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An efficient general method for the synthesis of a wide family of α-aminophosphonate analogs of aspartic acid bearing tetrasubstituted carbons is reported through an aza-Reformatsky reaction of α-iminophosphonates, generated from α-aminophosphonates, in an umpolung process. In addition, the α-aminophosphonate substrates showed in vitro cytotoxicity, inhibiting the growth of carcinoma human tumor cell lines A549 (carcinomic human alveolar basal epithelial cell) and SKOV3 (human ovarian carcinoma). In view of the possibilities in the diversity of the substituents that offer the synthetic methodology, an extensive profile structure–activity is presented, measuring IC50 values up to 0.34 µM in the A549 and 9.8 µM in SKOV3 cell lines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A study on the reactivity of 3-amino α,β-unsaturated γ-lactam derivatives obtained from a multicomponent reaction is presented. Key features of the substrates are the presence of an endocyclic α,β-unsaturated amide moiety and an enamine functionality. Following different synthetic protocols, the functionalization at three different positions of the lactam core is achieved. In the presence of a soft base, under thermodynamic conditions, the functionalization at C-4 takes place where the substrates behave as enamines, while the use of a strong base, under kinetic conditions, leads to the formation of C-5-functionalized γ-lactams, in the presence of ethyl glyoxalate, through a highly diastereoselective vinylogous aldol reaction. Moreover, the nucleophilic addition of organometallic species allows the functionalization at C-3, through the imine tautomer, affording γ-lactams bearing tetrasubstituted stereocenters, where the substrates act as imine electrophiles. Taking into account the advantage of the presence of a chiral stereocenter in C-5 substituted γ-lactams, further diastereoselective transformations are also explored, leading to novel bicyclic substrates holding a fused γ and δ-lactam skeleton. Remarkably, an example of a highly stereoselective formal [3+3] cycloaddition reaction of chiral γ-lactam substrates is reported for the synthesis of 1,4-dihidropyridines, where a non-covalent attractive interaction of a carbonyl group with an electron-deficient arene seems to drive the stereoselectivity of the reaction to the exclusive formation of the cis isomer. In order to unambiguously determine the substitution pattern resulting from the diverse reactions, an extensive characterization of the substrates is detailed through 2D NMR and/or X-ray experiments. Likewise, applications of the substrates as antiproliferative agents against lung and ovarian cancer cells are also described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work describes, for the first time, the synthesis of dialkyl (2-arylquinolin-8-yl)phosphonate derivatives. The preparation was carried out through a direct and simple process as a multicomponent Povarov reaction of aminophenylphosphonates, aldehydes, and styrenes and subsequent oxidation with 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (DDQ) or, alternatively, by a cycloaddition reaction between phosphonate aldimines and acetylenes. Based on phosphonate group structural characteristics, considered as phosphorous isosteres of carboxylic heterocycles, they may present interesting biological properties related to cell proliferation. In the current report, a new series of dialkyl (2-arylquinolin-8-yl)phosphonates have been synthesized and their antiproliferative effect evaluated on different human cancer and embryonic cells, as well as on Leishmania infantum parasites, a eukaryotic protist responsible for visceral leishmaniasis. Thereby, the antitumor effect was assessed in human lung adenocarcinoma cells (A549), human ovarian carcinoma cells (SKOV3), and human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293) versus the non-cancerous lung fibroblasts cell line (MRC5). On the other hand, the antileishmanial activity was tested against both stages of L. infantum cell cycle, namely free-living promastigotes and intramacrophage amastigotes, using a primary culture of Balb/c splenocytes to calculate the selectivity index. Besides the antiproliferative and antileishmanial capacities, their behavior as topoisomerase 1B inhibitors has been evaluated as a possible mechanism of action. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An efficient synthetic methodology for the preparation of 3-amino 1,5-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-ones through a multicomponent reaction of amines, aldehydes, and pyruvate derivatives is reported. In addition, the densely substituted lactam substrates show in vitro cytotoxicity, inhibiting the growth of carcinoma human tumor cell lines HEK293 (human embryonic kidney), MCF7 (human breast adenocarcinoma), HTB81 (human prostate carcinoma), HeLa (human epithelioid cervix carcinoma), RKO (human colon epithelial carcinoma), SKOV3 (human ovarian carcinoma), and A549 (carcinomic human alveolar basal epithelial cell). Given the possibilities in the diversity of the substituents that offer the multicomponent synthetic methodology, an