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Eristalinus megacephalus (Rossi, 1794) (Fig. 18) Syrphus megacephalus Rossi, 1794: 63 Examined specimens. 1♀, Al-Riyadh, Al Aziziyah, 20.iv.1980, sweeping, A. Talhouk (KSMA); 2♂, 2♀, same locality but 28.iv.1980 (KSMA); 2♂, 3♀, same locality but 20.ii.1980 (KSMA); 1♂, 3♀, same locality but 15.x.1984 (KSMA); 3♂, 3♀, same locality but 14.xi.1984 (KSMA); 2♂, 3♀, same locality but 30.iv.1982 (KSMA); 2♂, 2♀, same locality but 8.i.1985 (KSMA); 1♂, 1♀, same locality but 15.ii.1981 (KSMA); 1♀, same locality but 16.v.1977 (KSMA); 1♂, same locality but 21.ix.1977 (KSMA); 1♀, same locality but 20.ix.1980 (KSMA); 1♂, same locality but 16.vi.1977, El-Taher (KSMA); 1♀, same locality but 20.ii.1980 (KSMA); 1♀, same locality but 20.ii.1980, A. Madi (KSMA); 1♂, 2♀, same locality but 15.ii.1981, A. Talhouk & S. Tilkian (KSMA); 1♂, 1♀, same locality but 16.v.1977 (KSMA); 1♂, same locality but 2.v.1981 (KSMA); 1♂, 1♀, same locality but 20.ix. 1980, R. Abu-Zoherah (KSMA); 1♀, same locality but 16.v.1977 (KSMA); 1♂, 1♀, same locality but 15.ii.1981 (KSMA); 1♂, same locality but 18.i.1976, clover, Al Ahmady (KSMA); 2♀, same locality but 10.v.2007 (KSMA); 2♂, 3♀, Al Kharj, 80km. S. Al-Riyadh, 28.x.1980, A. Talhouk & S. Tilkian (KSMA); 1♂, Al-Riyadh, Dirab, Educaton Farm of King Saud University, 24.ii.1987, Amr (KSMA). Distribution. Smit et al. (2017: 578) stated that the material relating to E. megacephalus which is recorded by Walker & Pittaway (1987) from Kuwait and Saudi Arabia is in fact E. tabanoides. Therefore, this is the first correct record from Saudi Arabia. It was described from Italy and further recorded from the Afrotropical Region: South Africa, United Arab Emirates and Yemen; Palaearctic Region: southern Spain, Rhone delta in France and coastal parts of Italy round the Mediterranean basin (including islands, e.g. Corsica, Malta, Sicily, Crete) to Turkey and on into Algeria, Egypt, Iran and Kuwait (Dirickx 1984; Whittington 2003; Naderloo et al. 2011; Sengupta et al. 2016; Smit et al. 2017; Speight 2020; Mebarkia et al. 2020). Remarks. The larvae and puparia of E. megacephalus were described by Pérez-Bañóni et al. (2003b) for the first time, including new morphological characters of the thoracic respiratory process. E. megacephalus is a fast flying species around tall waterside vegetation and it prefers open ground and freshwater; canal and riverside situations in open country; and coastal lagoons (Speight 2020)., Published as part of Dawah, Hassan A., Abdullah, Mohammed A., Ahmad, Syed Kamran, Al-Dhafer, Hathal & Turner, James, 2020, An overview of the Syrphidae (Diptera) of Saudi Arabia, pp. 1-69 in Zootaxa 4855 (1) on pages 19-22, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4855.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4411181, {"references":["Rossi, P. (1794) Mantissa Insectorumexhinens species nuper in Etruria collectas. 2. Adiectis Faunae Etruscae illustrationibus ac emendationibus. Ex typ. Polloni, Pisis (Pisa), 154 pp.","Scopoli, J. A. (1763) Entomologia carniolica exhibens insect carnioliae indigena et distributa in ordines, genera, species, varietates. Methodo Linnaeana. Trattner, Vindobonae (Vienna), [30] + 420 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 119976","Smit, J. T., van Harten, A. & Ketelaar, R. (2017) Order Diptera, family Syrphidae the hoverflies of the Arabian Peninsula. In: van Harten, A. (Eds.), Arthropod fauna of the UAE. Vol. 6. Department of the President's Affairs, Abu Dhabi, pp. 572 - 612.","Walker, D. H. & Pittaway, A. R. (1987) Insects of Eastern Arabia. Textbook. published by Macmillan Publishers Ltd., London, 175 pp.","Whittington, A. E. (2003) The Afrotropical Syrphidae fauna: an assessment. Studia dipterologica, 10 (2), 579 - 607.","Naderloo, M., Pashaei, S. & Taghaddosi, M. V. (2011) Faunistic study on hover flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) in the eastern part of Zanjan province, Iran. Journal of Entomological Research, 4 (4), 313 - 323.","Sengupta, J., Naskar, A., Maity, A., Hazra, S., Mukhopadhyay, E., Banerjee, D. & Ghosh, S. (2016) An updated distributional account of Indian Hover flies (insect: Diptera: Syrphidae). Journal of Entomology and Zoology, 4 (6), 381 - 396.","Speight, M. C. D. (2020) Species accounts of European Syrphidae (Diptera), 2020. Syrph the Net, the database of European Syrphidae (Diptera). Vol. 104. Syrph the Net publications, Dublin, 313 pp.","Mebarkia, N., Neffar, S., Djellab, S., Ricarte, A. & Chenchouni, H. (2020) New records, distribution and phynology of hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) in semi-ared habitats in northeastern Algeria. Oriental Insects. [published online] https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00305316.2020.1749906","Jaennicke, F. (1867) Neue exotische Dipteren. Abhandlungen herausgestellt von der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, Frankfurt, 6, 311 - 407."]}

