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1. Creatine Kinase Is Decreased in Childhood Asthma.

Author: Guerra S, Ledford JG, Melén E, Lavi I, Carsin AE, Stern DA, Zhai J, Vidal M, Bustamante M, Addison KJ, Vallecillo RG, Billheimer D, Koppelman GH, Garcia-Aymerich J, Lemonnier N, Fitó M, Dobaño C, Kebede Merid S, Kull I, McEachan RRC, Wright J, Chatzi L, Kogevinas M, Porta D, Narduzzi S, Ballester F, Esplugues A, Zabaleta C, Irizar A, Sunyer J, Halonen M, Bousquet J, Martinez FD, and Anto JM
Subjects: Mice, Animals, Child, Humans, Creatine Kinase metabolism, Cross-Sectional Studies, Lung metabolism, Pyroglyphidae, Mucins metabolism, Disease Models, Animal, Asthma metabolism, Respiratory Hypersensitivity complications
Abstract: Rationale: The identification of novel molecules associated with asthma may provide insights into the mechanisms of disease and their potential clinical implications. Objectives: To conduct a screening of circulating proteins in childhood asthma and to study proteins that emerged from human studies in a mouse model of asthma. Methods: We included 2,264 children from eight birth cohorts from the Mechanisms of the Development of ALLergy project and the Tucson Children's Respiratory Study. In cross-sectional analyses, we tested 46 circulating proteins for association with asthma in the selection stage and carried significant signals forward to a validation and replication stage. As CK (creatine kinase) was the only protein consistently associated with asthma, we also compared whole blood CK gene expression between subjects with and without asthma ( n = 249) and used a house dust mite (HDM)-challenged mouse model to gain insights into CK lung expression and its role in the resolution of asthma phenotypes. Measurements and Main Results: As compared with the lowest CK tertile, children in the highest tertile had significantly lower odds for asthma in selection (adjusted odds ratio, 95% confidence interval: 0.31; 0.15-0.65; P = 0.002), validation (0.63; 0.42-0.95; P = 0.03), and replication (0.40; 0.16-0.97; P = 0.04) stages. Both cytosolic CK forms ( CKM and CKB ) were underexpressed in blood from asthmatics compared with control subjects ( P = 0.01 and 0.006, respectively). In the lungs of HDM-challenged mice, Ckb expression was reduced, and after the HDM challenge, a CKB inhibitor blocked the resolution of airway hyperresponsiveness and reduction of airway mucin. Conclusions: Circulating concentrations and gene expression of CK are inversely associated with childhood asthma. Mouse models support a possible direct involvement of CK in asthma protection via inhibition of airway hyperresponsiveness and reduction of airway mucin.
Published: 2023
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2. Modifiable environmental factors predispose term infants to bronchiolitis but bronchiolitis itself predisposes to respiratory sequelae.

Author: Frassanito A, Nenna R, Arima S, Petrarca L, Pierangeli A, Scagnolari C, Di Mattia G, Mancino E, Matera L, Porta D, Rusconi F, and Midulla F
Subjects: Child, Preschool, Disease Progression, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Infant, Prospective Studies, Respiratory Sounds etiology, Risk Factors, Asthma complications, Asthma etiology, Bronchiolitis complications, Bronchiolitis etiology, Tobacco Smoke Pollution adverse effects
Abstract: Introduction: Viral bronchiolitis is a common lower respiratory tract infection in infants. Environmental and genetic factors can favor respiratory tract infections., Aim: The aim of this study is to analyze risk factors for bronchiolitis and to investigate the predisposing factors for developing transient wheezing and asthma through a 6-year follow-up after hospitalization for bronchiolitis compared with a group of healthy controls that belonged to Piccolipiù cohort, who never had bronchiolitis., Methods: We enrolled 645 infants hospitalized with bronchiolitis. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain demographic and clinical data. At 6 years of age, 370 cases and 183 controls were investigated for the presence of asthma by the structured questionnaire, for prick test and for spirometry, and were classified to asthmatic, transient wheezing, and no wheezing/no asthma., Results: Breastfeeding was an independent protective factor (odds ratio [OR]: 0.3, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.2-0.4, p < 0.001) and tobacco smoke was a risk factor for the development of bronchiolitis (OR: 2.1, 95% CI: 1.4-3.1, p < 0.001). Analyzing follow-up, bronchiolitis increased the risk of developing transient wheezing by 12.9 (95% CI: 6.3-26.1, p < 0.001) and of developing asthma by 4.6 (95% CI: 1.9-10.7, p < 0.001). A positive family history of atopy increased the risk of developing asthma by 3.1 (95% CI: 1.4-6.7, p = 0.005). Asthmatic patients had a lower % FEV1, a lower % flow-volume curve (FVC), and a lower FEV1/FVC value, and they had more frequently positive skin prick test., Conclusion: Bronchiolitis is influenced by environmental factors: tobacco smoke increases its risk and breastfeeding is a protective factor. At the end of 6 years of follow-up, bronchiolitis is a significant risk factor to have pre-school wheezing and asthma., (© 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)
Published: 2022
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3. Shared DNA methylation signatures in childhood allergy: The MeDALL study.

Author: Xu CJ, Gruzieva O, Qi C, Esplugues A, Gehring U, Bergström A, Mason D, Chatzi L, Porta D, Lodrup Carlsen KC, Baïz N, Madore AM, Alenius H, van Rijkom B, Jankipersadsing SA, van der Vlies P, Kull I, van Hage M, Bustamante M, Lertxundi A, Torrent M, Santorelli G, Fantini MP, Hovland V, Pesce G, Fyhrquist N, Laatikainen T, Nawijn MC, Li Y, Wijmenga C, Netea MG, Bousquet J, Anto JM, Laprise C, Haahtela T, Annesi-Maesano I, Carlsen KH, Gori D, Kogevinas M, Wright J, Söderhäll C, Vonk JM, Sunyer J, Melén E, and Koppelman GH
Subjects: Adolescent, Child, Child, Preschool, Cohort Studies, Cross-Sectional Studies, DNA Methylation, Epigenesis, Genetic, Female, Humans, Immunoglobulin E metabolism, Male, Transcriptome, Asthma genetics, CpG Islands genetics, Eczema genetics, Hypersensitivity genetics, Rhinitis, Allergic genetics
Abstract: Background: Differential DNA methylation associated with allergy might provide novel insights into the shared or unique etiology of asthma, rhinitis, and eczema., Objective: We sought to identify DNA methylation profiles associated with childhood allergy., Methods: Within the European Mechanisms of the Development of Allergy (MeDALL) consortium, we performed an epigenome-wide association study of whole blood DNA methylation by using a cross-sectional design. Allergy was defined as having symptoms from at least 1 allergic disease (asthma, rhinitis, or eczema) and positive serum-specific IgE to common aeroallergens. The discovery study included 219 case patients and 417 controls at age 4 years and 228 case patients and 593 controls at age 8 years from 3 birth cohorts, with replication analyses in 325 case patients and 1111 controls. We performed additional analyses on 21 replicated sites in 785 case patients and 2124 controls by allergic symptoms only from 8 cohorts, 3 of which were not previously included in analyses., Results: We identified 80 differentially methylated CpG sites that showed a 1% to 3% methylation difference in the discovery phase, of which 21 (including 5 novel CpG sites) passed genome-wide significance after meta-analysis. All 21 CpG sites were also significantly differentially methylated with allergic symptoms and shared between asthma, rhinitis, and eczema. The 21 CpG sites mapped to relevant genes, including ACOT7, LMAN3, and CLDN23. All 21 CpG sties were differently methylated in asthma in isolated eosinophils, and 10 were replicated in respiratory epithelium., Conclusion: Reduced whole blood DNA methylation at 21 CpG sites was significantly associated with childhood allergy. The findings provide novel insights into the shared molecular mechanisms underlying asthma, rhinitis, and eczema., (Copyright © 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2021
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4. Associations between air pollution and pediatric eczema, rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma: A meta-analysis of European birth cohorts.

Author: Fuertes E, Sunyer J, Gehring U, Porta D, Forastiere F, Cesaroni G, Vrijheid M, Guxens M, Annesi-Maesano I, Slama R, Maier D, Kogevinas M, Bousquet J, Chatzi L, Lertxundi A, Basterrechea M, Esplugues A, Ferrero A, Wright J, Mason D, McEachan R, Garcia-Aymerich J, and Jacquemin B
Subjects: Child, Cross-Sectional Studies, Environmental Exposure, Europe epidemiology, Humans, Particulate Matter, Air Pollutants toxicity, Air Pollution, Asthma, Conjunctivitis epidemiology, Eczema epidemiology, Rhinitis epidemiology
Abstract: Background: Uncertainly continues to exist regarding the role of air pollution on pediatric asthma and allergic conditions, especially as air pollution levels have started to decrease in recent decades., Objective: We examined associations of long-term air pollution levels at the home address with pediatric eczema, rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma prevalences in five birth cohorts (BIB, EDEN, GASPII, RHEA and INMA) from seven areas in five European countries., Methods: Current eczema, rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma were assessed in children aged four (N = 6527) and eight years (N = 2489). A multi-morbidity outcome (≥2 conditions versus none) was also defined. Individual outdoor levels of nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), nitrogen oxides, mass of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter <10 μm (PM 10 ), 10-2.5 μm (PM coarse ) and <2.5 μm (PM 2.5 ), and PM 2.5 absorbance were assigned to the birth, four- and eight-year home addresses using highly defined spatial air pollution exposure models. Cohort-specific cross-sectional associations were assessed using logistic regression models adjusted for demographic and environmental covariates and combined in a random effects meta-analysis., Results: The overall prevalence of pediatric eczema, rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma at four years was 15.4%, 5.9% and 12.4%. We found no increase in the prevalence of these outcomes at four or eight years with increasing air pollution exposure. For example, the meta-analysis adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for eczema, rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma at four years were 0.94 (0.81, 1.09), 0.90 (0.75, 1.09), and 0.91 (0.74, 1.11), respectively, per 10 μg/m 3 increase in NO 2 at the birth address, and 1.00 (0.81, 1.23), 0.70 (0.49, 1.00) and 0.88 (0.54, 1.45), respectively, per 5 μg/m 3 increase in PM 2.5 at the birth address., Discussion: In this large meta-analysis of five birth cohorts, we found no indication of adverse effects of long-term air pollution exposure on the prevalence of current pediatric eczema, rhinoconjunctivitis or asthma., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare they have no actual or potential competing financial interests., (Copyright © 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2020
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5. Integrating Clinical and Epidemiologic Data on Allergic Diseases Across Birth Cohorts: A Harmonization Study in the Mechanisms of the Development of Allergy Project.

Author: Benet M, Albang R, Pinart M, Hohmann C, Tischer CG, Annesi-Maesano I, Baïz N, Bindslev-Jensen C, Lødrup Carlsen KC, Carlsen KH, Cirugeda L, Eller E, Fantini MP, Gehring U, Gerhard B, Gori D, Hallner E, Kull I, Lenzi J, McEachan R, Minina E, Momas I, Narduzzi S, Petherick ES, Porta D, Rancière F, Standl M, Torrent M, Wijga AH, Wright J, Kogevinas M, Guerra S, Sunyer J, Keil T, Bousquet J, Maier D, Anto JM, and Garcia-Aymerich J
Subjects: Child, Child, Preschool, Europe epidemiology, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Pregnancy, Asthma epidemiology, Cohort Studies, Hypersensitivity epidemiology, Research Design standards
Abstract: The numbers of international collaborations among birth cohort studies designed to better understand asthma and allergies have increased in the last several years. However, differences in definitions and methods preclude direct pooling of original data on individual participants. As part of the Mechanisms of the Development of Allergy (MeDALL) Project, we harmonized data from 14 birth cohort studies (each with 3-20 follow-up periods) carried out in 9 European countries during 1990-1998 or 2003-2009. The harmonization process followed 6 steps: 1) organization of the harmonization panel; 2) identification of variables relevant to MeDALL objectives (candidate variables); 3) proposal of a definition for each candidate variable (reference definition); 4) assessment of the compatibility of each cohort variable with its reference definition (inferential equivalence) and classification of this inferential equivalence as complete, partial, or impossible; 5) convocation of a workshop to agree on the reference definitions and classifications of inferential equivalence; and 6) preparation and delivery of data through a knowledge management portal. We agreed on 137 reference definitions. The inferential equivalence of 3,551 cohort variables to their corresponding reference definitions was classified as complete, partial, and impossible for 70%, 15%, and 15% of the variables, respectively. A harmonized database was delivered to MeDALL investigators. In asthma and allergy birth cohorts, the harmonization of data for pooled analyses is feasible, and high inferential comparability may be achieved. The MeDALL harmonization approach can be used in other collaborative projects.
Published: 2019
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6. Does early onset asthma increase childhood obesity risk? A pooled analysis of 16 European cohorts.

Author: Contreras ZA, Chen Z, Roumeliotaki T, Annesi-Maesano I, Baïz N, von Berg A, Bergström A, Crozier S, Duijts L, Ekström S, Eller E, Fantini MP, Kjaer HF, Forastiere F, Gerhard B, Gori D, Harskamp-van Ginkel MW, Heinrich J, Iñiguez C, Inskip H, Keil T, Kogevinas M, Lau S, Lehmann I, Maier D, van Meel ER, Mommers M, Murcia M, Porta D, Smit HA, Standl M, Stratakis N, Sunyer J, Thijs C, Torrent M, Vrijkotte TGM, Wijga AH, Berhane K, Gilliland F, and Chatzi L
Subjects: Age of Onset, Child, Child, Preschool, Cohort Studies, Europe epidemiology, Female, Humans, Male, Phenotype, Respiratory Sounds physiopathology, Rhinitis, Allergic epidemiology, Risk Factors, Asthma diagnosis, Asthma epidemiology, Pediatric Obesity epidemiology, Respiratory Sounds diagnosis
Abstract: The parallel epidemics of childhood asthma and obesity over the past few decades have spurred research into obesity as a risk factor for asthma. However, little is known regarding the role of asthma in obesity incidence. We examined whether early-onset asthma and related phenotypes are associated with the risk of developing obesity in childhood.This study includes 21 130 children born from 1990 to 2008 in Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, The Netherlands, Spain, Sweden and the UK. We followed non-obese children at 3-4 years of age for incident obesity up to 8 years of age. Physician-diagnosed asthma, wheezing and allergic rhinitis were assessed up to 3-4 years of age.Children with physician-diagnosed asthma had a higher risk for incident obesity than those without asthma (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 1.66, 95% CI 1.18-2.33). Children with active asthma (wheeze in the last 12 months and physician-diagnosed asthma) exhibited a higher risk for obesity (aHR 1.98, 95% CI 1.31-3.00) than those without wheeze and asthma. Persistent wheezing was associated with increased risk for incident obesity compared to never wheezers (aHR 1.51, 95% CI 1.08-2.09).Early-onset asthma and wheezing may contribute to an increased risk of developing obesity in later childhood., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest: L. Duijts reports grants from European Union's Horizon 2020 co-funded programme ERA-Net on Biomarkers for Nutrition and Health (ERA HDHL) (the ALPHABET project (number 696295; 2017) and ZonMW The Netherlands (number 529051014; 2017)) and grants from the European Union's Horizon 2020 programme (the LIFECYCLE project, grant agreement number 733206; 2016), during the conduct of the study. Conflict of interest: B. Gerhard reports grants from the EU FP7, during the conduct of the study. Conflict of interest: H. Inskip reports grants (salary) from the UK Medical Research Council, grants from the British Heart Foundation, the UK Food Standards Agency, the British Lung Foundation, Arthritis Research UK, the NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre and the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013, project EarlyNutrition under grant agreement number 289346), during the conduct of the study; and members of H. Inskip's team have received funding from Nestec, Abbott Nutrition and Danone Nutricia for various projects to which she is linked, but she has received no direct funding herself. Conflict of interest: S. Lau reports grants and personal fees (honoraria) from Symbiopharm and Allergopharma, personal fees (honoraria) and non-financial support (advisory board work) from DBV, personal fees from ALK, and non-financial support (advisory board work) from Boehringer and Merck, outside the submitted work. Conflict of interest: D. Maier reports grants from the European Commission (FP7 MeDALL, 261357), during the conduct of the study., (Copyright ©ERS 2018.)
Published: 2018
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7. DNA methylation in childhood asthma: an epigenome-wide meta-analysis.

