8 results on '"Cosentino, Salvatore L."'
Search Results
2. Phytoremediation of Heavy Metal-Contaminated Soils Using the Perennial Energy Crops Miscanthus spp. and Arundo donax L.
- Author
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Barbosa, Bruno, Boléo, Sara, Sidella, Sarah, Costa, Jorge, Duarte, Maria Paula, Mendes, Benilde, Cosentino, Salvatore L., and Fernando, Ana Luisa
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
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3. Enzymatic hydrolysis, simultaneous saccharification and ethanol fermentation of oxalic acid pretreated giant reed (Arundo donax L.).
- Author
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Scordia, Danilo, Cosentino, Salvatore L., and Jeffries, Thomas W.
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GIANT reed , *PLANT enzymes , *ETHANOL , *FERMENTATION , *OXALIC acid , *PLANT biomass - Abstract
Highlights: [•] Giant reed biomass has been pretreated with dilute oxalic acid. [•] Enzymatic hydrolysis and SSF have been optimized through RSM. [•] Enzymatic hydrolysis showed a glucan conversion of 95%. [•] Ethanol production using Schefferomyces (Pichia) stipitis CBS 6054 reached 18gl−1. [•] Maximum theoretical ethanol yield was 75%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
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4. Dilute oxalic acid pretreatment for biorefining giant reed (Arundo donax L.)
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Scordia, Danilo, Cosentino, Salvatore L., Lee, Jae-Won, and Jeffries, Thomas W.
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OXALIC acid , *GIANT reed , *BIOMASS , *LIGNOCELLULOSE , *ETHANOL , *TEMPERATURE effect , *HEMICELLULOSE , *LIGNINS , *HYDROLYSIS - Abstract
Abstract: Biomass pretreatment is essential to overcome recalcitrance of lignocellulose for ethanol production. In the present study we pretreated giant reed (Arundo donax L.), a perennial, rhizomatous lignocellulosic grass with dilute oxalic acid. The effects of temperature (170–190 °C), acid loading (2–10% w/w) and reaction time (15–40 min) were handled as a single parameter, combined severity. We explored the change in hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin composition following pretreatment and glucan conversion after enzymatic hydrolysis of the solid residue. Two different yeast strains, Scheffersomyces (Pichia) stipitis CBS 6054, which is a native xylose and cellobiose fermenter, and Saccharomyces carlsbergensis FPL-450, which does not ferment xylose or cellobiose, were used along with commercial cellulolytic enzymes in simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF). S. carlsbergensis attained a maximum ethanol concentration of 15.9 g/l after 48 h at pH 5.0, while S. stipitis, at the same condition, took 96 h to reach a similar ethanol value; increasing the pH to 6.0 reduced the S. stipitis lag phase and attained 18.0 g/l of ethanol within 72 h. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2011
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5. Optimizing in vitro large scale production of giant reed (Arundo donax L.) by liquid medium culture.
