

Amphinemura yao Mo, Yang, Wang & Li, 2017 (Figs 11–14) Amphinemura yao Mo, Yang, Wang & Li, 2017: 278. Holotype male (HIST), China, Guangxi, Jinxiu, Dayaoshan. Complementary description of adults. Male (Figs. 11A–C). Tergum IX slightly sclerotized, with 2 paramedial groups of strong spines and hairs along mid-posterior margin. Slender vesicle of sternum IX claviform, length 4X of maximum width, constricted basally and slightly constricted medially. Hypoproct rectangular basally, gradually narrowing towards nipple-like tip. Tergum X sclerotized, a brown concavity presents below the epiproct, bearing a few strong spines on either sides of the concavity. Epiproct trifurcate, pentagonal, basally wide, with a pair of S-shaped lateral processes and a shorter median process; lateral processes strongly sclerotized, bearing relatively dense spines at apical half; median process strongly sclerotized except subapical part. Paraproct trilobed and simple without distinct spines and complex structures: outer lobe sclerotized, slender and hidden, much shorter than median lobe; median lobe large and strongly upcurved; inner lobe triangular, weakly sclerotized, mostly hidden by hypoproct. Female (Fig. 11D). Sternum VII weakly sclerotized with a sclerotized semicircular pregenital plate; the plate slightly extending to sternum VIII and partly covering anterior part of subgenital plate. Sternum VIII weakly sclerotized, with wing-shaped subgenital plate with a posteromedial notch; the notch triangular in ventral view and anteriorly linked the sclerotized medial rod. Sternum IX moderately sclerotized, extending anteromedially, subtrapezoidal. Description of mature larva. Measurements: Body length: 5.3–5.7 mm (excluding antennae and cerci). Habitus (Figs. 12–13). Body relatively slender for genus, general colour brown, with some indistinct pattern on head, pronotum and abdomen; head, pronotum and abdomen slightly darker than thorax and legs, but wing pads dark brown (Fig. 12). Antennae dark brown, scape and pedicel paler. Legs moderately long, width of hind femora> 1/4 of their length. The pronotum is rectangular with rounded corners, wider than long. Cervical gills long, inner and outer gills with 6 and 7 branches, respectively. Wing pads 3X of their width (Fig. 14D). Setation (Figs. 12–14). Head, antennae, and palpi with dense short setae. Pronotum covered with very short setae; marginal setae distinct and blunt, row continuous but setae shorter in anteromedial and posteromedial third, corners have setae as long as 1/13 of pronotum width (Figs. 12, 13A). Setae on mesonotum and metanotum as long as longest marginal setae on pronotum; wing pads with short setae besides marginal ones. Legs with relatively dense setae that are variable in length.All tibiae bear sparse and indistinct swimming hairs as long as tibia width (Figs. 12, 13B–C). Longest acute setae of all femora are about as long as half of the corresponding femur width; long setae not arranged in line, restricted to outer surface. Tarsi and claws normal. Tergal segments covered with short setae; row of posterior margin are of longer, thicker, blunt setae with different length, not erect in lateral view, longest nearly reaches half of segment length (Figs. 12, 14A). Cercal segments with relatively sparse and moderately long setation; setae sparser and shorter on the basal segments (Figs. 12, 14D). Cercomeres with strong setal whorls; medial cercomeres with an apical whorl of 8–12 acute setae that are longer than segment length, nearly parallel to cercomere; swimming hairs absent. Material examined. CHINA: Guangxi, Laibing City, Jinxiu Yao Autonomous County, Dayaoshan National Natural Reserve, Yinshan Park; 1130 m, 24°10’07’’ N, 110°14’38” E, 10 June 2020, Yan Lai, Raorao Mo, Qingcheng Yang et al. leg.: 1 pharate female larva, 7 ultimate larvae, 5 early instar larvae (HIST); same locality and collectors, 8 June 2020, light trap: 2 male and 8 female adults (HIST); same locality and collectors, 9 June 2020, light trap: 1 male and 1 female adult (HIST). Distribution. China, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, known only from the Dayaoshan National Natural Reserve. Four years after of collection of the types, all life stages were successfully collected at the type locality, including mature and younger larvae. Mature larvae can be easily associated with adults by the transparent genitalia, both sexes of Amphinemura yao are identical to the original description. Affinities. Similar to Amphinemura hamiornata, the larva of A. yao has no distinctive color pattern, and distinction from the known Chinese congeners must rely on combination of several setation characters: generally blunt setation, presence of long setae on the whole dorsal surface of hind femora, tergal row of setae moderately long and not erect in lateral view, cercal setation is moderately long and not erect, lack swimming hairs., Published as part of Mo, Raorao, Wang, Guoquan, Yang, Ding, Li, Weihai & Murányi, Dávid, 2021, Two new species and four unknown larvae of Amphinemurinae (Plecoptera, Nemouridae) from southern China, pp. 77-101 in Zootaxa 5040 (1) on pages 89-94, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5040.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/5530984, {"references":["Mo, R. R., Yang, D., Wang, G. Q. & Li, W. H. (2017) One new species of Amphinemura and description of the female of A. ancistroidea Li & Yang (Plecoptera: Nemouridae) from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of southern China. Zootaxa, 4276 (2), 277 - 284. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4276.2.9"]}

Amphinemura hamiornata Li & Yang, 2008 (Figs. 2–4) Amphinemura hamiornata Li & Yang, 2008: 211. Holotype male (CAU), China, Guangxi, Shangsi, Shiwandashan. Amphinemura hamiornata: Yang, Li & Zhu, 2015: 212. Amphinemura hamiornata: Yang & Li, 2018: 10. Description of female adult. Forewing length 6.0– 6.8 mm. Sternum VII produced in a broad circular pregenital plate, covering anterior half of subgenital plate; the plate is pale, slightly bulging in lateral view (Fig. 2A). Sternum VIII forms bicolored, rectangular subgenital plate with wavy posterior margin, short and as wide as half of the segment width; medial portion weakly sclerotized, with inner genitalia seen by transparency; posterior margin medially divided into short lobes by small triangular notch, lobes concave (Fig. 2B). Paragenital plate paired and brown, medium sized and rounded elliptical, partly covered by posterolateral edge of subgenital plate. Sternum IX trapezoidal, in ventral aspect with indistinct anterior indentation. Paraproct short and brownsih, apex widely rounded; cerci short and brownish. Inner genitalia (Fig. 2C): Inner sclerite is medially separated into complex sclerites located anteriorly to the subgenital plate; anterior part of the sclerites are rounded, with a sharp triangular inner projection pointing caudad, posterior part is smaller and rectangular. Between the sclerites is a membranous tunnel with a funnel-shaped median sclerite leading to spermathecal ductus. The genital opening is wide and connected to the paragenital plates’ inner edge. Description of mature larva. Measurements: Body length: 5.2 mm (excluding antennae and cerci). Habitus (Fig. 3). Body relatively slender, general color brown without any distinct pattern; abdomen evenly brown, tibiae slightly darker. Antennae brown, scape and pedicel slightly paler. Legs moderately long, width of hind femora> 1/3 of their length. The pronotum rectangular with rounded corners, wider than long. Cervical gills much longer than fore coxa, inner gills with 5, outer with 6 branches. Wing pads more than twice as long as the corresponding segments. Abdomen relatively slender, integument light matt brown, first 5 abdominal segments divided by pleura. Male larva unknown. Sternum VIII of female larva with a moderately deep posteromedial notch (Fig. 4E). Cerci long, with 27 cylindrical segments; length of the last 3 segments is> 5X of its width. Setation (Fig. 4). Head, antennae and palpi with dense short setae. Pronotum covered with very short setae; marginal setae distinct and blunt, row continuous but setae longer in the corners, corners have setae as long as 1/12 of pronotum width (Fig. 4A). Setae on mesonotum and metanotum slightly longer than longest marginal setae on pronotum; wing pads with short setae. Femora mostly with short setae on the lateral surface, sparse strong and blunt setae arranged unevenly on the whole dorsal surface on mid and hind femora, fore femora with strong setae arranged in a median cluster; sparse, long swimming hairs also present on the dorsal surface. longest setae of all femora are less than half of the corresponding femur width. Tibiae bear strong but relatively short setae in the whole length, and sparse but distinct swimming hairs longer than tibia width (Fig. 4C). Tarsi and claws normal. Tergal segments covered with variable but mostly short setae; row of posterior margin are of slightly longer, blunt setae with different length, longest reach 1/3 of segment length; setae of the posterior margin are erect in lateral view and a few thin, erect hairs can be seen on each segments (Figs. 4C–D). Cercal segments with dense and long setation; setae sparser and shorter on the basal and apical segments. Cercomeres with strong setal whorls; medial cercomeres with an apical whorl of 8–10 blunt setae that are slightly shorter than segment length and tilted in less than 45° degree; distinct intercalary setae are also blunt, 1–3 erect swimming hairs present on most cercomeres. Material examined. CHINA: Guangxi, Fangchenggang City, Shangsi County, Shiwandashan National Forest Park, Pearl River below tourist route bridge, 315 m, 21°54’07” N, 107°54’17” E, 29 March 2015, Jenő Kontschán, Junyi Li, Shan Li, Weihai Li, Dávid Murányi, Guoquan Wang leg.: 1 pharate female larva, 6 male and 5 female adults (HNHM); same locality and collectors, 27 March 2015: 5 male and 4 female adults (HNHM); forest seep by the Pearl River, 265 m, 21°54’13” N, 107°54’14” E, 29 March 2015, same collectors: 1 male and 1 female adult (HNHM); light trap on Yunwu Hotel balcony above Pearl River, 295 m, 21°54’18” N, 107°54’12” E, 26–29 March 2015, same collectors: 2 female adults (HNHM); small forest brook, 365 m, 21°50’34” N, 107°51’48” E, 28 March 2015, same collectors: 1 male adult (HNHM). Distribution. China, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, seems to be restricted to the lower elevations of the Shiwandashan Mountains. Affinities. The larva of Amphinemura hamiornata has no distinctive color pattern, but combination of generally blunt setation, presence of long setae on the whole dorsal surface of hind femora, short tergal setation, and long, dense cercal setation distinguish it from the few known Chinese congeners. The female of A. hamiornata is generally similar to other known females of the sinensis group; distinction must rely on the shape of subgenital plate and may be confirmed also by the examination of inner sclerite.