Author: Xu CJ, Söderhäll C, Bustamante M, Baïz N, Gruzieva O, Gehring U, Mason D, Chatzi L, Basterrechea M, Llop S, Torrent M, Forastiere F, Fantini MP, Carlsen KCL, Haahtela T, Morin A, Kerkhof M, Merid SK, van Rijkom B, Jankipersadsing SA, Bonder MJ, Ballereau S, Vermeulen CJ, Aguirre-Gamboa R, de Jongste JC, Smit HA, Kumar A, Pershagen G, Guerra S, Garcia-Aymerich J, Greco D, Reinius L, McEachan RRC, Azad R, Hovland V, Mowinckel P, Alenius H, Fyhrquist N, Lemonnier N, Pellet J, Auffray C, van der Vlies P, van Diemen CC, Li Y, Wijmenga C, Netea MG, Moffatt MF, Cookson WOCM, Anto JM, Bousquet J, Laatikainen T, Laprise C, Carlsen KH, Gori D, Porta D, Iñiguez C, Bilbao JR, Kogevinas M, Wright J, Brunekreef B, Kere J, Nawijn MC, Annesi-Maesano I, Sunyer J, Melén E, and Koppelman GH
Subjects: Asthma blood, Child, Child, Preschool, DNA blood, Female, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Male, T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic, Asthma genetics, CpG Islands, DNA Methylation, Eosinophils immunology, Epigenesis, Genetic
Abstract: Background: DNA methylation profiles associated with childhood asthma might provide novel insights into disease pathogenesis. We did an epigenome-wide association study to assess methylation profiles associated with childhood asthma., Methods: We did a large-scale epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) within the Mechanisms of the Development of ALLergy (MeDALL) project. We examined epigenome-wide methylation using Illumina Infinium Human Methylation450 BeadChips (450K) in whole blood in 207 children with asthma and 610 controls at age 4-5 years, and 185 children with asthma and 546 controls at age 8 years using a cross-sectional case-control design. After identification of differentially methylated CpG sites in the discovery analysis, we did a validation study in children (4-16 years; 247 cases and 2949 controls) from six additional European cohorts and meta-analysed the results. We next investigated whether replicated CpG sites in cord blood predict later asthma in 1316 children. We subsequently investigated cell-type-specific methylation of the identified CpG sites in eosinophils and respiratory epithelial cells and their related gene-expression signatures. We studied cell-type specificity of the asthma association of the replicated CpG sites in 455 respiratory epithelial cell samples, collected by nasal brushing of 16-year-old children as well as in DNA isolated from blood eosinophils (16 with asthma, eight controls [age 2-56 years]) and compared this with whole-blood DNA samples of 74 individuals with asthma and 93 controls (age 1-79 years). Whole-blood transcriptional profiles associated with replicated CpG sites were annotated using RNA-seq data of subsets of peripheral blood mononuclear cells sorted by fluorescence-activated cell sorting., Findings: 27 methylated CpG sites were identified in the discovery analysis. 14 of these CpG sites were replicated and passed genome-wide significance (p<1·14 × 10 -7 ) after meta-analysis. Consistently lower methylation levels were observed at all associated loci across childhood from age 4 to 16 years in participants with asthma, but not in cord blood at birth. All 14 CpG sites were significantly associated with asthma in the second replication study using whole-blood DNA, and were strongly associated with asthma in purified eosinophils. Whole-blood transcriptional signatures associated with these CpG sites indicated increased activation of eosinophils, effector and memory CD8 T cells and natural killer cells, and reduced number of naive T cells. Five of the 14 CpG sites were associated with asthma in respiratory epithelial cells, indicating cross-tissue epigenetic effects., Interpretation: Reduced whole-blood DNA methylation at 14 CpG sites acquired after birth was strongly associated with childhood asthma. These CpG sites and their associated transcriptional profiles indicate activation of eosinophils and cytotoxic T cells in childhood asthma. Our findings merit further investigations of the role of epigenetics in a clinical context., Funding: EU and the Seventh Framework Programme (the MeDALL project)., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2018
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8. Fish and seafood consumption during pregnancy and the risk of asthma and allergic rhinitis in childhood: a pooled analysis of 18 European and US birth cohorts.

Author: Stratakis N, Roumeliotaki T, Oken E, Ballester F, Barros H, Basterrechea M, Cordier S, de Groot R, den Dekker HT, Duijts L, Eggesbø M, Fantini MP, Forastiere F, Gehring U, Gielen M, Gori D, Govarts E, Inskip HM, Iszatt N, Jansen M, Kelleher C, Mehegan J, Moltó-Puigmartí C, Mommers M, Oliveira A, Olsen SF, Pelé F, Pizzi C, Porta D, Richiardi L, Rifas-Shiman SL, Robinson SM, Schoeters G, Strøm M, Sunyer J, Thijs C, Vrijheid M, Vrijkotte TGM, Wijga AH, Kogevinas M, Zeegers MP, and Chatzi L
Subjects: Animals, Child, Child, Preschool, Cohort Studies, Europe epidemiology, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Pregnancy, Prevalence, Regression Analysis, Respiratory Sounds, Surveys and Questionnaires, United States epidemiology, Asthma epidemiology, Fatty Acids, Omega-3 administration & dosage, Prenatal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Rhinitis, Allergic epidemiology, Seafood
Abstract: Background: It has been suggested that prenatal exposure to n-3 long-chain fatty acids protects against asthma and other allergy-related diseases later in childhood. The extent to which fish intake in pregnancy protects against child asthma and rhinitis symptoms remains unclear. We aimed to assess whether fish and seafood consumption in pregnancy is associated with childhood wheeze, asthma and allergic rhinitis., Methods: We pooled individual data from 60 774 mother-child pairs participating in 18 European and US birth cohort studies. Information on wheeze, asthma and allergic rhinitis prevalence was collected using validated questionnaires. The time periods of interest were: infancy (0-2 years), preschool age (3-4 years), and school age (5-8 years). We used multivariable generalized models to assess associations of fish and seafood (other than fish) consumption during pregnancy with child respiratory outcomes in cohort-specific analyses, with subsequent random-effects meta-analyses., Results: The median fish consumption during pregnancy ranged from 0.44 times/week in The Netherlands to 4.46 times/week in Spain. Maternal fish intake during pregnancy was not associated with offspring wheeze symptoms in any age group nor with the risk of child asthma [adjusted meta-analysis relative risk (RR) per 1-time/week = 1.01, 95% confidence interval 0.97-1.05)] and allergic rhinitis at school age (RR = 1.01, 0.99-1.03). These results were consistently found in further analyses by type of fish and seafood consumption and in sensitivity analyses., Conclusion: We found no evidence supporting a protective association of fish and seafood consumption during pregnancy with offspring symptoms of wheeze, asthma and allergic rhinitis from infancy to mid childhood., (© The Author 2017; all rights reserved. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the International Epidemiological Association)
Published: 2017
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9. Mother's education and offspring asthma risk in 10 European cohort studies.

Author: Lewis KM, Ruiz M, Goldblatt P, Morrison J, Porta D, Forastiere F, Hryhorczuk D, Zvinchuk O, Saurel-Cubizolles MJ, Lioret S, Annesi-Maesano I, Vrijheid M, Torrent M, Iniguez C, Larranaga I, Harskamp-van Ginkel MW, Vrijkotte TGM, Klanova J, Svancara J, Barross H, Correia S, Jarvelin MR, Taanila A, Ludvigsson J, Faresjo T, Marmot M, and Pikhart H
Subjects: Asthma etiology, Child, Child, Preschool, Cross-Cultural Comparison, Europe epidemiology, Female, Humans, Male, Maternal Age, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Asthma epidemiology, Educational Status, Mothers psychology, Mothers statistics & numerical data
Abstract: Highly prevalent and typically beginning in childhood, asthma is a burdensome disease, yet the risk factors for this condition are not clarified. To enhance understanding, this study assessed the cohort-specific and pooled risk of maternal education on asthma in children aged 3-8 across 10 European countries. Data on 47,099 children were obtained from prospective birth cohort studies across 10 European countries. We calculated cohort-specific prevalence difference in asthma outcomes using the relative index of inequality (RII) and slope index of inequality (SII). Results from all countries were pooled using random-effects meta-analysis procedures to obtain mean RII and SII scores at the European level. Final models were adjusted for child sex, smoking during pregnancy, parity, mother's age and ethnicity. The higher the score the greater the magnitude of relative (RII, reference 1) and absolute (SII, reference 0) inequity. The pooled RII estimate for asthma risk across all cohorts was 1.46 (95% CI 1.26, 1.71) and the pooled SII estimate was 1.90 (95% CI 0.26, 3.54). Of the countries examined, France, the United Kingdom and the Netherlands had the highest prevalence's of childhood asthma and the largest inequity in asthma risk. Smaller inverse associations were noted for all other countries except Italy, which presented contradictory scores, but with small effect sizes. Tests for heterogeneity yielded significant results for SII scores. Overall, offspring of mothers with a low level of education had an increased relative and absolute risk of asthma compared to offspring of high-educated mothers.
Published: 2017
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10. Mode of Delivery and Asthma at School Age in 9 European Birth Cohorts.

Author: Rusconi F, Zugna D, Annesi-Maesano I, Baïz N, Barros H, Correia S, Duijts L, Forastiere F, Inskip H, Kelleher CC, Larsen PS, Mommers M, Andersen AN, Penders J, Pike K, Porta D, Sonnenschein-van der Voort A, Sunyer J, Torrent M, Viljoen K, Vrijheid M, Richiardi L, and Galassi C
Subjects: Asthma epidemiology, Cesarean Section statistics & numerical data, Child, Child, Preschool, Cohort Studies, Delivery, Obstetric statistics & numerical data, Elective Surgical Procedures adverse effects, Elective Surgical Procedures statistics & numerical data, Europe epidemiology, Humans, Poisson Distribution, Prevalence, Prospective Studies, Term Birth, Asthma etiology, Cesarean Section adverse effects, Delivery, Obstetric methods
Abstract: Evidence on the association between mode of delivery and asthma at school age is inconclusive. We assessed the associations between specific modes of delivery and asthma in children from 9 European birth cohorts that enrolled participants between 1996 and 2006. Cohort-specific crude and adjusted risk ratios for asthma at ages 5-9 years were calculated using Poisson regression models and pooled. A sensitivity analysis was carried out in children born at term to reduce confounding due to perinatal factors. The study included 67,613 participants. Cohort-specific rates of cesarean delivery varied from 9.4% to 37.5%. Cesarean delivery, as opposed to vaginal delivery, was associated with an increased risk of asthma (adjusted risk ratio (aRR) = 1.22, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.02, 1.46). Compared with spontaneous vaginal delivery, the adjusted risk ratio was 1.33 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.75) for elective cesarean delivery, 1.07 (95% CI: 0.94, 1.22) for emergency cesarean delivery, and 0.97 (95% CI: 0.84, 1.12) for operative vaginal delivery. In children born at term, the associations were strengthened only for elective cesarean delivery (aRR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.13, 1.97). The large sample size allowed analysis of the associations between specific modes of delivery and asthma at school age. The increased risk of asthma associated with elective cesarean delivery, especially among children born at term, is relevant in counteracting the increasing use of this procedure, which is often performed without a clear medical indication., (© The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
Published: 2017
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11. Early growth characteristics and the risk of reduced lung function and asthma: A meta-analysis of 25,000 children.

Author: den Dekker HT, Sonnenschein-van der Voort AMM, de Jongste JC, Anessi-Maesano I, Arshad SH, Barros H, Beardsmore CS, Bisgaard H, Phar SC, Craig L, Devereux G, van der Ent CK, Esplugues A, Fantini MP, Flexeder C, Frey U, Forastiere F, Gehring U, Gori D, van der Gugten AC, Henderson AJ, Heude B, Ibarluzea J, Inskip HM, Keil T, Kogevinas M, Kreiner-Møller E, Kuehni CE, Lau S, Mélen E, Mommers M, Morales E, Penders J, Pike KC, Porta D, Reiss IK, Roberts G, Schmidt A, Schultz ES, Schulz H, Sunyer J, Torrent M, Vassilaki M, Wijga AH, Zabaleta C, Jaddoe VWV, and Duijts L
Subjects: Adolescent, Asthma physiopathology, Child, Child, Preschool, Forced Expiratory Volume, Gestational Age, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Premature physiology, Infant, Premature, Diseases physiopathology, Infant, Small for Gestational Age physiology, Models, Statistical, Risk Factors, Vital Capacity, Weight Gain physiology, Asthma etiology, Child Development physiology, Infant, Premature growth & development, Infant, Premature, Diseases etiology, Infant, Small for Gestational Age growth & development, Lung physiopathology
Abstract: Background: Children born preterm or with a small size for gestational age are at increased risk for childhood asthma., Objective: We sought to assess the hypothesis that these associations are explained by reduced airway patency., Methods: We used individual participant data of 24,938 children from 24 birth cohorts to examine and meta-analyze the associations of gestational age, size for gestational age, and infant weight gain with childhood lung function and asthma (age range, 3.9-19.1 years). Second, we explored whether these lung function outcomes mediated the associations of early growth characteristics with childhood asthma., Results: Children born with a younger gestational age had a lower FEV1, FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio, and forced expiratory volume after exhaling 75% of vital capacity (FEF75), whereas those born with a smaller size for gestational age at birth had a lower FEV1 but higher FEV1/FVC ratio (P < .05). Greater infant weight gain was associated with higher FEV1 but lower FEV1/FVC ratio and FEF75 in childhood (P < .05). All associations were present across the full range and independent of other early-life growth characteristics. Preterm birth, low birth weight, and greater infant weight gain were associated with an increased risk of childhood asthma (pooled odds ratio, 1.34 [95% CI, 1.15-1.57], 1.32 [95% CI, 1.07-1.62], and 1.27 [95% CI, 1.21-1.34], respectively). Mediation analyses suggested that FEV1, FEV1/FVC ratio, and FEF75 might explain 7% (95% CI, 2% to 10%) to 45% (95% CI, 15% to 81%) of the associations between early growth characteristics and asthma., Conclusions: Younger gestational age, smaller size for gestational age, and greater infant weight gain were across the full ranges associated with childhood lung function. These associations explain the risk of childhood asthma to a substantial extent., (Copyright © 2015 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2016
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12. Phenotyping asthma, rhinitis and eczema in MeDALL population-based birth cohorts: an allergic comorbidity cluster.

Author: Garcia-Aymerich J, Benet M, Saeys Y, Pinart M, Basagaña X, Smit HA, Siroux V, Just J, Momas I, Rancière F, Keil T, Hohmann C, Lau S, Wahn U, Heinrich J, Tischer CG, Fantini MP, Lenzi J, Porta D, Koppelman GH, Postma DS, Berdel D, Koletzko S, Kerkhof M, Gehring U, Wickman M, Melén E, Hallberg J, Bindslev-Jensen C, Eller E, Kull I, Lødrup Carlsen KC, Carlsen KH, Lambrecht BN, Kogevinas M, Sunyer J, Kauffmann F, Bousquet J, and Antó JM
Subjects: Age Distribution, Asthma genetics, Child, Child, Preschool, Cluster Analysis, Cohort Studies, Comorbidity, Cross-Sectional Studies, Eczema genetics, Europe epidemiology, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Internationality, Male, Phenotype, Prevalence, Rhinitis, Allergic genetics, Severity of Illness Index, Sex Distribution, Asthma epidemiology, Asthma immunology, Eczema epidemiology, Eczema immunology, Rhinitis, Allergic epidemiology, Rhinitis, Allergic immunology
Abstract: Background: Asthma, rhinitis and eczema often co-occur in children, but their interrelationships at the population level have been poorly addressed. We assessed co-occurrence of childhood asthma, rhinitis and eczema using unsupervised statistical techniques., Methods: We included 17 209 children at 4 years and 14 585 at 8 years from seven European population-based birth cohorts (MeDALL project). At each age period, children were grouped, using partitioning cluster analysis, according to the distribution of 23 variables covering symptoms 'ever' and 'in the last 12 months', doctor diagnosis, age of onset and treatments of asthma, rhinitis and eczema; immunoglobulin E sensitization; weight; and height. We tested the sensitivity of our estimates to subject and variable selections, and to different statistical approaches, including latent class analysis and self-organizing maps., Results: Two groups were identified as the optimal way to cluster the data at both age periods and in all sensitivity analyses. The first (reference) group at 4 and 8 years (including 70% and 79% of children, respectively) was characterized by a low prevalence of symptoms and sensitization, whereas the second (symptomatic) group exhibited more frequent symptoms and sensitization. Ninety-nine percentage of children with comorbidities (co-occurrence of asthma, rhinitis and/or eczema) were included in the symptomatic group at both ages. The children's characteristics in both groups were consistent in all sensitivity analyses., Conclusion: At 4 and 8 years, at the population level, asthma, rhinitis and eczema can be classified together as an allergic comorbidity cluster. Future research including time-repeated assessments and biological data will help understanding the interrelationships between these diseases., (© 2015 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
Published: 2015
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13. Exposure to air pollution and respiratory symptoms during the first 7 years of life in an Italian birth cohort.

