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Herein, a novel ferrocenyl pyrazoline–based organic gelator (Z) was synthesised and studied. Adding Z in various solvents could form stable organic gels, the state of which could be reversibly converted to the solution form from the gel form by heating or cooling. X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy revealed that intermolecular hydrogen bonding, π-π stacking and van der Waals interaction are the key to form organogels via the self-assembly of Z. The optical properties and fluorescence spectra of the compound were studied using ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometry. We found that the fluorescence of Z is highly selective and responsive to different metal ions, including Cu2+. Z was further used for intracellular imaging of living BHK-21 cells, showing excellent bioactivity and thereby, indicating its potential in broad applications. In addition, Z can respond to radiation, heating and vibration, thus giving the organic gel more stimulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two novel coumarin-based pyrazoline derivatives have been designed and synthesized as organogel factors. Organogelators Z 1–2 both have gelation behavior in alcohol solution and DMSO. Gel- tert -butanol Z 1–2 (CGC = 1.84%, 1.41%) fluoresce blue and yellow-green under ultraviolet irradiation, respectively. Z 1–2 both exhibit selectivity for response to Fe3+ in THF-deionized aqueous (V: V = 9:1) solution, meanwhile display high sensitivity. Notably, introducing diethylamino at 7-position the coumarin unit increases the detection line range in Z 2. Furthermore, Z 2 not only has a good biocompatibility in living cells but also the sensing behavior of Fe3+ in the cell nucleus. The coordination mechanism of gelators Z 1–2 and Fe3+ were performed at the DFT level. [Display omitted] • Two novel coumarin-based pyrazoline organogelators Z 1–2 have designed and synthesized. • The Z 1–2 can both form fluoresce organogels in tert-butanol (CGC=1.84%, 1.41%). • The Z 1–2 can both response to Fe3+ in aqueous solution and organogels with selectivity and sensitivity. • The Z 2 can detect Fe3+ in living cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A novel pyrazoline fluorescent probe N was synthesized. • It can be used to detect Cu2+ with high sensitivity and high selectivity. • It can be applied to fluorescent Cu2+ imaging in living cells. • The color of probe N changed with Cu2+ by naked-eye. In this study, a new pyrazoline derivate (1-acetyl-3- (2-hydroxy-1-naphthyl)-5-(2-phenyl-2H-chromene)-2-pyrazoline, N) is described as fluorescent probe for fluorometric detection of Cu2+. This fluorescence of probe has a high selectivity only toward Cu2+ ion in the other metal ions. It is remarkably observed that the fluorescence intensity of N decreased in the presence of Cu2+ ions with a strong capability to resist perturbations. The Limit of detection (LOD) value is calculated as 8.85 × 10−7 M for Cu2+ while the complexation constant is calculated as 3.14 × 105 M−2 via fluorescence measurements. The interaction between of N and Cu2+ is reversible after adding PPi. The optimized calculation of the probe for Cu2+ is confirmed by TD-DFT calculations. N-Cu2+ is successfully applied in the intracellular imaging in living PK-21 cells that will have a great chance for wide application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]