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Pseudogenes are a subclass of long non-coding (lnc) RNAs that arose from protein-coding genes, but have lost the ability to produce proteins. Pseudogenes play an important role in the pathogenesis of various tumors; however, the role of pseudogenes in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is poorly understood. In this study, we investigated a novel pseudogene, PDIA3P1, which was upregulated in HCC tissues compared with paired normal adjacent tissues. The expression of PDIA3P1 was significantly correlated with tumor size, metastasis, TNM stage, and overall stage. Knockdown of PDIA3P1decreased proliferation, migration, and invasion of HCC cells. PDIA3P1 knockdown also promoted cell apoptosis and inhibited tumor growth in vivo. We performed a GeneChip assay to investigate the underlying mechanism of PDIA3P1 action on biological function, and our results suggested that PDIA3P1 may promote proliferation and inhibit apoptosis of liver cancer cells by inhibiting the p53 pathway. Thus, our data suggest that PDIA3P1 acts as an oncogene in HCC and could be a potential prognostic marker and therapeutic target for HCC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The transcriptional coactivator with PDZ binding motif (TAZ) is reported as one of the nuclear effectors of Hippo-related pathways. TAZ is found overexpressed in many primary tumors and could regulate many biological processes. However, little is known about the role of TAZ in Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). In this study, we found that TAZ is expressed more in ICC tissues than in peritumoral tissue, and a robust expression of TAZ is correlated with a lower overall survival rate of ICC patients after hepatectomy. TAZ knockdown results in an increase in cell apoptosis, a promotion of cell-cycle arrest and a decrease in tumor size and weight in vivo through an increased expression of p53. Vitamin D3 can also inhibit cell proliferation by promoting p53 expression in ICC cells. A reduction in TAZ can also enhance the sensitivity of tumor cells to vitamin D by regulating the p53/CYP24A1 pathway. In conclusion, TAZ is associated with the proliferation and drug-resistance of ICC cells, and could be a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of ICC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]