Amphinemura meizhouensis sp. n. (Figs. 5–7) Diagnosis. Male: terga IX–X with black spines, epiproct with a pair of outcurved lateral processes and a single longer median process, and with a pair of lateral bars having spinous and out-curved apex between lateral processes and median process. Paraproctal median lobe long and S-shaped with 3–4 apical spines; outer lobe slender and curved and with 1–2 apical spines. Female: pregenital plate large semicircular and pale, subgenital plate bicolored and rectangular, paragenital plates distinct and rectangular, inner genitalia with small sclerites. Description. Adult habitus: Small sized species for the genus, general color brown. Head dark brown; antennae brown, basal portion paler; palpi light brown. Thorax brown; pronotum with distinct rugosities, rectangular with square corners. Legs light brown. Wing membranes semitransparent, veins brown. Abdomen brown with slightly darker terminalia. Male. Forewing length 5.2–5.4 mm. Tergum IX weakly sclerotized, with 2 paramedial groups of black spinules and long hairs along mid-posterior margin (Figs. 5C–D, 6B). Sternum IX with long and narrow vesicle, apically slightly widened. Hypoproct rounded, apical half evenly tapering, apex unpigmented and nipple-like (Figs. 5B, 5D, 6A). Tergum X sclerotized, concavity beneath epiproct narrow with 2 spines along lateral sides. Cercus slightly sclerotized, stout and short. Epiproct twice longer than wide in dorsal view, distal portion with a pair of lateral process and a slender median process, but with a pair of sclerotized bars between them; in lateral view, the epiproct is slightly flattened with upcurved median process and downcurved lateral processes. The lateral processes strongly sclerotized, dark and horn-shaped, out-curved apex armed with several small spines; median process originates from ventral sclerite and slightly longer than lateral ones with unpigmented tip. Lateral bars on each side of midline, darkly sclerotized, with sparse small to bigger spines along its apical half; apex strongly outcurved nearly forming right-angled (Figs. 5C–D, 6B–E). Paraproct trilobed: inner lobe blunt triangular, well sclerotized; median lobe long, S-shaped in lateral view, apical portion up- and outcurved, apex weakly sclerotized with 3–4 spines; outer lobe curved, slender and thin but well sclerotized, caudally curved apex ends in 1–2 strong spines (Figs. 5B–D, 6A–B, 6F). Female. Forewing length 6.1–6.4 mm. Sternum VII produced in a broad semicircular pregenital plate, covering anterior half of subgenital plate; the plate is pale, slightly bulging in lateral view, base of subgenital plate and inner genitalia transparent through its surface (Figs. 10B–D). Sternum VIII forms sclerotized, rectangular and bicolored subgenital plate, medial notch is being shallow by light median longitudinal wide stripe. Paragenital plate paired, forming small and rectangular brownish patches connected with posterolateral edge of subgenital plate through a membranous portion. Sternum IX trapezoidal, median half protruded anteriorly, in ventral aspect without anterior indentation. Paraproct short and brown, apex widely rounded; cerci short and brownish. Female inner genitalia (Fig. 6E). Inner sclerite mostly membranous, mushhroom-shaped; lateral edges of subgenital plate turns around the sclerite dorsally; anteromedial portion with a short tubular structure, connected to the spermathecal ductus. The genital opening is wide and connected to the paragenital plates’ membranous portion. Etymology. The new species is named after the type locality, Meizhou City. Type material. Holotype male: CHINA: Guangdong, Meizhou City, Meixian Area, Yanyang Town, Changjiao Village, Yearning Tea Plantation Tourist Attraction, Longnashan Mountain Ecological Valley, Baoling Temple, 346.2 m, 24°22'34'' N, 116°22'4" E, 7 October 2019, Raorao Mo, Shuai Tang, Fengpin Qin et al. leg. (HIST). Paratypes: same date as holotype: 2 male and 4 female adults (HIST); same data as holotype, Longnashan Mountain Ecological Valley, 325.0 m: 3 female adults (HIST). Distribution and ecology. The new species was only found at Longnashan Mountains in Meizhou City of Guangdong, China and is also the first stonefly record from these mountains. Longnashan Mountains are adjacent to the Yinnashan Mountains. The new species was collected together with numerous Rhopalopsole sinensis Yang & Yang, 1993. Currently, five known stonefly species were described from Meizhou City and they are all recorded in Yinnashan Mountains: Neoperlops gressitti Banks, 1939, N. obscuripennis Banks, 1939, Togoperla canilimbata (Enderlein, 1909) (in: Banks 1939), Neoperla banksi (Illies, 1966) (in: Banks 1939) and Kiotina chiangi (Banks, 1939). In Banks (1939), Yinnashan was written as Yim Na San. The latter pronunciation may come from Hakka dialect. Unfortunately, no associable larva of the new species was found. Affinities. The new species should be placed in the A. sinensis group (sensu Li et al. 2018). It differs from other members of the group by the epiproct with additional lateral bars bearing spinous and an out-curved apex, and Sshaped paraproctal median lobe. Lateral bars or split median process of epiproct can be found in certain members of the group, A. ancistroidea Li & Yang, 2007, A. divergens Stark & Sivec, 2010, A. giay Stark & Sivec, 2010, A. hamiornata Li & Yang, 2008, and A. tianmushana Li & Yang, 2011. But, the lateral bars of the new species can be easily separated from those species by the unique shape. The slight differences in the female subgenital plate are also typical of the known females of the sinensis group., Published as part of Mo, Raorao, Wang, Guoquan, Yang, Ding, Li, Weihai & Murányi, Dávid, 2021, Two new species and four unknown larvae of Amphinemurinae (Plecoptera, Nemouridae) from southern China, pp. 77-101 in Zootaxa 5040 (1) on pages 83-86, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5040.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/5530984, {"references":["Banks, N. (1939) New genera and species of neuropteroid insects from Szechwan, China. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard Collection, 85, 439 - 504.","Enderlein, G. (1909) Plecopterologische Studien. II. Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung, Stettin, 70, 324 - 352.","Illies, J. (1966) Katalog der rezenten Plecoptera. Das Tierreich. Vol. 82. De Gruyter, Berlin, xxx + 632 pp.","Li, W. H. & Yang, D. (2007) Review of the genus Amphinemura (Plecoptera: Nemouridae) from Guangdong, China. Zootaxa, 1511 (1), 55 - 64. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1511.1.4","Stark, B. P. & Sivec, I. (2010) Eight new species of Amphinemura (Plecoptera: Nemouridae) from Vietnam. Illiesia, 6 (5), 41 - 51.","Li, W. H. & Yang, D. (2008) New species of Nemouridae (Plecoptera) from China. Aquatic Insects, 30 (3), 205 - 221. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 01650420802334038","Li, W. H. & Yang, D. (2011) Two new species of Amphinemura (Plecoptera: Nemouridae) from China. Zootaxa, 2975 (1), 29 - 34. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2975.1.2"]}

Amphinemura meizhouensis sp. n. (Figs. 5–7) Diagnosis. Male: terga IX–X with black spines, epiproct with a pair of outcurved lateral processes and a single longer median process, and with a pair of lateral bars having spinous and out-curved apex between lateral processes and median process. Paraproctal median lobe long and S-shaped with 3–4 apical spines; outer lobe slender and curved and with 1–2 apical spines. Female: pregenital plate large semicircular and pale, subgenital plate bicolored and rectangular, paragenital plates distinct and rectangular, inner genitalia with small sclerites. Description. Adult habitus: Small sized species for the genus, general color brown. Head dark brown; antennae brown, basal portion paler; palpi light brown. Thorax brown; pronotum with distinct rugosities, rectangular with square corners. Legs light brown. Wing membranes semitransparent, veins brown. Abdomen brown with slightly darker terminalia. Male. Forewing length 5.2–5.4 mm. Tergum IX weakly sclerotized, with 2 paramedial groups of black spinules and long hairs along mid-posterior margin (Figs. 5C–D, 6B). Sternum IX with long and narrow vesicle, apically slightly widened. Hypoproct rounded, apical half evenly tapering, apex unpigmented and nipple-like (Figs. 5B, 5D, 6A). Tergum X sclerotized, concavity beneath epiproct narrow with 2 spines along lateral sides. Cercus slightly sclerotized, stout and short. Epiproct twice longer than wide in dorsal view, distal portion with a pair of lateral process and a slender median process, but with a pair of sclerotized bars between them; in lateral view, the epiproct is slightly flattened with upcurved median process and downcurved lateral processes. The lateral processes strongly sclerotized, dark and horn-shaped, out-curved apex armed with several small spines; median process originates from ventral sclerite and slightly longer than lateral ones with unpigmented tip. Lateral bars on each side of midline, darkly sclerotized, with sparse small to bigger spines along its apical half; apex strongly outcurved nearly forming right-angled (Figs. 5C–D, 6B–E). Paraproct trilobed: inner lobe blunt triangular, well sclerotized; median lobe long, S-shaped in lateral view, apical portion up- and outcurved, apex weakly sclerotized with 3–4 spines; outer lobe curved, slender and thin but well sclerotized, caudally curved apex ends in 1–2 strong spines (Figs. 5B–D, 6A–B, 6F). Female. Forewing length 6.1–6.4 mm. Sternum VII produced in a broad semicircular pregenital plate, covering anterior half of subgenital plate; the plate is pale, slightly bulging in lateral view, base of subgenital plate and inner genitalia transparent through its surface (Figs. 10B–D). Sternum VIII forms sclerotized, rectangular and bicolored subgenital plate, medial notch is being shallow by light median longitudinal wide stripe. Paragenital plate paired, forming small and rectangular brownish patches connected with posterolateral edge of subgenital plate through a membranous portion. Sternum IX trapezoidal, median half protruded anteriorly, in ventral aspect without anterior indentation. Paraproct short and brown, apex widely rounded; cerci short and brownish. Female inner genitalia (Fig. 6E). Inner sclerite mostly membranous, mushhroom-shaped; lateral edges of subgenital plate turns around the sclerite dorsally; anteromedial portion with a short tubular structure, connected to the spermathecal ductus. The genital opening is wide and connected to the paragenital plates’ membranous portion. Etymology. The new species is named after the type locality, Meizhou City. Type material. Holotype male: CHINA: Guangdong, Meizhou City, Meixian Area, Yanyang Town, Changjiao Village, Yearning Tea Plantation Tourist Attraction, Longnashan Mountain Ecological Valley, Baoling Temple, 346.2 m, 24°22'34'' N, 116°22'4" E, 7 October 2019, Raorao Mo, Shuai Tang, Fengpin Qin et al. leg. (HIST). Paratypes: same date as holotype: 2 male and 4 female adults (HIST); same data as holotype, Longnashan Mountain Ecological Valley, 325.0 m: 3 female adults (HIST). Distribution and ecology. The new species was only found at Longnashan Mountains in Meizhou City of Guangdong, China and is also the first stonefly record from these mountains. Longnashan Mountains are adjacent to the Yinnashan Mountains. The new species was collected together with numerous Rhopalopsole sinensis Yang & Yang, 1993. Currently, five known stonefly species were described from Meizhou City and they are all recorded in Yinnashan Mountains: Neoperlops gressitti Banks, 1939, N. obscuripennis Banks, 1939, Togoperla canilimbata (Enderlein, 1909) (in: Banks 1939), Neoperla banksi (Illies, 1966) (in: Banks 1939) and Kiotina chiangi (Banks, 1939). In Banks (1939), Yinnashan was written as Yim Na San. The latter pronunciation may come from Hakka dialect. Unfortunately, no associable larva of the new species was found. Affinities. The new species should be placed in the A. sinensis group (sensu Li et al. 2018). It differs from other members of the group by the epiproct with additional lateral bars bearing spinous and an out-curved apex, and Sshaped paraproctal median lobe. Lateral bars or split median process of epiproct can be found in certain members of the group, A. ancistroidea Li & Yang, 2007, A. divergens Stark & Sivec, 2010, A. giay Stark & Sivec, 2010, A. hamiornata Li & Yang, 2008, and A. tianmushana Li & Yang, 2011. But, the lateral bars of the new species can be easily separated from those species by the unique shape. The slight differences in the female subgenital plate are also typical of the known females of the sinensis group.