Author: Ranzi A, Porta D, Badaloni C, Cesaroni G, Lauriola P, Davoli M, and Forastiere F
Subjects: Adult, Air Pollutants analysis, Air Pollution analysis, Child, Child, Preschool, Cohort Studies, Cough etiology, Dyspnea etiology, Environmental Exposure analysis, Environmental Monitoring methods, Female, Geographic Information Systems, Humans, Incidence, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Interviews as Topic, Logistic Models, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Nitrogen Dioxide analysis, Odds Ratio, Otitis etiology, Prevalence, Respiratory Sounds etiology, Rome, Air Pollutants adverse effects, Air Pollution adverse effects, Asthma etiology, Environmental Exposure adverse effects, Respiration Disorders etiology, Vehicle Emissions analysis
Abstract: Background: Ambient air pollution has been consistently associated with exacerbation of respiratory diseases in schoolchildren, but the role of early exposure to traffic-related air pollution in the first occurrence of respiratory symptoms and asthma is not yet clear., Methods: We assessed the association between indexes of exposure to traffic-related air pollution during different periods of life and respiratory outcomes in a birth cohort of 672 newborns (Rome, Italy). Direct interviews of the mother were conducted at birth and at 6, 15 months, 4 and 7 years. Exposure to traffic-related air pollution was assessed for each residential address during the follow-up period using a Land-Use Regression model (LUR) for nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and a Geographic Information System (GIS) variable of proximity to high-traffic roads (HTR) (>10 000vehicles/day). We used age-specific NO2 levels to develop indices of exposure at birth, current, and lifetime time-weighted average. The association of NO2 and traffic proximity with respiratory disorders were evaluated using logistic regression in a longitudinal approach (Generalised Estimating Equation). The exposure indexes were used as continuous and categorical variables (cut-off points based on the 75th percentile for NO2 and the 25th percentile for distance from HTRs)., Results: The average NO2 exposure level at birth was 37.2 μg/m(3) (SD 7.2, 10-90th range 29.2-46.1). There were no statistical significant associations between the exposure indices and the respiratory outcomes in the longitudinal model. The odds ratios for a 10-µg/m(3) increase in time-weighted average NO2 exposure were: asthma incidence OR=1.09; 95 CI% 0.78 to 1.52, wheezing OR=1.07; 95 CI% 0.90 to 1.28, shortness of breath with wheezing OR=1.16; 95 CI% 0.94 to 1.43, cough or phlegm apart from cold OR=1.11; 95 CI% 0.92 to 1.33, and otitis OR=1.08; 95 CI% 0.89 to 1.32. Stronger but not significant associations were found considering the 75th percentile of the NO2 distribution as a cut-off, especially for incidence of asthma and prevalence of wheeze (OR=1.41; 95 CI% 0.88 to 2.28 and OR=1.27; 95 CI% 0.95 to 1.70, respectively); the highest OR was found for wheezing (OR=2.29; 95 CI% 1.15 to 4.56) at the 7-year follow-up. No association was found with distance from HTRs., Conclusions: Exposure to traffic-related air pollution is only weakly associated with respiratory symptoms in young children in the first 7 years of life.
Published: 2014
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14. Preterm birth, infant weight gain, and childhood asthma risk: a meta-analysis of 147,000 European children.

Author: Sonnenschein-van der Voort AM, Arends LR, de Jongste JC, Annesi-Maesano I, Arshad SH, Barros H, Basterrechea M, Bisgaard H, Chatzi L, Corpeleijn E, Correia S, Craig LC, Devereux G, Dogaru C, Dostal M, Duchen K, Eggesbø M, van der Ent CK, Fantini MP, Forastiere F, Frey U, Gehring U, Gori D, van der Gugten AC, Hanke W, Henderson AJ, Heude B, Iñiguez C, Inskip HM, Keil T, Kelleher CC, Kogevinas M, Kreiner-Møller E, Kuehni CE, Küpers LK, Lancz K, Larsen PS, Lau S, Ludvigsson J, Mommers M, Nybo Andersen AM, Palkovicova L, Pike KC, Pizzi C, Polanska K, Porta D, Richiardi L, Roberts G, Schmidt A, Sram RJ, Sunyer J, Thijs C, Torrent M, Viljoen K, Wijga AH, Vrijheid M, Jaddoe VW, and Duijts L
Subjects: Europe epidemiology, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Risk Factors, Asthma epidemiology, Asthma pathology, Asthma physiopathology, Birth Weight, Gestational Age, Premature Birth epidemiology, Premature Birth pathology, Premature Birth physiopathology, Weight Gain
Abstract: Background: Preterm birth, low birth weight, and infant catch-up growth seem associated with an increased risk of respiratory diseases in later life, but individual studies showed conflicting results., Objectives: We performed an individual participant data meta-analysis for 147,252 children of 31 birth cohort studies to determine the associations of birth and infant growth characteristics with the risks of preschool wheezing (1-4 years) and school-age asthma (5-10 years)., Methods: First, we performed an adjusted 1-stage random-effect meta-analysis to assess the combined associations of gestational age, birth weight, and infant weight gain with childhood asthma. Second, we performed an adjusted 2-stage random-effect meta-analysis to assess the associations of preterm birth (gestational age <37 weeks) and low birth weight (<2500 g) with childhood asthma outcomes., Results: Younger gestational age at birth and higher infant weight gain were independently associated with higher risks of preschool wheezing and school-age asthma (P < .05). The inverse associations of birth weight with childhood asthma were explained by gestational age at birth. Compared with term-born children with normal infant weight gain, we observed the highest risks of school-age asthma in children born preterm with high infant weight gain (odds ratio [OR], 4.47; 95% CI, 2.58-7.76). Preterm birth was positively associated with an increased risk of preschool wheezing (pooled odds ratio [pOR], 1.34; 95% CI, 1.25-1.43) and school-age asthma (pOR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.18-1.67) independent of birth weight. Weaker effect estimates were observed for the associations of low birth weight adjusted for gestational age at birth with preschool wheezing (pOR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.00-1.21) and school-age asthma (pOR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.01-1.27)., Conclusion: Younger gestational age at birth and higher infant weight gain were associated with childhood asthma outcomes. The associations of lower birth weight with childhood asthma were largely explained by gestational age at birth., (Copyright © 2014 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. Published by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2014
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15. Comorbidity of eczema, rhinitis, and asthma in IgE-sensitised and non-IgE-sensitised children in MeDALL: a population-based cohort study.

Author: Pinart M, Benet M, Annesi-Maesano I, von Berg A, Berdel D, Carlsen KC, Carlsen KH, Bindslev-Jensen C, Eller E, Fantini MP, Lenzi J, Gehring U, Heinrich J, Hohmann C, Just J, Keil T, Kerkhof M, Kogevinas M, Koletzko S, Koppelman GH, Kull I, Lau S, Melén E, Momas I, Porta D, Postma DS, Rancière F, Smit HA, Stein RT, Tischer CG, Torrent M, Wickman M, Wijga AH, Bousquet J, Sunyer J, Basagaña X, Guerra S, Garcia-Aymerich J, and Antó JM
Subjects: Asthma diagnosis, Asthma immunology, Child, Child, Preschool, Comorbidity, Cross-Sectional Studies, Eczema diagnosis, Eczema immunology, Europe epidemiology, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Linear Models, Male, Prevalence, Prospective Studies, Rhinitis diagnosis, Rhinitis immunology, Risk, Surveys and Questionnaires, Asthma epidemiology, Eczema epidemiology, Immunoglobulin E blood, Immunologic Factors blood, Rhinitis epidemiology
Abstract: Background: Eczema, rhinitis, and asthma often coexist (comorbidity) in children, but the proportion of comorbidity not attributable to either chance or the role of IgE sensitisation is unknown. We assessed these factors in children aged 4-8 years., Methods: In this prospective cohort study, we assessed children from 12 ongoing European birth cohort studies participating in MeDALL (Mechanisms of the Development of ALLergy). We recorded current eczema, rhinitis, and asthma from questionnaires and serum-specific IgE to six allergens. Comorbidity of eczema, rhinitis, and asthma was defined as coexistence of two or three diseases in the same child. We estimated relative and absolute excess comorbidity by comparing observed and expected occurrence of diseases at 4 years and 8 years. We did a longitudinal analysis using log-linear models of the relation between disease at age 4 years and comorbidity at age 8 years., Findings: We assessed 16 147 children aged 4 years and 11 080 aged 8 years in cross-sectional analyses. The absolute excess of any comorbidity was 1·6% for children aged 4 years and 2·2% for children aged 8 years; 44% of the observed comorbidity at age 4 years and 50·0% at age 8 years was not a result of chance. Children with comorbidities at 4 years had an increased risk of having comorbidity at 8 years. The relative risk of any cormorbidity at age 8 years ranged from 36·2 (95% CI 26·8-48·8) for children with rhinitis and eczema at age 4 years to 63·5 (95% CI 51·7-78·1) for children with asthma, rhinitis, and eczema at age 4 years. We did longitudinal assessment of 10 107 children with data at both ages. Children with comorbidities at 4 years without IgE sensitisation had higher relative risks of comorbidity at 8 years than did children who were sensitised to IgE. For children without comorbidity at age 4 years, 38% of the comorbidity at age 8 years was attributable to the presence of IgE sensitisation at age 4 years., Interpretation: Coexistence of eczema, rhinitis, and asthma in the same child is more common than expected by chance alone-both in the presence and absence of IgE sensitisation-suggesting that these diseases share causal mechanisms. Although IgE sensitisation is independently associated with excess comorbidity of eczema, rhinitis, and asthma, its presence accounted only for 38% of comorbidity, suggesting that IgE sensitisation can no longer be considered the dominant causal mechanism of comorbidity for these diseases., (Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2014
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16. The development of the MeDALL Core Questionnaires for a harmonized follow-up assessment of eleven European birth cohorts on asthma and allergies.

Author: Hohmann C, Pinart M, Tischer C, Gehring U, Heinrich J, Kull I, Melén E, Smit HA, Torrent M, Wijga AH, Wickman M, Bachert C, Lødrup Carlsen KC, Carlsen KH, Bindslev-Jensen C, Eller E, Esplugues A, Fantini MP, Annesi-Maesano I, Momas I, Porta D, Vassilaki M, Waiblinger D, Sunyer J, Antó JM, Bousquet J, and Keil T
Subjects: Adolescent, Child, Child, Preschool, Cohort Studies, Europe epidemiology, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Incidence, Male, Parents, Asthma epidemiology, Hypersensitivity epidemiology, Surveys and Questionnaires
Abstract: Background: Numerous birth cohorts have been initiated in the world over the past 30 years using heterogeneous methods to assess the incidence, course and risk factors of asthma and allergies. The aim of the present work is to provide the stepwise proceedings of the development and current version of the harmonized MeDALL-Core Questionnaire (MeDALL-CQ) used prospectively in 11 European birth cohorts., Methods: The harmonization of questions was accomplished in 4 steps: (i) collection of variables from 14 birth cohorts, (ii) consensus on questionnaire items, (iii) translation and back-translation of the harmonized English MeDALL-CQ into 8 other languages and (iv) implementation of the harmonized follow-up., Results: Three harmonized MeDALL-CQs (2 for parents of children aged 4-9 and 14-18, 1 for adolescents aged 14-18) were developed and used for a harmonized follow-up assessment of 11 European birth cohorts on asthma and allergies with over 13,000 children., Conclusions: The harmonized MeDALL follow-up produced more comparable data across different cohorts and countries in Europe and will offer the possibility to verify results of former cohort analyses. Thus, MeDALL can become the starting point to stringently plan, conduct and support future common asthma and allergy research initiatives in Europe., (© 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel.)
Published: 2014
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17. Severe chronic allergic (and related) diseases: a uniform approach--a MeDALL--GA2LEN--ARIA position paper.

Author: Bousquet J, Anto JM, Demoly P, Schünemann HJ, Togias A, Akdis M, Auffray C, Bachert C, Bieber T, Bousquet PJ, Carlsen KH, Casale TB, Cruz AA, Keil T, Lodrup Carlsen KC, Maurer M, Ohta K, Papadopoulos NG, Roman Rodriguez M, Samolinski B, Agache I, Andrianarisoa A, Ang CS, Annesi-Maesano I, Ballester F, Baena-Cagnani CE, Basagaña X, Bateman ED, Bel EH, Bedbrook A, Beghé B, Beji M, Ben Kheder A, Benet M, Bennoor KS, Bergmann KC, Berrissoul F, Bindslev Jensen C, Bleecker ER, Bonini S, Boner AL, Boulet LP, Brightling CE, Brozek JL, Bush A, Busse WW, Camargos PA, Canonica GW, Carr W, Cesario A, Chen YZ, Chiriac AM, Costa DJ, Cox L, Custovic A, Dahl R, Darsow U, Didi T, Dolen WK, Douagui H, Dubakiene R, El-Meziane A, Fonseca JA, Fokkens WJ, Fthenou E, Gamkrelidze A, Garcia-Aymerich J, Gerth van Wijk R, Gimeno-Santos E, Guerra S, Haahtela T, Haddad H, Hellings PW, Hellquist-Dahl B, Hohmann C, Howarth P, Hourihane JO, Humbert M, Jacquemin B, Just J, Kalayci O, Kaliner MA, Kauffmann F, Kerkhof M, Khayat G, Koffi N'Goran B, Kogevinas M, Koppelman GH, Kowalski ML, Kull I, Kuna P, Larenas D, Lavi I, Le LT, Lieberman P, Lipworth B, Mahboub B, Makela MJ, Martin F, Martinez FD, Marshall GD, Mazon A, Melen E, Meltzer EO, Mihaltan F, Mohammad Y, Mohammadi A, Momas I, Morais-Almeida M, Mullol J, Muraro A, Naclerio R, Nafti S, Namazova-Baranova L, Nawijn MC, Nyembue TD, Oddie S, O'Hehir RE, Okamoto Y, Orru MP, Ozdemir C, Ouedraogo GS, Palkonen S, Panzner P, Passalacqua G, Pawankar R, Pigearias B, Pin I, Pinart M, Pison C, Popov TA, Porta D, Postma DS, Price D, Rabe KF, Ratomaharo J, Reitamo S, Rezagui D, Ring J, Roberts R, Roca J, Rogala B, Romano A, Rosado-Pinto J, Ryan D, Sanchez-Borges M, Scadding GK, Sheikh A, Simons FE, Siroux V, Schmid-Grendelmeier PD, Smit HA, Sooronbaev T, Stein RT, Sterk PJ, Sunyer J, Terreehorst I, Toskala E, Tremblay Y, Valenta R, Valeyre D, Vandenplas O, van Weel C, Vassilaki M, Varraso R, Viegi G, Wang DY, Wickman M, Williams D, Wöhrl S, Wright J, Yorgancioglu A, Yusuf OM, Zar HJ, Zernotti ME, Zidarn M, Zhong N, and Zuberbier T
Subjects: Asthma therapy, Chronic Disease, Comorbidity, Dermatitis, Atopic complications, Humans, Hypersensitivity epidemiology, Rhinitis complications, Rhinitis epidemiology, Sinusitis complications, Sinusitis epidemiology, Urticaria complications, Urticaria epidemiology, Asthma physiopathology, Hypersensitivity complications, Practice Guidelines as Topic standards, Severity of Illness Index
Abstract: Concepts of disease severity, activity, control and responsiveness to treatment are linked but different. Severity refers to the loss of function of the organs induced by the disease process or to the occurrence of severe acute exacerbations. Severity may vary over time and needs regular follow-up. Control is the degree to which therapy goals are currently met. These concepts have evolved over time for asthma in guidelines, task forces or consensus meetings. The aim of this paper is to generalize the approach of the uniform definition of severe asthma presented to WHO for chronic allergic and associated diseases (rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, chronic urticaria and atopic dermatitis) in order to have a uniform definition of severity, control and risk, usable in most situations. It is based on the appropriate diagnosis, availability and accessibility of treatments, treatment responsiveness and associated factors such as comorbidities and risk factors. This uniform definition will allow a better definition of the phenotypes of severe allergic (and related) diseases for clinical practice, research (including epidemiology), public health purposes, education and the discovery of novel therapies., (Copyright © 2012 S. Karger AG, Basel.)
Published: 2012
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18. European birth cohort studies on asthma and atopic diseases: I. Comparison of study designs -- a GALEN initiative.

