8 results on '"Maurizio Tosi"'
Search Results
2. Preliminary report on the excavations at Wadi Shab, Area 1, Sultanate of Oman
- Author
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Maurizio Tosi and Donatella Usai
- Subjects
Transplantation ,Archeology ,Geography ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,Preliminary report ,General Arts and Humanities ,Immunology and Allergy ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Excavation ,Ancient history ,Archaeology ,Wadi - Published
- 2003
3. Dating the Irrigation System of the Samarkand Oasis: A Geoarchaeological Study
- Author
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Simone Mantellini, Guy Simpson, Irka Hajdas, Maurizio Tosi, Luca C. Malatesta, Sébastien Castelltort, Amriddin E. Berdimuradov, Vincenzo Picotti, Sean D. Willett, Malatesta L.C., Castelltort S., Mantellini S., Picotti V., Hajdas I., Simpson G., Berdimuradov A.E, Tosi M., and Willett S.D.
- Subjects
010506 paleontology ,Archeology ,Irrigation ,Samarkand oasi ,14C dating ,01 natural sciences ,Natural (archaeology) ,law.invention ,Surface processe ,law ,Dargom ,0601 history and archaeology ,Radiocarbon dating ,Sedimentology ,Geoarchaeology ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Irrigation system ,060102 archaeology ,Flood myth ,Flooding (psychology) ,sedimentology ,06 humanities and the arts ,Archaeology ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Sedimentary rock ,Geology ,Chronology - Abstract
The oasis of Samarkand in the Middle Zeravshan Valley (modern Uzbekistan) was a major political and economic center in ancient western Central Asia. The chronology of its irrigation system was, until now, only constrained by the quality and quantity of archaeological findings and several different hypotheses have been proposed for it. We use a new approach combining archaeological surveying, radiocarbon dating, sedimentary analysis, and the numerical modeling of a flood event to offer new evidence for, and quantitative dating of, the development of irrigation system on the southern flank of the Middle Zeravshan Valley. We analyzed 13 bones and charcoals from 3 archaeological sites and obtained new 14C ages from Afrasiab (ancient Samarkand), a dwelling damaged by flooding in the 2nd century AD (site code: SAM-174) and the fortress of Kafir Kala. We established the origin of sedimentary deposits at the sites to infer the presence of the 2 most important canals of the southern flank: the Dargom and the Yanghiaryk. Finally, we show with a numerical model of overland flow that a natural flood was unlikely to have produced the damage observed at SAM-174. The combined results of the study indicate that the canals south of Samarkand existed, and were mainly developed, in the 2nd century AD and were not connected to the main feeding canal of Afrasiab at that time.
- Published
- 2012
4. Investigations on ancient beads from the Sultanate of Oman (Ra's al-Hadd - Southern Oman)
- Author
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Maurizio Tosi, Liliana Panei, and Gilberto Rinaldi
- Subjects
Archeology ,Materials science ,Oman ,XRD ,DRX ,Mineralogy ,Pyroxene ,Bead ,engineering.material ,Raw material ,Talc ,Ultramafic rock ,medicine ,pyro-technologie ,Mohs scale of mineral hardness ,Mineral ,perle ,bead ,enstatite ,visual_art ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,Enstatite ,engineering ,pyro-technology ,stéatite ,medicine.drug - Abstract
A study has been carried out on the mineralogical composition of stone beads found in the course of archaeological excavations carried out at the site of Ra's al-Hadd in Southern Oman. The data provide information about the raw material and technology used for beads production. Several beads and micro-beads made of white paste of different shapes and sizes have been analysed. They range, in size, from two to four millimetres in diameter, two to fifteen millimetres in height, and the diameter of the hole is approximately one millimetre. The shape is tubular for the biggest bead, cylindrical for slender beads and ring-shaped for micro-beads. The beads were analysed using X-ray diffraction (XRD); the method was optimised to minimise the amount of the sample necessary for analysis (15 milligrams were necessary using special sample holders while in traditional holders 300 milligrams are needed). XRD analysis revealed that the beads arc made of “synthetic enstatite”, a magnesium silicate belonging to pyroxene group (orthopy-roxene Mg2Si2O6). The relative intensity of the main peaks confirms that the material is “synthetic enstatite”. Natural enstatite is a hard mineral (its hardness is five or six on the Mohs scale), therefore we propose that a softer magnesium-bearing mineral was used: steatite (Mg5Si4O10 (OH)2 commonly known as massive talc - hardness one on the Mohs scale). The beads might have been worked from soft steatite bulk material and then hardened by transformation of the steatite to synthetic enstatite during firing at about 1000 °C so that the formerly soft beads became hard and durable. Some preliminary heating experiments on talc bulk fired at about 1000 °C was carried out to compare