Amphinemura yao Mo, Yang, Wang & Li, 2017 (Figs 11–14) Amphinemura yao Mo, Yang, Wang & Li, 2017: 278. Holotype male (HIST), China, Guangxi, Jinxiu, Dayaoshan. Complementary description of adults. Male (Figs. 11A–C). Tergum IX slightly sclerotized, with 2 paramedial groups of strong spines and hairs along mid-posterior margin. Slender vesicle of sternum IX claviform, length 4X of maximum width, constricted basally and slightly constricted medially. Hypoproct rectangular basally, gradually narrowing towards nipple-like tip. Tergum X sclerotized, a brown concavity presents below the epiproct, bearing a few strong spines on either sides of the concavity. Epiproct trifurcate, pentagonal, basally wide, with a pair of S-shaped lateral processes and a shorter median process; lateral processes strongly sclerotized, bearing relatively dense spines at apical half; median process strongly sclerotized except subapical part. Paraproct trilobed and simple without distinct spines and complex structures: outer lobe sclerotized, slender and hidden, much shorter than median lobe; median lobe large and strongly upcurved; inner lobe triangular, weakly sclerotized, mostly hidden by hypoproct. Female (Fig. 11D). Sternum VII weakly sclerotized with a sclerotized semicircular pregenital plate; the plate slightly extending to sternum VIII and partly covering anterior part of subgenital plate. Sternum VIII weakly sclerotized, with wing-shaped subgenital plate with a posteromedial notch; the notch triangular in ventral view and anteriorly linked the sclerotized medial rod. Sternum IX moderately sclerotized, extending anteromedially, subtrapezoidal. Description of mature larva. Measurements: Body length: 5.3–5.7 mm (excluding antennae and cerci). Habitus (Figs. 12–13). Body relatively slender for genus, general colour brown, with some indistinct pattern on head, pronotum and abdomen; head, pronotum and abdomen slightly darker than thorax and legs, but wing pads dark brown (Fig. 12). Antennae dark brown, scape and pedicel paler. Legs moderately long, width of hind femora> 1/4 of their length. The pronotum is rectangular with rounded corners, wider than long. Cervical gills long, inner and outer gills with 6 and 7 branches, respectively. Wing pads 3X of their width (Fig. 14D). Setation (Figs. 12–14). Head, antennae, and palpi with dense short setae. Pronotum covered with very short setae; marginal setae distinct and blunt, row continuous but setae shorter in anteromedial and posteromedial third, corners have setae as long as 1/13 of pronotum width (Figs. 12, 13A). Setae on mesonotum and metanotum as long as longest marginal setae on pronotum; wing pads with short setae besides marginal ones. Legs with relatively dense setae that are variable in length.All tibiae bear sparse and indistinct swimming hairs as long as tibia width (Figs. 12, 13B–C). Longest acute setae of all femora are about as long as half of the corresponding femur width; long setae not arranged in line, restricted to outer surface. Tarsi and claws normal. Tergal segments covered with short setae; row of posterior margin are of longer, thicker, blunt setae with different length, not erect in lateral view, longest nearly reaches half of segment length (Figs. 12, 14A). Cercal segments with relatively sparse and moderately long setation; setae sparser and shorter on the basal segments (Figs. 12, 14D). Cercomeres with strong setal whorls; medial cercomeres with an apical whorl of 8–12 acute setae that are longer than segment length, nearly parallel to cercomere; swimming hairs absent. Material examined. CHINA: Guangxi, Laibing City, Jinxiu Yao Autonomous County, Dayaoshan National Natural Reserve, Yinshan Park; 1130 m, 24°10’07’’ N, 110°14’38” E, 10 June 2020, Yan Lai, Raorao Mo, Qingcheng Yang et al. leg.: 1 pharate female larva, 7 ultimate larvae, 5 early instar larvae (HIST); same locality and collectors, 8 June 2020, light trap: 2 male and 8 female adults (HIST); same locality and collectors, 9 June 2020, light trap: 1 male and 1 female adult (HIST). Distribution. China, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, known only from the Dayaoshan National Natural Reserve. Four years after of collection of the types, all life stages were successfully collected at the type locality, including mature and younger larvae. Mature larvae can be easily associated with adults by the transparent genitalia, both sexes of Amphinemura yao are identical to the original description. Affinities. Similar to Amphinemura hamiornata, the larva of A. yao has no distinctive color pattern, and distinction from the known Chinese congeners must rely on combination of several setation characters: generally blunt setation, presence of long setae on the whole dorsal surface of hind femora, tergal row of setae moderately long and not erect in lateral view, cercal setation is moderately long and not erect, lack swimming hairs.

Two new species, Flavoperla retusata Mo, Li & Wang, sp. nov. and F. yangi Mo, Li & Murányi, sp. nov. are proposed from the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of southern China. Distinctness of the new species is based on morphological characters and DNA sequence comparisons with their closest known relative, F. galerispina Mo, Wang & Li, 2020. The taxonomic relationships of the two new species and related congeners are discussed.

Neoperla hainanensis Yang & Yang, 1995 (Fig. 6) Neoperla hainanensis Yang & Yang, 1995: 224; Du, Sivec & He, 1999: 62; Chen & Du, 2016: 244; Yang & Li, 2018: 40; Mo, Liu, Li & Shi, 2020: 375. Supplementary description (Fig. 6). Tergum 6 with a posteromedial patch of sensilla basiconica. Aedeagal tube strongly sclerotized, slightly curved ventrad, dorsally with spinules, and ventrally with a pair of short subapical nipple shaped lobes (Figs. 6c���6d). Aedeagal sac short, about 0.25X tube length, membranous, curved ventrally, and gradually tapering to a blunt tip; apical half covered by dense spinules (Figs. 6c���6d). Material examined. 1 male (CAU), China: Hainan Province, Ledong Li Autonomous County, Jianfengling Mountain, 18.7528 N, 109.1763 E. 800 m, 2013.IV.12, Sun & Zhang. Distribution. China (Hainan Province). Remarks. The aedeagal sac of Neoperla hainanensis Yang & Yang, 1995 was not everted and described in the original description. The head pattern, the dorsal terminalia, and the aedeagal tube of this single male specimen agree well with figures provided by Yang & Yang (1995). But our male specimen has a patch of sensilla basiconica on tergum 6 posteromedially, which is thought to be intraspecific variation. We provide additional illustrations to aid in the recognition of this southern China species., Published as part of Mo, Raorao, Wang, Guoquan & Li, Weihai, 2021, One new species and one poorly known species of Neoperla in the montivaga group (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from Hainan Province, China, pp. 385-394 in Zootaxa 5004 (2) on pages 392-393, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5004.2.7, http://zenodo.org/record/5120615, {"references":["Yang, D. & Yang, C. K. (1995) Three new species of Plecoptera from Hainan Province. Acta Agriculture Universitatis Pekinensis, 21, 223 - 225.","Du, Y. Z., Sivec, I. & He, J. H. (1999) A checklist of the Chinese species of the family Perlidae (Plecoptera: Perloidea). Acta Entomologica Slovenica, 7, 59 - 67.","Chen, Z. T. & Du, Y. Z. (2016) Contribution to the knowledge of Neoperla (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from Hainan Province of China. Zootaxa, 4144 (2), 243 - 252. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4144.2.6","Yang, D. & Li, W. H. (2018) Species catalogue of China. Volume 2 Animals, Insecta (III), Plecoptera. Science Press, Beijing, 71 pp.","Mo, R. R., Liu, R. J., Li, W. H. & Shi, M. W. (2020) Rediscovery of two species of Neoperla (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from China. Zootaxa, 4758 (2), 369 - 377. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4758.2.10"]}

One new species of the genus Neoperla in the montivaga species group, N. limushana sp. nov. is proposed from Hainan Province of southern China. The new species is compared with related congeners of the group. In addition, a supplementary description and illustrations of the adult male of N. hainanensis Yang & Yang, 1995 also presented. A provisional key to the presently known species of the N. montivaga group of Hainan Province is also given.

