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1. Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Combined kinematic and thermal Sunyaev-Zel’dovich measurements from BOSS CMASS and LOWZ halos

Author

Schaan, Emmanuel, Ferraro, Simone, Amodeo, Stefania, Battaglia, Nicholas, Aiola, Simone, Austermann, Jason E, Beall, James A, Bean, Rachel, Becker, Daniel T, Bond, Richard J, Calabrese, Erminia, Calafut, Victoria, Choi, Steve K, Denison, Edward V, Devlin, Mark J, Duff, Shannon M, Duivenvoorden, Adriaan J, Dunkley, Jo, Dünner, Rolando, Gallardo, Patricio A, Guan, Yilun, Han, Dongwon, Hill, J Colin, Hilton, Gene C, Hilton, Matt, Hložek, Renée, Hubmayr, Johannes, Huffenberger, Kevin M, Hughes, John P, Koopman, Brian J, MacInnis, Amanda, McMahon, Jeff, Madhavacheril, Mathew S, Moodley, Kavilan, Mroczkowski, Tony, Naess, Sigurd, Nati, Federico, Newburgh, Laura B, Niemack, Michael D, Page, Lyman A, Partridge, Bruce, Salatino, Maria, Sehgal, Neelima, Schillaci, Alessandro, Sifón, Cristóbal, Smith, Kendrick M, Spergel, David N, Staggs, Suzanne, Storer, Emilie R, Trac, Hy, Ullom, Joel N, Van Lanen, Jeff, Vale, Leila R, van Engelen, Alexander, Magaña, Mariana Vargas, Vavagiakis, Eve M, Wollack, Edward J, and Xu, Zhilei

Subjects
Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, astro-ph.CO, astro-ph.GA
Abstract

The scattering of cosmic microwave background (CMB) photons off the free-electron gas in galaxies and clusters leaves detectable imprints on high resolution CMB maps: the thermal and kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effects (tSZ and kSZ respectively). We use combined microwave maps from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope DR5 and Planck in combination with the CMASS (mean redshift ⟨z

Published
2021

2. Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Modeling the gas thermodynamics in BOSS CMASS galaxies from kinematic and thermal Sunyaev-Zel’dovich measurements

Author

Amodeo, Stefania, Battaglia, Nicholas, Schaan, Emmanuel, Ferraro, Simone, Moser, Emily, Aiola, Simone, Austermann, Jason E, Beall, James A, Bean, Rachel, Becker, Daniel T, Bond, Richard J, Calabrese, Erminia, Calafut, Victoria, Choi, Steve K, Denison, Edward V, Devlin, Mark, Duff, Shannon M, Duivenvoorden, Adriaan J, Dunkley, Jo, Dünner, Rolando, Gallardo, Patricio A, Hall, Kirsten R, Han, Dongwon, Hill, J Colin, Hilton, Gene C, Hilton, Matt, Hložek, Renée, Hubmayr, Johannes, Huffenberger, Kevin M, Hughes, John P, Koopman, Brian J, MacInnis, Amanda, McMahon, Jeff, Madhavacheril, Mathew S, Moodley, Kavilan, Mroczkowski, Tony, Naess, Sigurd, Nati, Federico, Newburgh, Laura B, Niemack, Michael D, Page, Lyman A, Partridge, Bruce, Schillaci, Alessandro, Sehgal, Neelima, Sifón, Cristóbal, Spergel, David N, Staggs, Suzanne, Storer, Emilie R, Ullom, Joel N, Vale, Leila R, van Engelen, Alexander, Van Lanen, Jeff, Vavagiakis, Eve M, Wollack, Edward J, and Xu, Zhilei

Subjects
Astronomical Sciences, Physical Sciences, astro-ph.CO, astro-ph.GA
Abstract

The thermal and kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effects (tSZ, kSZ) probe the thermodynamic properties of the circumgalactic and intracluster medium (CGM and ICM) of galaxies, groups, and clusters, since they are proportional, respectively, to the integrated electron pressure and momentum along the line of sight. We present constraints on the gas thermodynamics of CMASS (constant stellar mass) galaxies in the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey using new measurements of the kSZ and tSZ signals obtained in a companion paper [Schaan et al.]. Combining kSZ and tSZ measurements, we measure within our model the amplitude of energy injection ϵM⋆c2, where M⋆ is the stellar mass, to be ϵ=(40±9)×10-6, and the amplitude of the nonthermal pressure profile to be αNth

Published
2021

3. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Summary of DR4 and DR5 Data Products and Data Access