Author: Keil T, Kulig M, Simpson A, Custovic A, Wickman M, Kull I, Lødrup Carlsen KC, Carlsen KH, Smit HA, Wijga AH, Schmid S, Berg A, Bollrath C, Eller E, Bindslev-Jensen C, Halken S, Høst A, Heinrich J, Porta D, Forastiere F, Brunekreef B, Krämer U, Willich SN, Wahn U, and Lau S
Subjects: Adolescent, Child, Child, Preschool, Databases, Factual, Europe, Humans, Incidence, Prevalence, Asthma epidemiology, Cohort Studies, Epidemiologic Research Design, Hypersensitivity, Immediate epidemiology
Abstract: Background: The reasons for the rise in asthma and allergies remain unclear. To identify risk or protective factors, it is essential to carry out longitudinal epidemiological studies, preferably birth cohort studies. In Europe, several birth cohort studies on asthma and atopic diseases have been initiated over the last two decades., Aim: One of the work packages within the Global Allergy and Asthma European Network (GA(2)LEN) project was designed to identify and compare European birth cohorts on asthma and atopic diseases. The present review (part I) describes their objectives, study settings, recruitment process and follow-up rates. A subsequent review (part II) will compare outcome and exposure parameters., Methods: For each birth cohort, we collected detailed information regarding recruitment process, study setting, baseline data (pregnancy, birth, parents/siblings) as well as follow-up rates, outcome and exposure parameters at each time point., Results: We identified and assessed 18 European birth cohorts on asthma, allergic rhinitis and eczema. Six of these studies also focused on food allergies. The birth cohorts were mostly initiated in the 1990s with predominantly urban/metropolitan settings. Many studies were able to maintain high follow-up rates, even after five or more years., Conclusions: Due to the unique cooperation within the GA(2)LEN project a common database was established containing study characteristics of European birth cohorts on asthma and atopic diseases. This can be used as a basis for evaluating the possibility to pool data and perform meta-analyses, as well as to recommend criteria for conducting future birth cohorts.
Published: 2006
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19. Comparison between various indices of exposure to traffic-related air pollution and their impact on respiratory health in adults

Author: Cesaroni, G, Badaloni, C, Porta, D, Forastiere, F, and Perucci, C A
Published: 2008

20. Paving the way of systems biology and precision medicine in allergic diseases: the MeDALL success story: Mechanisms of the Development of ALLergy; EU FP7-CP-IP; Project No: 261357; 2010-2015

Author: Bousquet, J., Anto, J. M., Akdis, M., Auffray, C., Keil, T., Momas, I., Postma, D. S., Valenta, R., Wickman, M., Cambon-Thomsen, A., Haahtela, T., Lambrecht, B. N., Carlsen, K. C. Lodrup, Koppelman, G. H., Sunyer, J., Zuberbier, T., Annesi-Maesano, I., Arno, A., Bindslev-Jensen, C., De Carlo, G., Forastiere, F., Heinrich, J., Kowalski, M. L., Maier, D., Melen, E., Palkonen, S., Smit, H. A., Standl, M., Wright, J., Asarnoj, A., Benet, M., Ballardini, N., Garcia-Aymerich, J., Gehring, U., Guerra, S., Hohman, C., Kull, I., Lupinek, C., Pinart, M., Skrindo, I., Westman, M., Smagghe, D., Akdis, C., Albang, R., Anastasova, V., Anderson, N., Bachert, C., Ballereau, S., Ballester, F., Basagana, X., Bedbrook, A., Bergstrom, A., von Berg, A., Brunekreef, B., Burte, E., Carlsen, K. H., Chatzi, L., Coquet, J. M., Curin, M., Demoly, P., Eller, E., Fantini, M. P., Gerhard, B., Hammad, H., von Hertzen, L., Hovland, V., Jacquemin, B., Just, J., Keller, T., Kerkhof, M., Kiss, R., Kogevinas, M., Koletzko, S., Lau, S., Lehmann, I., Lemonnier, N., McEachan, R., Makela, M., Mestres, J., Minina, E., Mowinckel, P., Nadif, R., Nawijn, M., Oddie, S., Pellet, J., Pin, I., Porta, D., Ranciere, F., Rial-Sebbag, A., Saeys, Y., Schuijs, M. J., Siroux, V., Tischer, C. G., Torrent, M., Varraso, R., De Vocht, J., Wenger, K., Wieser, S., Xu, C., dIRAS RA-2, Risk Assessment, Clinicum, Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology, Bousquet, J., Anto, J.M., Akdis, M., Auffray, C., Keil, T., Momas, I., Postma, D.S., Valenta, R., Wickman, M., Cambon-Thomsen, A., Haahtela, T., Lambrecht, B.N., Lodrup Carlsen, K.C., Koppelman, G.H., Sunyer, J., Zuberbier, T., Annesi-Maesano, I., Arno, A., Bindslev-Jensen, C., De Carlo, G., Forastiere, F., Heinrich, J., Kowalski, M.L., Maier, D., Melén, E., Palkonen, S., Smit, H.A., Standl, M., Wright, J., Asarnoj, A., Benet, M., Ballardini, N., Garcia-Aymerich, J., Gehring, U., Guerra, S., Hohman, C., Kull, I., Lupinek, C., Pinart, M., Skrindo, I., Westman, M., Smagghe, D., Akdis, C., Albang, R., Anastasova, V., Anderson, N., Bachert, C., Ballereau, S., Ballester, F., Basagana, X., Bedbrook, A., Bergstrom, A., von Berg, A., Brunekreef, B., Burte, E., Carlsen, K.H., Chatzi, L., Coquet, J.M., Curin, M., Demoly, P., Eller, E., Fantini, M.P., Gerhard, B., Hammad, H., von Hertzen, L., Hovland, V., Jacquemin, B., Just, J., Keller, T., Kerkhof, M., Kiss, R., Kogevinas, M., Koletzko, S., Lau, S., Lehmann, I., Lemonnier, N., Mceachan, R., Mäkelä, M., Mestres, J., Minina, E., Mowinckel, P., Nadif, R., Nawijn, M., Oddie, S., Pellet, J., Pin, I., Porta, D., Rancière, F., Rial-Sebbag, A., Saeys, Y., Schuijs, M.J., Siroux, V., Tischer, C.G., Torrent, M., Varraso, R., De Vocht, J., Wenger, K., Wieser, S., and Xu, C.
Subjects: multimorbidity, EUROPEAN INNOVATION PARTNERSHIP, humanos, Immunology, IGE SENSITIZATION, política de salud, Review, rhinitis, Inventions, Unión Europea, Hypersensitivity, Medicine and Health Sciences, Journal Article, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, ATOPIC-DERMATITIS, European Union, biología de sistemas, hipersensibilidad, inmunización, inmunoglobulina E, Asthma, Ige, Multimorbidity, Polysensitization, Rhinitis, BIRTH COHORT, IMMUNE-RESPONSES, Health Policy, Systems Biology, asthma, IgE, polysensitization, CHILDHOOD ASTHMA, invenciones, Immunoglobulin E, Prognosis, INTEGRATED CARE, pronóstico, rhiniti, CHRONIC RESPIRATORY-DISEASES, 3121 General medicine, internal medicine and other clinical medicine, Immunization, IMMUNOLOGICAL REACTIVITY, IMMUNOGLOBULIN-E
Abstract: MeDALL (Mechanisms of the Development of ALLergy; EU FP7-CP-IP; Project No: 261357; 2010-2015) has proposed an innovative approach to develop early indicators for the prediction, diagnosis, prevention and targets for therapy. MeDALL has linked epidemiological, clinical and basic research using a stepwise, large-scale and integrative approach: MeDALL data of precisely phenotyped children followed in 14 birth cohorts spread across Europe were combined with systems biology (omics, IgE measurement using microarrays) and environmental data. Multimorbidity in the same child is more common than expected by chance alone, suggesting that these diseases share causal mechanisms irrespective of IgE sensitization. IgE sensitization should be considered differently in monosensitized and polysensitized individuals. Allergic multimorbidities and IgE polysensitization are often associated with the persistence or severity of allergic diseases. Environmental exposures are relevant for the development of allergy-related diseases. To complement the population-based studies in children, MeDALL included mechanistic experimental animal studies and in vitro studies in humans. The integration of multimorbidities and polysensitization has resulted in a new classification framework of allergic diseases that could help to improve the understanding of genetic and epigenetic mechanisms of allergy as well as to better manage allergic diseases. Ethics and gender were considered. MeDALL has deployed translational activities within the EU agenda.
Published: 2016

21. Pooling birth cohorts in allergy and asthma: European union-funded initiatives-a MeDALL, CHICOS, ENRIECO, and GALEN joint paper: CHICOS study group ENRIECO study group GA2LEN study group

Author: Bousquet, Jean, Anto, Josep, Sunyer, Jordi, Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark, Vrijheid, Martine, Keil, Thomas, Akdis, M., Auffray, C., Postma, D. S., Valenta, R., Haahtela, T., Cambon-Thomsen, A., Lambrecht, B. N., Akdis, C. A., Annesi-Maesano, I., Arno, A., Bachert, C., Ballester, F., Basagana, X., Baumgartner, U., Bindslev-Jensen, C., Brunekreef, B., Chatzi, L., Eller, E., Forastiere, F., Garcia-Aymerich, J., Guerra, S., Gehring, U., Hammad, H., Heinrich, J., Hohmann, C., Kauffmann, F., Kerkhof, M., Kogevinas, M., Koppelman, G. H., Kowalski, M. L., Kull, I., Lau, S., Lodrup-Carlsen, K. C., Lupinek, C., Maier, D., Makela, M. J., Martinez, F. D., Momas, I., Nawijn, M. C., Neubauer, A., Oddie, S., Palkonen, S., Reitamo, S., Rial-Sebbag, E., Salapatas, M., Siroux, V., Smagghe, D., Smit, H. A., Torrent, M., Toskala, E., van Oosterhout, A. J. M., Varaso, R., von Hertzen, L., Wickman, M., Wijmenga, C., Zuberbier, T., Burney, P. G., Van Cauwenberge, P., Bonini, S., Fokkens, W. J., Kramer, U., Mullol, J., Nizankowska-Mogilnicka, E., Papadopoulos, N., Alm, B., Alm, J., Arshad, S. H., Bravi, F., Canonica, G. W., Custovic, A., Dubakiene, R., Fantini, M. P., Gjomarkaj, M., Halken, S., Host, A., Howarth, P., Kuehni, C., Lotvall, J., Mommers, M., Porta, D., Radon, K., Ring, J., Roberts, G., Schünemann, H. J., Simpson, A., Szczecklik, A., Thijs, C., Todo-Bom, A., Valovirta, E., van Steen, K., Von Berg, A., von Mutius, E., Wahn, U., Wennergren, G., Wijga, A. H., Zock, J. P., Duijts, L., Jaddoe, V., Lawlor, D., Lucas, P., Magnus, P., Merletti, F., Nybo Andersen, A. M., Raat, H., Stoltenberg, C., Casas, M., Bergström, A., Carmichael, A., Chen, C. -M., Cordier, S., Eggesbø, M., Fernández, M. F., Fernández-Somoano, A., Grazuleviciene, R., Karvonen, A. M., Koppen, G., Krämer, U., Kuehni, C. E., Majewska, R., Patelarou, E., Skaalum Petersen, M., Pierik, F. H., Polanska, K., Richiardi, L., Santos, A. C., Slama, R., Sram, R. J., Tischer, C., Toft, G., Trnovec, T., Vandentorren, S., Vardavas, C., Vrijkotte, T. G. M., Wilhelm, M., Bousquet, Jean, Anto, Josep, Sunyer, Jordi, Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark, Vrijheid, Martine, Keil, Thoma, Akdis, M., Auffray, C., Postma, D.S., Valenta, R., Haahtela, T., Cambon-Thomsen, A., Lambrecht, B.N., Akdis, C.A., Annesi-Maesano, I., Arno, A., Bachert, C., Ballester, F., Basagana, X., Baumgartner, U., Bindslev-Jensen, C., Brunekreef, B., Chatzi, L., Eller, E., Forastiere, F., Garcia-Aymerich, J., Guerra, S., Gehring, U., Hammad, H., Heinrich, J., Hohmann, C., Kauffmann, F., Kerkhof, M., Kogevinas, M., Koppelman, G.H., Kowalski, M.L., Kull, I., Lau, S., Lodrup-Carlsen, K.C., Lupinek, C., Maier, D., Makela, M.J., Martinez, F.D., Momas, I., Nawijn, M.C., Neubauer, A., Oddie, S., Palkonen, S., Reitamo, S., Rial-Sebbag, E., Salapatas, M., Siroux, V., Smagghe, D., Smit, H.A., Torrent, M., Toskala, E., van Oosterhout, A.J.M., Varaso, R., von Hertzen, L., Wickman, M., Wijmenga, C., Zuberbier, T., Burney, P.G., Van Cauwenberge, P., Bonini, S., Fokkens, W.J., Kramer, U., Mullol, J., Nizankowska-Mogilnicka, E., Papadopoulos, N., Alm, B., Alm, J., Arshad, S.H., Bravi, F., Canonica, G.W., Custovic, A., Dubakiene, R., Fantini, M.P., Gjomarkaj, M., Halken, S., Host, A., Howarth, P., Kuehni, C., Lotvall, J., Mommers, M., Porta, D., Radon, K., Ring, J., Roberts, G., Schünemann, H.J., Simpson, A., Szczecklik, A., Thijs, C., Todo-Bom, A., Valovirta, E., van Steen, K., Von Berg, A., von Mutius, E., Wahn, U., Wennergren, G., Wijga, A.H., Zock, J.P., Duijts, L., Jaddoe, V., Lawlor, D., Lucas, P., Magnus, P., Merletti, F., Nybo Andersen, A.M., Raat, H., Stoltenberg, C., Casas, M., Bergström, A., Carmichael, A., Chen, C.-M., Cordier, S., Eggesbø, M., Fernández, M.F., Fernández-Somoano, A., Grazuleviciene, R., Karvonen, A.M., Koppen, G., Krämer, U., Kuehni, C.E., Majewska, R., Patelarou, E., Skaalum Petersen, M., Pierik, F.H., Polanska, K., Richiardi, L., Santos, A.C., Slama, R., Sram, R.J., Tischer, C., Toft, G., Trnovec, T., Vandentorren, S., Vardavas, C., Vrijkotte, T.G.M., and Wilhelm, M.
Subjects: Allergy, Risk Factor, Immunology, CHICOS, Longitudinal Studie, Environmental Exposure, Asthma, Europe, MeDALL, ENRIECO, Hypersensitivity, Multicenter Studies as Topic, Immunology and Allergy, European Union, Cohort Studie, Birth cohort, Human
Abstract: Long-term birth cohort studies are essential to understanding the life course and childhood predictors of allergy and the complex interplay between genes and the environment (including lifestyle and socioeconomic determinants). Over 100 cohorts focusing on asthma and allergy have been initiated in the world over the past 30 years. Since 2004, several research initiatives funded under the EU Framework Program for Research and Technological Development FP6-FP7 have attempted to identify, compare, and evaluate pooling data from existing European birth cohorts (GA2LEN: Global Allergy and European Network, FP6; ENRIECO: Environmental Health Risks in European Birth Cohorts, FP7; CHICOS: Developing a Child Cohort Research Strategy for Europe, FP7; MeDALL: Mechanisms of the Development of ALLergy, FP7). However, there is a general lack of knowledge about these initiatives and their potentials. The aim of this paper is to review current and past EU-funded projects in order to make a summary of their goals and achievements and to suggest future research needs of these European birth cohort networks. © 2012 S. Karger AG, Basel.
Published: 2013

22. European birth cohorts for environmental health research

Author: Vrijheid, M., Casas, M., Bergström, A., Carmichael, A., Cordier, S., Eggesbø, M., Eller, E., Fantini, M.P., Fernández, M.F., Fernández-Somoano, A., Gehring, U., Grazuleviciene, R., Hohmann, C., Karvonen, A.M., Keil, T., Kogevinas, M., Koppen, G., Krämer, U., Kuehni, C.E., Magnus, P., Majewska, R., Andersen, A., Patelarou, E., Petersen, M., Pierik, F.H., Polanska, K., Porta, D., Richiardi, L., Santos, A, Slama, R., Sram, R.J., Thijs, C., Tischer, C., Toft, G., Trnovec, T., Vandentorren, S., Vrijkotte, T.G.M., Wilhelm, M., Wright, J., Nieuwenhuijsen, M., Risk Assessment of Toxic and Immunomodulatory Agents, Dep IRAS, Risk Assessment of Toxic and Immunomodulatory Agents, Dep IRAS, Vrijheid M., Casas M., Bergström A., Carmichael A., Cordier S., Eggesbø M., Eller E., Fantini M.P., Fernández M.F., Fernández-Somoano A., Gehring U., Grazuleviciene R., Hohmann C., Karvonen A.M., Keil T., Kogevinas M., Koppen G., Krämer U., Kuehni C., Magnus P., Majewska R., Andersen A.M., Patelarou E., Petersen M.S., Pierik F.H., Polanska K., Porta D., Richiardi L., Santos A.C., Slama R., Sram R.J., Thijs C., Tischer C., Toft G., Trnovec T., Vandentorren S., Vrijkotte T.G., Wilhelm M., Wright J., Nieuwenhuijsen M., Le Corre, Morgane, IMIM-Hospital del Mar, Generalitat de Catalunya, Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona] (UPF)-Catalunya ministerio de salud, Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health, CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm]-Sachs' Children's Hospital, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol [Bristol], Groupe d'Etude de la Reproduction Chez l'Homme et les Mammiferes (GERHM), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Division of Epidemiology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health [Oslo] (NIPH), Department of Dermatology and Allergy Centre, Odense University Hospital, Department of Public Health, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Risk Assessment Sciences Institute, Utrecht University [Utrecht], Vytautas Magnus University - Vytauto Didziojo Universitetas (VDU), Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics-Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], Department of Environmental Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare [Helsinki], Environmental Risk and Health Unit, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), IUF, Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine (IUF), Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Uniwersytet Jagielloński w Krakowie = Jagiellonian University (UJ), Section of Social Medicine, Department of Public Health [Copenhagen], Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Department of Social Medicine, University of Crete [Heraklion] (UOC)-Medical School, Department of Occupational Medicine and Public Health, The Faroese Hospital System (Landssjúkrahúsið) (LS), Department of Urban Environment, The Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Department of Epidemiology, Regional Health Service - Lazio, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Université de Turin-CPO-Piemonte, Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Epidémiologie pronostique des cancers et affections graves, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institute of Experimental Medicine AS CR, Maastricht University [Maastricht]-School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI), Institute of Epidemiology [Neuherberg] (EPI), German Research Center for Environmental Health - Helmholtz Center München (GmbH), Department of Occupational Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Slovak Medical University of Bratislava (SMU), Institut de Veille Sanitaire (INVS), Academic Medical Centre, Hygiene, Social and Environmental Medicine, Ruhr University Bochum (RUB), Bradford Institute for Health Research, Environmental Health Risks in European Birth Cohorts (ENRIECO), the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (Theme 6, Environment, including climate change), grant agreement 226285., Epidemiologie, RS: CAPHRI School for Public Health and Primary Care, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin]-Epidemiology and Health Economics, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), Universidade do Porto-University of Porto Medical School and Institute of Public Health, and Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK (BIHR)
Subjects: Passive smoking, Databases, Factual, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Review, 010501 environmental sciences, Medi ambient -- Anàlisi d'impacte, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, birth cohorts, child health, environmental exposures, Europe, review, Cohort Studies, MESH: Pregnancy, 0302 clinical medicine, Salut ambiental, Pregnancy, MESH: Child, 030212 general & internal medicine, MESH: Maternal Exposure, Child, MESH: Cohort Studies, Child health, Birth cohorts, MESH: Infant, Newborn, Environmental exposure, MESH: Infant, 3. Good health, MESH: Internet, Maternal Exposure, UES - Urban Environment & Safety, Child, Preschool, Female, EELS - Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences, Environmental Health, Cohort study, Earth & Environment, MESH: Environmental Exposure, Energy / Geological Survey Netherlands, MEDLINE, 610 Medicine & health, Environment, 03 medical and health sciences, Environmental health, medicine, Humans, Infants -- Salut i higiene, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Asthma, Internet, MESH: Humans, business.industry, MESH: Child, Preschool, Environmental exposures, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Environmental Exposure, medicine.disease, MESH: Databases, Factual, Obesity, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Causal inference, MESH: Environmental Health, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, MESH: Europe, business, MESH: Female
Abstract: This work was supported by Environmental Health Risks in European Birth Cohorts (ENRIECO), a project conducted within the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (Theme 6, Environment, including climate change), grant agreement 226285., Vrijheid, M., Casas, M., Bergström, A., Carmichael, A., Cordier, S., Eggesbø, M., Eller, E., Fantini, M.P., Fernández, M.F., Fernández-Somoano, A., Gehring, U., Grazuleviciene, R., Hohmann, C., Karvonen, A.M., Keil, T., Kogevinas, M., Koppen, G., Krämer, U., Kuehni, C.E., Magnus, P., Majewska, R., Andersen, A.-M.N., Patelarou, E., Petersen, M.S., Pierik, F.H., Polanska, K., Porta, D., Richiardi, L., Santos, A.C., Slama, R., Sram, R.J., Thijs, C., Tischer, C., Toft, G., Trnovec, T., Vandentorren, S., Vrijkotte, T.G.M., Wilhelm, M., Wright, J., Nieuwenhuijsen, M.
Published: 2012