extensive structure-activity profile is presented. In addition, both enantiomers of phosphonate-derived γ-lactam have been synthesized and isolated and a study of the cytotoxic activity of the racemic substrate vs. its two enantiomers is also presented. Cell morphology analysis and flow cytometry assays indicate that the main pathway by which our compounds induce cytotoxicity is based on the activation of the intracellular apoptotic mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Several phosphorus-substituted N-acylated cyanoaziridines 2 and N-carbamoylated cyanoziridines 5 were prepared in good to high yields. N-Acylated cyanoaziridines 2 were used, after ring expansion, in an efficient synthesis of oxazoline derivative 3a and in a completely regio-controlled reaction in the presence of NaI. Conversely, N-carbamoyl cyanoaziridines 5 reacted with NaI to obtain a regioisomeric mixture of 2-aminocyanooxazolines 7. Mild acidic conditions can be used for the isomerization of N-thiocarbamoyl cyanoaziridine 6a into a 2-aminocyanothiazoline derivative 8a by using BF3·OEt2 as a Lewis acid. Likewise, a one pot reaction of NH-cyanoaziridines 1 with isocyanates obtained 2-iminocyanooxazolidines 9 regioselectively. This synthetic methodology involves the addition of isocyanates to starting cyanoaziridines to obtain N-carbamoyl cyanoaziridines 5, which after the ring opening, reacts with a second equivalent of isocyanate to give the final 2-imino cyanooxazolidines 9. In addition, the cytotoxic effect on the cell lines derived from human lung adenocarcinoma (A549) was also screened. 2-Iminooxazolidines 9 exhibited moderate activity against the A549 cell line in vitro. Furthermore, a selectivity towards cancer cells (A549) over non-malignant cells (MCR-5) was detected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An Ugi three-component reaction using preformed α-phosphorated N-tosyl ketimines with different isocyanides in the presence of a carboxylic acid affords tetrasubstituted α-aminophosphonates. Due to the high steric hindrance, the expected acylated amines undergo a spontaneous elimination of the acyl group. The reaction is applicable to α-aryl ketimines bearing a number of substituents and several isocyanides. In addition, the densely substituted α-aminophosphonate substrates showed in vitro cytotoxicity, inhibiting the growth of carcinoma human tumor cell line A549 (carcinomic human alveolar basal epithelial cell). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work reports a straightforward regioselective synthetic methodology to prepare α-aminophosphine oxides and phosphonates through the addition of oxygen and sulfur nucleophiles to the C–N double bond of 2H-azirine derivatives. Determined by the nature of the nucleophile, different α-aminophosphorus compounds may be obtained. For instance, aliphatic alcohols such as methanol or ethanol afford α-aminophosphine oxide and phosphonate acetals after N–C3 ring opening of the intermediate aziridine. However, addition of 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol, phenols, substituted benzenthiols or ethanethiol to 2H-azirine phosphine oxides or phosphonates yields allylic α-aminophosphine oxides and phosphonates in good to high general yields. In some cases, the intermediate aziridine attained by the nucleophilic addition of O- or S-nucleophiles to the starting 2H-azirine may be isolated and characterized before ring opening. Additionally, the cytotoxic effect on cell lines derived from human lung adenocarcinoma (A549) and non-malignant cells (MCR-5) was also screened. Some α-aminophosphorus derivatives exhibited very good activity against the A549 cell line in vitro. Furthermore, selectivity towards cancer cell (A549) over non-malignant cells (MCR-5) has been detected in almost all compounds tested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Synthesis of new quinolinylphosphine oxides via the Povarov reaction between phosphorous aldimines and acetylenes. • New compounds are obtained in a regioselective fashion. • The biological activity of these compounds has been evaluated on a human lung alveolus adenocarcinoma (A 549) cell line. • Higher antiproliferative activity of these compounds than the reference anticancer agents chlorambucil or cisplatin. A new strategy is reported for the synthesis of quinolinylphosphine oxides via the Povarov reaction between phosphorous aldimines and acetylenes. Moreover, these compounds were studied for in vitro cytotoxicity on a human lung alveolus adenocarcinoma (A 549) cell line, demonstrating strong inhibition of cell growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work describes the synthesis of hybrid tetrahydro-1,5-naphthyridine and 1,5-naphthyridine derivatives fused with heterocycles such as chromenes and chromen-2-ones or coumarins, which were synthesized in good to high general yields. The synthetic route involves an intramolecular [4 + 2]-cycloaddition reaction of functionalized aldimines obtained by the condensation of 3-aminopyridine and aldehydes containing a double or triple carbon-carbon bond in orto position and allows the selective generation of three stereogenic centers in a short, efficient and reliable synthesis. The subsequent dehydrogenation of the fused tetrahydrochromeno[4,3- b ][1,5]naphthyridines and/or tetrahydrochromeno[4,3- b ][1,5]naphthyridin-6-ones leads to the formation of the corresponding tetracyclic chromeno[4,3- b ][1,5]naphthyridine derivatives and/or chromeno[4,3- b ][1,5]naphthyridin-6-ones in quantitative yields. Some of the prepared products showed activity as inhibitors of Topoisomerase I (TopI). Additionally, the cytotoxic behavior of these compounds has been studied in cell lines derived from human lung adenocarcinoma (A549) and human ovarian carcinoma (SKOV03), and on non-cancerous lung fibroblasts cell line (MRC5) where, on the last ones, the absence of cytotoxicity was observed. 