Caroperla brevihamata Mo, Wang & Li, sp. nov. (Figs. 1���5) Adult habitus (Figs. 1 a���1b). General color brown. Head brown, with a large subtrapezoidal dark brown marking, covering ocelli and extending forward to frons; triocellate, anterior ocellus smaller, head slightly wider than pronotum. Pronotum darker than head, rectangular, covered with dark brown markings, corners rounded. Wings brownish, veins darker. Legs brown. Male (Figs. 1a, 1b, 2, 3, 4 a���4c). Forewing length ca. 8.0 mm, hindwing length ca. 6.7 mm. Epiproct upcurved, anterior margin distinctly sclerotized, posterior margin membranous, upturned apex seemingly semicircular in dorsal views (Figs. 2 a���2b, 4a, 4c). Paraprocts strongly bent and upturned, apical half cambered, semicircular in outline, subtriangular in caudal view, with vestige of a triangular gill laterally (Figs. 2 a���2b, 4a���4c). Cerci short, with 6 segments. Basal cercal segment about 5X as long as apical wide of the segment (Figs. 2c, 3c, 4a, 4c); segment 1 of cerci distinctly sclerotized, curved upward, and gradually tapering to the tip, with a short hooked process, a long and large seta and two shorter thinner setae at tip; segments 2���6 covered by short dense thin setae with apical whorls. The apical whorl is a set of strong, acute setae. Abdominal tergum 10 with a large dark brown to brown inverted triangular mesal sclerite; terga 4���9 with mesal patches of thickened setae, also medially interrupted by a broad to narrow membranous patch. Abdominal terga and sterna with setal brushes on posterior edge; those on lateral margins of sterna 7���9 conspicuous. The posteromedian margin of the sternum 8 slightly produced forming a small triangular process with a blunt tip (Figs. 3 a���3b, 4a). Sternum 9 sclerotized, inverted subtrapezoidal (Figs. 3 a���3b). Female (Figs. 1c, 4d, 5). Forewing length 8.2 mm, hindwing length 7.2 mm. Habitus generally similar to male. Sternum 8 with large elliptical subgenital plate, extending over abdomen, with a shallow triangular posteromedian notch; posterior margin fringed with a row of long setae (Fig. 5). Posterior margin of sternum 9 constricted medially forming a shallow incision. Cerci short, with 7 segments (Fig. 4d). Basal cercal segment about 2 times long as wide; segments armed with normal fine long setae and with apical whorls of strong and acute setae. Larva and egg. Unknown. Type material. Holotype male (HIST): CHINA: Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin City, Multinational Autonomous County of Longsheng, Huaping National Nature Reserve, 25��37��� 37������ N, 109��54���42��� E, 731.6 m, 2020.VI.15, light trap, Raorao Mo, Yan Lai et al. Paratype: 1 female (HIST), same location and collectors as holotype, 2020.VI.17, light trap. Etymology. Latin ���brev��� means short; Latin ���hamatus��� means hooked. The specific epithet refers to the short hooked apical process of basal cercal segment. Distribution. China (Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region). Remarks. The male of new species is characterized by the inverted triangular mesal sclerite of tergum 10, the semicircular epiproct, the semicircular paraprocts with a small vestige of a triangular gill laterally, the tip of cercal segment 1 with a short hooked process and a long and large seta, and sternum 8 with a small triangular posteromedian process. The dorsolateral paraproct of the male has a vestige of a gill in both the new species and Japanese C. pacifica Kohno, 1946, but the basal cercal segment of the latter species has a large and long sclerotized hook, distinguishing it from C. brevihamata. Both the new species and C. longilobata Mo, Wang & Li, 2019, another species known from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, share a similar long, large and outcurved seta on tip of cercal segment 1, but C. longilobata is easily separated from the new species by having the larger semicircular mid-posterior plate of sternum 9. In addition, usually the females of other Caroperla species have a large subgenital plate with a row of long setae at posterior margin lacking an apical notch. In C. brevihamata, the large elliptical subgenital plate that extends beyond posterior margin of sternum 10 with a small triangular posteromedian notch, distinguishes the female of it from all known species of Caroperla., Published as part of Mo, Raorao, Liu, Hong, Liao, Debao, Wang, Guoquan & Li, Weihai, 2020, Caroperla brevihamata (Plecoptera: Perlidae), a new stonefly species from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of southern China, pp. 430-436 in Zootaxa 4869 (3) on pages 431-436, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4869.3.9, http://zenodo.org/record/4443784, {"references":["Kohno, M. (1946) Notes on two new genera of Plecoptera from Japan. Collecting and Breeding, 8, 58 - 65, 70.","Mo, R. R., Wang, G. Q., & Li, W. H. (2019) A new species of Caroperla Kohno, 1946 (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from Guangxi of China. Zootaxa, 4612 (4), 591 - 594. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4612.4.11"]}

Caroperla brevihamata Mo, Wang & Li, sp. nov. (Figs. 1–5) Adult habitus (Figs. 1 a–1b). General color brown. Head brown, with a large subtrapezoidal dark brown marking, covering ocelli and extending forward to frons; triocellate, anterior ocellus smaller, head slightly wider than pronotum. Pronotum darker than head, rectangular, covered with dark brown markings, corners rounded. Wings brownish, veins darker. Legs brown. Male (Figs. 1a, 1b, 2, 3, 4 a–4c). Forewing length ca. 8.0 mm, hindwing length ca. 6.7 mm. Epiproct upcurved, anterior margin distinctly sclerotized, posterior margin membranous, upturned apex seemingly semicircular in dorsal views (Figs. 2 a–2b, 4a, 4c). Paraprocts strongly bent and upturned, apical half cambered, semicircular in outline, subtriangular in caudal view, with vestige of a triangular gill laterally (Figs. 2 a–2b, 4a–4c). Cerci short, with 6 segments. Basal cercal segment about 5X as long as apical wide of the segment (Figs. 2c, 3c, 4a, 4c); segment 1 of cerci distinctly sclerotized, curved upward, and gradually tapering to the tip, with a short hooked process, a long and large seta and two shorter thinner setae at tip; segments 2–6 covered by short dense thin setae with apical whorls. The apical whorl is a set of strong, acute setae. Abdominal tergum 10 with a large dark brown to brown inverted triangular mesal sclerite; terga 4–9 with mesal patches of thickened setae, also medially interrupted by a broad to narrow membranous patch. Abdominal terga and sterna with setal brushes on posterior edge; those on lateral margins of sterna 7–9 conspicuous. The posteromedian margin of the sternum 8 slightly produced forming a small triangular process with a blunt tip (Figs. 3 a–3b, 4a). Sternum 9 sclerotized, inverted subtrapezoidal (Figs. 3 a–3b). Female (Figs. 1c, 4d, 5). Forewing length 8.2 mm, hindwing length 7.2 mm. Habitus generally similar to male. Sternum 8 with large elliptical subgenital plate, extending over abdomen, with a shallow triangular posteromedian notch; posterior margin fringed with a row of long setae (Fig. 5). Posterior margin of sternum 9 constricted medially forming a shallow incision. Cerci short, with 7 segments (Fig. 4d). Basal cercal segment about 2 times long as wide; segments armed with normal fine long setae and with apical whorls of strong and acute setae. Larva and egg. Unknown. Type material. Holotype male (HIST): CHINA: Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin City, Multinational Autonomous County of Longsheng, Huaping National Nature Reserve, 25°37’ 37’’ N, 109°54’42” E, 731.6 m, 2020.VI.15, light trap, Raorao Mo, Yan Lai et al. Paratype: 1 female (HIST), same location and collectors as holotype, 2020.VI.17, light trap. Etymology. Latin “brev” means short; Latin “hamatus” means hooked. The specific epithet refers to the short hooked apical process of basal cercal segment. Distribution. China (Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region). Remarks. The male of new species is characterized by the inverted triangular mesal sclerite of tergum 10, the semicircular epiproct, the semicircular paraprocts with a small vestige of a triangular gill laterally, the tip of cercal segment 1 with a short hooked process and a long and large seta, and sternum 8 with a small triangular posteromedian process. The dorsolateral paraproct of the male has a vestige of a gill in both the new species and Japanese C. pacifica Kohno, 1946, but the basal cercal segment of the latter species has a large and long sclerotized hook, distinguishing it from C. brevihamata. Both the new species and C. longilobata Mo, Wang & Li, 2019, another species known from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, share a similar long, large and outcurved seta on tip of cercal segment 1, but C. longilobata is easily separated from the new species by having the larger semicircular mid-posterior plate of sternum 9. In addition, usually the females of other Caroperla species have a large subgenital plate with a row of long setae at posterior margin lacking an apical notch. In C. brevihamata, the large elliptical subgenital plate that extends beyond posterior margin of sternum 10 with a small triangular posteromedian notch, distinguishes the female of it from all known species of Caroperla.

Mo, Raorao, Ye, Jianping, Wang, Guoquan, Li, Weihai (2020): The first record of the family Chloroperlidae (Plecoptera) from the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of southern China, with description of a new species of Sweltsa Ricker, 1943. Zootaxa 4853 (2): 275-282, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4853.2.8

Sweltsa bilobata sp. nov. (Figs. 1-6) Adult habitus (Figs. 1a, 1b, 3a, 3b). General color greenish, becoming pale in ethanol. Head with a large, rectangular median dark area; compound eyes dark, ocelli with dark rings; antennae pale but distal flagella brown (Figs. 1a, 2a). Pronotum with brown symmetrical medial pattern. Wing membrane transparent; legs pale. Abdominal terga 1-7 with median brown triangular stripe, tergum 8 with median brown elliptical stripe. Cerci pale with long setae. Male (Figs. 1a, 2 a-2e, 3a, 4a–4h, 6a, 6b). Body length 8.1-8.3 mm (from head excluding antennae to tip of forewing); forewing length 7.0- 7.2 mm; hindwing length 5.8-6.0 mm. Lateral hair brush typical, present at abdominal segments 6-9. Tergum 9 sclerotized except medial portion membranous, transverse ridge strongly sclerotized and band-shaped, the ridge in lateral aspect forming triangular process (Figs. 2b, 2 d-2e, 3a, 4a, 4c-4d). Sternum 9 with broad trapezoidal subgenital plate, posterior margin truncate (Figs. 2c, 4b). Tergum 10 with a pair of distinctly sclerotized transverse lateral bands, the medial portion between the bands greatly enlarged in the shield-like darkly sclerotized basal anchor, the anchor slightly wider than long, and with typical membranous groove and paragential plates between hemiterga, basal bar concave ventrally and abruptly up-curved dorsad medially, thus L-shaped in lateral view (Figs. 2b, 2 d-2e, 3a, 4a, 4c,4d). Epiproct claviform, parallel-sided for its most length, but slightly constricted medially, subapically tapering to a sharp tip in dorsal view; in lateral view, ventroapical half moderately enlarged and flat, dorsal subapical portion with a indistinct notch and the tip rounded (Figs. 2b, 2 d-2e, 3a, 4a, 4c, 4d, 6a, 6b). Aedeagus membranous, trapezoidal in ventral aspect, with a pair of finger-like apical lobes and a flat semicircular dorsoapical lobe (Figs. 2c, 4 a-4c, 4e-4h). Female (Figs. 1b, 3b, 5 a-5d). Body length ca. 11.2 mm (from head excluding antennae to tip of forewing); forewing length ca. 9.3 mm; hindwing length ca. 8.0 mm. Habitus generally similar to male except only female abdominal terga 1-7 with median brown subtriangular stripe (Figs. 1b, 3b). The posterior margin of sternum 8 forming a large trapezoidal subgenital plate, reaching near posterior margin of sternum 9 and expanding in lateral view seems scalloped, with a small triangular posteromedial notch. Type Material. Holotype male (HIST), CHINA: Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin City, Xing’an County, Maoershan National Natural Reserve, Jiuniutang, E 110°25’1”, N 25°52’16’’, 1961-2000 m, 2020.VI.22, Mo R. R., Yang Q.C. et al. Paratypes, 1 male and 1 female (HIST), same data and date as holotype. Etymology. The name refers to a pair of finger-like apical lobes of the aedeagus. Latin “bi-” means two, double, and “lobus” means lobes. Distribution. China (Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region). Remarks. The new species is similar to the Indian species, S. assam Zwick, 1971 in sharing the similar head pattern, tergum 9, the dorsal shape of the epiproct and general shape of female subgenital plate. However, S. bilobata may be easily separated from S. assam by the following features: pronotum with larger brown medial pattern, dorsal aspect of epiproct nearly straight in lateral view. In S. assam, the pronotum bears a narrow pale brown medial pattern; apical half of the epiproct has a noticeable subapical indentation and seemingly downcurved in lateral view (figs. a & d in Zwick 1971). In addition, the head pattern, tergum 9 and the general shape of epiproct of the new species is also similar to S. longistyla (Wu, 1938) from China. However, in S. longistyla, the medial pattern of pronotum is narrower; the epiproct is slender and stiletto-shaped, gradually tapering to apex with a blunter apical point, and ventroapical half is not enlarged; basal anchor is small and cup-like; the female subgenital plate is smaller and triangular with apex larger rounded medial notch (figs. 14-27 in Li et al. 2014), not as in S. bilobata, the medial pattern of pronotum is wider; epiproct is claviform, mostly parallel-sided except for medial constriction, and only subapically tapering toward tip with sharper apex in dorsal view; ventroapical half is obviously enlarged in lateral view; basal anchor is larger and shield-like. Additionally, usually the females of most Sweltsa species have notched subgenital plates. The female subgenital plate of new species is broader and trapezoidal with a small triangular posteromedial notch, which is helpful separating females of the two species.