Author

Mallaby-Kay, Maya, Atkins, Zachary, Aiola, Simone, Amodeo, Stefania, Austermann, Jason E, Beall, James A, Becker, Daniel T, Bond, J Richard, Calabrese, Erminia, Chesmore, Grace E, Choi, Steve K, Crowley, Kevin T, Darwish, Omar, Denison, Edwawd V, Devlin, Mark J, Duff, Shannon M, Duivenvoorden, Adriaan J, Dunkley, Jo, Ferraro, Simone, Fichman, Kyra, Gallardo, Patricio A, Golec, Joseph E, Guan, Yilun, Han, Dongwon, Hasselfield, Matthew, Hill, J Colin, Hilton, Gene C, Hilton, Matt, Hlozek, Renee, Hubmayr, Johannes, Huffenberger, Kevin M, Hughes, John P, Koopman, Brian J, Louis, Thibaut, MacInnis, Amanda, Madhavacheril, Mathew S, McMahon, Jeff, Moodley, Kavilan, Naess, Sigurd, Namikawa, Toshiya, Nati, Federico, Newburgh, Laura B, Nibarger, John P, Niemack, Michael D, Page, Lyman A, Salatino, Maria, Schaan, Emmanuel, Schillaci, Alessandro, Sehgal, Neelima, Sherwin, Blake D, Sifon, Cristobal, Simon, Sara, Staggs, Suzanne T, Storer, Emilie R, Ullom, Joel N, Engelen, Alexander Van, Lanen, Jeff Van, Vale, Leila R, Wollack, Edward J, and Xu, Zhilei

Subjects
astro-ph.CO
Abstract

Two recent large data releases for the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT),called DR4 and DR5, are available for public access. These data includetemperature and polarization maps that cover nearly half the sky at arcminuteresolution in three frequency bands; lensing maps and component-separated mapscovering ~ 2,100 deg^2 of sky; derived power spectra and cosmologicallikelihoods; a catalog of over 4,000 galaxy clusters; and supporting ancillaryproducts including beam functions and masks. The data and products aredescribed in a suite of ACT papers; here we provide a summary. In order tofacilitate ease of access to these data we present a set of Jupyter IPythonnotebooks developed to introduce users to DR4, DR5, and the tools needed toanalyze these data. The data products (excluding simulations) and the set ofnotebooks are publicly available on the NASA Legacy Archive for MicrowaveBackground Data Analysis (LAMBDA); simulation products are available on theNational Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC).

Published
2021

4. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: delensed power spectra and parameters

Author

Han, Dongwon, Sehgal, Neelima, MacInnis, Amanda, van Engelen, Alexander, Sherwin, Blake D, Madhavacheril, Mathew S, Aiola, Simone, Battaglia, Nicholas, Beall, James A, Becker, Daniel T, Calabrese, Erminia, Choi, Steve K, Darwish, Omar, Denison, Edward V, Devlin, Mark J, Dunkley, Jo, Ferraro, Simone, Fox, Anna E, Hasselfield, Matthew, Hill, J Colin, Hilton, Gene C, Hilton, Matt, Hložek, Renée, Hubmayr, Johannes, Hughes, John P, Kosowsky, Arthur, Van Lanen, Jeff, Louis, Thibaut, Moodley, Kavilan, Naess, Sigurd, Namikawa, Toshiya, Nati, Federico, Nibarger, John P, Niemack, Michael D, Page, Lyman A, Partridge, Bruce, Qu, Frank J, Schillaci, Alessandro, Spergel, David N, Staggs, Suzanne, Storer, Emilie, and Wollack, Edward J

Subjects
Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, cosmological parameters from CMBR, weak gravitational lensing, astro-ph.CO, hep-ph, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics
Abstract

We present ΛCDM cosmological parameter constraints obtained from delensed microwave background power spectra. Lensing maps from a subset of DR4 data from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) are used to undo the lensing effect in ACT spectra observed at 150 and 98 GHz. At 150 GHz, we remove the lensing distortion with an effective efficiency of 30% (TT), 30% (EE), 26% (TE) and 20% (BB); this results in detections of the delensing effect at 8.7σ (TT), 5.1σ (EE), 2.6σ (TE), and 2.4σ (BB) significance. The combination of 150 and 98 GHz TT, EE, and TE delensed spectra is well fit by a standard ΛCDM model. We also measure the shift in best-fit parameters when fitting delensed versus lensed spectra; while this shift does not inform our ability to measure cosmological parameters, it does provide a three-way consistency check among the lensing inferred from the best-fit parameters, the lensing in the CMB power spectrum, and the reconstructed lensing map. This shift is predicted to be zero when fitting with the correct model since both lensed and delensed spectra originate from the same region of sky. Fitting with a ΛCDM model and marginalizing over foregrounds, we find that the shift in cosmological parameters is consistent with zero. Our results show that gravitational lensing of the microwave background is internally consistent within the framework of the standard cosmological model.

