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In light of the increasing antibiotic resistance, it is crucial to discover new antimicrobial medications. Pyridazines are frequently investigated in research for the development of new chemical entities with enhanced therapeutic properties. Their structure allows for significant flexibility in the attachment of various functional groups, which is essential for drug discovery.Our work focuses on synthesizing new pyridazine derivatives (7a, 7b, 7c and 7d) through coupling reactions with various amino esters. The structures of these compounds have been analyzed using spectroscopic measurements including 1H, 13C NMR, IR, and mass spectroscopy. The compounds showed positive effects against two bacterial strains: Escherichia coli: ATCC25922 and Staphylococcus aureus: CIP543154. Molecular docking results of the protein 7AZ5 indicated significant affinities with these molecules through hydrogen bonds. Compounds 7a and 7d demonstrated the highest binding energies and the best antimicrobial activity, suggesting their potential as a model for creating novel and potent antimicrobial compounds.

The development of novel antimicrobial drugs is crucial due to the increasing problem of antibiotic resistance. A new series of 1,4-disubstituted-1,2,3-triazole derivatives containing a cytosine moiety (3a, 3b, 3c and 3d) were synthesized using 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition in a mixture of ethanol and water under Cu(I)-catalyzed with N-alkyl: 1-(prop-2-ynyl)-4-amino-2-oxopyrimidine 2 as dipolarophiles and azide derivatives (sucre-azoture) as dipoles. The desired products were obtained in good yields by reacting with a catalytic amount of copper (II) sulfate and sodium ascorbate. The structure of these compounds was analyzed and characterized using spectroscopic measurements such as 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and mass spectroscopy. Encouragingly, all cycloaddition molecules exhibited promising activity against various bacterial strains including Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The crystal structure modeling of protein 7AZ5 demonstrated strong binding affinities through hydrogen bonds with these molecules. The cycloaddition compounds displayed the highest binding energies in terms of antimicrobial efficacy. This suggests that these substances could serve as an effective model for the development and production of new and potent antimicrobial agents.

Thanks to their promising properties, essential oils (EOs) have strong potential to remedy several problems such as microorganisms acquired resistance to antimicrobial agents and chemical antioxidants toxicity. Firstly, this work was conducted to determine chemical composition, antioxydant activity, then antibacterial, antifungal, antimycobacterial properties of Rosmarinus officinalis EO. Secondly, EOs combined antimicrobial effect with carvacrol was assessed. Chemical EO analysis was performed using Gas chromatography/mass spectrometer. 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl test was used to evaluate in vitro antioxidant rosemary oil effect. The antimicrobial activity against seven bacteria, two fungi, and two mycobacterial strains was screened using the broth microdilution method. Thereafter, the checkerboard essay was used to evaluate the antibacterial effect of this EO and Carvacrol. Chemical EO analysis revealed 1,8-cineole (33.88%), camphor (14.66%), and α-pinene (12.76%) as main constituents. The obtained IC50 value (2.77 mg/mL) showed rosemary EO's radical scavenging power. Moreover, all tested microorganisms showed an important sensitivity to this EO (MIC values: 0.007%–1% (v/v)). Furthermore, results highlighted synergistic and partial synergistic interaction for tested products. The studied EO has both antimicrobial and antioxidant potentials. Combined application showed a remarkable synergistic antibacterial potentiation that can be used as an alternative in pharmaceutical and food processing sectors.

To replace and avoid synthetic chemicals toxicity, there is a growing interest in the investigation of natural products from plant origin for the discovery of active compounds with antimicrobial properties. This work was devoted to determine chemical composition and antimicrobial properties of the EO of M. piperita harvested in the garden of the National Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants of Morocco. Experiments have been conducted at the Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory at the Sciences and Technology Faculty, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco. M. piperita oil was screened for its antimicrobial activity against seven bacteria and two fungi using broth microdilution method. Chemical EO analysis was performed using CPG/MS. The EO revealed menthol (46.32%), menthofuran (13.18%), menthyl acetate (12.10%), menthone (7.42%), and 1,8-cineole (6.06%) as the main constituents. The tested EO exhibited strong inhibitory effect against all tested microorganisms with minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging from 0.062% to 0.5% (v/v), except for Pseudomonas aeruginosa that was the least sensitive and was only inhibited by concentrations as high as 0.5% (v/v). The studied EO showed an antimicrobial potential. This reinforces its use as an alternative to chemical additives that can be applied to the food and drug industry.

The aim of the present study was to identify chemical composition and evaluate antimicrobial effectiveness of the essential oil of Cistus ladanifer var. maculatus Dun. The essential oil of C. ladanifer's leaves was obtained by hydro-distillation and analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS). 28 compounds were identified, representing 88.67% of the total constituents. The main compound was identified as Verticiol (18.16%), followed by Camphene (17.70%), γ-Gurjunene (7.15%), n- Butylcyclohexane (5.95%) and Bornyl acetate (5.86%). The oil was found to be rich in Monoterpene Hydrocarbons (32.05%), followed by Diterpenic alcohol (18.16%), Oxygenated hydrocarbons (13.27%), Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (12.40%), Monoterpenic ester (5.86%), Cyclic ether (4.36%) and Oxygenated sesquiterpenes (2.57%). Antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of C. ladanifer was tested against two Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis) and two Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria, and three fungi (Candida albicans, Trichophyton rubrum and Aspergillus niger), by the microdilution method. In fact, strong inhibitory and bactericidal effect has been shown against all tested Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Indeed, strongest inhibitory and fungicide effect was exerted against the yeasts and molds studied. It seems following this study that the essential oil of C. Ladanifer has very significant antimicrobial activity, it shows a broad spectrum covering Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria, yeasts and fungi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]