1. Selective Nuclear Export Inhibitor KPT-330 Enhances the Antitumor Activity of Gemcitabine in Human Pancreatic Cancer.
- Author
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Kazim S, Malafa MP, Coppola D, Husain K, Zibadi S, Kashyap T, Crochiere M, Landesman Y, Rashal T, Sullivan DM, and Mahipal A
- Subjects
- Active Transport, Cell Nucleus drug effects, Animals, Apoptosis drug effects, Blotting, Western, Cell Adhesion drug effects, Cell Line, Tumor, Cell Proliferation drug effects, Cell Survival drug effects, Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27 metabolism, Deoxycytidine administration & dosage, Deoxycytidine analogs & derivatives, Deoxycytidine pharmacology, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Drug Synergism, Female, Humans, Hydrazines administration & dosage, Hydrazines pharmacology, Mice, Nude, Microscopy, Confocal, Pancreatic Neoplasms metabolism, Pancreatic Neoplasms pathology, Triazoles administration & dosage, Triazoles pharmacology, Tumor Burden drug effects, Gemcitabine, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols pharmacology, Pancreatic Neoplasms drug therapy, Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
- Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive and deadly malignancy responsible for the death of over 37,000 Americans each year. Gemcitabine-based therapy is the standard treatment for pancreatic cancer but has limited efficacy due to chemoresistance. In this study, we evaluated the in vitro and in vivo effects of gemcitabine combined with the selective nuclear export (CRM1) inhibitor KPT-330 on pancreatic cancer growth. Human pancreatic cancer MiaPaCa-2 and metastatic pancreatic cancer L3.6pl cell lines were treated with different concentrations of KPT-330 and gemcitabine alone or in combination, and anchorage-dependent/independent growth was recorded. In addition, L3.6pl cells with luciferase were injected orthotopically into the pancreas of athymic nude mice, which were treated with (i) vehicle (PBS 1 mL/kg i.p., 2/week and povidone/pluronic F68 1 mL/kg p.o., 3/week), (ii) KPT-330 (20 mg/kg p.o., 3/week), (iii) gemcitabine (100 mg/kg i.p., 2/week), or (iv) KPT-330 (10 mg/kg) + gemcitabine (50 mg/kg) for 4 weeks. KPT-330 and gemcitabine alone dose-dependently inhibited anchorage-dependent growth in vitro and tumor volume in vivo compared with vehicle treatment. However, the combination inhibited growth synergistically. In combination, KPT-330 and gemcitabine acted synergistically to enhance pancreatic cancer cell death greater than each single-agent therapy. Mechanistically, KPT-330 and gemcitabine promoted apoptosis, induced p27, depleted survivin, and inhibited accumulation of DNA repair proteins. Together, our data suggest that KPT-330 potentiates the antitumor activity of gemcitabine in human pancreatic cancer through inhibition of tumor growth, depletion of the antiapoptotic proteins, and induction of apoptosis., (©2015 American Association for Cancer Research.) more...
- Published
- 2015
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