1. Clinical features and mechanistic insights into drug repurposing for combating COVID-19
- Author
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Matt D. Johansen, Greg Haug, Philip M. Hansbro, Kielan Darcy McAlinden, Imtaiyaz Hassan, Keshav Tiwari, Katie L. Flanagan, Mathew Suji Eapen, Purva Asrani, and Sukhwinder Singh Sohal
- Subjects
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes ,Biochemistry & Molecular Biology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Psychological intervention ,Disease ,Review Article ,Adaptive Immunity ,medicine.disease_cause ,Antibodies, Viral ,Biochemistry ,Antiviral Agents ,Antimalarials ,Pandemic ,medicine ,Humans ,Intensive care medicine ,COVID-19 Serotherapy ,Coronavirus ,Antiparasitic Agents ,business.industry ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Probiotics ,Drug Repositioning ,Immunization, Passive ,COVID-19 ,0601 Biochemistry and Cell Biology, 1101 Medical Biochemistry and Metabolomics, 1116 Medical Physiology ,Cell Biology ,medicine.disease ,Immunity, Innate ,COVID-19 Drug Treatment ,Clinical trial ,Drug repositioning ,Pneumonia ,cytokine storm ,Therapeutic ,business ,Cytokine storm ,anti-viral compounds - Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged from Wuhan in China before it spread to the entire globe. It causes coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) where mostly individuals present mild symptoms, some remain asymptomatic and some show severe lung inflammation and pneumonia in the host through the induction of a marked inflammatory 'cytokine storm'. New and efficacious vaccines have been developed and put into clinical practice in record time, however, there is a still a need for effective treatments for those who are not vaccinated or remain susceptible to emerging SARS-CoV-2 variant strains. Despite this, effective therapeutic interventions against COVID-19 remain elusive. Here, we have reviewed potential drugs for COVID-19 classified on the basis of their mode of action. The mechanisms of action of each are discussed in detail to highlight the therapeutic targets that may help in reducing the global pandemic. The review was done up to July 2021 and the data was assessed through the official websites of WHO and CDC for collecting the information on the clinical trials. Moreover, the recent research papers were also assessed for the relevant data. The search was mainly based on keywords like Coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, drugs (specific name of the drugs), COVID-19, clinical efficiency, safety profile, side-effects etc.This review outlines potential areas for future research into COVID-19 treatment strategies.
- Published
- 2021