powder diffractograms of the beads and the fired massive talc; a good overall resemblance of the two patterns is evident. The raw material of the examined beads might have came from the ultramafic rocks of Oman and it is very likely that these beads were produced from locally available raw materials. Nous avons étudié la composition minéralogique des petites perles trouvées lors des fouilles archéologiques effectuées sur le site de Ra's al-Hadd situé au sud de l'Oman. Nous avons analysé beaucoup de petites perles et micro-perles fabriquées avec un matériel blanc et de différentes formes et dimensions. Les résultats de l'analyse ont livré des informations sur le matériel et la technologie utilisés pour la production des petites perles. Les dimensions sont de deux à quatre millimètres de diamètre et de deux à quinze millimètres de haut, le diamètre du trou perforé est approximativement de un millimètre. La forme est tubulaire pour la perle la plus grande et cylindrique pour les plus petites perles, de forme circulaire pour les micro-perles. Les petites perles ont été analysées par diffraction de rayons X. Nous avons optimisé la méthode pour minimiser la quantité de matériel utilisé pour l'analyse (15 mg de poudre sont nécessaires avec un porte échantillon spécial contre 500 mg de poudre nécessaires avec un porte échantillon traditionnel). L'analyse par diffraction de rayons X indique que les petites perles sont en enstatite synthétique, un silicate de magnésium appartenant au groupe des pyroxènes (ortopyroxène Mg2Si2O6). L'intensité relative des pics principaux confirme que le matériel utilisé est l'enstatite synthétique. L'enstatite naturelle est un minéral très dur (il a une dureté de cinq à six sur l'échelle Mohs) et c'est pourquoi nous proposons que la stéatite (Mg2Si4O10(OH)2 normalement connue comme talc massif de dureté un sur l'échelle de Mohs) est le matériel utilisé pour la réalisation des petites perles. Les petites perles pourraient avoir été réalisées avec de la stéatite et être ensuite transformées en enstatite synthétique par cuisson au four à une température d'environ 1000 degrés centigrades. Cette méthode permettrait la production de petites perles très dures, réalisées à partir d'un matériel tendre. Nous avons fait des expériences avec du talc italien chauffé à 1000 degrés centigrades pour comparer les diagrammes de diffraction des petites perles avec les diagrammes de diffraction du talc chauffé.
- Published
- 2007
5. Cachets inscrits de la fin du IIIe millénaire av. notre ère à Ra's al-Junays, sultanat d'Oman (note d'information)
- Author
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Christian Julien Robin, Serge Cleuziou, Maurizio Tosi, and Gherardo Gnoli
- Subjects
Archeology ,History - Abstract
Les cachets en chlorite (2 inscrits et 1 non inscrit) presentes dans cet article ont ete decouverts dans une maison de briques crues attribuee au debut de la phase II (2500-2200 av. J.-C.) d'occupation du site RJ-2 du cap de Ra's al-Junayz. Apres une description des cachets et des signes inscrits, l'auteur s'interroge sur la nature de ces signes (ecriture ?), puis sur la diffusion des systeme d'ecritures alors existant en Egypte, en Mesopotamie, en Elam et dans l'Indus, vers la peninsule d'Oman et le Golfe persique a la fin du 3e millenaire (vers 2200 av. J.-C.)
- Published
- 1994
6. Shahdad: Archaeological Excavations of a Bronze Age Center in Iran. By Ali Hakemi
- Author
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Maurizio Tosi, Sandro Salvatoni, Istituto italiano per il Medio ed Estremo Oriente, Hakemi Ali, S.M.S Sajjadi, and Pierre Amiet
- Subjects
Archeology ,Bronze Age ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Center (algebra and category theory) ,Excavation ,Art ,Ancient history ,Archaeology ,media_common - Published
- 1998
7. Qurum: a case study of coastal archaeology in Northern Oman
- Author
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Hans-Peter Uerpmann, Wolfgang Torke, Maurizio Tosi, and Paolo Biagi
- Subjects
Shore ,Archeology ,education.field_of_study ,Resource (biology) ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,business.industry ,Population ,Archaeology ,Prehistory ,Indian ocean ,Geography ,Agriculture ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,business ,education - Abstract
First evidence of prehistoric coastal adaptations along the Arabian shores of the Indian Ocean is being recovered at Qurum in the Sultanate of Oman. The cluster of shell‐middens currently excavated relates to a small population of fishermen of the 5th and 4th millennia B.C. having a strongly maritime‐oriented culture. The economy was based on local resource intensification, but stock‐breeding of goats and cattle was practised as well, suggesting early contacts with farming groups and the spreading of domesticates through coastal interchanges.
8. On Proto-Elamite Iran
- Author
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Maurizio Tosi and Burchard Brentjes
- Subjects
Archeology ,History ,Anthropology ,Elamite language ,language ,Ancient history ,language.human_language - Published
- 1983
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