23. Early growth and the risk of childhood asthma: A meta-analysis of 147,000 European children

Author: Sonnenschein-Van Voort, A. M. M., Arends, L. R., Jongste, J. C., Annesi-Maesano, I., Barros, H., Basterrechea, M., Bisgaard, H., Chatzi, L., Corpeleijn, E., Correia, S., Craig, L. C., Devereux, G., Di Oregon, V., Cristian Dogaru, Dostal, M., Duchen, K., Eggesbo, M., Ent, C. K., Fantini, M. P., Forastiere, F., Frey, U., Gehring, U., Gugten, A. C., Hanke, W., Henderson, A. J., Heude, B., Iniguez, C., Inskip, H. M., Keil, T., Kelleher, C. C., Kogevinas, M., Kreiner-Moller, E., Kuehni, C. E., Kupers, L. K., Lancz, K., Larsen, P. S., Lau, S., Ludvigsson, J., Mommers, M., Andersen, A. M. N., Palkovicova, L., Pike, K. C., Pizzi, C., Polanska, K., Porta, D., Richiardi, L., Roberts, G., Schmidt, A., Sram, R. J., Sunyer, J., Thijs, C., Torrent, M., Viljoen, K., Wijga, A. H., Vrijheid, M., Jaddoe, V. W. V., Duijts, L., A.M.M. Sonnenschein-van der Voort, L.R. Arend, J.C. de Jongste, I. Annesi-Maesano, H. Barro, M. Basterrechea, H. Bisgaard, L. Chatzi, E. Corpeleijn, S. Correia, L.C. Craig, G. Devereux, V. Di Gregori, C.M. Dogaru, M. Dostal, K. Duchen, M. Eggesbo, C.K. van der Ent, M.P. Fantini, F. Forastiere, U. Frey, U. Gehring, A.C. van der Gugten, W. Hanke, A.J. Henderson, B. Heude, C. Iñiguez, H.M. Inskip, T. Keil, C.C. Kelleher, M. Kogevina, E. Kreiner-Moller, C.E. Kuehni, L.K. Küper, K. Lancz, P.S. Larsen, S. Lau, J. Ludvigsson, M. Mommer, A.M. Nybo Andersen, L. Palkovicova, K.C. Pike, C. Pizzi, K. Polanska, D. Porta, L. Richiardi, G. Robert, A. Schmidt, R.J. Sram, J. Sunyer, C. Thij, M. Torrent, K. Viljoen, A.H. Wijga, M. Vrijheid, and V.W.V. Jaddoe and L. Duijts
Subjects: LONGITUDINAL STUDY, CHILDREN, asthma
Abstract: Background. Low birth weight, preterm birth and rapid infant growth seem to be associated with increased risks of childhood asthma. We examined the association of birth and infant growth characteristics with the risks of preschool wheezing and school age asthma using data from 147,252 subjects of 31 European cohort studies. Methods. Studies were eligible if they included children from 1989 onwards, had information on at least gestational age and weight at birth, and preschool wheezing (1-4 years) or school-age asthma (5-10 years). Adjusted pooled odds ratios (OR) from random effect models were calculated, and ORs from individual participant data were used to assess the combined effect of birth weight and gestational age. Results. Compared with term birth, preterm birth (< 37 weeks) was positively associated with increased risks of preschool wheezing and school-age asthma, independent of birth weight (OR 1.34 (1.25, 1.43) and 1.40 (1.18, 1.67)). Birth weight was not associated with preschool wheezing and school-age asthma after adjustment for gestational age at birth. Infant weight gain was positively associated with preschool wheezing and school-age asthma (OR 1.83 (1.61, 2.08) and 1.62 (1.22, 2.14) per 500 gram weight gain per month). We observed the strongest effects on preschool wheezing and school-age asthma for children born preterm with a high birth weight for gestational age, compared with term born children with an appropriate birth weight for gestational age (OR 2.40 (1.53, 3.75) and 2.77 (1.56, 4.95)). Conclusions. Preterm birth and higher infant weight gain, but not low birth weight, are associated with increased risks of wheezing and asthma in childhood.
Published: 2013

24. The ARGA study with general practitioners: Impact of medical education on asthma/rhinitis management

Author: Baldacci, S, Maio, S, Simoni, M, Cerrai, S, Sarno, G, Silvi, P, Di Pede, F, Borbotti, M, Pala, Ap, Bresciani, M, Viegi, G, Angino, Aa, Carrozzi, L, Mangione, M, Martini, F, Piegaia, Bb, Pistelli, F, Cardio Toracico, D, Bacci, E, Bancalari, L, Dente, F, Foschino, Mp, Moscato, Paggiaro, P, Pelucchi, A, Pierimarchi, P, Brunetto, B, Iacovacci, P, Pini, C, Tinghino, R, Forastiere, F, Perucci, Ca, Pistelli, R, Porta, D, Ancona, L, Protasi, S, Lazazzera, B, Ziroli, V, D'Armini, E, Campanile, Sf, Ferri, M, Lorusso, P, Salotti, R, Santagati, M, Agea, E, Casciari, C, Murgia, N, Spinozzi, F, Bonifazi, F, Antonicelli, L, Braschi, Mc, Conti, Valeria, Filippelli, Amelia, Corbi, Gm, Russomanno, G, Braido, F, Canonica, W, Baiardini, I, Francesco, B, Cerveri, I, Corsico, A, Grosso, A., Baldacci, S, Maio, S, Simoni, M, Cerrai, S, Sarno, G, Silvi, P, Di Pede, F, Borbotti, M, Pala, Ap, Bresciani, M, Viegi, G, Corbi, G, and as ARGA study, Group
Subjects: Male, Pediatrics, Asthma treatment, Practice Patterns, Group B, Allergic rhinitis, ARIA guidelines, Asthma, Drugs, GINA guidelines, Prescription adherence, Adult, Anti-Asthmatic Agents, Clinical Competence, Drug Compounding, Family Practice, Female, Glucocorticoids, Guideline Adherence, Histamine Antagonists, Humans, Italy, Middle Aged, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Practice Patterns, Physicians', Program Evaluation, Prospective Studies, Rhinitis, Young Adult, Education, Medical, Continuing, immune system diseases, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Severe persistent asthma, ARIA guideline, Gina guidelines, GINA guideline, Drug, medicine.medical_specialty, NO, Education, Medical, medicine, Allergic rhiniti, Medical education, Physicians', asthma, business.industry, Mean age, Continuing, medicine.disease, respiratory tract diseases, Concomitant, business
Abstract: Aim: To evaluate the impact of a medical education course (MEC) on the behaviour of general practitioners (GPs) to treat asthma and allergic rhinitis (AR). Methods: Data on 1820 patients (mean age 41yrs ± 17yrs) with asthma or AR were collected by 107 Italian GPs: 50% attended a MEC and 50% didn't (group B). The adherence for AR and asthma treatment was evaluated according to ARIA and GINA guidelines (GL). Results: AR and asthma were diagnosed in 78% and 56% of patients; 34% had concomitant AR and asthma. Regardless of the MEC, the adherence to GL was significantly higher for AR than for asthma treatment (52 versus 19%). Group B GPs were more compliant to ARIA guidelines in the treatment of mild AR, whereas group A were more compliant in the treatment of moderate-severe AR; the adherence didn't differ between the groups for AR patients with comorbid asthma. Adherence to GINA GL for asthma treatment did not differ between GPs of groups A and B, independently from concomitant AR. Though insignificantly, group A were more compliant to GINA GL in the treatment of patients with only severe persistent asthma (63 versus 46%) as group B were for patients with severe persistent asthma and concomitant AR. Conclusions: GPs often tend to treat patients independently from GL. The impact of a single MEC did not improve adherence to GL in treating less severe AR and asthma patients, while there was a trend towards the opposite attitude in more severe AR patients without concomitant asthma. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Published: 2012

