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In 1997, Gamma Health Care Systems embarked on a redesign project for their Human Resource Information System (HRIS). Redesign involved major changes to the existing system to guarantee a very high level of service. This case describes the efforts of the Human Resource Department (HRD) to redesign its HRIS to better meet enterprise‐wide goals of cost effectiveness and efficiency. The reengineering project transformed the HRD from a historic role of transaction processing to one of a strategic partner.

In traditional Chinese domestic architecture, the central, main room of the home functions as the family temple. In this room, the altar and related furniture is placed against the wall facing the entrance of the room, which opens onto the courtyard. Usually, in small houses, this room was multi-functional, serving as both living and dining rooms; in larger compounds, this room serves as family shrine and formal reception hall. With multistory dwellings, there did not seem to be a standard solution, but the altar tended to be found in the main room, often defined by the room with the television set before multiple household sets became common.

Environmental studies are nowadays coming more and more to the fore and emerging as a highly complex interdisciplinary science. In this paper, however, I shall confine myself to that part of the environment which is created by human activities, dealing particularly with the urban environment. The disciplines which are concerned with this field include architecture, town planning, the sociology of housing and of cities, communal hygiene, various aspects of engineering, and some more modern fields such as ekistics or the science of human settlements (Doxiadis, 1970).

Aquest estudi va provar quins factors latents existeixen que podrien afectar significativament l’avaluació d’acompliment basada en els ciutadans de l’Oficina de Serveis de Renovació de Veïnats (NRSO), que és una política que facilita la renovació urbana. Dos-cents residents d’àrees urbanes deteriorades (UDA) en els veïnats de Fallah i Yaftabad van ser entrevistatsmitjançant qüestionaris. Per analitzar els resultats dels qüestionaris, primer es va emprar una Anàlisi Factorial Explorador (EFA) per identificar els factors subjacents per a l’avaluació de la política esmentada i, posteriorment, la Regressió Logística Ordinal (OLR) per modelar els factors relacionats amb l’avaluació de l’ acompliment.Els residents que estaven més familiaritzats amb els plans i polítiques van avaluar l’acompliment de l’oficina de renovació de manera més positiva. A més, si les NRSO volen ser avaluades com més efectives en la seva intervenció, necessiten potenciar el factor socioeconòmic dela seva comunitat interactiva. El model OLR va mostrar que el sentit de lloc és un altre factor subjacent significatiu en aquest sentit. No obstant això, la durada de la residència malgrat convergir com a factor en l’EFA no va mostrar cap impacte significatiu segons el model OLR., This study tested which latent factors exist that could significantly impact the citizens-based performance assessment of the Neighborhood Renovation Service Office (NRSO) which is a renovation facilitating policy. Two hundred residents of Urban Deteriorated Areas (UDAs) inFallah & Yaftabad neighborhoods, were interviewed by questionnaires. To analyze the outcomes of the questionnaires, first, an Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) for identifying underlying factors for assessment of the mentioned policy and subsequently Ordinal Logistic Regression(OLR) for modeling the factors concerning performance assessment were employed.The residents who had more familiarity with the plans and policies evaluated the renovation office performance more positively. Also if NRSOs want to be assessed as more effective in their intervention they need to empower their interacting community’s socioeconomic factor.The OLR model showed that the sense of place is another significant underlying factor in this regard. However, residency duration despite converging as a factor in EFA did not show any significant impact based on the OLR model., Este estudio probó qué factores latentes existen que podrían afectar significativamente la evaluación de desempeño basada en los ciudadanos de la Oficina de Servicios de Renovación de Vecindarios (NRSO), que es una política que facilita la renovación urbana. Doscientos residentes de áreas urbanas deterioradas (UDA) en los vecindarios de Fallah y Yaftabad fueronentrevistados mediante cuestionarios. Para analizar los resultados de los cuestionarios, primero se empleó un Análisis Factorial Exploratorio (EFA) para identificar los factores subyacentes para la evaluación de la política mencionada y, posteriormente, la Regresión Logística Ordinal (OLR) para modelar los factores relacionados con la evaluación del desempeño.Los residentes que estaban más familiarizados con los planes y políticas evaluaron el desempeño de la oficina de renovación de manera más positiva. Además, si las NRSO quieren ser evaluadas como más efectivas en su intervención, necesitan potenciar el factor socioeconómico de su comunidad interactiva. El modelo OLR mostró que el sentido de lugar esotro factor subyacente significativo en este sentido. Sin embargo, la duración de la residencia a pesar de converger como factor en la EFA no mostró ningún impacto significativo según el modelo OLR.