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Cavallaro, Valeria, Patanè, Cristina, Cosentino, Salvatore L., Di Silvestro, Isabella, and Copani, Venera
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GIANT reed , *PLANT growing media , *TISSUE culture , *BENZYLAMINOPURINE , *PLANT species , *IN vitro studies - Abstract
Tissue culture methods offer the potential for large-scale propagation of giant reed ( Arundo donax L.), a promising crop for energy biomass. In previous trials, giant reed resulted particularly suitable to in vitro culture. In this paper, with the final goal of enhancing the efficiency of in vitro production process and reducing costs, the influence of four different culture media (agar or gellan-gum solidified medium, liquid medium into a temporary immersion system-RITA ® or in a stationary state) on in vitro shoot proliferation of giant reed was evaluated. Giant reed exhibited a particular sensitivity to gelling agents during the phase of secondary shoot formation. Gellan gum, as compared to agar, improved the efficiency of in vitro culture giving more shoots with higher mean fresh and dry weight. Moreover, the cultivation of this species into a liquid medium under temporary immersion conditions or in a stationary state, was comparatively as effective as and cheaper than that into a gellan gum medium. Increasing 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) up to 4 mg l −1 also resulted in a further enhancement of secondary shoot proliferation. The good adaptability of this species to liquid medium and the high multiplication rates observed indicate the possibility to obtain from a single node at least 1200 plantlets every six multiplication cycles (about 6 months), a number 100 fold higher than that obtained yearly per plant by the conventional methods of vegetative multiplication. In open field, micropropagated plantlets guaranteed a higher number of survived plants, secondary stems and above ground biomass as compared to rhizome ones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
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6. Long-Term Yields of Switchgrass, Giant Reed, and Miscanthus in the Mediterranean Basin
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Alexopoulou, E, Zanetti, F, Scordia, D, Zegada Lizarazu, W, Christou, M, Testa, Giorgio, Cosentino, Salvatore, Monti, A., Scordia, Danilo, Alexopoulou, Efthymia, Zanetti, Federica, Scordia, Danilo, Zegada-Lizarazu, Walter, Christou, Myrsini, Testa, Giorgio, Cosentino, Salvatore L., and Monti, Andrea
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Mediterranean climate ,020209 energy ,Biomass crop ,Biomass ,Yield prediction model ,02 engineering and technology ,Mediterranean Basin ,Biofuel ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Annual percentage yield ,2. Zero hunger ,Marginal land ,Bioeconomy ,Yield prediction models ,biology ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Arundo donax ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Miscanthus ,15. Life on land ,biology.organism_classification ,Energy crop ,Agronomy ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Environmental science ,Panicum virgatum ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Energy (miscellaneous) - Abstract
Uncertainty in predictions of long-term yields of perennial grasses makes business plans untenable in the short run. Long-term data across varied environments, including marginal lands, will help in preventing uncertainty while providing farmers and entrepreneurs with sound information to estimate reliable and affordable strategies on what, where, and how long to grow perennial grasses. In the present study, the long-term yields (11 to 22years) of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), miscanthus (Miscanthus × giganteus Greef et Deuter), and giant reed (Arundo donax L.) grown in northern and southern Mediterranean environments are reported. Switchgrass was grown in Greece and northern Italy, giant reed in southern and northern Italy, and miscanthus in southern Italy. Furthermore, lowland and upland switchgrass ecotypes were compared in Greece. Despite similar biomass productions (9.8 and 10.0Mg DM ha−1 for uplands and lowlands, respectively), the upland ecotypes showed a significantly higher yield stability (CV of 24 and 32% for uplands and lowlands, respectively) over a 17-year period. Biomass yield varied considerably across years and locations; giant reed outperformed switchgrass under northern Italy environment (21.2 and 13.6Mg DM ha−1 for giant reed and switchgrass, respectively). Annual yield of switchgrass was 30% higher in the north than south Mediterranean; miscanthus showed intermediate production compared to giant reed and switchgrass (average of 22years) and a CV similar to switchgrass. In summary, these results evidence that multi-location, long-term trials are strongly needed to reduce uncertainties on crop yield variability and provide more accurate data from which optimized socio-economic and environmental predictions can be achieved.
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- 2015
7. New Insights into the Propagation Methods of Switchgrass, Miscanthus and Giant Reed
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Scordia, D, Zanetti, F, Varga, S. S., Alexopoulou, E, Cavallaro, V, Monti, A, Copani, Venera, Cosentino, Salvatore, Scordia, Danilo, Scordia, Danilo, Zanetti, Federica, Varga, Szilard Sandor, Alexopoulou, Efthymia, Cavallaro, Valeria, Monti, Andrea, Copani, Venera, and Cosentino, Salvatore L.