25. Severe Chronic Allergic (and related) Diseases: a uniform approach- a MeDALL- GA(2)LEN-ARIA Position Paper

Author: WHO Collaborating Center for Asthma, Rhinitis, Bousquet, J, Anto, Jm, Demoly, P, Schünemann, Hj, Togias, A, Akdis, M, Auffray, C, Bachert, C, Bieber, T, Bousquet, Pj, Carlsen, Kh, Casale, Tb, Cruz, Aa, Keil, T, Lodrup Carlsen KC, Maurer, M, Ohta, K, Papadopoulos, Ng, Roman Rodriguez, M, Samolinski, B, Agache, I, Andrianarisoa, A, Ang, Cs, Annesi Maesano, I, Ballester, F, Baena Cagnani CE, Basagaña, X, Bateman, Ed, Bel, Eh, Bedbrook, A, Beghe', Bianca, Beji, M, Ben Kheder, A, Benet, M, Bennoor, Ks, Bergmann, Kc, Berrissoul, F, Bindslev Jensen, C, Bleecker, Er, Bonini, S, Boner, Al, Boulet, Lp, Brightling, Ce, Brozek, Jl, Bush, A, Busse, Ww, Camargos, Pa, Canonica, Gw, Carr, W, Cesario, A, Chen, Yz, Chiriac, Am, Costa, Dj, Cox, L, Custovic, A, Dahl, R, Darsow, U, Didi, T, Dolen, Wk, Douagui, H, Dubakiene, R, El Meziane, A, Fonseca, Ja, Fokkens, Wj, Fthenou, E, Gamkrelidze, A, Garcia Aymerich, J, Gerth van Wijk, R, Gimeno Santos, E, Guerra, S, Haahtela, T, Haddad, H, Hellings, Pw, Hellquist Dahl, B, Hohmann, C, Howarth, P, Hourihane, Jo, Humbert, M, Jacquemin, B, Just, J, Kalayci, O, Kaliner, Ma, Kauffmann, F, Kerkhof, M, Khayat, G, Koffi N'Goran, B, Kogevinas, M, Koppelman, Gh, Kowalski, Ml, Kull, I, Kuna, P, Larenas, D, Lavi, I, Le, Lt, Lieberman, P, Lipworth, B, Mahboub, B, Makela, Mj, Martin, F, Martinez, Fd, Marshall, Gd, Mazon, A, Melen, E, Meltzer, Eo, Mihaltan, F, Mohammad, Y, Mohammadi, A, Momas, I, Morais Almeida, M, Mullol, J, Muraro, A, Naclerio, R, Nafti, S, Namazova Baranova, L, Nawijn, Mc, Nyembue, Td, Oddie, S, O'Hehir, Re, Okamoto, Y, Orru, Mp, Ozdemir, C, Ouedraogo, Gs, Palkonen, S, Panzner, P, Passalacqua, G, Pawankar, R, Pigearias, B, Pin, I, Pinart, M, Pison, C, Popov, Ta, Porta, D, Postma, Ds, Price, D, Rabe, Kf, Ratomaharo, J, Reitamo, S, Rezagui, D, Ring, J, Roberts, R, Roca, J, Rogala, B, Romano, A, Rosado Pinto, J, Ryan, D, Sanchez Borges, M, Scadding, Gk, Sheikh, A, Simons, Fe, Siroux, V, Schmid Grendelmeier PD, Smit, Ha, Sooronbaev, T, Stein, Rt, Sterk, Pj, Sunyer, J, Terreehorst, I, Toskala, E, Tremblay, Y, Valenta, R, Valeyre, D, Vandenplas, O, van Weel, C, Vassilaki, M, Varraso, R, Viegi, G, Wang, Dy, Wickman, M, Williams, D, Wöhrl, S, Wright, J, Yorgancioglu, A, Yusuf, Om, Zar, Hj, Zernotti, Me, Zidarn, M, Zhong, N, Zuberbier, T., Beghe', B., Fthenou, E., Boudier, Anne, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve [CHRU Montpellier], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), IMIM-Hospital del Mar, Generalitat de Catalunya, Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona] (UPF)-Catalunya ministerio de salud, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica, CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona] (UPF), WHO Collaborating Center for Asthma and Rhinitis, Organisation Mondiale de la Santé / World Health Organization Office (OMS / WHO), Pharmacoepidemiologie et évaluation de l'impact des produits de santé sur les populations, Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Medicine, McMaster University [Hamilton, Ontario], National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [Bethesda] (NIAID-NIH), National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Génomique fonctionnelle et biologie systémique pour la santé, Institut des Sciences Biologiques du CNRS, Upper Airway Research Laboratory (URL), Ghent University Hospital, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, VU University Medical Center [Amsterdam], Department of Paediatrics, University of Oslo (UiO)-Oslo University Hospital [Oslo], Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Creighton University, ProAR - FMB, Federal University of Bahia School of Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Instittute of Social Health-Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], Department of Dermatology, Medical School-Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Allergy Department, 2nd Pediatric Clinic, Son Pisa Primary Care Centre, IB-Salut Balearic Health Service, Department of Prevention of Environmental Hazards and Allergology, Medical University of Warsaw - Poland-Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine-Transylvania University, Public Hospital Medical Service, Ministry of Health [Mozambique], Epidémiologie des maladies infectieuses et modélisation (ESIM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Center for Public Health Research (CSISP), University of Valencia, Respiratory Medicine, Università degli studi di Genova = University of Genoa (UniGe)-School of Specialization, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University, Health Sciences Faculty, University of Cape Town, Department of Pulmonology, University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA)-Academic Medical Centre, Divisions of Human Genetics Infection, Inflammation and Repair, University of Southampton-School of Medicine, Service de Pneumologie Allergologie, Hôpital La Rabta [Tunis], Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital Abderrahmen Mami, National Asthma Centre, National Institute of Diseases of the Chest and Hospital (NIDCH), Pneumologie / Anesthésie - réanimation / Oxygénothérapie, Hôpital AKS Phnom Penh-Hôpital Provincial de Siemreap, Department of Dermatology and Allergy Center, Odense University Hospital, Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Wake Forest University, Institute of Neurobiology and Molecular Medicine, CNR, Rome, Italy and Department of Medicine-University of Naples Federico II = Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Università degli studi di Verona = University of Verona (UNIVR), Institut de cardiologie et de pneumologie, Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval)-Centre Hospitalier de Laval (CH Laval), Department of Respiratory Medicine and Thoracic Surgery, University of Leicester-Institute for Lung Health, Department of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Imperial College London-Royal Brompton Hospital-National Heart and Lung Institute [UK], Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Pediatrics, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais [Belo Horizonte] (UFMG)-Medical School, Allergy & Respiratory Diseases, Università degli studi di Genova = University of Genoa (UniGe)-Department of Internal Medicine (DIMI), Allergy & Asthma Associates, University of California [Irvine] (UC Irvine), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Deputy Scientific Director, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Pisana, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore = Catholic University of the Sacred Heart [Roma] (Unicatt), National Cooperative Group of Pediatric Research on Asthma, Asthma Clinic and Education Center of the Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Service des Premiers Soins, Université Montpellier 1 (UM1), Osteopathic College of Medicine, Nova Southeastern University (NSU), Respiratory Research Group, University of Manchester [Manchester]-School of Translational Medicine, Department of Respiratory Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein, Technische Universität Munchen - Université Technique de Munich [Munich, Allemagne] (TUM), Service de pneumologie, Centre hospitalier de la région d'Annecy, Service de pneumo-allergologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Béni-Messous, Allergy Centre, Vilnius University Antakalnis Hospital, Société Marocaine des Maladies Respiratoires, Centre of Respiratory Diseases and Allergy-Centre commercial Nadia, Allergy Division, Hospital S. João-Centre for Research in Health Technologies and Information Systems (CINTESIS)-Biostatistics and Medical Informatics Department-Porto University Medical School, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Academic Medical Center - Academisch Medisch Centrum [Amsterdam] (AMC), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA)-University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Department of Social Medicine, University of Crete [Heraklion] (UOC)-Faculty of Medicine, Health Care, Minister Of Labour-Ministry of Labor, Health and Social Affairs, Section of Allergology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Epidemiology and Biostatistics Division, University of Arizona-Associate Research Scientist, Respiratory Sciences-Arizona Respiratory Center, Helsinki University Hospital-Skin and Allergy Hospital, Centre Hospitalier de Bigorre [Tarbes]-Association Franco-Libanaise de Pneumologie (AFLP), Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head, and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Leuven, Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton, Paediatrics and Child Health, University College Cork (UCC), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-AP-HP - Hôpital Antoine Béclère [Clamart], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre de l'Asthme et des Allergies [CHU Trousseau], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Pediatric Allergy and Asthma Unit, Ihsan Dogramaci Children's Hospital-Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Institute for Asthma and Allergy, George Washington University Medical School, Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen [Groningen]-University Medical Center Groningen [Groningen] (UMCG)-Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth (USJ)-Faculté de Médecine-Hôtel-Dieu de France, Service des Maladies Respiratoires, CHU de Cocody-UFR des Sciences Médicales, Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergology & Epidemiology, University of Groningen [Groningen]-University Medical Center Groningen [Groningen] (UMCG)-Beatrix Children's Hospital-Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Medical University of Łódź (MUL)-Faculty ot Medicine, Centre for Allergy Research, Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Department of Clinical Science and Education, Division of Internal Medicine, Asthma and Allergy, Medical University of Łódź (MUL)-Barlicki University Hospital, Hospital Medica Sur, Physiology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Division of Allergy Immunology, Department of Medicine-The University of Tennessee Health Science Center [Memphis] (UTHSC), university of dundee asthma - allergic rhinitis - COPD - beta-2-adrenoceptor, University of Dundee, Pulmonary and allergy unit, American University of Sharjah-Rashid Hospital-Dubai Health Authority (DHA), Association Franco-Vietnamienne de Pneumologie (AFVP), Centre Hospitalier de Compiègne (CHC), Arizona Respiratory Center, Department of Medicine, Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University of Mississippi Medical Center (UMMC), Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm]-Karolinska University Hospital [Stockholm]-Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Allergy & Asthma Medical Group & Research Center, University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), Pneumology Department, Marius Nasta Institute of Pneumology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tishreen University School of Medicine, Association Franco-Marocaine de Pathologie Thoracique (AFMAPATH), Collège National des Pneumologues Marocains, Epidémiologie Environnementale : Impact Sanitaire des Pollutions (EA 4064), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Immunoallergy Department, Hospital CUF Descobertas, Rhinology Unit & Smell Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona (UB)-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)-Department of Medicine-Hospital Clinic-ENT Department, Allergy Unit, Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd)-Department of Paediatrics, Section of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery (OHNS), University of Chicago, Clinique des maladies respiratoires, centre hospitalo-universitaire Mustapha Pacha d'Alger (CHUMA), Scientific Center for Children's Health, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences (RAMS), Laboratory of Allergology and Pulmonary Diseases, University of Groningen [Groningen]-University Medical Center Groningen [Groningen] (UMCG)-Department of Pathology and Medical Biology-GRIAC Research Institute, ENT Department, University of Kinshasa (UNIKIN), Bradford Neonatology, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust-Bradford Institute for Health Research, Department of Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, Alfred Hospital-Monash University Building, AMREP, Chiba University Hospital, Asthme Rhinite allergique, Pharmacie, Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, marmara university, Pédiatrie, Centre Hospitalier National Pédiatrique Charles de Gaulle (CHNP-CDG), European Federation of Allergy (EFA), Airways Diseases Patients' Associations, Department of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Charles University [Prague] (CU)-Medical Faculty in Pilsen, Immunopharmacology, Nippon Medical School-Medical Research Council Clinical, Laboratoire du Sommeil et de l'Effort, Société de Pneumologie de Langue Française (SPLF)-Clinique St George, Institut d'oncologie/développement Albert Bonniot de Grenoble (INSERM U823), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-CHU Grenoble-EFS-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire de bioénergétique fondamentale et appliquée (LBFA), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Clinic of Allergy and Asthma, Medical University Sofia-Alexander's University Hospital, Regional Health Service - Lazio, Primary Care Respiratory Medicine, University of Aberdeen-Department of General Practice and Primary Care-General Practice Airways Group (GPIAG), Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Pneumalgia, Centre Hospitalier Regional-Espace Francophone de Pneumologie (EFP)-Société de Pneumologie de l'Océan Indien (SPOI), Association Franco-Algérienne de Pneumologie (AFAP), Espace Francophone de pneumologie de la SPLF, Department of Pneumology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)-Hospital Clínic de Barcelona-Institut Clínic del Tórax (ICT)-CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES)-University of Barcelona, Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Silesia (SUM)-Chair and Clinical Department of Internal Diseases, UCSC-Allergy Unit, Complesso Integrato Columbus-Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Hospital da Luz, Medical Centre, Woodbrook Medical Centre, Research Fellow, University of Aberdeen-Department of General Practice, Centro Médico Docente La Trinidad, Department of Pharmacology, University College of London [London] (UCL)-The Royal National Throat, Nose and Ear Hospital, Primary Care Research & Development, University of Edinburgh-Centre for Population Health Sciences, Section of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, University of Manitoba [Winnipeg]-Department of Pediatrics & Child Health, Allergy Unit - Department of Dermatology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center [Utrecht], National Centre of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, Ministry of Health Kyrgyz Republic, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica, Department of ENT and Pediatrics, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval)-Faculty of Medicine, Christian Doppler Laboratory for Allergy Research, Medizinische Universität Wien = Medical University of Vienna-Division of Immunopathology-Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research-Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Avicenne [AP-HP], Department of Chest Medicine, Mont-Godinne Hospital-Catholic University of Louvain de Mont-Godinne, Department of Primary and Community Care, Radboud University Medical Center [Nijmegen], Epidemiology Unit, National Research Council (CNR)-Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology (IBIM), Pulmonary Environmental Epidemiology Unit, CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Department of Otolaryngology, National University of Singapore (NUS)-Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm]-Sachs' Children's Hospital, GLP Analytical Facility, School of Pharmacy, Department of Dermatology Division of Immunology, Allergy and Infectious Diseases (DIAID), Medical University of Vienna (MUW), Celal Bayar University School of Medicine, Allergy and Asthma Clinics, The Allergy and Asthma Institute, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Respiratory and Allergic Diseases, University Clinic of Respiratory and Allergic Diseases Golnik, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases-Guangzhou Medical College, Secretary General of the Global Allergy and Asthma European Network (GA2LEN), Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], In collaboration with the WHO Collaborating Center for Asthma and Rhinitis, University of Genoa (UNIGE)-School of Specialization, CNR, Rome, Italy and Department of Medicine-University of Naples Federico II, University of Verona (UNIVR), Medical School-Federal University of Minas Gerais, University of Genoa (UNIGE)-Department of Internal Medicine (DIMI), University of California [Irvine] (UCI), University of California-University of California, Catholic University Rome, University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA)-Academic Medical Center - Academisch Medisch Centrum [Amsterdam] (AMC), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Centre Hospitalier de Bigorre (Tarbes)-Association Franco-Libanaise de Pneumologie (AFLP), CUF-Descobertas Hospital, Universita degli Studi di Padova-Department of Paediatrics, Medical Faculty in Pilsen-Charles University in Prague - the First Faculty of Medicine, Centro Medico-Docente La Trinidad, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin]-Instittute of Social Health, Department of Internal Medicine (DIMI)-University of Genoa (UNIGE), Medical University of Silesia-Chair and Clinical Department of Internal Diseases, Dermatology, Internal Medicine, Immunology, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] ( CHRU Montpellier ), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations ( CESP ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology ( CREAL ), Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona]-Catalunya ministerio de salud, Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona], WHO(OMS), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université de Rouen Normandie ( UNIROUEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [Bethesda], National Institutes of Health ( NIH ), Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research ( SIAF ), University of Zürich [Zürich] ( UZH ), Upper Airway Research Laboratory ( URL ), University Medical Center, University of Oslo ( UiO ) -Oslo University Hospital, Charite-Universitatsmedizin Berlin [Berlin]-Instittute of Social Health, Medical School-Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Medical University of Warsaw-Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Ministry of Health, Epidémiologie des maladies infectieuses et modélisation ( ESIM ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Center for Public Health Research ( CSISP ), University of Genoa ( UNIGE ) -School of Specialization, University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] ( UvA ) -Academic Medical Centre, University of Southampton [Southampton]-School of Medicine, Hôpital La Rabta [Tunis), Wake Forest University Health Sciences, CNR, Rome, Italy and Department of Medicine-Second University of Naples, Università degli Studi di Verona, Université Laval-l'Hôpital Laval, Imperial College London-Royal Brompton Hospital-National Heart and Lung Institute, University of Genoa ( UNIGE ) -Department of Internal Medicine (DIMI), Southern California Research, Université Montpellier 1 ( UM1 ), Nova Southeastern University, Technische Universität München [München] ( TUM ), Academic Medical Center [Amsterdam] ( AMC ), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] ( UvA ) -University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] ( UvA ), University of Crete ( UOC ) -Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton [Southampton], UUniversity College Cork - National University of Ireland, Cork (UCC), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Antoine Béclère, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Trousseau [APHP], University of Groningen [Groningen]-University Medical Center Groningen-Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth ( USJ ) -Faculté de Médecine-Hôtel-Dieu de France, University of Groningen [Groningen]-University Medical Center Groningen-Beatrix Children's Hospital-Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Medical University of Łódź ( MUL ) -Faculty ot Medicine, Medical University of Łódź ( MUL ) -Barlicki University Hospital, Department of Medicine-University of Tennessee College for Medicine, Association Franco-Vietnamienne de Pneumologie ( AFVP ), University of Mississippi Medical Center, University of California [San Diego] ( UC San Diego ), Association Franco-Marocaine de Pathologie Thoracique ( AFMAPATH ), Epidémiologie Environnementale : Impact Sanitaire des Pollutions ( EA 4064 ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ), Universitat de Barcelona ( UB ) -Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)-Department of Medicine-Hospital Clinic-ENT Department, Section of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery ( OHNS ), University of Groningen [Groningen]-University Medical Center Groningen-Department of Pathology and Medical Biology-GRIAC Research Institute, University Hospital of Kinshasa, European Federation of Allergy ( EFA ), Institut d'oncologie/développement Albert Bonniot de Grenoble ( INSERM U823 ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -CHU Grenoble-EFS-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Bioenergétique fondamentale et appliquée ( LBFA ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Department of General Practice and Primary Care-General Practice Airways Group (GPIAG)-University of Aberdeen, Association Franco-Algérienne de Pneumologie ( AFAP ), Department of General Practice-University of Aberdeen, University College of London [London] ( UCL ) -The Royal National Throat, Nose and Ear Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Faculty of Medicine-Laval University [Québec], Medical University of Vienna-Division of Immunopathology-Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research-Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Avicenne, National University of Singapore ( NUS ) -Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Department of Dermatology Division of Immunology, Allergy and Infectious Diseases ( DIAID ), Secretary General of the Global Allergy and Asthma European Network ( GA2LEN ), Network of Excellence, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK (BIHR), Universiteit Leiden-Universiteit Leiden, and Medizinische Universität Wien = Medical University of Vienna
Subjects: MESH: Asthma, severity, MESH: Comorbidity, Comorbidity, Severity of Illness Index, urticaria, MESH : Chronic Disease, MESH: Practice Guidelines as Topic, MESH : Dermatitis, Atopic, MESH: Urticaria, risk, 216-31 [Rhinitis, atopy, allergen Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2012,158(3)], atopic dermatitis, MESH : Rhinitis, MESH: Rhinitis, [ SDV.SPEE ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Effective primary care and public health [NCEBP 7], Immunoglobulin E - Asthma - Rhinitis - Rhinosinusitis - Urticaria - Atopic dermatitis, MESH : Practice Guidelines as Topic, Practice Guidelines as Topic, MESH : Comorbidity, MESH : Severity of Illness Index, IgE, MESH: Sinusitis, MESH : Urticaria, MESH: Hypersensitivity, macromolecular substances, MESH : Asthma, Dermatitis, Atopic, rhinitis, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, MESH: Dermatitis, Atopic, MESH: Severity of Illness Index, Hypersensitivity, Humans, Sinusitis, rhinosinusitis, MESH : Hypersensitivity, MESH: Humans, MESH: Chronic Disease, MESH : Humans, Asthma, Atopic dermatitis, Immunoglobulin E, Rhinitis, Rhinosinusitis, Urticaria, asthma, allergy, MESH : Sinusitis, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Chronic Disease, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, control
Abstract: Concepts of disease severity, activity, control and responsiveness to treatment are linked but different. Severity refers to the loss of function of the organs induced by the disease process or to the occurrence of severe acute exacerbations. Severity may vary over time and needs regular follow-up. Control is the degree to which therapy goals are currently met. These concepts have evolved over time for asthma in guidelines, task forces or consensus meetings. The aim of this paper is to generalize the approach of the uniform definition of severe asthma presented to WHO for chronic allergic and associated diseases (rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, chronic urticaria and atopic dermatitis) in order to have a uniform definition of severity, control and risk, usable in most situations. It is based on the appropriate diagnosis, availability and accessibility of treatments, treatment responsiveness and associated factors such as comorbidities and risk factors. This uniform definition will allow a better definition of the phenotypes of severe allergic (and related) diseases for clinical practice, research (including epidemiology), public health purposes, education and the discovery of novel therapies. Copyright (C) 2012 S. Karger AG, Basel
Published: 2012

26. Knowledge and health care resource allocation: CME/CPD course guidelines-based efficacy

Author: Braido, F., Comaschi, M., Valle, I., Delgado, L., Coccini, A., Guerreras, P., Stagi, E., Canonica, G. W., Arga, Study Group, Eaaci Cme, Committee, Angino, A., Baldacci, S., Borbotti, M., Cerrai, S., Di Pede, F., Maio, S., Mangione, M., Martini, F., Pala, P., Piegaia, B., Sarno, G., Silvi, P., Viegi, G., Dente, F., Bacci, E., Paggiaro, P., Bancalari, L., Foschino, M. P., Moscato, G., Pilucchi, A., Bresciani, M., Pierimarchi, P., Brunetto, B., Iacovacci, P., Pini, C., Tinghino, R., Forestiere, F., Perucci, C. A., Porta, D., Ancona, L., Protasi, S., Lazazzera, B., Ziroli, V., D Armini, E., Festa Campanile, S., Ferri, M., Lorusso, P., Pistelli, R., Salotti, R., Santagati, M., Casciari, C., Murgia, N., Spinozzi, F., Antonicelli, L., Braschi, M. C., Conti, V., Filippelli, A., Corbi, G. M., Giusy Russomanno, Baiardini, I., Balbi, F., Ferraioli, G., Bordo, A., Cerveri, I., Corsico, A., Grosso, A., Ansotegui, I. J., Gayraud, J., Nekam, K., Malling, H-J, Papadopolus, N., Popov, T., and Skevaki, C.
Subjects: Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, diagnostic procedures, spirometry, continuing medical education, Pilot Projects, Guidelines, drugs, Education, General Practitioners, Medical, cost, Hypersensitivity, Humans, continuing professional development, Rhinitis, Practice, Asthma, hospitalization, medico-economic assessment, Health Knowledge, Continuing, Attitudes, Education, Medical, Continuing, Guideline Adherence
Abstract: Most health care systems consider continuing medical education a potential tool to improve quality of care and reduce disease management costs. Its efficacy in general practitioners needs to be further explored.This study assesses the effectiveness of a one-year continuing medical education/continuing professional development course for general practitioners, regarding the improvement in knowledge of ARIA and GINA guidelines and compliance with them in asthma management.Sixty general practitioners, covering 68,146 inhabitants, were randomly allocated to continuing medical education/continuing professional development (five residential events +four short distance-learning refresher courses over one year) or no training. Participants completed a questionnaire after each continuing medical education event; key questions were repeated at least twice. The Local Health Unit prescription database was used to verify prescription habits (diagnostic investigations and pharmacological therapy) and hospitalizations over one year before and after training.Fourteen general practitioners (46.7%) reached the cut-off of 50% attendance of the training courses. Knowledge improved significantly after training (p0.001, correct answers to key questions +13%). Training resulted in pharmaceutical cost containment (trained general practitioners +0.5% vs. controls +18.8%) and greater attention to diagnosis and monitoring (increase in spirometry +63.4%, p0.01).This study revealed an encouraging impact of educational events on improvement in general practitioner knowledge of guidelines and daily practice behavioral changes. Long-term studies of large populations are required to assess the effectiveness of education on the behavior of physicians in asthma management, and to establish the best format for educational events.
Published: 2012

27. Impact of asthma and comorbid allergic rhinitis on quality of life and control in patients of italian general practitioners

