1. The Native Fruit Geoffroea decorticans from Arid Northern Chile: Phenolic Composition, Antioxidant Activities and In Vitro Inhibition of Pro-Inflammatory and Metabolic Syndrome-Associated Enzymes.
- Author
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Jiménez-Aspee F, Theoduloz C, Soriano MDPC, Ugalde-Arbizu M, Alberto MR, Zampini IC, Isla MI, Simirigiotis MJ, and Schmeda-Hirschmann G
- Subjects
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents isolation & purification, Anti-Inflammatory Agents pharmacology, Antioxidants isolation & purification, Antioxidants pharmacology, Biflavonoids chemistry, Catechin chemistry, Cell Survival drug effects, Chile, Fibroblasts cytology, Fibroblasts drug effects, Flavonols chemistry, Fruit chemistry, Humans, Lipoxygenase metabolism, Metabolic Syndrome enzymology, Phenols isolation & purification, Phenols pharmacology, Phospholipases antagonists & inhibitors, Plant Extracts chemistry, Plant Extracts isolation & purification, Plant Extracts pharmacology, Proanthocyanidins chemistry, alpha-Glucosidases metabolism, Anti-Inflammatory Agents chemistry, Antioxidants chemistry, Fabaceae chemistry, Phenols chemistry
- Abstract
The native tree Geoffroea decorticans (chañar) grows in the arid lands of northern Chile. It has been used as a food plant since prehistoric times. Phenolic-enriched extracts (PEEs) of Chilean chañar fruits were assessed for their chemical composition, antioxidant properties and inhibition of pro-inflammatory and metabolic syndrome-associated enzymes. Phenolic profiles were determined by HPLC-DAD-MS/MS. The PEEs of G. decorticans showed a strong effect towards the enzymes COX-1/COX-2, with inhibition percentages ranging from inactive to 92.1% and inactive to 76.0% at 50 µg PEE/mL, respectively. The IC
50 values of the PEEs towards lipoxygenase and phospholipase A2 inhibitory activity were between 43.6-96.8 and 98.9-156.0 μg PEE/mL, respectively. Samples inhibited α-glucosidase (IC50 0.8-7.3 μg PEE/mL) and lipase (9.9 to >100 μg PEE/mL). However, samples did not inhibit α-amylase. The HPLC-DAD-MS analysis of the PEEs allowed the tentative identification of 53 compounds, mainly flavonol glycosides and procyanidins. The procyanidin content of the Chilean G. decorticans pulp was positively correlated with the antioxidant activity and the inhibition of the enzyme α-glucosidase. These results indicate that the Chilean chañar fruit contains bioactive polyphenols with functional properties., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.- Published
- 2017
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