Sweltsa bilobata sp. nov. (Figs. 1-6) Adult habitus (Figs. 1a, 1b, 3a, 3b). General color greenish, becoming pale in ethanol. Head with a large, rectangular median dark area; compound eyes dark, ocelli with dark rings; antennae pale but distal flagella brown (Figs. 1a, 2a). Pronotum with brown symmetrical medial pattern. Wing membrane transparent; legs pale. Abdominal terga 1-7 with median brown triangular stripe, tergum 8 with median brown elliptical stripe. Cerci pale with long setae. Male (Figs. 1a, 2 a-2e, 3a, 4a���4h, 6a, 6b). Body length 8.1-8.3 mm (from head excluding antennae to tip of forewing); forewing length 7.0- 7.2 mm; hindwing length 5.8-6.0 mm. Lateral hair brush typical, present at abdominal segments 6-9. Tergum 9 sclerotized except medial portion membranous, transverse ridge strongly sclerotized and band-shaped, the ridge in lateral aspect forming triangular process (Figs. 2b, 2 d-2e, 3a, 4a, 4c-4d). Sternum 9 with broad trapezoidal subgenital plate, posterior margin truncate (Figs. 2c, 4b). Tergum 10 with a pair of distinctly sclerotized transverse lateral bands, the medial portion between the bands greatly enlarged in the shield-like darkly sclerotized basal anchor, the anchor slightly wider than long, and with typical membranous groove and paragential plates between hemiterga, basal bar concave ventrally and abruptly up-curved dorsad medially, thus L-shaped in lateral view (Figs. 2b, 2 d-2e, 3a, 4a, 4c,4d). Epiproct claviform, parallel-sided for its most length, but slightly constricted medially, subapically tapering to a sharp tip in dorsal view; in lateral view, ventroapical half moderately enlarged and flat, dorsal subapical portion with a indistinct notch and the tip rounded (Figs. 2b, 2 d-2e, 3a, 4a, 4c, 4d, 6a, 6b). Aedeagus membranous, trapezoidal in ventral aspect, with a pair of finger-like apical lobes and a flat semicircular dorsoapical lobe (Figs. 2c, 4 a-4c, 4e-4h). Female (Figs. 1b, 3b, 5 a-5d). Body length ca. 11.2 mm (from head excluding antennae to tip of forewing); forewing length ca. 9.3 mm; hindwing length ca. 8.0 mm. Habitus generally similar to male except only female abdominal terga 1-7 with median brown subtriangular stripe (Figs. 1b, 3b). The posterior margin of sternum 8 forming a large trapezoidal subgenital plate, reaching near posterior margin of sternum 9 and expanding in lateral view seems scalloped, with a small triangular posteromedial notch. Type Material. Holotype male (HIST), CHINA: Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin City, Xing���an County, Maoershan National Natural Reserve, Jiuniutang, E 110��25���1���, N 25��52���16������, 1961-2000 m, 2020.VI.22, Mo R. R., Yang Q.C. et al. Paratypes, 1 male and 1 female (HIST), same data and date as holotype. Etymology. The name refers to a pair of finger-like apical lobes of the aedeagus. Latin ���bi-��� means two, double, and ���lobus��� means lobes. Distribution. China (Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region). Remarks. The new species is similar to the Indian species, S. assam Zwick, 1971 in sharing the similar head pattern, tergum 9, the dorsal shape of the epiproct and general shape of female subgenital plate. However, S. bilobata may be easily separated from S. assam by the following features: pronotum with larger brown medial pattern, dorsal aspect of epiproct nearly straight in lateral view. In S. assam, the pronotum bears a narrow pale brown medial pattern; apical half of the epiproct has a noticeable subapical indentation and seemingly downcurved in lateral view (figs. a & d in Zwick 1971). In addition, the head pattern, tergum 9 and the general shape of epiproct of the new species is also similar to S. longistyla (Wu, 1938) from China. However, in S. longistyla, the medial pattern of pronotum is narrower; the epiproct is slender and stiletto-shaped, gradually tapering to apex with a blunter apical point, and ventroapical half is not enlarged; basal anchor is small and cup-like; the female subgenital plate is smaller and triangular with apex larger rounded medial notch (figs. 14-27 in Li et al. 2014), not as in S. bilobata, the medial pattern of pronotum is wider; epiproct is claviform, mostly parallel-sided except for medial constriction, and only subapically tapering toward tip with sharper apex in dorsal view; ventroapical half is obviously enlarged in lateral view; basal anchor is larger and shield-like. Additionally, usually the females of most Sweltsa species have notched subgenital plates. The female subgenital plate of new species is broader and trapezoidal with a small triangular posteromedial notch, which is helpful separating females of the two species., Published as part of Mo, Raorao, Ye, Jianping, Wang, Guoquan & Li, Weihai, 2020, The first record of the family Chloroperlidae (Plecoptera) from the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of southern China, with description of a new species of Sweltsa Ricker, 1943, pp. 275-282 in Zootaxa 4853 (2) on pages 276-281, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4853.2.8, http://zenodo.org/record/4519852, {"references":["Zwick, P. (1971) Bemerkungen uber die Gattung Sweltsa, mit der Beschreibung einer neuen Art (Plecoptera: Chloroperlidae). Mitteilungen der Deutschen Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 29, 40 - 43. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnd. 4820290404","Wu, C. F. (1938) Plecopterorum sinensium: A monograph of the stoneflies of China (Order Plecoptera). Yenching University, Beijing, 225 pp.","Li, W. H., Yang, J. & Yao, G. (2014) Review of the genus Sweltsa (Plecoptera: Chloroperlidae) in China. Journal of Insect Science, 14 (1), 286. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / jisesa / ieu 148"]}

Amphinemura simifleurdelia sp. n. (Figs. 5���8) Diagnosis. Male: terga IX���X with short spines, epiproct with apically outcurved and downcurved lateral processes and slightly longer, apically upcurved median process, paraproctal median lobe long and apically with a black spine, outer lobe heavily sclerotized and with double apical spines. Female: pregenital plate pale, subgenital plate subquadrate and bicolored with small posteromedial indentation, inner genitalia with a short and stripe-like medial sclerite. Male habitus (Figs. 5 a���5b). Body color brown to dark brown. Head and mouthparts dark brown; antennae brown, and palpi paler; compound eyes black; head wider than pronotum; pronotum brown with paler lateral edges, rectangular with obscure rugosities but older or well sclerotized specimens with distinct dark brown markings; legs brown, femora paler. Wing membranes subhyaline, veins brown. Abdominal segments light brown with darker terminalia. Male (Figs. 5���7). Forewing length 5.3���5.5 mm, hind wing length 4.3���4.5 mm. Tergum IX heavily sclerotized, but lateral area lighter, with subtriangular anterior and posterior indentations, and with two groups of tiny black spines and several long bristles present along mid-posterior margin. (Figs. 6a, 6c, 7a, 7c). Slender vesicle of sternum IX claviform, length 3.0X maximum width, basally and medially constricted. Hypoproct rectangular basally, gradually narrowing toward nipple-like tip (Figs. 6 b���6c, 7b���7c). Tergum X darkly sclerotized, a membranous concavity present below the epiproct, and with two groups of short, black spines on either sides of the epiproct. Cercus slightly sclerotized, short, cylindrical, weakly curved inward, about as long as 2.5X width. Epiproct (Figs. 6a, 6 c���6d, 7a, 7c���7d) subrectangular, trifurcate with a median process and a pair of horn-like lateral processes, the median process slightly longer than lateral processes. Dorsal sclerite with a rectangular membranous basal half; horn-like lateral processes strongly sclerotized, apically outcurved and downcurved with several denticles on both sides of the blunt tip. Ventral sclerite dark and strongly sclerotized, subtriangular in dorsal view, broad at base, tapering toward tip, slightly up-curved apically in lateral view, expanded ventrally into a small ridge with rows of tiny black spines. Paraproct trilobed (Figs. 5 c���5e, 6a���6c, 7a���7c): inner lobe sclerotized, triangular and moderately long; median lobe long and narrow, distinctly sclerotized, strongly curved upward and outward, apically with a black spine in membranous, slightly swollen tip; outer lobe slender and heavily sclerotized, distinctly curved outward apically, and with two short black apical spines. Female (Fig. 8). Forewing length 6.5���6.7 mm, hind wing length 5.5���5.8 mm. Sternum VII produced in a weakly sclerotized semicircular pregenital plate slightly covering anterior half of subgenital plate. Sternum VIII forms sclerotized subquadrate subgenital plate with a triangular anterior notch, posteriorly directed triangular medial area pale and lightly sclerotized, contrasting the mostly dark brown plate. Paragenital plate paired, forming subquadrate brown lobes connected with posterolateral corner of subgenital plate. Sternum IX weakly sclerotized, trapezoidal. Paraprocts short and wide triangular, with blunt tip; cerci short and pale. Inner genitalia (Fig. 8d) membranous, opening under the posteromedial notch of the subgenital plate, having a basal pouch, a pair of leaf-shaped lateromedial sclerites attached above the pouch, and an apical cone; The pouch is armed with a short, longitudinal sclerite well seen by transparency through the subgenital plate; apical cone membranous with an apical circular sclerite ring. Type Material. Holotype: male (HIST), China: Guangdong Province, Maoming City, Xinyi City, Dacheng Town, Yunkaishan National Natural Reserve, the bridge next to the security office at the entrance to the reserve, 966 m, 22��16'34" N, 111��11'43" E, 2018.X.4, light trap, Raorao Mo, Fengping Qin, Wei Liu, Shuai Tang. Paratypes: 5 males, 4 females (HIST), same locality and date as holotype; 3 males, 1 female (HIST), Yunkaishan National Natural Reserve, the river at the gate of the reserve, 987 m, 22��16���34���N, 111��11���43���E, 2018.X.5, Raorao Mo, Fengping Qin, Wei Liu, Shuai Tang; 5 males, 5 females (GXU), 2 males, 2 females (HNHM), same locality, 2018.X.4, Raorao Mo, Fengping Qin, Wei Liu, Shuai Tang. Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the similarity to the closely related A. fleurdelia (Wu, 1949). Distribution and ecology. The new species is known from southern China, the type series was collected from a stream at medium elevations of the isolated mountain systems of the Yunkaishan National Natural Reserve, Guangdong Province. Amphinemura simifleurdelia was collected together with A. retusilobata from the same habitat (Figs. 9 a���c), but not in Neichao, the other known locality of that species, suggesting perhaps a more restricted distribution of A. simifleurdelia. Remarks. The new species belongs to the A. sinensis group and closely resembles A. fleurdelia (Wu, 1949). The two species share the following characteristics: tergum X has a pair of paramedial groups of short spines, inner paraproct lobes triangular and outer lobe of paraproct strongly curved outward apically, with two black, short spines. However, ventral sclerite of epiproct is nearly straight in lateral view with slightly upcurved tip, and median paraproct lobes only slightly swollen with a distinct black apical spine in A. simifleurdelia. In A. fleurdelia, apical ventral sclerite of epiproct distinctly curved downward in lateral view and apical median paraproct lobes global with several tiny spines. At a lesser extent, the new species is also resembles A. elongata Li, Yang & Sivec, 2005b from Zhejiang Province in the tergum X, inner and outer paraproct lobes, and ventral sclerite of epiproct in lateral view, but the new species can be separated from A. elongata by the approximately equal length of median and lateral processes of epiproct and slender median paraproct lobes. In A. elongata, the median process is distinctly longer than lateral processes of epiproct, and median paraproct lobes are medially twisted. Amphinemura fleurdelia, A. elongata and A. simifleurdelia may be a species complex within the A. sinensis species group. Amphinemura fleurdelia is also present in Guangdong, specimens were described and illustrated by Li et al. (2005b: Figs. 6 ���11). Discovery of further populations are needed to evaluate morphological and genetic variability within the complex, but distinction at species level seems reasonable, since several specimens in the known populations explain stable morphological characters. A single male, deposited in the National Museum Prague (Guangdong, Nanling National Nature Reserve, Dadongshan, border of mixed forest, 690 m, 24��56.0��� N, 112��42.9��� E, 2013.IV.18���21, collected at light, J. H��jek, J. Růžička), may represents a further species, distinguished by several spines on the outer lobe of the paraproct and shorter median process of the epiproct. However, this taxon will not be described until additional specimens become available for study., Published as part of Mo, Raorao, Wang, Guoquan, Yang, Ding, Li, Weihai & Mur��nyi, D��vid, 2020, Two new species of the Amphinemura sinensis group (Plecoptera: Nemouridae) from southern China, pp. 337-350 in Zootaxa 4820 (2) on pages 343-346, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4820.2.7, http://zenodo.org/record/4397761, {"references":["Wu, C. F. (1949) Sixth supplement to the stoneflies of China (Order Plecoptera). Peking Natural History Bulletin, 17 (4), 251 - 256, tabs. I-II.","Li, W. H., Yang, D. & Sivec, I. (2005 b) A new species of Amphinemura (Plecoptera: Nemouridae) from China. Entomological News, 116 (2), 93 - 96."]}