Author: Maio, S, Baldacci, S, Simoni, M, Angino, A, Martini, F, Cerrai, S, Sarno, G, Pala, A, Bresciani, M, Paggiaro, P, Viegi, G, Alfredo, F, Sergio, N, Anna, S, Alessandro, A, Lucia, B, Diego, B, Francesco, Lf, Giuseppe, Np, Antonietta, Rm, Claudio, A, Marco, C, Mauro, M, Claudia, R, Giuseppina, C, Giovanna, C, Luigi, F, Andreina, F, Maurizio, Dm, Alessandro, Dp, Antonella, La, Davide, R, Mauro, B, Vincenzo, C, Bruno, G, Emiliano, A, Claudio, B, Lorenzo, D, Domenico, M, Giovanni, P, Marinella, P, Gabriella, V, Eliano, B, Marina, C, Khalid, K, Laura, P, Alberto, S, Caterina, T, Renata, T, Gianni, T, Emanuela, R, Mario, Tg, Tiziano, B, Chiara, C, Federica, G, Ivan, V, Eugenio, P, Enrico, C, Riccardo, M, Luigi, M, Filippo, T, Stefano, M, Gabriele, R, Marcello, B, Roberto, C, Donatella, C, Paola, G, Tiziano, L, Paolo, M, Giuliano, P, Michele, V, Roberto, B, Pietro, G, Angelo, M, Salvatore, Sd, Eleonora, T, Vito, A, Cosimo de, M, Donata, F, Gianmario, I, Luigi, L, Giovanna, L, Eugenio, M, Giorgio, M, Michele, M, Vito, M, Marco, M, Giuseppe, M, Pietro, S, Giovanni, S, Carlo, C, Paolo, G, Maria, I, Maria, L, Raffaele, M, Maria, Ng, Raffaele, P, Teodoro, R, Silvia, T, Carmelo, C, Daniele, I, Rita, S, Augusto, V, Nicolò, A, Antonio, B, Domenico, S, Antonio, Sg, Giovanni, Dg, Elio, Ds, Franco, Ag, Gianluigi, S, Raffaellina, S, Francesco, C, Antonio de, B, Arrigo, L, Marco, U, Angino, Aa, Borbotti, M, Carrozzi, L, Di Pede, F, Mangione, M, Pala, Ap, Piegaia, Bb, Pistelli, F, Silvi, P, Bacci, E, Bancalari, L, Dente, F, Foschino, Mp, Moscato, G, Pelucchi, A, Pierimarchi, P, Brunetto, B, Iacovacci, P, Pini, C, Tinghino, R, Forastiere, F, Perucci, Ca, Pistelli, R, Porta, D, Ancona, L, Protasi, S, Lazazzera, B, Ziroli, V, D'Armini, E, Campanile, Sf, Ferri, M, Lorusso, P, Salotti, R, Santagati, M, Agea, E, Casciari, C, Murgia, Nicola, Spinozzi, Fabrizio, Bonifazi, F, Antonicelli, L, Braschi, Mc, Conti, V, Filippelli, A, Corbi, Gm, Russomanno, G, Braido, F, Canonica, W, Baiardini, I, Francesco, B, Cerveri, I, Corsico, A, Grosso, A., Maio, S, Baldacci, S, Simoni, M, Angino, A, Martini, F, Cerrai, S, Sarno, G, Pala, A, Bresciani, M, Paggiaro, P, Viegi, G, Corbi, G, and as ARGA Study, Group
Subjects: Male, Pediatrics, Allergy, Allergies, Asthma, Primary care, Public health, Quality of life, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Chi-Square Distribution, Family Practice, Female, Humans, Italy, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Quality of Life, Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial, Surveys and Questionnaires, Young Adult, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Immunology and Allergy, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Disease, 80 and over, Young adult, Rhinitis, education.field_of_study, Perinatology and Child Health, medicine.medical_specialty, education, Population, NO, Allergie, Allergic, medicine, Medical prescription, allergies, asthma, primary care, public health, quality of life, business.industry, medicine.disease, Perennial, Observational study, business
Abstract: Objective. Asthma is a disease with elevated prevalence within the general population. Although general practitioners (GPs) are among the first health-care professionals to whom patients refer for their symptoms, there are few evaluations of this disease based on data provided by the GPs. The aim of this observational study is to assess the impact of asthma and comorbid allergic rhinitis on individual/social burden, quality of life, and disease control in asthmatic patients of Italian GPs. Methods. Throughout Italy, 107 GPs enrolled 995 patients diagnosed with asthma and using anti-asthmatic drug prescriptions, or with asthma-like symptoms during the previous 12 months. Data were collected through questionnaires filled out by GPs and patients. Results. Of the 995 asthmatic patients, 60.6 had concomitant allergic rhinitis (RA), 39.4 had asthma alone. The latter, compared to those with RA, showed significantly lower prevalence of intermittent asthma (37.5 vs. 55.6) and higher prevalence of mild, moderate, and severe persistent asthma (28.4 vs. 23.2, 28.7 vs. 18.8, and 5.4 vs 2.4, respectively). Individual/social burden due to asthma was frequent and increased with disease severity: 87.5 of severe persistent asthma patients reported at least one medical consultation in the last 12 months, 37.5 emergency department visits, 26.7 hospitalization, and 62.5 limitations in daily activities. Control and quality of life were inversely associated with disease severity and were worse in patients with RA than in those with asthma alone. Conclusions. This study showed the negative impact of high severity levels and comorbid allergic rhinitis on quality of life of asthmatic patients and on individual/social burden due to asthma in an Italian GPs setting. © 2012 Informa Healthcare USA, Inc.
Published: 2012

28. Phenotyping asthma, rhinitis and eczema in Me DALL population-based birth cohorts: an allergic comorbidity cluster.

Author: Garcia‐Aymerich, J., Benet, M., Saeys, Y., Pinart, M., Basagaña, X., Smit, H. A., Siroux, V., Just, J., Momas, I., Rancière, F., Keil, T., Hohmann, C., Lau, S., Wahn, U., Heinrich, J., Tischer, C. G., Fantini, M. P., Lenzi, J., Porta, D., and Koppelman, G. H.
Subjects: ALLERGY in children, GENETICS of asthma, RHINITIS, ECZEMA, PHENOTYPES, COMORBIDITY, GENETICS
Abstract: Background Asthma, rhinitis and eczema often co-occur in children, but their interrelationships at the population level have been poorly addressed. We assessed co-occurrence of childhood asthma, rhinitis and eczema using unsupervised statistical techniques. Methods We included 17 209 children at 4 years and 14 585 at 8 years from seven European population-based birth cohorts (Me DALL project). At each age period, children were grouped, using partitioning cluster analysis, according to the distribution of 23 variables covering symptoms 'ever' and 'in the last 12 months', doctor diagnosis, age of onset and treatments of asthma, rhinitis and eczema; immunoglobulin E sensitization; weight; and height. We tested the sensitivity of our estimates to subject and variable selections, and to different statistical approaches, including latent class analysis and self-organizing maps. Results Two groups were identified as the optimal way to cluster the data at both age periods and in all sensitivity analyses. The first (reference) group at 4 and 8 years (including 70% and 79% of children, respectively) was characterized by a low prevalence of symptoms and sensitization, whereas the second (symptomatic) group exhibited more frequent symptoms and sensitization. Ninety-nine percentage of children with comorbidities (co-occurrence of asthma, rhinitis and/or eczema) were included in the symptomatic group at both ages. The children's characteristics in both groups were consistent in all sensitivity analyses. Conclusion At 4 and 8 years, at the population level, asthma, rhinitis and eczema can be classified together as an allergic comorbidity cluster. Future research including time-repeated assessments and biological data will help understanding the interrelationships between these diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2015
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29. Meta-analysis of determinants for pet ownership in 12 European birth cohorts on asthma and allergies: a GA2LEN initiative.

Author: Eller, E., Roll, S., Chen, C.-M., Herbarth, O., Wichmann, H.-E., von Berg, A., Krämer, U., Mommers, M., Thijs, C., Wijga, A., Brunekreef, B., Fantini, M. P., Bravi, F., Forastiere, F., Porta, D., Sunyer, J., Torrent, M., Høst, A., Halken, S., and Lødrup Carlsen, K. C.
Subjects: ASTHMA, ALLERGIES, PETS, RHINITIS, ECZEMA, SKIN inflammation, CATS, DOGS
Abstract: Background: Studies on pet ownership as a risk or protective factor for asthma and allergy show inconsistent results. This may be on account of insufficient adjustment of confounding factors. Aim: The objective of this study was to describe determinants of cat and dog ownership in European families with and without allergies. Methods: Within the EU-funded network of excellence GA2LEN, we performed meta-analyses with data from 12 ongoing European birth cohort studies on asthma and allergy. Each of the birth cohort studies enrolled between 485 and 4089 children. Pet ownership, allergic status (asthma, allergic rhinitis, eczema) of parents and siblings, parental education, access to ground floor, and number of people living at home were assessed by questionnaires. Results: Among the 25 056 families from seven European countries cats (14.9%) were more common than dogs (12.0%). Allergic family history significantly reduced the odds to own a cat (adjusted combined random-effect OR 0.91; 95% CI 0.85–0.99), or dog (0.90; 0.86–0.94). A higher parental educational level had even more pronounced effects on cat (0.84; 0.71–0.98), and dog ownership (0.61; 0.54–0.70). Elder siblings reduced the odds to own cats, but not dogs. Convenient ground access significantly increased the odds, whereas crowding at home was not associated with cat or dog ownership. Conclusions: The chances to own a cat or dog were significantly reduced in allergic families, in parents with a higher educational level, and in homes without convenient ground access. In addition to parental allergies, social and housing factors should be considered as potential confounders in studies on pet exposure and allergic diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2008
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30. European birth cohort studies on asthma and atopic diseases: I. Comparison of study designs – a GA2LEN initiative.

Author: Keil, T., Kulig, M., Simpson, A., Custovic, A., Wickman, M., Kull, I., Carlsen, K. C. Lødrup, Carlsen, K. H., Smit, H. A., Wijga, A. H., Schmid, S., Von Berg, A., Bollrath, C., Eller, E., Bindslev-Jensen, C., Halken, S., Høst, A., Heinrich, J., Porta, D., and Forastiere, F.
Subjects: BIRTH control, ASTHMA, SEXUAL health, IMMUNOLOGIC diseases, RESPIRATORY allergy, ALLERGIES
Abstract: Background: The reasons for the rise in asthma and allergies remain unclear. To identify risk or protective factors, it is essential to carry out longitudinal epidemiological studies, preferably birth cohort studies. In Europe, several birth cohort studies on asthma and atopic diseases have been initiated over the last two decades. Aim: One of the work packages within the Global Allergy and Asthma European Network (GA2LEN) project was designed to identify and compare European birth cohorts on asthma and atopic diseases. The present review (part I) describes their objectives, study settings, recruitment process and follow-up rates. A subsequent review (part II) will compare outcome and exposure parameters. Methods: For each birth cohort, we collected detailed information regarding recruitment process, study setting, baseline data (pregnancy, birth, parents/siblings) as well as follow-up rates, outcome and exposure parameters at each time point. Results: We identified and assessed 18 European birth cohorts on asthma, allergic rhinitis and eczema. Six of these studies also focused on food allergies. The birth cohorts were mostly initiated in the 1990s with predominantly urban/metropolitan settings. Many studies were able to maintain high follow-up rates, even after five or more years. Conclusions: Due to the unique cooperation within the GA2LEN project a common database was established containing study characteristics of European birth cohorts on asthma and atopic diseases. This can be used as a basis for evaluating the possibility to pool data and perform meta-analyses, as well as to recommend criteria for conducting future birth cohorts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2006
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31. Knowledge and Health Care resource allocation: CME/CPD course guidelines-based efficacy

Author: Braido, F., Comaschi, M., Valle, I., Delgado, L., Coccini, A., Guerrera, P., Stagi, E., Canonica, G. W., Angino, A., Baldacci, S., Borbotti, M., Cerrai, S., Di Pede, F., Maio, S., Mangione, M., Martini, F., Pala, A. P., Piegaia, B., Sarno, G., Silvi, P., Viegi, G., Dente, F., Bacci, E., Paggiaro, P., Bancalari, L., Foschino, M. P., Moscato, G., Pilucchi, A., Bresciani, M., Pierimarchi, P., Brunetto, B., Iacovacci, P., Pini, C., Tinghino, R., Forestiere, F., Perucci, C. A., Porta, D., Ancona, L., Protasi, S., Lazazzera, B., Ziroli, V., D Armini, E., Campanile, S. F., Ferri, M., Lorusso, P., Pistelli, R., Salotti, R., Santagati, M., Agea, E., Casciari, C., Nicola MURGIA, Spinozzi, F., Bonifazi, A. F., Antonicelli, L., Braschi, M. C., Conti, V., Filippelli, A., Corbi, G. M., Russomanno, G., Baiardini, I., Balbi, F., Ferraioli, G., Bordo, A., Cerveri, I., Corsico, A., and Grosso, A.
Subjects: diagnostic procedures, cost, spirometry, continuing medical education, guidelines, Asthma, continuing professional development, drugs, hospitalization, medico-economic assessment

32. Shared DNA methylation signatures in childhood allergy: The MeDALL study

Author: Xu, Cheng-Jian, Gruzieva, Olena, Qi, CanCan, Esplugues, Ana, Gehring, Ulrike, Bergström, Anna, Mason, Dan, Chatzi, Leda, Porta, Daniela, Lodrup Carlsen, Karin, Baïz, Nour, Madore, Anne-Marie, Alenius, Harri, van Rijkom, Bianca, Jankipersadsing, Soesma, Van Der Vlies, Pieter, Kull, Inger, Van Hage, Marianne, Bustamante, Mariona, Lertxundi, Aitana, Torrent, Matias, Santorelli, Gillian, Fantini, Maria Pia, Hovland, Vegard, Pesce, Giancarlo, Fyhrquist, Nanna, Laatikainen, Tiina, Nawijn, Martijn, Li, Yang, Wijmenga, Cisca, Netea, Mihai, Bousquet, Jean, Anto, Josep, Laprise, Catherine, Haahtela, Tari, Annesi-Maesano, Isabella, Carlsen, Kai-Håkon, Gori, Davide, Kogevinas, Manolis, Wright, John, Söderhäll, Cilla, Vonk, Judith, Sunyer, Jordi, Melén, Erik, Koppelman, Gerard, Fantini, Maria, Epidemiology of Allergic and Respiratory Diseases Department [Paris] (EPAR), Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Xu C.-J., Gruzieva O., Qi C., Esplugues A., Gehring U., Bergstrom A., Mason D., Chatzi L., Porta D., Lodrup Carlsen K.C., Baiz N., Madore A.-M., Alenius H., van Rijkom B., Jankipersadsing S.A., van der Vlies P., Kull I., van Hage M., Bustamante M., Lertxundi A., Torrent M., Santorelli G., Fantini M.P., Hovland V., Pesce G., Fyhrquist N., Laatikainen T., Nawijn M.C., Li Y., Wijmenga C., Netea M.G., Bousquet J., Anto J.M., Laprise C., Haahtela T., Annesi-Maesano I., Carlsen K.-H., Gori D., Kogevinas M., Wright J., Soderhall C., Vonk J.M., Sunyer J., Melen E., Koppelman G.H., Research Programs Unit, Biosciences, HUMI - Human Microbiome Research, HUS Inflammation Center, Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology, Helsinki University Hospital Area, University of Helsinki, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), and Groningen Institute for Gastro Intestinal Genetics and Immunology (3GI)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Male, Allergy, MESH: Asthma, lnfectious Diseases and Global Health Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 4], Eczema, Immunoglobulin E, Epigenesis, Genetic, Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: DNA Methylation, MESH: Child, Immunology and Allergy, Medicine, MESH: Epigenesis, Genetic, Child, MESH: CpG Islands, MESH: Cohort Studies, DNA methylation, biology, MESH: Immunoglobulin E, Epigenetic, Methylation, 3. Good health, CpG site, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Child, Preschool, MESH: Rhinitis, Allergic, Female, Epigenetics, IgE, Adolescent, MESH: Hypersensitivity, Immunology, education, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Cross-Sectional Studies, children, Hypersensitivity, Humans, Asthma, MESH: Adolescent, MESH: Humans, business.industry, MESH: Transcriptome, MESH: Child, Preschool, medicine.disease, allergy, Rhinitis, Allergic, MESH: Male, 030104 developmental biology, Cross-Sectional Studies, MESH: Eczema, 3121 General medicine, internal medicine and other clinical medicine, biology.protein, CpG Islands, business, Transcriptome, MESH: Female, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 232514.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) BACKGROUND: Differential DNA methylation associated with allergy might provide novel insights into the shared or unique etiology of asthma, rhinitis, and eczema. OBJECTIVE: We sought to identify DNA methylation profiles associated with childhood allergy. METHODS: Within the European Mechanisms of the Development of Allergy (MeDALL) consortium, we performed an epigenome-wide association study of whole blood DNA methylation by using a cross-sectional design. Allergy was defined as having symptoms from at least 1 allergic disease (asthma, rhinitis, or eczema) and positive serum-specific IgE to common aeroallergens. The discovery study included 219 case patients and 417 controls at age 4 years and 228 case patients and 593 controls at age 8 years from 3 birth cohorts, with replication analyses in 325 case patients and 1111 controls. We performed additional analyses on 21 replicated sites in 785 case patients and 2124 controls by allergic symptoms only from 8 cohorts, 3 of which were not previously included in analyses. RESULTS: We identified 80 differentially methylated CpG sites that showed a 1% to 3% methylation difference in the discovery phase, of which 21 (including 5 novel CpG sites) passed genome-wide significance after meta-analysis. All 21 CpG sites were also significantly differentially methylated with allergic symptoms and shared between asthma, rhinitis, and eczema. The 21 CpG sites mapped to relevant genes, including ACOT7, LMAN3, and CLDN23. All 21 CpG sties were differently methylated in asthma in isolated eosinophils, and 10 were replicated in respiratory epithelium. CONCLUSION: Reduced whole blood DNA methylation at 21 CpG sites was significantly associated with childhood allergy. The findings provide novel insights into the shared molecular mechanisms underlying asthma, rhinitis, and eczema.
Published: 2021