Published
2021

5. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: a measurement of the Cosmic Microwave Background power spectra at 98 and 150 GHz

Author

Choi, Steve K, Hasselfield, Matthew, Ho, Shuay-Pwu Patty, Koopman, Brian, Lungu, Marius, Abitbol, Maximilian H, Addison, Graeme E, Ade, Peter AR, Aiola, Simone, Alonso, David, Amiri, Mandana, Amodeo, Stefania, Angile, Elio, Austermann, Jason E, Baildon, Taylor, Battaglia, Nick, Beall, James A, Bean, Rachel, Becker, Daniel T, Bond, J Richard, Bruno, Sarah Marie, Calabrese, Erminia, Calafut, Victoria, Campusano, Luis E, Carrero, Felipe, Chesmore, Grace E, Cho, Hsiao-mei, Clark, Susan E, Cothard, Nicholas F, Crichton, Devin, Crowley, Kevin T, Darwish, Omar, Datta, Rahul, Denison, Edward V, Devlin, Mark J, Duell, Cody J, Duff, Shannon M, Duivenvoorden, Adriaan J, Dunkley, Jo, Dünner, Rolando, Essinger-Hileman, Thomas, Fankhanel, Max, Ferraro, Simone, Fox, Anna E, Fuzia, Brittany, Gallardo, Patricio A, Gluscevic, Vera, Golec, Joseph E, Grace, Emily, Gralla, Megan, Guan, Yilun, Hall, Kirsten, Halpern, Mark, Han, Dongwon, Hargrave, Peter, Henderson, Shawn, Hensley, Brandon, Hill, J Colin, Hilton, Gene C, Hilton, Matt, Hincks, Adam D, Hložek, Renée, Hubmayr, Johannes, Huffenberger, Kevin M, Hughes, John P, Infante, Leopoldo, Irwin, Kent, Jackson, Rebecca, Klein, Jeff, Knowles, Kenda, Kosowsky, Arthur, Lakey, Vincent, Li, Dale, Li, Yaqiong, Li, Zack, Lokken, Martine, Louis, Thibaut, MacInnis, Amanda, Madhavacheril, Mathew, Maldonado, Felipe, Mallaby-Kay, Maya, Marsden, Danica, Maurin, Loïc, McMahon, Jeff, Menanteau, Felipe, Moodley, Kavilan, Morton, Tim, Naess, Sigurd, Namikawa, Toshiya, Nati, Federico, Newburgh, Laura, Nibarger, John P, Nicola, Andrina, Niemack, Michael D, Nolta, Michael R, Orlowski-Sherer, John, Page, Lyman A, Pappas, Christine G, Partridge, Bruce, and Phakathi, Phumlani

Subjects
Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, CMBR experiments, CMBR polarisation, cosmological parameters from CMBR, astro-ph.CO, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics
Abstract

We present the temperature and polarization angular power spectra of the CMB measured by the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) from 5400 deg2 of the 2013–2016 survey, which covers >15000 deg2 at 98 and 150 GHz. For this analysis we adopt a blinding strategy to help avoid confirmation bias and, related to this, show numerous checks for systematic error done before unblinding. Using the likelihood for the cosmological analysis we constrain secondary sources of anisotropy and foreground emission, and derive a “CMB-only” spectrum that extends to ` = 4000. At large angular scales, foreground emission at 150 GHz is ∼1% of TT and EE within our selected regions and consistent with that found by Planck. Using the same likelihood, we obtain the cosmological parameters for ΛCDM for the ACT data alone with a prior on the optical depth of τ = 0.065 ± 0.015. ΛCDM is a good fit. The best-fit model has a reduced χ2 of 1.07 (PTE = 0.07) with H0 = 67.9 ± 1.5 km/s/Mpc. We show that the lensing BB signal is consistent with ΛCDM and limit the celestial EB polarization angle to ψP = −0.07◦ ±0.09◦. We directly cross correlate ACT with Planck and observe generally good agreement but with some discrepancies in TE. All data on which this analysis is based will be publicly released.