Eristalinus (Lathyrophthalmus) megacephalus (Rossi, 1794) Syrphus megacephalus Rossi, 1794: 63. Type locality: Italy (Toscana [as "Etruria"]). Eristalis laetus Wiedemann, 1830: 192. Type locality: China. Eristalis fasciatus Meigen, 1835: 70. Type locality: Germany (Bavaria: Munchen region). Eristalis fasciatus Meigen, 1838: 143. Type locality: Germany (Bavaria). Eristalis pallinevris Macquart, 1842: 106. Type locality: India. Eristalis fasciatus Germar, 1844: pl 23. Type locality: Turkey & southern Europe. Eristalis quinquevittatus Macquart, 1849: 465. Type locality: Algeria. Eristalis quinquefasciatus Schiner, 1849: 364. Nomen nudum [South Africa]. Eristalis ridens Walker, 1849: 610. Type locality: Albania. Eristalis obscuritarsis Meijere, 1908: 250. Type locality: Indonesia (Java: Semarang); Malaya; Singapore; India. Lathyrophthalmus ishigakiensis Shiraki, 1968: 177. Type locality: Japan (Ryukyu Is., Ishigaki Is.). Material examined: 1 male, Wadi Digla, 1.II.1926, leg. Farag; 1 male, 1 female, Helwan, 2.XII.1934, leg. Shafik [EFC]; 1 male, Wadi El-Natroun, 8.VI.2017, leg. El-Hawagry [in personal collection of El-Hawagry]. World distribution: AF: Cape Verde Is., Madagascar, South Africa, UAE, Yemen. AU: Guam. OR: India, Indonesia (Java), Nepal, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Pakistan. PA: Afghanistan, Algeria, China, Egypt, Europe (southern Spain and coastal parts of Italy round the Mediterranean basin (including islands, e.g. Corsica, Malta, Sicily, Crete) to Turkey), Iran, Taiwan. Egyptian localities: Widespread in Egypt [Sources: Efflatoun (1922), Shaumar & Kamal (1978), the examined museum material and the examined material collected by the first author]. Activity period in Egypt: Throughout the year. Remarks: E. megacephalus is fairly common in Egypt, especially in the two autumn months September and October (Efflatoun 1922). It is a fast-flying species around tall waterside vegetation, and usually visits flowers of the genus Solidago (Speight 2017). The rat-tailed larvae filter bacteria from polluted water (Mahmoud et al. 1999). Many authors have recorded it under the name quinquelineatus Fabricius., Published as part of El-Hawagry, Magdi S. & Gilbert, Francis, 2019, Catalogue of the Syrphidae of Egypt (Diptera), pp. 201-248 in Zootaxa 4577 (2) on page 221, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4577.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/2629643, {"references":["Rossi, P. (1794) Mantissa Insectorum, exhibens species nuper in Etruria collectas, adjectis Faunae Etruscae illustrationibus ac emendationibus. Tomus secundus. Polloni, Pisa, 154 pp.","Wiedemann, C. R. W. (1830) Aussereuropaische zweiflugelige Insekten. Zweiter Theil. Schulz, Hamm, 684 pp.","Meigen, J. W. (1835) Neue Arten von Dipteren aus der Umgegend von Munchen, benannt und beschrieben von Meigen, aufgefunden von Dr. J. Waltl, Professor der Naturgeschichte in Passau. Faunus. Zeitschrift fur Zoologie und vergleichende Anatomie, 2, 66 - 72.","Meigen, J. W. (1838) Systematische Beschreibung der bekannten europaischen zweiflugeligen Insekten. Siebenter Theil oder Supplementband. Schultz, Hamm, XII + 434 pp.","Macquart, P. J. M. (1842) Dipteres exotiques nouveaux ou peu connus. Tome deuxieme. - 2 e partie. Memoires de la Societe Royale des Sciences de l'Agriculture et des Arts, Lille, 1, 65 - 200.","Germar, E. F. (1844) Fauna Insectorum Europae. Fasciculus XXIII. C. A. Kummelii, Halae, 25 pls.","Macquart, P. J. M. (1849) Huitieme ordre. Les Dipteres. In: Lucas, P. H. (Ed.), Exploration scientifique de l'Algerie pendant les annees 1840, 1841, 1842. Sciences physiques, Zoologie III. Histoire naturelle des animaux articules. Troisieme partie. Insectes. Bertrand, Paris, pp. 1 - 527.","Walker, F. (1849) List of the Specimens of Dipterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum. Part III. British Museum, London, 1 + 203 pp. [pp. (3) + 485 - 687]","Shiraki, T. (1968) Syrphidae (Insecta). Fauna Japonica, 2, 1 - 243.","Efflatoun, H. C. (1922) A Monograph of Egyptian Diptera. (Part I. Fam. Syrphidae). Memoires de la Societe Entomologique d'Egypte, 2, 1 - 123.","Shaumar, N. & Kamal, S. (1978) The Syrphidae of Egypt. Bulletin Mensuel de la Societe Linneenne de Lyon, 47, 79 - 84. https: // doi. org / 10.3406 / linly. 1978.10295","Speight, M. C. D. (2017) Species accounts of European Syrphidae (Diptera). In: Speight, M. C. D., Castella, E., Sarthou, J. - P. & Vanappelghem, C. (Eds.), Syrph the Net, the database of European Syrphidae. Vol. 97. Syrph the Net Publication, Dublin, 294 pp.","Mahmoud, M., Bahgat, M., Zalat, S. & Dewedar, A. (1999) Eristalinus larvae and the role of bacteria in their feeding. Journal of the Union of Arab Biologists, 11 A (Zoology), 417 - 433."]}