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In fiction, the creation of historical reality and the character of a historical figure is a complex process in which artists create unique styles and genres for each event in the creation of a work of art. This can only be seen in the variety of colors used to create the image of the great oriental scholar Ibn Sina.

This study aims to describe the shape and suitability of the statue's motion to the legendary story of Lake Toba in Siallagan village. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The population in this study were ten human statues in the Taman Wisata Legenda Danau Toba which consisted of 10 statues. The 10 statues were assessed to get answers about the shape and suitability of body movements with the Legendary Story of Lake Toba in Siallagan Village. The highest value of a statue has an average value of 73, namely the 2nd sculpture work.While the lowest score of the statue has an average value of 57.25, is the 6th statue work. which is large enough from the beginning of the story to the illustration of the last goldfish statue depicting the end of the story that Uli returned to being a goldfish and the whole village sank to form a lake and an island.

The article is focused on Lesia Ukrainka’s famous drama The Stone Master (Kaminnyi Hospodar), her remake of the Don Juan legend. The author of the article, Ukrainian philosopher Volodymyr Yermolenko, localizes Lesia’s masterpiece in a broader European tradition of the legend. He compares The Stone Master with the previous version of the Don Juan legend, by Tirso de Molina (The Trickster of Seville), Moli re (Dom Juan), Mozart (Don Giovanni), Hoffmann (Don Juan), Grabbe (Faust and Don Juan) and others. He analyzes Lesia’s originality within this tradition. He also reads The Stone Master in the context of the dialogue between different epochs: the Baroque, Classicism, Rococo / Enlightenment, Romanticism, Post-Romanticism. Each of the epochs develops its specific version of Don Juan legend, according to Yermolenko, which reflects a specific concept of human being and human relations developed at each particular period. While the “Baroque” Don Juan of Tirso de Molina marks the crisis of the culture of honor, the “Classicist” Don Juan of Moli re shows the development of a culture of knowledge and general concepts, and the “Romantic” Don Juan of Byron and Hoffmann is a symptorm of a new 19th century culture of will and transformation. In this respect, it is important to look at Lesia Ukrainka’s text as a battleground of “Romantic” will to freedom and “Post-Romantic” (or fin de siècle) will to power. In this context, Yermolenko reads The Stone Master (written in 1912) as a criticism of the fashionable topic of “will to power”, and as a political warning, with Lesia Ukrainka showing the upcoming horrors of the 20th century’s authoritarianism and totalitarianism. With the help of the concept of eropolitics, the author shows how, through the erotic topic, Lesia Ukrainka passed a major political message to her epoch — and ours as well.

This article analyzes Washington Irving's two most popular novels in American literature, "Sleepy Hollow" and "Rip Van Winkle." The main issue is the issue of identity in this period of history. The author of these short stories answers everyone who asks about the American people's quest for freedom and what it means to be an American. These novels are a source of inspiration for Americans to build their own culture. Key words: novella, Revolutionary war, colonialism, spirit, personality

Manuscript Bibliothèque nationale de France, MS fr. 12577 and ivory casket Musée du Louvre, OA 122, and are two of three extant fourteenth-century visualizations of Chrétien’s Le Conte du Graal, produced in Paris circa 1310-1330. Although the objects’ shared era of production suggests similarities of iconography, artistic influences, and production methods, little research has been conducted regarding visual and cultural connections between MS fr. 12577 and OA 122. Through iconographic and stylistic analysis of the scenes each artisan depicted within his respective medium, I elucidate how the casket and manuscript’s imagery personifies Perceval’s dual nature, a young knight symbolic of the secular and sacred. As visualizations of Chrétien’s most religiously-minded legend, MS fr. 12577 and OA 122 exemplify the intertwining of the sacred and secular within fourteenth-century French romantic art, specifically within illuminated manuscripts and carved ivory, materials that through their refinement, rarity, and expense, signified leisure, luxury, and nobility. By examining these two opulent objects, I provide insights into their purpose and significance in late medieval France, especially cultural crossover between the porous realms of sacred and secular medieval life. Manuscrito Bibliothèque nationale de France, MS fr. 12577 y cofre de marfil Musée du Louvre, OA 122, son dos de las tres visualizaciones existentes del siglo XIV de Le Conte du Graal de Chrétien, producidas en París alrededor de 1310-1330. Aunque la era de producción compartida de los objetos sugiere similitudes de iconografía, influencias artísticas y métodos de producción, se han realizado pocas investigaciones sobre las conexiones visuales y culturales entre MS fr. 12577 y OA 122. A través del análisis iconográfico y estilístico de las escenas que cada artesano representa en su medio respectivo, elucido cómo el cofre y las imágenes del manuscrito personifican la naturaleza dual de Perceval, un joven caballero simbólico de lo secular y lo sagrado. Como visualizaciones de la leyenda más religiosa de Chrétien, MS fr. 12577 y OA 122 ejemplifican el entrelazamiento de lo sagrado y lo secular dentro del arte romántico francés del siglo XIV, específicamente dentro de manuscritos iluminados y marfil tallado, materiales que, por su refinamiento, rareza y gasto, significaban ocio, lujo y nobleza. Al examinar estos dos opulentos objetos, proporciono ideas sobre su propósito y significado en la Francia medieval tardía, especialmente el cruce cultural entre los porosos reinos de la vida medieval sagrada y secular.

