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Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Compound Kushen injection (CKI) is a representative medication of Chinese herbal injection and is often used in the adjuvant treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), but its antitumor mechanism is poorly understood., Aim of the Study: To preliminarily elucidate the effects and possible mechanisms of CKI on NPC., Methods: In this work, we explored the possible molecular mechanisms of CKI against NPC by using network pharmacology and molecular docking. In addition, proteomics was used to explore the localization and quantitative information of protein in NPC C666-1 cells after the intervention of CKI, and enrichment analysis was used to obtain the potential targets and pathways. Finally, the effect and the core targets of CKI in the intervention of NPC were explored in vitro experiments., Results: Network pharmacology analysis identified three active components of CKI and 13 key targets. Molecular docking analysis showed that TNF, PTEN, CCND1, MAPK3, IL6, HIF1A, MYC had high affinity with corresponding components. Then the key pathway, cell cycle and the core targets MYC, CCND1, and P15 related to the key pathway were obtained. The results of in vitro experiments showed that CKI could inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion of NPC 5-8F cells and C666-1 cells, induce apoptosis of C666-1 cells, and arrest cell cycle G0/G1 phase. In addition, RT-qPCR and western blot showed that the expression of P15 was up-regulated and E2F4, E2F5, c-Myc, CCND1, and P107 was down-regulated in 5-8F cells and C666-1 cells intervened by CKI., Conclusion: The key pathway, cell cycle and the corresponding core targets MYC, CCND1, and P15 were obtained from network pharmacology, molecular docking, and proteomics. CKI could inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion of NPC cells, induce apoptosis of C666-1 cells. Especially CKI may arrest cell cycle G0/G1 phase through regulating targets MYC/P15/CCND1 of cell cycle pathway., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Background: Gastric carcinoma (GC) treatment needs to be developed rapidly. Compound Kushen Injection (CKI), a formula from traditional Chinese medicine, has been used clinically in combination with chemotherapy to treat GC with satisfactory results. However, the molecular mechanism by which CKI acts to cure GC is still unclear., Methods: In the present study, in vivo and in vitro experiments were used to assess the efficacy of CKI. Using ceRNA microarray and TMT technologies, the molecular mechanism of CKI was further investigated at the transcriptional and protein levels, and a bioinformatics approach was employed to investigate and functionally validate key CKI targets in GC., Results: When combined with cisplatin (DDP), CKI significantly increased its efficacy in preventing the proliferation and metastasis of GC cells and malignant-looking tumors in mice. High-throughput sequencing data and bioinformatics analysis showed that CKI regulated the TNF signaling pathway, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), with VCAM1 as a key target. The transcription factors CEBPB, JUN, RELA, NFKB1, the EMT mesenchymal-like cell markers N-cadherin and vimentin, as well as the expression of VCAM1 and its upstream signaling driver TNF, were all downregulated by CKI. In contrast, the expression of the EMT epithelial-like cell marker E-cadherin was upregulated., Conclusion: CKI can effectively inhibit GC growth and metastasis, improve body's immunity, and protect normal tissues from damage. The molecular mechanism by which CKI inhibits metastasis of GC is by regulating VCAM1 induced by the TNF signaling pathway to inhibit EMT of GC. Our results provide an important clue to clarify precisely the multi-scale molecular mechanism of CKI in the treatment of GC., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. Figures were created with BioRender (https://app.biorender.com/)., (Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier GmbH.. All rights reserved.)

Background: Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal cancers worldwide. Aidi injection (ADI) is a representative antitumor medication based on Chinese herbal injection, but its antitumor mechanisms are still poorly understood. Materials and methods: In this work, the subcutaneous xenograft model of human pancreatic cancer cell line Panc-1 was established in nude mice to investigate the anticancer effect of ADI in vivo. We then determined the components of ADI using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) and explored the possible molecular mechanisms against pancreatic cancer using network pharmacology. Results: In vivo experiments, the volume, weight, and degree of histological abnormalities of implanted tumors were significantly lower in the medium and high concentration ADI injection groups than in the control group. Network pharmacology analysis identified four active components of ADI and seven key targets, TNF, VEGFA, HSP90AA1, MAPK14, CASP3, P53 and JUN. Molecular docking also revealed high affinity between the active components and the target proteins, including Astragaloside IV to P53 and VEGFA, Ginsenoside Rb1 to CASP3 and Formononetin to JUN. Conclusion: ADI could reduce the growth rate of tumor tissue and alleviate the structural abnormalities in tumor tissue. ADI is predicted to act on VEGFA, P53, CASP3, and JUN in ADI-mediated treatment of pancreatic cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]