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Perennial plant ,Miscanthus x giganteu ,Arundo donax ,Biomass production ,Crop establishment ,Miscanthus x giganteus ,Panicum virgatum ,Perennial grasses ,Cutting ,Transplanting ,Perennial grasse ,2. Zero hunger ,biology ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,food and beverages ,Sowing ,Miscanthus ,biology.organism_classification ,Agronomy ,Shoot ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Energy (miscellaneous) - Abstract
A general obstacle to the development of perennial grasses is the relatively high cost of propagation and planting. The objective of the present study was to investigate new propagation and planting methods of giant reed (Arundo donax L.), miscanthus (Miscanthus x giganteus Greef et Deuter) and switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.). Field and open-air pot trials were carried out in four different locations across Europe: hydro-seeding of switchgrass was tested in field trials at the experimental farm of the University of Bologna, Italy; stem propagation and bud activation methods of miscanthus were evaluated in field experiments in Péteri, Hungary; giant reed rhizome and stem propagations were compared in a field trial in Aliartos, Greece; finally, an open-air pot trial was carried out in Catania, Italy, using single-node stem cuttings of giant reed. Hydro-seeding emerged as a feasible and promising technique for switchgrass to ensure prompt seed emergence and weed control during plant establishment. Direct stem plantings of miscanthus were successful, and activated stem-buds were able to sprout in field conditions; however, timely stem transplant was determinant for shoot density and biomass yield. In giant reed, rhizome propagation showed a higher stem density and biomass yield than stem propagation; however, the yield gap was not significant from the second year onwards. Single-node rooting was mainly driven by air temperature. Nodes from basal stems showed higher rooting rates than median and apical ones. Growth regulator pretreatments enhanced rooting rate only at transplanting times under suboptimal air temperatures. In general, these experiments provided insights into propagation strategies aimed at enhancing the establishment phase of perennial grasses.
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- 2015
8. What to harvest when? Autumn, winter, annual and biennial harvesting of giant reed, miscanthus and switchgrass in northern and southern Mediterranean area
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Monti, A, Zanetti, F, Scordia, D, Testa, Giorgio, Cosentino, Salvatore, Scordia, Danilo, Monti, Andrea, Zanetti, Federica, Scordia, Danilo, Testa, Giorgio, and Cosentino, Salvatore L.
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Mediterranean climate ,Perennial plant ,Biomass ,Perennial grasses, Biofuels, Land use, Bioenergy, Biomass, Marginal lands ,Marginal lands ,Bioma ,Biofuel ,Bioenergy ,Perennial grasse ,2. Zero hunger ,Perennial grasses ,Marginal land ,biology ,Arundo donax ,Miscanthus ,15. Life on land ,biology.organism_classification ,Biofuels ,Land use ,Productivity (ecology) ,Agronomy ,Panicum virgatum ,Environmental science ,Agronomy and Crop Science - Abstract
Side by side biomass productivities, harvesting time (autumn vs. winter) and frequency (annual vs. biennial) of three perennial grasses were compared under northern and southern Mediterranean climates. Miscanthus ( Miscanthus × giganteus Greef et Deu.) was compared to giant reed ( Arundo donax L.) in Catania (37°24′N, 15°03′E), and to switchgrass ( Panicum virgatum L.) in Bologna (44°55'N, 11°45′E). Generally, giant reed produced about 50% higher biomass than miscanthus in Catania. Miscanthus almost halved biomass productivity in the driest year, while giant reed reduced biomass yield by only 30% under the same conditions. In Bologna, miscanthus and switchgrass produced similar amounts of cumulative biomass over 6 years. Switchgrass kept more stable annual yields than miscanthus, which, however, evidenced a higher potential under favorable climate conditions. Autumn harvest significantly reduced biomass productivity and quality (moisture content, ashes, cellulose and hemicellulose), particularly under South Mediterranean climate. In Catania, autumn biomass was 50% (giant reed) to 85% (miscanthus) lower than winter biomass, while in Bologna, autumn cut reduced switchgrass yield by 20%. Biennial harvesting resulted in almost 40% lower cumulative biomass yield than annual cut, after 6 years.
- Published
- 2015
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