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This article discusses recent archaeological investigations at the Samuel's Mounds site, a pre-Columbian mound site located within the boundaries of Robert Allerton Park in Piatt County, Illinois. This work was part of a collaborative effort between the Illinois State Archaeological Survey, Allerton Park, and Parkland College to investigate the archaeological resources within the park. Pedestrian survey, geophysical survey, test excavations, and the restoration of one of the looted mounds were conducted at the site in 2017 and 2018, and these investigations provided information on the chronology, mound construction techniques, and activities that took place at the site. This work has shed light on the Late Woodland period in the upper Sangamon Valley and provided foundational archaeological information that will be useful to Allerton Park visitors, managers, the general public, and archaeologists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]