Published
2020

6. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: DR4 maps and cosmological parameters

Author

Aiola, Simone, Calabrese, Erminia, Maurin, Loïc, Naess, Sigurd, Schmitt, Benjamin L, Abitbol, Maximilian H, Addison, Graeme E, Ade, Peter AR, Alonso, David, Amiri, Mandana, Amodeo, Stefania, Angile, Elio, Austermann, Jason E, Baildon, Taylor, Battaglia, Nick, Beall, James A, Bean, Rachel, Becker, Daniel T, Bond, J Richard, Bruno, Sarah Marie, Calafut, Victoria, Campusano, Luis E, Carrero, Felipe, Chesmore, Grace E, Cho, Hsiao-mei, Choi, Steve K, Clark, Susan E, Cothard, Nicholas F, Crichton, Devin, Crowley, Kevin T, Darwish, Omar, Datta, Rahul, Denison, Edward V, Devlin, Mark J, Duell, Cody J, Duff, Shannon M, Duivenvoorden, Adriaan J, Dunkley, Jo, Dünner, Rolando, Essinger-Hileman, Thomas, Fankhanel, Max, Ferraro, Simone, Fox, Anna E, Fuzia, Brittany, Gallardo, Patricio A, Gluscevic, Vera, Golec, Joseph E, Grace, Emily, Gralla, Megan, Guan, Yilun, Hall, Kirsten, Halpern, Mark, Han, Dongwon, Hargrave, Peter, Hasselfield, Matthew, Helton, Jakob M, Henderson, Shawn, Hensley, Brandon, Hill, J Colin, Hilton, Gene C, Hilton, Matt, Hincks, Adam D, Hložek, Renée, Ho, Shuay-Pwu Patty, Hubmayr, Johannes, Huffenberger, Kevin M, Hughes, John P, Infante, Leopoldo, Irwin, Kent, Jackson, Rebecca, Klein, Jeff, Knowles, Kenda, Koopman, Brian, Kosowsky, Arthur, Lakey, Vincent, Li, Dale, Li, Yaqiong, Li, Zack, Lokken, Martine, Louis, Thibaut, Lungu, Marius, MacInnis, Amanda, Madhavacheril, Mathew, Maldonado, Felipe, Mallaby-Kay, Maya, Marsden, Danica, McMahon, Jeff, Menanteau, Felipe, Moodley, Kavilan, Morton, Tim, Namikawa, Toshiya, Nati, Federico, Newburgh, Laura, Nibarger, John P, Nicola, Andrina, Niemack, Michael D, Nolta, Michael R, Orlowski-Sherer, John, Page, Lyman A, and Pappas, Christine G

Subjects
Astronomical Sciences, Physical Sciences, CMBR experiments, CMBR polarisation, cosmological parameters from CMBR, astro-ph.CO, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics
Abstract

We present new arcminute-resolution maps of the Cosmic Microwave Background temperature and polarization anisotropy from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope, using data taken from 2013–2016 at 98 and 150 GHz. The maps cover more than 17,000 deg2, the deepest 600 deg2 with noise levels below 10µK-arcmin. We use the power spectrum derived from almost 6,000 deg2 of these maps to constrain cosmology. The ACT data enable a measurement of the angular scale of features in both the divergence-like polarization and the temperature anisotropy, tracing both the velocity and density at last-scattering. From these one can derive the distance to the last-scattering surface and thus infer the local expansion rate, H0. By combining ACT data with large-scale information from WMAP we measure H0 = 67.6±1.1 km/s/Mpc, at 68% confidence, in excellent agreement with the independently-measured Planck satellite estimate (from ACT alone we find H0 = 67.9 ± 1.5 km/s/Mpc). The ΛCDM model provides a good fit to the ACT data, and we find no evidence for deviations: both the spatial curvature, and the departure from the standard lensing signal in the spectrum, are zero to within 1σ; the number of relativistic species, the primordial Helium fraction, and the running of the spectral index are consistent with ΛCDM predictions to within 1.5–2.2σ. We compare ACT, WMAP, and Planck at the parameter level and find good consistency; we investigate how the constraints on the correlated spectral index and baryon density parameters readjust when adding CMB large-scale information that ACT does not measure. The DR4 products presented here will be publicly released on the NASA Legacy Archive for Microwave Background Data Analysis.

