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Background: Post‐stroke anxiety (PSA) is a common neuropsychiatric affective disorder occurring after a stroke. Animal experiments have indicated that serum S‐100β levels are closely related to anxiety disorder. No clinical study has been done to explore the relationship between serum S‐100β levels and anxiety symptoms in patients with acute stroke. The aim of our study was to investigate the association between serum S‐100β levels and PSA. Methods: One hundred twenty‐six acute stroke patients were recruited and followed up for 1 month. Blood samples were collected within 24 h after admission. The levels of serum S‐100β were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays. Patients with significant clinical symptoms of anxiety and a Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale score >7 at 1 month after stroke were diagnosed as PSA. Results: Serum S‐100β levels in the non‐PSA group were lower than the PSA group (838.97 (678.20–993.59) ng/L vs. 961.87 (796.09–1479.59) ng/L, Z = −2.661, P = 0.008). In multivariate analyses, we found that decreased risk of PSA was associated with low tertile serum S‐100β levels (≤753.8 ng/L, OR 0.062, 95% CI 0.008–0.475, P = 0.007). Conclusions: Low serum S‐100β levels at admission may be associated with the decreased risk of PSA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To explore whether poor sleep is associated with post‐stroke anxiety (PSA) in Chinese patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and to verify whether poor sleep is a predictor of PSA. Methods: A total of 327 patients with AIS were enrolled and followed up for 1 month. Sleep quality within 1 month before stroke was evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) at admission. The patients were divided into the poor sleep group (PSQI > 7, n = 76) and good sleep group (PSQI ≤ 7, n = 251). One month after stroke, patients with obvious anxiety symptoms and a Hamilton Anxiety Scale score >7 were diagnosed with PSA. Results: Eighty‐seven patients (26.6%) were diagnosed with PSA. Compared to the good sleep quality group, the incidence of PSA in patients with poor sleep quality was higher (42.1% vs. 21.9%, p =.001). Poor sleep quality is more common in patients with PSA (35.6% vs. 18.8%, p =.001). A logistic regression analysis indicated that poor sleep quality was significantly associated with PSA (OR: 2.265, 95% CI: 1.262–4.067, p =.003). After adjusting for conventional and identified risk factors, poor sleep quality was found to be independently associated with PSA (OR: 2.676, 95% CI: 1.451–4.936, p =.001). Conclusions: Poor sleep quality before stroke was associated with PSA and may be an independent risk factor of PSA 1 month after AIS onset. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]