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A high-fidelity short-pulse monopulse antenna based on an extended Goubau line (EGL) is proposed, along with a novel time-domain analyzing and designing method. The monopulse antenna contains a simple feeding network and an EGL radiating structure, where the width of the single conductor is enlarged and a metal wall is constructed along the central line of the conductor. The antenna is actually a two-element array to form sum and difference patterns. Performances of the feeding structure and the EGL are almost independent of operating frequency, ensuring the antenna to transmit and receive short-pulse signals with high waveform fidelity. Angular information is obtained by analyzing the received pulses with the normalized Euclid distance (NED). The NED patterns are plotted to illustrate the angular information provided by the short-pulse monopulse operation. A null depth of 30 dB is obtained by the difference NED pattern for the short pulses with a spectrum from 4.2 to 11.8 GHz. The measured performance shows that the proposed short-pulse monopulse antenna has a promising prospect in directional detecting and tracking applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Signal space method for time-domain characterization of short-pulse networks and antennas is presented and described. The short-duration pulses, which are usually recognized as energy signals, belong to the signal space L^2 (\Re) . By means of the signal space analysis, the Euclid distance on L^2 (\Re) is related to fidelity and amplitude ratio, and thus can be used for comprehensively characterizing short-duration pulse waveform distortion and amplitude variation, resulting in an overall description of networks and antennas. Three numerical examples, microstrip transmission line, microstrip pulse power divider, and antipodal Vivaldi antenna, are given to demonstrate the usage and significance of this method for characterization of networks and antennas. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]