7-Phenyl-6 H -6a,7,12,12a-tetrahydrochromeno[4,3- b ][1,5]naphthyridine 5a showed excellent cytotoxic activity with a IC 50 value of 1.03 ± 0.30 μM against the A549 cell line and a IC 50 value of 1.75 ± 0.20 μM against the SKOV03 cell line. The obtained results point to these compounds as good antiproliferative candidates. Image 1 • Hybrid chromeno[4,3- b ][1,5]naphthyridine derivatives have been prepared by Intramolecular Povarov Reaction. • Compounds show inhibitory effects against TopI mediated relaxation. • Some of prepared compounds present significant antiproliferative against cancer cell lines. • Theoretical calculations have been also performed for estimation of MEPS, HOMO-LUMO energy gap and related parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract An efficient synthetic methodology for the preparation of phosphorus substituted bis-(3-indolyl)methane through a double nucleophilic addition of indole derivatives to an in situ generated α-iminophosphonate is reported. In addition, bis-(3-indolyl)methane substrates showed in vitro cytotoxicity, inhibiting the growth of carcinoma human tumor cell lines A549 (carcinomic human alveolar basal epithelial cell) and SKOV03 (human ovarian carcinoma). Graphical abstract Image 1 Highlights • An efficient synthesis of bis(3-indolyl)methane derivatives is reported. • Phosphorated bis-(3-indolyl)methane derivatives are hybrid substrates. They showed in vitro cytotoxicity against cancer. • Substrates 13j and 12c derived from 5-methylindole show very good IC 50 values of about 0.06 μM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work describes the synthesis of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolinylphosphine oxides, phosphanes and phosphine sulfides as well as that of quinolinylphosphine oxides and phosphine sulfides, which were synthesized in good to high overall yield. The synthetic route involves a multicomponent reaction of (2-phosphine-oxide)-, 2-phosphine- or (2-phosphine-sulfide)-aniline, aldehydes and olefins and allows the selective generation of two stereogenic centres in a short, efficient and reliable synthesis. The selective dehydrogenation of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolinylphosphine oxides and phosphine sulfides leads to the formation of corresponding phosphorus substituted quinolines. Some of the products which were prepared showed excellent activity as topoisomerase I (Top1) inhibitors. In addition, prolonged effect of the most potent compounds is maintained with the same intensity even after 3 min of the beginning of the enzymatic reaction. The cytotoxic effect on cell lines derived from human lung adenocarcinoma (A549), human ovarian carcinoma (SKOV03) and human embryonic kidney (HEK293) was also screened. 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroquinolinylphosphine oxide 6g with an IC 50 value of 0.25 ± 0.03 μM showed excellent activity against the A549 cell line in vitro , while 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolinylphosphane 9c with an IC 50 value of 0.08 ± 0.01 μM and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolinylphosphine sulfide derivative 10f with an IC 50 value of 0.03 ± 0.04 μM are more active against the A549 cell line. Moreover, selectivity towards cancer cell (A549) over non-malignant cells (MRC5) has been observed. According to their structure, they may be excellent antiproliferative candidates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In an effort to establish new candidates with improved anticancer activity, we report here the synthesis of various series of 7H -indeno[2,1- c ][1,5]-naphthyridines and novel 7H -indeno[2,1- c ][1,5]-naphthyridine-7-ones and 7H -indeno[2,1- c ][1,5]-naphthyridine-7-ols. Most of the products which were synthesized were able to inhibit Topoisomerase I activity. Moreover, in vitro testing demonstrated that a subset of the products exhibited a cytotoxic effect on cell lines derived from human breast cancer (BT 20), human lung adenocarcinoma (A 549), or human ovarian carcinoma (SKOV3). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] This work describes the first synthesis of diethyl 6,6a,7,11b-tetrahydro-5 H -indeno[2,1- c ]quinolinylphosphonates 5 , diethyl 7H -indeno[2,1- c ]quinolinylphosphonates 6 and diethyl 7-oxo-7 H -indeno[2,1- c ]quinolinylphosphonates 7 , which were prepared in good to high overall yields. The synthetic route involves a multicomponent reaction of 2-phosphonateaniline, aldehydes and indene as olefin and allows the selective generation of three stereogenic centres in a short, efficient and reliable manner. The selective dehydrogenation of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroindenoquinolines leads to the formation of corresponding indenoquinolines, and subsequent oxidation of methylene group of the indenoquinolines allows the access to indenoquinolinones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] The synthesis of 1,8-naphthyridine derivatives fused with other heterocycles, such as chromenes and quinolines, as well as their behaviour as topoisomerase I inhibitors is studied. The preparation is carried out through a direct and simple process as an intramolecular [4 + 2] cycloaddition reaction between functionalized aldimines, obtained by the condensation of 2-aminopyridine and unsaturated aldehydes, and olefins. In particular, while no clear inhibitory activity is observed for chromeno[4,3- b ][1,8]naphthyridine fused heterocycles, a very different result is observed for quinolino[4,3- b ][1,8]naphthyridine derivatives. Experimental assays indicated that quinolino[4,3- b ][1,8]naphthyridines inhibited the topoisomerase I enzymatic reaction behaving like a poison, as occurs with the natural TopI inhibitor, camptothecin. Furthermore, the cytotoxic effect on cell lines derived from human lung adenocarcinoma (A549), human ovarian carcinoma (SKOV3), and on non-cancerous lung fibroblasts cell line (MRC5) was also screened. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The topoisomerase I enzymatic inhibition of hybrid quinolino [4,3- b (Siegel et al., 2013; Antony et al., 2003) [1,5]naphthyridines and quinolino [4,3- b (Siegel et al., 2013; Antony et al., 2003) [1,5]naphthyridin-6(5 H)-ones was investigated. First, the synthesis of these fused compounds was performed by intramolecular [4 + 2]-cycloaddition reaction of functionalized aldimines obtained by the condensation of 3-aminopyridine and unsaturated aldehydes affording corresponding hybrid 5-tosylhexahydroquinolino [4,3- b (Siegel et al., 2013; Antony et al., 2003) [1,5]naphthyridine and tetrahydroquinolino [4,3- b (Siegel et al., 2013; Antony et al., 2003) [1,5]naphthyridin-6(5 H)-one compounds with good to high general yields. Subsequent dehydrogenation led to the corresponding more unsaturated dihydro (Siegel et al., 2013; Antony et al., 2003) [1,5]naphthyridine and (Siegel et al., 2013; Antony et al., 2003) [1,5]naphthyridin-6(5 H)-one derivatives in quantitative yields. The new polycyclic products show excellent-good activity as topoisomerase I (TopI) inhibitors that lead to TopI induced nicking of plasmids. This is consistent with the compounds acting as TopI poisons resulting in the accumulation of trapped cleavage complexes in the DNA. The cytotoxic effect on cell lines A549, SKOV3 and on non-cancerous MRC5 was also screened. Tetrahydroquinolino [4,3- b (Siegel et al., 2013; Antony et al., 2003) [1,5]naphthyridin-6(5 H)-one 9 resulted the most cytotoxic compound with IC 50 values of 3.25 ± 0.91 μM and 2.08 ± 1.89 μM against the A549 cell line and the SKOV3 cell line, respectively. Also, hexahydroquinolino [4,3- b (Siegel et al., 2013; Antony et al., 2003) [1,5]naphthyridine 8a and dihydroquinolino [4,3- b (Siegel et al., 2013; Antony et al., 2003) [1,5]naphthyridine 10a showed good cytotoxicity against these cell lines. None of the compounds presented cytotoxic effects against non-malignant pulmonary fibroblasts (MRC-5). Image 1 • Synthesis of new quinolino[4,3- b [1,5]naphthyridine derivatives by Intramolecular Povarov Reaction. • The new compounds act as TopI poisons. • Most of the newly synthesized compounds present stronger inhibitory activity of TopI than CPT. • Some of prepared compounds present significant antiproliferative against cancer cell lines. • Theoretical calculations have been also performed for estimation of MEPS, HOMO-LUMO energy gap and related parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work describes a straightforward diastereoselective synthetic access to azirino[2,1- b ]benzo[ e ][1,3]oxazines containing phosphorus substituents such as phosphonate or phosphine oxide, by means of nucleophilic addition of functionalized phenols to the C–N double bond of 2 H -azirine derivatives. In addition, the cytotoxic effect on cell lines derived from human lung adenocarcinoma (A549) and human embryonic kidney (HEK293) was also screened. Some azirino[2,1- b ]benzo[ e ][1,3]oxazines 4 and 6 exhibited very good activity against the A549 cell line in vitro. Furthermore, selectivity towards cancer cell (A549) over (HEK293), and non-malignant cells (MCR-5) has been detected. Image 1 • A new diastereoselective approach to phosphorylated azirino[2,1- b ]benzo[ e ] [1,3]oxazines with phosphorus substituents have been developed. • The process involve a nucleophilic addition of phenol derivatives to the C-N double bond of 2 H -azirines. • These heterocycles are merged hybrid substrates, holding aziridine, benzo[ e ] [1,3]oxazine and organophosphorus moieties. • Some compounds showed good in vitro cytotoxic effect against A549 cell line. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]