Between 2002 and 2013, the author of this article published and saw staged three different plays that establish creative dialogues with the work of Fernando Pessoa. Two of them – Audicao – Com Daisy ao vivo no Odre Maritimo (Audition – With Daisy live in Lisbon) and Cabare de Ofelia (Ophelia’s Cabaret) constitute a dramaturgical diptych sharing a common character who is present in both: Daisy Mason; reinvention of the figure from a Pessoa’s poem, portrayed in them as a drag‑queen friend of Alvaro de Campos, “legend of poetry and music‑hall”. The third of these plays, Menino de sua Avo (Fernando and his Grandmother), brings to the theatrical scene Dionisia Seabra, Fernando’s crazy grandmother, in a play with seven scenic encounters between grandmother and grandson that extend beyond the physical death of both. The article begins by establishing a brief comprehensive picture of Pessoa’s approach to the universe of theater and dramatic creation, namely that which in its plural creation is identified with a function that we can designate as a poet‑actor. The discursive course of the article gives attention to each of the mentioned plays, articulating the motivations for their writing, the imaginary that constitutes them, as well as the way they relate to elements and figures from the fictional universe of Fernando Pessoa. THEATRE / FERNANDO PESSOA / POET‑ACTOR / DRAMATURGICAL CREATION / TEXT AND SCENE

This essay analyzes how two public performances (a 2017 protest and a yearly play in Xochimilco) adapt the legend of la Llorona for a rhetorical haunting of Mexico’s public sphere. Rhetorical haunting is defined as a community-based rhetorical tactic that conserves and transmits a community’s painful memories, memories that contest official versions of the past. La Llorona as rhetorical haunting asks the public to keep contested memories alive as an act of communal protest and defiance of the dominant institutions that wish for the public to forget.

The article discusses the idea of urban genres as forms of textualization of urban spaces, as proposed by Katarzyna Szalewska in her book Urbanalia – miasto i jego teksty: Humanistyczne studia miejskie (Gdańsk 2017). The proposed category of ‘urbanalia’ describes the urban genological land scape that comprises verbal and non-verbal utterances. Szalewska redefines such urban genres as passage, anecdote, spacerownik, urban legend, faits divers, picture, physiology, and tableaux, thus completing the urban studies with the literary methodology. In addition, the forms described by the author are characterized by high artistic and folkloristic qualities.

The publication of Germaine Greer’s The Change: Women, Aging and the Menopause presents a manifesto for women’s emancipation and their imminent embarkment on the avenue of freedom towards the liberation from the male gaze. In a similar vein, Edna O’Brien, a pioneer of the literary treatment of female agency and sexuality in the Irish literary canon, moves past the age when women enjoy visibility. Age liberates O’Brien from her entrapment in the public persona and her anxious relationship with the public opinion. It has the power to enhance the possibility of women’s difference. Nowadays, the commitment to women’s cause, the inherent element of O’Brien’s narratives, continues to mark out the uncompromising discourse of transgression of the standard as well as her vigilant condemnation of violence against women. In time, O’Brien has become both a foremother author and a legend. She has embraced her unrepressed femininity and the personification of a female sage that Irish women writers have long lacked and may thus represent a role model for authors who wish to transgress the discriminatory standards and defend the female voice.

Saladin is one of the most contested personalities of the history of the medieval Near East. Studies on his life are legion—whether devoted specifically to him or contextualizing his career. To som...