Amphinemura retusilobata sp. n. (Figs. 1���4) Diagnosis. Male: tergum IX with short spines, tergum X with long spines, epiproct with apically notched lateral processes that are shorter than median process, paraproctal outer lobe slender, median lobe flat in lateral view and the tip strongly outcurved in dorsal view. Female: pregenital plate large and dark, subgenital plate bicolored and posteriorly bilobed with deep and wide medial indentation, inner genitalia with a pair of stripe-like medial sclerites. Male habitus (Figs. 1 a���1b). Body color brown to dark brown. Head and mouthparts dark brown; antennae brown, and palpi paler; compound eyes black; head wider than pronotum; pronotum brown, rectangular with obscure rugosities, but pronotum of older or well-sclerotized specimens, trapezoidal with distinct dark brown markings; legs brown. Wing membranes subhyaline, veins brown. Abdominal segments light brown with darker terminalia. Male (Figs. 1���3). Forewing length 5.2���5.4 mm, hind wing length 4.3���4.4 mm. Tergum IX sclerotized, rather constricted medially, with triangular anterior and posterior indentations, and with two groups of tiny black spines and several long bristles present along posterior margin (Figs. 2a, 2c, 3a, 3c). Slender vesicle of sternum IX claviform, length 4.2X maximum width, constricted basally and slightly constricted medially. Hypoproct rectangular basally, gradually narrowing toward nipple-like tip (Figs. 2 b���2c, 3b���3c). Tergum X sclerotized, a membranous concavity present below the epiproct, bearing two groups of strong black spines on either sides of the epiproct. Cercus slightly sclerotized, cylindrical and weakly curved inward, as long as 2.5X width. Epiproct (Figs. 2a, 2 c���2d, 3a, 3c���3d,) subrectangular, trifurcate with a slender median process and a pair of lateral processes, the median process much longer than bifid lateral processes. Dorsal sclerite with a broadly oval, membranous basal half; lateral processes strongly sclerotized, straight but apically slightly outcurved and downcurved, apex with several small denticles and an outer semicircular lobe, tip blunt. Ventral sclerite light colored but sclerotized, triangular, tapering toward tip; apical half up-curved but bent downward apically in lateral view; ventrally expanding into a triangular ridge with a row of small black spines. Paraproct trilobed (Figs. 1 c���1d, 2, 3a���3c): inner lobe triangular, moderately long; median lobe long, the apical half strongly sclerotized in a triangular stripe ending in acute spine, apex strongly curved upwards, bear 0���2 black, long spines medially and numerous long spines along its membranous tip, seems rotated in dorsal view; outer lobe slender, sclerotized and slightly curved outward with a black, long spine at tip but the spine may lacking. Female (Fig. 4). Forewing length 6.0��� 6.7 mm, hind wing length 5.1���5.8 mm. Sternum VII produced in a large, darkly sclerotized semicircular pregenital plate, covering anterior portion of subgenital plate. Sternum VIII forms bilobed subgenital plate with a deep medial indentation; the plate is lightly sclerotized medially, while lateral parts and the posterior lobes are dark. Paragenital plate paired, forming banded brownish lobe connected with posterolateral corner of subgenital plate. Sternum IX trapezoidal, full sclerotized. Paraprocts brown, wide triangular with blunt, rounded tip; cerci brownish, short. Inner genitalia (Fig. 4d) mostly membranous, inverted triangular, opening under the forked medial indention of the subgenital plate; a pair of stripe-like medial sclerites present beneath the apical tube that leads into oviductus; medial sclerites linked to medial portion of subgenital plate; apical tube distinctly sclerotized at base. Type Material. Holotype: male (HIST), China: Guangdong Province, Maoming City, Xinyi City, Dacheng Town, Yunkaishan National Natural Reserve, the bridge next to the security office at the entrance to the reserve, 966 m, 22��16'34" N, 111��11'43" E, 2018.X.4, light trap, Raorao Mo, Fengping Qin, Wei Liu, Shuai Tang. Paratypes: 2 males, 2 females (HIST), same locality and date as holotype; 10 males, 2 females (HIST), Yunkaishan National Natural Reserve, the river at the gate of the reserve, 987 m, 22��16���34���N, 111��11���43���E, 2018.X.5, Raorao Mo, Fengping Qin, Wei Liu, Shuai Tang; 4 males (GXU), 2 males (HNHM), 8 females (HIST), same locality, 2018. X.4, Raorao Mo, Fengping Qin, Wei Liu, Shuai Tang; 1 teneral male with weakly developed paraproct, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning City, Wuming County, Liangjiang Town, Neichao, Longmugou River, 220 m, 23��29���40���N, 108��21���37���E, 2015.III.24, Junyi Li, Shan Li, Weihai Li, D��vid Mur��nyi; same section of Long-mugou River, 198 m, 23��29���39���N, 108��21���36���E, 2020.V.18, Raorao Mo, Yan Lai, Yingying Mo; 1 female, lower section of Longmugou River, 194 m, 23��29���33���N, 108��21���29���E, 2020.V.19, Raorao Mo, Yan Lai, Yingying Mo; 1 female, lower section of Longmugou River, 186 m, 23��29���57���N, 108��21���21���E, 2020.V.21, Raorao Mo, Yan Lai, Yingying Mo. Etymology. The name refers to the lateral processes of the male epiproct with an apical notch. Latin ���retusus��� means notch, and ���lobus��� means projection. Distribution and ecology. The new species is known from southern China, the type series was collected from low and medium elevations of two isolated mountain systems of Guangdong and Guangxi Provinces. The two mountain ranges are separated nearly by 300 km. Collected in foothill and medium elevation habitats, A. retusilobata is expected occur more widely in southern China. The type locality in Guangdong is a variable stony stream with dense riparian vegetation (Figs. 9 a���c). In Guangxi, the specimens were collected from the Longmugou River, a small foothill stream (Fig. 9d). Its upper section habitat was described and illustrated in Mo et al. (2019b: Fig. 10d), under the name Neichao River. Remarks. The new species is a distinctive member of the A. sinensis group, only resembling A. viet Stark & Sivec, 2010, a species described from northern Vietnam. The two species share a similar tergum X, inner paraproct lobe, ventral sclerite of epiproct, and dorsal sclerite of epiproct that is armed with an outer apical notch on the lateral processes. However, A. retusilobata can be easily separated from A. viet by the median lobe of paraproct which is flat in lateral view and the tip strongly outcurved in dorsal view, the median process of epiproct is much longer than lateral processes and the bifid lateral processes are having blunt apex (Figs. 1 c���1d, 2���3). In A. viet, the median lobe of paraproct is slightly club-shaped in lateral view, and swollen outside of the tip in dorsal view; median process and lateral processes subequal in length, and the lateral processes with an acute apex (figs. 24���26, Stark & Sivec 2010). In addition, outer paraproctal lobes of A. viet may be obscure, not mentioned or figured in the original description by Stark & Sivec (2010). The outer paraproct lobes of A. retusilobata are slender, distinctly sclerotized, usually with a black apical spine. The female is less distinctive, but can be identified by the combination of presence of large and dark pregenital plate, bicolored and posteriorly widely bilobed subgenital plate, and a pair of stripe���like medial sclerites of the inner genitalia., Published as part of Mo, Raorao, Wang, Guoquan, Yang, Ding, Li, Weihai & Mur��nyi, D��vid, 2020, Two new species of the Amphinemura sinensis group (Plecoptera: Nemouridae) from southern China, pp. 337-350 in Zootaxa 4820 (2) on pages 338-342, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4820.2.7, http://zenodo.org/record/4397761, {"references":["Mo, R. R., Wang, G. Q., Yang, D. & Li, W. H. (2019 b) A new species of Indonemoura (Plecoptera: Nemouridae) from Guangdong Province of southern China. Zootaxa, 4658 (3), 585 - 590. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4658.3.9","Stark, B. P. & Sivec, I. (2010) Eight new species of Amphinemura (Plecoptera: Nemouridae) from Vietnam. Illiesia, 6 (5), 41 - 51."]}