As previously discussed [13], the challenges to achieve a consistent intertwining between safety and security are rather diverse and complex. Recent advances in safety and security suggest that risks analyses provide guidance for achieving a comprehensive alignment. However, for many domains, like in aeronautics, security is rather a recent concern whereas aircraft development has been mostly guided by safety criteria for several decades. The referred disparity along with the fact that security is, in many respects, a discipline still in evolution, imposes restrictions for specifying and applying methods to conduct safety and security co-engineering as a unified process. In this paper, we present the progress in the development of a model-based method, a framework and a tool useful to conduct a security risks analysis guided by safety criteria and goals. Among others, the approach relies on know-how found in the state of the art, in standards like ED202, ED203 (EUROCAE)1, as well as in open knowledge bases like CAPEC and CWE (MITRE)2. These sources are integrated which allows the instantiation of patterns of attacks, vulnerabilities, and architectures, which are crucial elements to semi-automate the analysis. A rule-based algorithm for exploring potential attack paths across an architecture is proposed and implemented. The approach is finally demonstrated by analyzing a combined attack-failure path in a Flight Control System which can undermine the safety of a modern aircraft. The framework and tool support seek safety-security by design and aim to facilitate the reuse of case studies and to settle a basis for repeatability and results comparison.

International audience; In recent years, technological advances and the ever-increasing power of embedded systems have seen the emergence of so-called smart cities. In these cities, application needs are increasingly calling for Large-Scale Wireless Sensor Networks (LS-WSN). However, the design and implementation of such networks pose several important and interesting challenges. These low-cost, low-power devices are characterized by limited computing, memory storage, communication, and battery power capabilities. Moreover, sensors are often required to cooperate in order to route the collected data to a single central node (or sink). The many-to-one communication model that governs dense and widely deployed Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) most often leads to problems of network overload and congestion. Indeed, it is easy to show that the closer a node is geographical to the sink, the more data sources it has to relay. This leads to several problems including overloading of nodes close to the sink, high loss rate in the area close to the sink, and poor distribution of power consumption that directly affects the lives of these networks. In this context, we propose a contribution to the problem of LS-WSN energy consumption. We designed a hierarchical 3-tier architecture of LS-WSNs coupled with a modeling of the activities of the different sensors in the network. This architecture that is based on clustering also includes a redeployment function to maintain the topology in case of coverage gaps. The results of the performed simulations show that our architecture maximizes the lifetime than compared solutions.

A novel binary decision architecture (BDA) for broadcast news audio classification task is presented in this paper. The idea of developing such architecture came from the fact that the appropriate combination of multiple binary classifiers for two-class discrimination problem can reduce a miss-classification error without rapid increase in computational complexity. The core element of classification architecture is represented by a binary decision (BD) algorithm that performs discrimination between each pair of acoustic classes, utilizing two types of decision functions. The first one is represented by a simple rule-based approach in which the final decision is made according to the value of selected discrimination parameter. The main advantage of this solution is relatively low processing time needed for classification of all acoustic classes. The cost for that is low classification accuracy. The second one employs support vector machine (SVM) classifier. In this case, the overall classification accuracy is conditioned by finding the optimal parameters for decision function resulting in higher computational complexity and better classification performance. The final form of proposed BDA is created by combining four BD discriminators supplemented by decision table. The effectiveness of proposed BDA, utilizing rule-based approach and the SVM classifier, is compared with two most popular strategies for multiclass classification, namely the binary decision trees (BDT) and the One-Against-One SVM (OAOSVM). Experimental results show that the proposed classification architecture can decrease the overall classification error in comparison with the BDT architecture. On the contrary, an optimization technique for selecting the optimal set of training data is needed in order to overcome the OAOSVM.

Both in the United States and in the Euro area, bank supervision is the joint responsibility of local and central/federal supervisors. I study how such a system can optimally balance the lower inspection costs of local supervisors with the ability of the central level to internalize cross-border or interstate externalities. The model predicts that centralised supervision endogenously increases market integration and cross-border externalities, further strengthening the need for centralised supervision. This complementarity implies that, for some parameterizations of the model, the economy can be trapped in a local supervision equilibrium with low supervision and integration. In such a case, the forward-looking introduction of a centralized supervisory architecture achieves a superior equilibrium. JEL Classification: D53, G21, G28, G33, G38, L51