The combination of academic research with popular culture and local lore is a powerful driver of efforts to locate significant shipwrecks and to sustain interest in their subsequent recovery, conservation, and exhibition. The Queen Anne’s Revenge Project is an exemplar of this. Blackbeard’s flamboyant reputation made him a staple of pirate literature and strongly influenced the art of Howard Pyle and other artists, whose work became the basis for the twentieth-century popular perspective of pirates and piracy, especially in films. Hollywood also succumbed to the Blackbeard legend, enough even to prompt production of multiple movies about him. Hundreds of contributions by scholars and more popular writers have enriched the literature of Blackbeard and his flagship with books, articles, and presentations. Artists and illustrators have found subjects in the man, the ship, and the artifacts themselves. Blackbeard and Queen Anne’s Revenge appear in documentaries, docudramas, and feature films, and as toys, plastic kits, and even Lego sets. Businesses, from carwashes to subdivisions, have adopted their names. The tourism industry additionally exploits Blackbeard with T-shirts, baseball caps, flags and banners, playing cards, and other souvenirs, including figurines, key chains, bumper stickers, and similar bric-a-brac. This lore, most importantly, also draws millions of visitors to exhibitions of the conserved artifacts from the Queen Anne’s Revenge site staged around the country (and overseas) The success of these exhibitions, allying popular culture, local lore, and academic rigor, clearly demonstrates that the general public can find archaeology exciting and, therefore, worthy of support.

This article explores the historical context, inspirations, and legacy of Paul McCartney's 1968 White Album song, “Blackbird.” We discover heretofore unexplored connections to the 1926 pop standard, “Bye Bye Blackbird,” as well as the potential for the Beatles' song to house a civil rights message, the nest McCartney tries to build for “Blackbird” in this century. To appreciate the song's availability for civil rights solidarity, we consider Billy Preston, whose cover aligns “Blackbird” with African American culture during the decades in which McCartney was not telling his “Blackbird” legend. Preston's gospel-infused cover, along with his own bird imagery in “Will It Go Round in Circles,” point toward the theme of flight-as-liberation in African American arts. This bird-theme is also exemplified by the folk ballad “Grey Goose,” famously performed and recorded by Lead Belly, a formative influence on the so-called British Invasion rockers. These connections reveal a thematic and political depth to “Blackbird,” illustrating the song's indebtedness to African American music and other arts.

The paper presents the most important and the most interesting Polish films of 2019. The text covers titles such as: Corpus Christi, Icarus. The Legend of Mietek Kosz, (Nie)znajomi, Mr Jones, Politics, Their Lucky Stars, Spoor, and Playing Hard. The author presents particular films from a point of view interesting for foreigners – people learning Polish as a foreign language and interested in Polish culture.

This study examines Pride of the Yankees and Brian’s Song, two biographical sports films tracing the stories of baseball legend Lou Gehrig and 1960s back up NFL running back Brian Piccolo. The pape...

The work is dedicated to the 75th anniversary of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War, the contribution of Siberian science and industry to our Victory.The activities of the great scientist, who worked for a long time in the Kemerovo region, at the Siberian Metallurgical Institute (now Siberian State Industrial University, Siberian State Industrial University, Novokuznetsk) are considered. Yuri Vyacheslavovich Grdina, truly — the king of rails, a man of legend.In 2021, the 120th anniversary of the birth of the great scientist will be celebrated. The railway network of Russia is woven from its rails.Reflected not only the professional activities of Grdina — a scientist, but also revealed his multifaceted personality as a creative person who was fond of painting, photography, boating, chess, literature.

Esta comunicação visa apresentar uma tradução comentada da correspondência entre Francisco de Arruda Furtado (1854-1887) e Charles Darwin (1809-1882) originalmente em francês e inglês. Também apresento aqui um transcrito traduzido parcial de cartas ainda não publicadas entre Darwin e Joseph Dalton Hooker (1817-1911) que mencionam Furtado. Academicamente essas cartas fornecem um recorte sobre o ofício do naturalista no século XIX, sobre a importância das ilhas oceânicas, neste caso os Açores, como laboratórios e estações de trabalho e sobre a vasta rede de contatos postal pela qual os naturalistas se comunicavam. Para além disso, as cartas mostram uma relação inspiradora entre um naturalista açoriano iniciante e seu ídolo quarenta e cinco anos mais velho e uma lenda viva da ciência.

Hong Kong Theatre director Edward Lam has established close association with an ensemble of Taiwanese actors, collaborating on almost every production since Madame Bovary is Me (Baofali furen men, 2006) and touring to Taiwan, Hong Kong and Mainland China. This article examines Lam’s unique working pattern through the analysis of Art School Musical (Successors to Liang and Zhu, Liang Zhu de jichengzhe men, 2014), the 54th production by the Edward Lam Dance Theatre (ELDT). Inspired by the famous Chinese legend The Butterfly Lovers (Liang Shanbo yu Zhu Yingtai), Lam created a postdramatic musical as a Bildungsroman in a format of classroom drama. The love story underwent a poetic transformation through the lyrics and music. The ELDT version of the Liang-Zhu legend carries Lam’s criticism of the stereotypes assigned to young people in patriarchal societies and allows him to elevate the love story into an allegory of one’s quest for the meaning of life.