33. Comorbidity of eczema, rhinitis, and asthma in IgE-sensitised and non-IgE-sensitised children in MeDALL: a population-based cohort study

Author: Alet H. Wijga, Isabella Annesi-Maesano, Gerard H. Koppelman, Stefano Guerra, Cynthia Hohmann, Marta Benet, Magnus Wickman, Josep M. Antó, Andrea von Berg, Jordi Sunyer, Ulrike Gehring, Jean Bousquet, Karin C. Lødrup Carlsen, Joachim Heinrich, Esben Eller, Jocelyne Just, Dietrich Berdel, Isabelle Momas, Carsten Bindslev-Jensen, Henriette A. Smit, Manolis Kogevinas, Renato T. Stein, Inger Kull, Marjan Kerkhof, Thomas Keil, Kai-Håkon Carlsen, Xavier Basagaña, Erik Melén, Dirkje S. Postma, Maties Torrent, Daniela Porta, Maria Pia Fantini, Jacopo Lenzi, Susanne Lau, Sibylle Koletzko, Fanny Rancière, Judith Garcia-Aymerich, Mariona Pinart, Christina Tischer, Physical Geography Research Institute, LS IRAS EEPI ME (Milieu epidemiologie), Risk Assessment of Toxic and Immunomodulatory Agents, IRAS RATIA2, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Pinart M, Benet M, Annesi-Maesano I, von Berg A, Berdel D, Carlsen KC, Carlsen KH, Bindslev-Jensen C, Eller E, Fantini MP, Lenzi J, Gehring U, Heinrich J, Hohmann C, Just J, Keil T, Kerkhof M, Kogevinas M, Koletzko S, Koppelman GH, Kull I, Lau S, Melén E, Momas I, Porta D, Postma DS, Rancière F, Smit HA, Stein RT, Tischer CG, Torrent M, Wickman M, Wijga AH, Bousquet J, Sunyer J, Basagaña X, Guerra S, Garcia-Aymerich J, and Antó JM
Subjects: CHILDHOOD ISAAC, Male, Questionnaires, Pediatrics, Allergy, Cross-sectional study, Eczema, CHILDREN, Disease, Comorbidity, Immunoglobulin E, 0302 clinical medicine, Surveys and Questionnaires, Prevalence, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, Child, Rhinitis, biology, ASSOCIATION, PREVALENCE, ALLERGIC RHINITIS, Europe, rhiniti, DISEASES, Child, Preschool, Female, eczema, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Risk, medicine.medical_specialty, DISORDERS, PHENOTYPES, MECHANISMS, 03 medical and health sciences, AGE, medicine, Humans, Immunologic Factors, PROSPECTIVE BIRTH COHORT, Asthma, business.industry, medicine.disease, Cross-Sectional Studies, 030228 respiratory system, Relative risk, biology.protein, Linear Models, ASTHMA, COMORBIDITY, business, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract: Summary Background Eczema, rhinitis, and asthma often coexist (comorbidity) in children, but the proportion of comorbidity not attributable to either chance or the role of IgE sensitisation is unknown. We assessed these factors in children aged 4–8 years. Methods In this prospective cohort study, we assessed children from 12 ongoing European birth cohort studies participating in MeDALL (Mechanisms of the Development of ALLergy). We recorded current eczema, rhinitis, and asthma from questionnaires and serum-specific IgE to six allergens. Comorbidity of eczema, rhinitis, and asthma was defined as coexistence of two or three diseases in the same child. We estimated relative and absolute excess comorbidity by comparing observed and expected occurrence of diseases at 4 years and 8 years. We did a longitudinal analysis using log-linear models of the relation between disease at age 4 years and comorbidity at age 8 years. Findings We assessed 16 147 children aged 4 years and 11 080 aged 8 years in cross-sectional analyses. The absolute excess of any comorbidity was 1·6% for children aged 4 years and 2·2% for children aged 8 years; 44% of the observed comorbidity at age 4 years and 50·0% at age 8 years was not a result of chance. Children with comorbidities at 4 years had an increased risk of having comorbidity at 8 years. The relative risk of any cormorbidity at age 8 years ranged from 36·2 (95% CI 26·8–48·8) for children with rhinitis and eczema at age 4 years to 63·5 (95% CI 51·7–78·1) for children with asthma, rhinitis, and eczema at age 4 years. We did longitudinal assessment of 10 107 children with data at both ages. Children with comorbidities at 4 years without IgE sensitisation had higher relative risks of comorbidity at 8 years than did children who were sensitised to IgE. For children without comorbidity at age 4 years, 38% of the comorbidity at age 8 years was attributable to the presence of IgE sensitisation at age 4 years. Interpretation Coexistence of eczema, rhinitis, and asthma in the same child is more common than expected by chance alone—both in the presence and absence of IgE sensitisation—suggesting that these diseases share causal mechanisms. Although IgE sensitisation is independently associated with excess comorbidity of eczema, rhinitis, and asthma, its presence accounted only for 38% of comorbidity, suggesting that IgE sensitisation can no longer be considered the dominant causal mechanism of comorbidity for these diseases. Funding EU Seventh Framework Programme.
Published: 2014
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34. Meta-analysis of determinants for pet ownership in 12 European birth cohorts on asthma and allergies: a GA2LEN initiative

Author: Inger Kull, Carel Thijs, Ulrich Wahn, Joachim Heinrich, Jordi Sunyer, K. C. Lødrup Carlsen, F. Bravi, Monique Mommers, Bert Brunekreef, Susanne Halken, Olf Herbarth, Arne Høst, Stephanie Roll, Daniela Porta, H.-E. Wichmann, M. Torrent, Francesco Forastiere, K-H. Carlsen, Esben Eller, Steffen Lau, Chih-Mei Chen, Magnus Wickman, M P Fantini, Thomas Keil, Ulrich Kramer, S.N. Willich, A. H. Wijga, A. van den Berg, Eller E, Roll S, Chen CM, Herbarth O, Wichmann HE, von Berg A, Krämer U, Mommers M, Thijs C, Wijga A, Brunekreef B, Fantini MP, Bravi F, Forastiere F, Porta D, Sunyer J, Torrent M, Høst A, Halken S, Lødrup Carlsen KC, Carlsen KH, Wickman M, Kull I, Wahn U, Willich SN, Lau S, Keil T, Heinrich J, Epidemiologie, RS: NUTRIM - R2 - Gut-liver homeostasis, and RS: CAPHRI School for Public Health and Primary Care
Subjects: Questionnaires, medicine.medical_specialty, Allergy, Immunology, Protective factor, Odds, Cohort Studies, Dogs, Surveys and Questionnaires, Hypersensitivity, medicine, Animals, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, Family history, Asthma, Family Characteristics, business.industry, Confounding, Allergens, medicine.disease, Surgery, Air Pollution, Indoor, Meta-analysis, Cats, business, Demography, Cohort study
Abstract: Udgivelsesdato: 2008-Nov BACKGROUND: Studies on pet ownership as a risk or protective factor for asthma and allergy show inconsistent results. This may be on account of insufficient adjustment of confounding factors. AIM: The objective of this study was to describe determinants of cat and dog ownership in European families with and without allergies. METHODS: Within the EU-funded network of excellence GA(2)LEN, we performed meta-analyses with data from 12 ongoing European birth cohort studies on asthma and allergy. Each of the birth cohort studies enrolled between 485 and 4089 children. Pet ownership, allergic status (asthma, allergic rhinitis, eczema) of parents and siblings, parental education, access to ground floor, and number of people living at home were assessed by questionnaires. RESULTS: Among the 25 056 families from seven European countries cats (14.9%) were more common than dogs (12.0%). Allergic family history significantly reduced the odds to own a cat (adjusted combined random-effect OR 0.91; 95% CI 0.85-0.99), or dog (0.90; 0.86-0.94). A higher parental educational level had even more pronounced effects on cat (0.84; 0.71-0.98), and dog ownership (0.61; 0.54-0.70). Elder siblings reduced the odds to own cats, but not dogs. Convenient ground access significantly increased the odds, whereas crowding at home was not associated with cat or dog ownership. CONCLUSIONS: The chances to own a cat or dog were significantly reduced in allergic families, in parents with a higher educational level, and in homes without convenient ground access. In addition to parental allergies, social and housing factors should be considered as potential confounders in studies on pet exposure and allergic diseases.
Published: 2008

35. Preterm birth, infant weight gain, and childhood asthma risk: A meta-analysis of 147,000 European children

Author: Sonnenschein-Van Der Voort, Agnes M M, Arends, Lidia R., De Jongste, Johan C., Annesi-Maesano, Isabella, Arshad, S. Hasan, Barros, Henrique, Basterrechea, Mikel, Bisgaard, Hans, Chatzi, Leda, Corpeleijn, Eva, Correia, Sofia, Craig, Leone C., Devereux, Graham, Dogaru, Cristian, Dostal, Miroslav, Duchen, Karel, Eggesbø, Merete, Van Der Ent, C. Kors, Fantini, Maria P., Forastiere, Francesco, Frey, Urs, Gehring, Ulrike, Gori, Davide, Van Der Gugten, Anne C., Hanke, Wojciech, Henderson, A. John, Heude, Barbara, Iñiguez, Carmen, Inskip, Hazel M., Keil, Thomas, Kelleher, Cecily C., Kogevinas, Manolis, Kreiner-Møller, Eskil, Kuehni, Claudia E., Küpers, Leanne K., Lancz, Kinga, Larsen, Pernille S., Lau, Susanne, Ludvigsson, Johnny, Mommers, Monique, Nybo Andersen, Anne Marie, Palkovicova, Lubica, Pike, Katharine C., Pizzi, Costanza, Polanska, Kinga, Porta, Daniela, Richiardi, Lorenzo, Roberts, Graham, Schmidt, Anne, Sram, Radim J., Sunyer, Jordi, Thijs, Carel, Torrent, Maties, Viljoen, Karien, Wijga, Alet H., Vrijheid, Martine, Jaddoe, Vincent W V, Duijts, Liesbeth, Pediatrics, Research Methods and Techniques, Obstetrics & Gynecology, Erasmus MC other, Sonnenschein-van der Voort AM, Arends LR, de Jongste JC, Annesi-Maesano I, Arshad SH, Barros H, Basterrechea M, Bisgaard H, Chatzi L, Corpeleijn E, Correia S, Craig LC, Devereux G, Dogaru C, Dostal M, Duchen K, Eggesbø M, van der Ent CK, Fantini MP, Forastiere F, Frey U, Gehring U, Gori D, van der Gugten AC, Hanke W, Henderson AJ, Heude B, Iñiguez C, Inskip HM, Keil T, Kelleher CC, Kogevinas M, Kreiner-Møller E, Kuehni CE, Küpers LK, Lancz K, Larsen PS, Lau S, Ludvigsson J, Mommers M, Nybo Andersen AM, Palkovicova L, Pike KC, Pizzi C, Polanska K, Porta D, Richiardi L, Roberts G, Schmidt A, Sram RJ, Sunyer J, Thijs C, Torrent M, Viljoen K, Wijga AH, Vrijheid M, Jaddoe VW, Duijts L, Reproductive Origins of Adult Health and Disease (ROAHD), Lifestyle Medicine (LM), Epidemiologie, RS: CAPHRI School for Public Health and Primary Care, RS: CAPHRI - Clinical epidemiology, RS: CAPHRI - Nutritional and Molecular Epidemiology, LS IRAS EEPI ME (Milieu epidemiologie), Risk Assessment of Toxic and Immunomodulatory Agents, and IRAS RATIA2
Subjects: Male, PRESCHOOL-CHILDREN, humanos, Immunology, aumento de peso, Weight Gain, children, cohort studies, Risk Factors, nacimiento prematuro, HE-3 MAGNETIC-RESONANCE, OBSTRUCTIVE AIRWAYS DISEASE, Birth Weight, Humans, factores de riesgo, Immunology and Allergy, COHORT, ddc:610, low birth weight, peso al nacer, GESTATIONAL-AGE, lactante, infant growth, wheezing, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Gestational age, asthma, edad gestacional, COHORT STUDY, ADULT LUNG-FUNCTION, Europe, asma, BODY-MASS INDEX, RESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS, gestional age, GENERATION R, Premature Birth, GROWTH, Female, epidemiology
Abstract: Background: Preterm birth, low birth weight, and infant catch-up growth seem associated with an increased risk of respiratory diseases in later life, but individual studies showed conflicting results. Objectives: We performed an individual participant data meta-analysis for 147,252 children of 31 birth cohort studies to determine the associations of birth and infant growth characteristics with the risks of preschool wheezing (1-4 years) and school-age asthma (5-10 years). Methods: First, we performed an adjusted 1-stage random-effect meta-analysis to assess the combined associations of gestational age, birth weight, and infant weight gain with childhood asthma. Second, we performed an adjusted 2-stage random-effect meta-analysis to assess the associations of preterm birth (gestational age < 37 weeks) and low birth weight (< 2500 g) with childhood asthma outcomes. Results: Younger gestational age at birth and higher infant weight gain were independently associated with higher risks of preschool wheezing and school-age asthma (P, Supported by the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme FP7/20072013, project CHICOS. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Respiratory Society and the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme FP7/2007-2013-Marie Curie Actions under grant agreement RESPIRE, PCOFUND-GA-2008-229571.
Published: 2014

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35 results on '"Porta, D."'

1. Creatine Kinase Is Decreased in Childhood Asthma.

2. Modifiable environmental factors predispose term infants to bronchiolitis but bronchiolitis itself predisposes to respiratory sequelae.

3. Shared DNA methylation signatures in childhood allergy: The MeDALL study.

4. Associations between air pollution and pediatric eczema, rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma: A meta-analysis of European birth cohorts.

5. Integrating Clinical and Epidemiologic Data on Allergic Diseases Across Birth Cohorts: A Harmonization Study in the Mechanisms of the Development of Allergy Project.

6. Does early onset asthma increase childhood obesity risk? A pooled analysis of 16 European cohorts.

7. DNA methylation in childhood asthma: an epigenome-wide meta-analysis.

8. Fish and seafood consumption during pregnancy and the risk of asthma and allergic rhinitis in childhood: a pooled analysis of 18 European and US birth cohorts.

9. Mother's education and offspring asthma risk in 10 European cohort studies.

10. Mode of Delivery and Asthma at School Age in 9 European Birth Cohorts.

11. Early growth characteristics and the risk of reduced lung function and asthma: A meta-analysis of 25,000 children.

12. Phenotyping asthma, rhinitis and eczema in MeDALL population-based birth cohorts: an allergic comorbidity cluster.

13. Exposure to air pollution and respiratory symptoms during the first 7 years of life in an Italian birth cohort.

14. Preterm birth, infant weight gain, and childhood asthma risk: a meta-analysis of 147,000 European children.

15. Comorbidity of eczema, rhinitis, and asthma in IgE-sensitised and non-IgE-sensitised children in MeDALL: a population-based cohort study.

16. The development of the MeDALL Core Questionnaires for a harmonized follow-up assessment of eleven European birth cohorts on asthma and allergies.

17. Severe chronic allergic (and related) diseases: a uniform approach--a MeDALL--GA2LEN--ARIA position paper.

18. European birth cohort studies on asthma and atopic diseases: I. Comparison of study designs -- a GALEN initiative.

19. Comparison between various indices of exposure to traffic-related air pollution and their impact on respiratory health in adults

20. Paving the way of systems biology and precision medicine in allergic diseases: the MeDALL success story: Mechanisms of the Development of ALLergy; EU FP7-CP-IP; Project No: 261357; 2010-2015

21. Pooling birth cohorts in allergy and asthma: European union-funded initiatives-a MeDALL, CHICOS, ENRIECO, and GALEN joint paper: CHICOS study group ENRIECO study group GA2LEN study group

22. European birth cohorts for environmental health research

23. Early growth and the risk of childhood asthma: A meta-analysis of 147,000 European children

24. The ARGA study with general practitioners: Impact of medical education on asthma/rhinitis management

25. Severe Chronic Allergic (and related) Diseases: a uniform approach- a MeDALL- GA(2)LEN-ARIA Position Paper

26. Knowledge and health care resource allocation: CME/CPD course guidelines-based efficacy

27. Impact of asthma and comorbid allergic rhinitis on quality of life and control in patients of italian general practitioners

28. Phenotyping asthma, rhinitis and eczema in Me DALL population-based birth cohorts: an allergic comorbidity cluster.

29. Meta-analysis of determinants for pet ownership in 12 European birth cohorts on asthma and allergies: a GA2LEN initiative.

30. European birth cohort studies on asthma and atopic diseases: I. Comparison of study designs – a GA2LEN initiative.

31. Knowledge and Health Care resource allocation: CME/CPD course guidelines-based efficacy

32. Shared DNA methylation signatures in childhood allergy: The MeDALL study

33. Comorbidity of eczema, rhinitis, and asthma in IgE-sensitised and non-IgE-sensitised children in MeDALL: a population-based cohort study

34. Meta-analysis of determinants for pet ownership in 12 European birth cohorts on asthma and allergies: a GA2LEN initiative

35. Preterm birth, infant weight gain, and childhood asthma risk: A meta-analysis of 147,000 European children

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