Amphinemura retusilobata sp. n. (Figs. 1–4) Diagnosis. Male: tergum IX with short spines, tergum X with long spines, epiproct with apically notched lateral processes that are shorter than median process, paraproctal outer lobe slender, median lobe flat in lateral view and the tip strongly outcurved in dorsal view. Female: pregenital plate large and dark, subgenital plate bicolored and posteriorly bilobed with deep and wide medial indentation, inner genitalia with a pair of stripe-like medial sclerites. Male habitus (Figs. 1 a–1b). Body color brown to dark brown. Head and mouthparts dark brown; antennae brown, and palpi paler; compound eyes black; head wider than pronotum; pronotum brown, rectangular with obscure rugosities, but pronotum of older or well-sclerotized specimens, trapezoidal with distinct dark brown markings; legs brown. Wing membranes subhyaline, veins brown. Abdominal segments light brown with darker terminalia. Male (Figs. 1–3). Forewing length 5.2–5.4 mm, hind wing length 4.3–4.4 mm. Tergum IX sclerotized, rather constricted medially, with triangular anterior and posterior indentations, and with two groups of tiny black spines and several long bristles present along posterior margin (Figs. 2a, 2c, 3a, 3c). Slender vesicle of sternum IX claviform, length 4.2X maximum width, constricted basally and slightly constricted medially. Hypoproct rectangular basally, gradually narrowing toward nipple-like tip (Figs. 2 b–2c, 3b–3c). Tergum X sclerotized, a membranous concavity present below the epiproct, bearing two groups of strong black spines on either sides of the epiproct. Cercus slightly sclerotized, cylindrical and weakly curved inward, as long as 2.5X width. Epiproct (Figs. 2a, 2 c–2d, 3a, 3c–3d,) subrectangular, trifurcate with a slender median process and a pair of lateral processes, the median process much longer than bifid lateral processes. Dorsal sclerite with a broadly oval, membranous basal half; lateral processes strongly sclerotized, straight but apically slightly outcurved and downcurved, apex with several small denticles and an outer semicircular lobe, tip blunt. Ventral sclerite light colored but sclerotized, triangular, tapering toward tip; apical half up-curved but bent downward apically in lateral view; ventrally expanding into a triangular ridge with a row of small black spines. Paraproct trilobed (Figs. 1 c–1d, 2, 3a–3c): inner lobe triangular, moderately long; median lobe long, the apical half strongly sclerotized in a triangular stripe ending in acute spine, apex strongly curved upwards, bear 0–2 black, long spines medially and numerous long spines along its membranous tip, seems rotated in dorsal view; outer lobe slender, sclerotized and slightly curved outward with a black, long spine at tip but the spine may lacking. Female (Fig. 4). Forewing length 6.0– 6.7 mm, hind wing length 5.1–5.8 mm. Sternum VII produced in a large, darkly sclerotized semicircular pregenital plate, covering anterior portion of subgenital plate. Sternum VIII forms bilobed subgenital plate with a deep medial indentation; the plate is lightly sclerotized medially, while lateral parts and the posterior lobes are dark. Paragenital plate paired, forming banded brownish lobe connected with posterolateral corner of subgenital plate. Sternum IX trapezoidal, full sclerotized. Paraprocts brown, wide triangular with blunt, rounded tip; cerci brownish, short. Inner genitalia (Fig. 4d) mostly membranous, inverted triangular, opening under the forked medial indention of the subgenital plate; a pair of stripe-like medial sclerites present beneath the apical tube that leads into oviductus; medial sclerites linked to medial portion of subgenital plate; apical tube distinctly sclerotized at base. Type Material. Holotype: male (HIST), China: Guangdong Province, Maoming City, Xinyi City, Dacheng Town, Yunkaishan National Natural Reserve, the bridge next to the security office at the entrance to the reserve, 966 m, 22º16'34" N, 111º11'43" E, 2018.X.4, light trap, Raorao Mo, Fengping Qin, Wei Liu, Shuai Tang. Paratypes: 2 males, 2 females (HIST), same locality and date as holotype; 10 males, 2 females (HIST), Yunkaishan National Natural Reserve, the river at the gate of the reserve, 987 m, 22º16’34”N, 111º11’43”E, 2018.X.5, Raorao Mo, Fengping Qin, Wei Liu, Shuai Tang; 4 males (GXU), 2 males (HNHM), 8 females (HIST), same locality, 2018. X.4, Raorao Mo, Fengping Qin, Wei Liu, Shuai Tang; 1 teneral male with weakly developed paraproct, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning City, Wuming County, Liangjiang Town, Neichao, Longmugou River, 220 m, 23°29′40”N, 108°21′37”E, 2015.III.24, Junyi Li, Shan Li, Weihai Li, Dávid Murányi; same section of Long-mugou River, 198 m, 23°29′39”N, 108°21′36”E, 2020.V.18, Raorao Mo, Yan Lai, Yingying Mo; 1 female, lower section of Longmugou River, 194 m, 23°29′33”N, 108°21′29”E, 2020.V.19, Raorao Mo, Yan Lai, Yingying Mo; 1 female, lower section of Longmugou River, 186 m, 23°29′57”N, 108°21′21”E, 2020.V.21, Raorao Mo, Yan Lai, Yingying Mo. Etymology. The name refers to the lateral processes of the male epiproct with an apical notch. Latin “retusus” means notch, and “lobus” means projection. Distribution and ecology. The new species is known from southern China, the type series was collected from low and medium elevations of two isolated mountain systems of Guangdong and Guangxi Provinces. The two mountain ranges are separated nearly by 300 km. Collected in foothill and medium elevation habitats, A. retusilobata is expected occur more widely in southern China. The type locality in Guangdong is a variable stony stream with dense riparian vegetation (Figs. 9 a–c). In Guangxi, the specimens were collected from the Longmugou River, a small foothill stream (Fig. 9d). Its upper section habitat was described and illustrated in Mo et al. (2019b: Fig. 10d), under the name Neichao River. Remarks. The new species is a distinctive member of the A. sinensis group, only resembling A. viet Stark & Sivec, 2010, a species described from northern Vietnam. The two species share a similar tergum X, inner paraproct lobe, ventral sclerite of epiproct, and dorsal sclerite of epiproct that is armed with an outer apical notch on the lateral processes. However, A. retusilobata can be easily separated from A. viet by the median lobe of paraproct which is flat in lateral view and the tip strongly outcurved in dorsal view, the median process of epiproct is much longer than lateral processes and the bifid lateral processes are having blunt apex (Figs. 1 c–1d, 2–3). In A. viet, the median lobe of paraproct is slightly club-shaped in lateral view, and swollen outside of the tip in dorsal view; median process and lateral processes subequal in length, and the lateral processes with an acute apex (figs. 24–26, Stark & Sivec 2010). In addition, outer paraproctal lobes of A. viet may be obscure, not mentioned or figured in the original description by Stark & Sivec (2010). The outer paraproct lobes of A. retusilobata are slender, distinctly sclerotized, usually with a black apical spine. The female is less distinctive, but can be identified by the combination of presence of large and dark pregenital plate, bicolored and posteriorly widely bilobed subgenital plate, and a pair of stripe–like medial sclerites of the inner genitalia.

Indonemoura maoershana sp. nov. (Figs. 1–3) Adult habitus (Figs. 1 a–1b). General color dark brown. Head and mouthparts dark brown; antennae brown, scape and pedicel darker; palpi pale brown; compound eyes black. Thorax including pronotum dark brown. Pronotum rectangular with darker cuticular rugosities; anterior margin pale. Legs mostly brown, femora of midlegs and hindlegs with a wide yellow band at apical half; wings brownish, subhyaline with darker veins. Abdominal segments mostly brownish but terminalia darker with hairs light brown. Male (Figs. 1–3). Forewing length ca. 8.0 mm, hindwing length ca. 7.0 mm. Tergum 9 (Figs. 1a, 3a) distinctly sclerotized, gradually constricted medially forming a weakly sclerotized mid-posterior subtrapezoidal area, bearing scattered, tiny black spines at mid-posterior portion. Sternum 9 (Figs. 2a, 3b) with claviform vesicle, constricted basally; hypoproct basally wide, then gradually tapering towards tip. Tergum 10 (Figs. 1a, 3a) mostly sclerotized, with narrow longitudinal concavity beneath epiproct bearing pairs of groups of black tiny spines located at anterolateral margin. Cercus slightly sclerotized, nearly cylindrical with distinct hairs. Epiproct (Figs. 1c, 2 b–2e, 3a, 3c–3d) basal half nearly parallel-sided, and then slightly enlarged in dorsal view, with distinct apical incision; ventral sclerite strongly sclerotized, broad at base and becoming narrower toward apex, expanded ventrally into a very large semicircular ridge with rows of black spines. Paraproct trilobed (Figs. 1c, 2 a–2c, 3a–3b, 3d– 3g): inner lobe sclerotized and slender, adhering to median lobe; median lobe sclerotized, hook-like, basally broad and then tapering toward weakly sclerotized apex, but somewhat swollen on outer margin in apical half; outer lobe darkly sclerotized, longer than median lobe with two apical branches, U-shaped in dorsal view: the inner subapical circular sclerite flat in lateral view, but it seems like a prong in ventral and dorsal view; the slender outer prong with a short basal spine, about half of the prong length located in outer margin. Female. Unknown. Type material. Holotype: 1 male (HIST), China: Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin City, Xing’an County, Tongrencun, Maoershan National Natural Reserve, Jiulongtang, 2004.IV.30, Ding Yang. Etymology. The name of the species refers to the type locality, Mt. Maoershan. Distribution. China (Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region). Remarks. The new species is similar to the Vietnamese species, I. clavata Sivec & Stark, 2010 in having slender inner paraproctal lobe attaching to the median paraproctal lobe, and hooked median paraproctal lobe which slightly swollen on outer margin in apical half. The male of the new species can be easily separated from I. clavata by the tip of outer paraproctal lobe which has a slender outer prong with a short basal spine and a flat inner subapical circular sclerite. In I. clavata, the outer lobe of paraproct only has a pair of short, nearly equally sized apical spines (Sivec & Stark 2010). Furthermore, I. maoershana shares a similar U-shape tip of outer paraproctal lobe in dorsal view with I. fujianensis from Fujian Province of the southeastern coast of China. However, the new species may be easily separated from the latter by its hooked median lobe of paraproct and slender inner paraproctal lobe. In I. fujianensis, median lobe of paraproct broad and subtriangular with a blunt tip and inner lobe of paraproct is triangular. In addition, outer paraproctal lobes of two species are quite different (Li & Yang 2005). In I. maoershana, the outer lobe of paraproct bears a inner subapical circular sclerite and a slender outer prong with a shorter basal spine on outer margin, while outer paraproctal lobe of I. fujianensis has two slender apical spines, but the outer spine of the left outer lobe is forked (Li & Yang 2005). Terminalia of males of the I. fujianensis complex and with the genus as a whole, are similar morphologically. The terminalia of females, however, are usually extremely diagnostic. Unfortunately, only a single male of this species was available, and future studies hopefully will produce associated females to test the specific validity of this new taxon.