Dr James F Drane is a living legend in the field of Bioethics. In 2002, he was named one of the Founders of the Discipline of Bioethics at the International Bioethics Conference in Brasilia, Brazil. It was a privilege to meet Dr Drane at Edinboro University Pennsylvania and uncover his journey as a pioneer and leader in this field.

El artículo resume un estudio sobre el significado y la tradición de un relato mítico, realizado desde una perspectiva sincrónica ( mediante el análisis de cuarenta versiones europeas de la misma leyenda) y diacrónica (observando las diferentes «manipulaciones» de que ha sido objeto a lo largo de su historia). Se trata de un relato medieval, perteneciente al ciclo mítico de Melusina, cuyos sucesivos héroes son Diego López e Íñiguez Guerra, señores de Vizcaya cuarto y quinto, según la genealogía de los Haro contenida en el título IX del Livro de linhagens, compuesto entre 1340 y 1344 por Pedro de Barcelos .

In ancient Sumer the Moon god, Nanna, was the patron deity for the city of Ur. In this article data are presented showing how the city of Ur was astronomically aligned to the Moon. Assessments are made using satellite imagery in combination with early maps and aerial photographs. Also shown is how the geographic location of Ur relative to Nippur may be related to the Moon’s 18.6-year nodal cycle. It is also shown how lunar calendric data are likely embedded in an ancient legend that tells of the Moon god’s journey from Ur to Nippur. Together these and other lines of evidence demonstrate how one of the world’s oldest cities was shaped through its entanglement with the gods – and in particular, the Moon god Nanna. Open Access Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives: CC BY-NC-ND

Harlem and Atlanta evoke similar spatial representations in the popular imagination. Harlem, the original Black Mecca of the United States, has existed as a contradictory place of Black normalcy an...

Prof. C. R. Rao’s Birth Centenary is being celebrated by statistical communities all over the world from 10 September 2019. In this paper, we shall present a brief biographical sketch of the living legend C. R. Rao and discuss some of his contributions in the areas of theory and practice of sample surveys which have resulted in certain important aspects.

he article analyzes the image of the Black Hundreders in F. Sologub’s novel “The created legend”. This is a symbolist novel, so the characters and events in it are symbolic. The author reveals that with more careful reading, one can see that each character symbolizes one of the many views of history, revolution and future of Russia.

The paper is devoted to the study of how women’s life strategies of representatives of the artistic bohemian circles in Paris from the time of the “Belle Epoque” were reflected in photographs, postcards, and “business cards” of the late XIX — early XX centuries. The analysis of photos and memoires of Cleo de Merode, Liana de Pougy, Belle Otero and Sarah Bernhardt have shown that the art of photography became one of the main tools for the implementation of such women life strategies as the myth-creating strategy (creating and disseminating one’s own legend); the competition strategy; strategy of self-realization and self-promotion in France and abroad.

Are we in the midst of a pop music revolution? The outpouring of pieces reflecting on the Scottish avant-garde pop legend and openly transgender woman SOPHIE and her artistic influence after her un...

Series Editor's Foreword Introduction Dudley Jones and Tom Watkins Strange Pilgrimages: Cinderella Was a Trickster--and Other Unorthodoxes of American and African-American Heroic Folk Figures Nina Mikkelsen Rides of passage:FEmale Heroes in Pony Stories Alison Hayminds Girls' Own Stories: Good Citizenship and Girls in British Postwar Popular Culture Deborah Phillips More Than Crime on Her Mind: Nancy Drew as Woman Hero Linda K. Christian-Smith Reconstructing Robin Hood:Ideology, Popular Film, and Television Dudley Jones Biggles--Hero of the Air Dennis Butts Piloting the Nation: Dan Dare amd the 1950s Tony Watkins Golden Boys and Golden Memories:Fiction, Ideology, and Reality in Roy of the Rovers and the Death of the Hero Alan Tomlinson and Christopher Young Heroins of the Empire: British Imperialism and the Reproduction of Femininity in Girls' Fiction, 1900-1930 J.S. Bratton "Get Ready for Action!" Reading Action Man Toys , Johnathan Bignell Spider-Man: An Enduring legend C.M. Stephens Children and Popular Culture:The Case of Turtle Power David Lusted Peter Pan: Flawed or Fledgling "Hero" Chris Routh Dahl, the Marvellous Boy Catriona Nicholson Visionary Children and Child-like Heoes: Steven Speilberg's "Primal Sympathy" Douglas Brode Unbronzing the Aussie: Heroes and SNAGs in Fiction and Television for Australian Adolescents Robyn McCallum and John Stephens Producing the National Imaginary: Doctor Who, Text and Genre John Tulloch Contributors Index