Indonemoura maoershana sp. nov. (Figs. 1���3) Adult habitus (Figs. 1 a���1b). General color dark brown. Head and mouthparts dark brown; antennae brown, scape and pedicel darker; palpi pale brown; compound eyes black. Thorax including pronotum dark brown. Pronotum rectangular with darker cuticular rugosities; anterior margin pale. Legs mostly brown, femora of midlegs and hindlegs with a wide yellow band at apical half; wings brownish, subhyaline with darker veins. Abdominal segments mostly brownish but terminalia darker with hairs light brown. Male (Figs. 1���3). Forewing length ca. 8.0 mm, hindwing length ca. 7.0 mm. Tergum 9 (Figs. 1a, 3a) distinctly sclerotized, gradually constricted medially forming a weakly sclerotized mid-posterior subtrapezoidal area, bearing scattered, tiny black spines at mid-posterior portion. Sternum 9 (Figs. 2a, 3b) with claviform vesicle, constricted basally; hypoproct basally wide, then gradually tapering towards tip. Tergum 10 (Figs. 1a, 3a) mostly sclerotized, with narrow longitudinal concavity beneath epiproct bearing pairs of groups of black tiny spines located at anterolateral margin. Cercus slightly sclerotized, nearly cylindrical with distinct hairs. Epiproct (Figs. 1c, 2 b���2e, 3a, 3c���3d) basal half nearly parallel-sided, and then slightly enlarged in dorsal view, with distinct apical incision; ventral sclerite strongly sclerotized, broad at base and becoming narrower toward apex, expanded ventrally into a very large semicircular ridge with rows of black spines. Paraproct trilobed (Figs. 1c, 2 a���2c, 3a���3b, 3d��� 3g): inner lobe sclerotized and slender, adhering to median lobe; median lobe sclerotized, hook-like, basally broad and then tapering toward weakly sclerotized apex, but somewhat swollen on outer margin in apical half; outer lobe darkly sclerotized, longer than median lobe with two apical branches, U-shaped in dorsal view: the inner subapical circular sclerite flat in lateral view, but it seems like a prong in ventral and dorsal view; the slender outer prong with a short basal spine, about half of the prong length located in outer margin. Female. Unknown. Type material. Holotype: 1 male (HIST), China: Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin City, Xing���an County, Tongrencun, Maoershan National Natural Reserve, Jiulongtang, 2004.IV.30, Ding Yang. Etymology. The name of the species refers to the type locality, Mt. Maoershan. Distribution. China (Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region). Remarks. The new species is similar to the Vietnamese species, I. clavata Sivec & Stark, 2010 in having slender inner paraproctal lobe attaching to the median paraproctal lobe, and hooked median paraproctal lobe which slightly swollen on outer margin in apical half. The male of the new species can be easily separated from I. clavata by the tip of outer paraproctal lobe which has a slender outer prong with a short basal spine and a flat inner subapical circular sclerite. In I. clavata, the outer lobe of paraproct only has a pair of short, nearly equally sized apical spines (Sivec & Stark 2010). Furthermore, I. maoershana shares a similar U-shape tip of outer paraproctal lobe in dorsal view with I. fujianensis from Fujian Province of the southeastern coast of China. However, the new species may be easily separated from the latter by its hooked median lobe of paraproct and slender inner paraproctal lobe. In I. fujianensis, median lobe of paraproct broad and subtriangular with a blunt tip and inner lobe of paraproct is triangular. In addition, outer paraproctal lobes of two species are quite different (Li & Yang 2005). In I. maoershana, the outer lobe of paraproct bears a inner subapical circular sclerite and a slender outer prong with a shorter basal spine on outer margin, while outer paraproctal lobe of I. fujianensis has two slender apical spines, but the outer spine of the left outer lobe is forked (Li & Yang 2005). Terminalia of males of the I. fujianensis complex and with the genus as a whole, are similar morphologically. The terminalia of females, however, are usually extremely diagnostic. Unfortunately, only a single male of this species was available, and future studies hopefully will produce associated females to test the specific validity of this new taxon., Published as part of Mo, Raorao, Wang, Guoquan, Yang, Ding & Li, Weihai, 2020, A new species of the Indonemoura fujianensis complex (Plecoptera: Nemouridae) from the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of southern China, pp. 395-400 in Zootaxa 4801 (2) on page 396, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4801.2.14, http://zenodo.org/record/3900416, {"references":["Sivec, I. & Stark, B. P. (2010) Eleven new species of the genus Indonemoura Baumann (Plecoptera: Nemouridae) from Thailand and Vietnam. Illiesia, 6 (14), 210 - 226.","Li, W. H. & Yang, D. (2005) Two new species of Indonemoura (Plecoptera: Nemouridae) from Fujian, China. Zootaxa, 1001 (1), 59 - 63. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1001.1.4"]}

Neoperla diehli Sivec, 1985 (Fig. 4) Neoperla diehli Zwick & Sivec, 1985: 132. Type locality: Indonesia. Material examined. 1 male (HIST), China: Hainan Province, Qiongzhong County, Limu Mountain, 110 m, 19°29'N, 109°80'E, 2013.IV.3, Y.Y. Wang & Y.L. Jiang. 1 male (HIST), Yunnan, Tongbiguan Village, Env., 1340 m, 24°36.7'N, 97°39.4'E, 2016.VI.24–26, at light in village near river, J. Hájek & J. Růžička. Distribution. Indonesia; China (Hainan, Yunnan provinces). Remarks. Neoperla diehli was originally described from Sumatra of western Indonesia by Zwick & Sivec (1985). Two males from China examined in this study agree well with original illustrations of the head pattern, the dorsal terminalia, and aedeagus. The color images (Fig. 4) are provided to aid in identification of the species recognized from the island province of Hainan, China's southernmost region and Yunnan Province of southwestern China, bordering on the south, Vietnam, Laos, and Myanmar. Our records represent a substantial range extension for this species., Published as part of Mo, Raorao, Wang, Guoquan & Li, Weihai, 2020, A new species and two new records of the Neoperla diehli subgroup of the N montivaga group (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from China, pp. 515-524 in Zootaxa 4790 (3) on page 516, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4790.3.6, http://zenodo.org/record/3891289, {"references":["Zwick, P. & Sivec, I. (1985) Supplements to the Perlidae (Plecoptera) of Sumatra. Spixiana, 8, 123 - 133."]}

Neoperla curvilobata sp. nov. (Figs. 1–3) Adult habitus (Figs. 1 a–1b). Body color dark brown. Head dark brown; M-line paler; lateral margins and anterior portion of frons brown; tentorial callosities distinct, yellow and oval; palpi and antennae dark brown; the distance between ocelli ca. 1.5X as wide as the diameter of the ocellus; head wider than pronotum. Pronotum trapezoidal, brown, with scattered, darker rugosities; anterior corners sharp while posterior corners rounded. Wings brown and transparent, veins dark brown; legs dark brown except yellow brown basal femora; cerci brown, apex darker. Male ( Figs. 1–3). Forewing length ca. 13.8 mm. Hindwing length ca. 12.0 mm. The posteromedial area of tergum 6 with several sparse sensilla basiconica. Posterior process of tergum 7 trapezoidal, covered with many sensilla basiconica. Tergum 8 with tongue-shaped upcurved process, with many sensilla basiconica at distal margin. Tergum 9 with two paramedial patches of long hairs, without sensilla patches. Hemitergal processes of tergum 10 sclerotized and finger-like, upcurved medially (Figs. 1c, 2 a–2c). Aedeagal tube plump, with sclerotized dorsal surface and a short hook-like Y-lobe forked near midlength; arm of Y-lobe without apical spines, about as long as stalk (Figs. 2 d–2e, 3a–3d). Aedeagal sac about as long as tube, strongly curved ventrad forming an open loop with a blunt tip, and mostly covered with spines except for ventral surface mostly lacking spines (Figs. 3a, 3 e–3f). Female. Unknown. Type Material. Holotype: male (HIST), China: Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning City, Wuming County, Liangjiang Town, Neichao, Neichao River above Neichao Ming Hotel, 220 m, 23°29.664'N, 108°21.622'E, 2018.V.5, light trap, G.Q. Wang. Etymology. The name refers to the strongly bent ventral lobes of aedeagus. Latin "curvus" means bent, and "lobus" means lobe. Distribution. China (Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region). Remarks. The single specimen, the holotype of the new species, is most similar to N. delphina Li, Mo & Wang, 2020 and N. wui Yang & Yang, 1990, in having similar terminalia and the hook-like Y-lobe of aedeagus. The new species may be separated from the two above species by aedeagal sac almost fully covered with distinctly, larger brown spines. In N. delphina, aedeagal sac only has indistinct, fine spinules in the apical half. In N. wui, the aedeagal sac is partially covered by stout spines. In addition, head patterns, apparently differ (figs. 1a, 2a in Li et al. 2020; Fig. 6a, fig. 1 in Yang & Yang, 1990; figs. 4a in Wang et al. 2013b and Figs. 1 a–1b). The type locality is near the vicinity of the capital city of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. This partially mountainous region borders Vietnam and the Gulf of Tonkin. This region is rich in Plecoptera diversity., Published as part of Mo, Raorao, Wang, Guoquan & Li, Weihai, 2020, A new species and two new records of the Neoperla diehli subgroup of the N montivaga group (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from China, pp. 515-524 in Zootaxa 4790 (3) on page 516, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4790.3.6, http://zenodo.org/record/3891289, {"references":["Li, W. H., Mo, R. R. & Wang, G. Q. (2020) Two new species of Neoperla montivaga group (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of southern China. Zootaxa, 4718 (4), 573 - 583. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4718.4.10","Yang, C. K. & Yang, D. (1990) New and little-known species of Plecoptera from Guizhou Province (I). Guizhou Science, 8 (4), 1 - 4.","Wang, H. L., Wang, G. Q. & Li, W. H. (2013 b) Two new species in the subfamily Perlinae (Plecoptera, Perlidae) from China. ZooKeys, 313, 81 - 90. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 313.5460"]}