Published
2020

7. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: a CMB lensing mass map over 2100 square degrees of sky and its cross-correlation with BOSS-CMASS galaxies

Author

Darwish, Omar, Madhavacheril, Mathew S, Sherwin, Blake D, Aiola, Simone, Battaglia, Nicholas, Beall, James A, Becker, Daniel T, Bond, J Richard, Calabrese, Erminia, Choi, Steve K, Devlin, Mark J, Dunkley, Jo, Dünner, Rolando, Ferraro, Simone, Fox, Anna E, Gallardo, Patricio A, Guan, Yilun, Halpern, Mark, Han, Dongwon, Hasselfield, Matthew, Hill, J Colin, Hilton, Gene C, Hilton, Matt, Hincks, Adam D, Patty Ho, Shuay-Pwu, Hubmayr, J, Hughes, John P, Koopman, Brian J, Kosowsky, Arthur, Van Lanen, J, Louis, Thibaut, Lungu, Marius, MacInnis, Amanda, Maurin, Loïc, McMahon, Jeffrey, Moodley, Kavilan, Naess, Sigurd, Namikawa, Toshiya, Nati, Federico, Newburgh, Laura, Nibarger, John P, Niemack, Michael D, Page, Lyman A, Partridge, Bruce, Qu, Frank J, Robertson, Naomi, Schillaci, Alessandro, Schmitt, Benjamin, Sehgal, Neelima, Sifón, Cristóbal, Spergel, David N, Staggs, Suzanne, Storer, Emilie, van Engelen, Alexander, and Wollack, Edward J

Subjects
Astronomical Sciences, Physical Sciences, astro-ph.CO, astro-ph.GA, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics, Space sciences
Abstract

We construct cosmic microwave background lensing mass maps using data from the 2014 and 2015 seasons of observations with the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT). These maps cover 2100 square degrees of sky and overlap with a wide variety of optical surveys. The maps are signal dominated on large scales and have fidelity such that their correlation with the cosmic infrared background is clearly visible by eye. We also create lensing maps with thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich contamination removed using a novel cleaning procedure that only slightly degrades the lensing signal-to-noise ratio. The cross-spectrum between the cleaned lensing map and the BOSS CMASS galaxy sample is detected at 10σ significance, with an amplitude of A = 1.02 ± 0.10 relative to the Planck best-fitting Lambda cold dark matter cosmological model with fiducial linear galaxy bias. Our measurement lays the foundation for lensing cross-correlation science with current ACT data and beyond.

Published
2020

8. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Weighing Distant Clusters with the Most Ancient Light

Author

Madhavacheril, Mathew S, Sifón, Cristóbal, Battaglia, Nicholas, Aiola, Simone, Amodeo, Stefania, Austermann, Jason E, Beall, James A, Becker, Daniel T, Bond, J Richard, Calabrese, Erminia, Choi, Steve K, Denison, Edward V, Devlin, Mark J, Dicker, Simon R, Duff, Shannon M, Duivenvoorden, Adriaan J, Dunkley, Jo, Dünner, Rolando, Ferraro, Simone, Gallardo, Patricio A, Guan, Yilun, Han, Dongwon, Hill, J Colin, Hilton, Gene C, Hilton, Matt, Hubmayr, Johannes, Huffenberger, Kevin M, Hughes, John P, Koopman, Brian J, Kosowsky, Arthur, Van Lanen, Jeff, Lee, Eunseong, Louis, Thibaut, MacInnis, Amanda, McMahon, Jeffrey, Moodley, Kavilan, Naess, Sigurd, Namikawa, Toshiya, Nati, Federico, Newburgh, Laura, Niemack, Michael D, Page, Lyman A, Partridge, Bruce, Qu, Frank J, Robertson, Naomi C, Salatino, Maria, Schaan, Emmanuel, Schillaci, Alessandro, Schmitt, Benjamin L, Sehgal, Neelima, Sherwin, Blake D, Simon, Sara M, Spergel, David N, Staggs, Suzanne, Storer, Emilie R, Ullom, Joel N, Vale, Leila R, van Engelen, Alexander, Vavagiakis, Eve M, Wollack, Edward J, and Xu, Zhilei

Subjects
Astronomical Sciences, Physical Sciences, Cosmology, High-redshift galaxy clusters, Cosmic microwave background radiation, Gravitational lensing, astro-ph.CO, astro-ph.GA, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical sciences, Space sciences
Abstract

We use gravitational lensing of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) to measure the mass of the most distant blindly selected sample of galaxy clusters on which a lensing measurement has been performed to date. In CMB data from the the Atacama Cosmology Telescope and the Planck satellite, we detect the stacked lensing effect from 677 near-infrared-selected galaxy clusters from the Massive and Distant Clusters of WISE Survey (MaDCoWS), which have a mean redshift of zñ = 1.08. There are currently no representative optical weak lensing measurements of clusters that match the distance and average mass of this sample. We detect the lensing signal with a significance of 4.2s. We model the signal with a halo model framework to find the mean mass of the population from which these clusters are drawn. Assuming that the clusters follow Navarro–Frenk–White (NFW) density profiles, we infer a mean mass of M500cñ = (1.7 + 0.4) ´ 1014 M*. We consider systematic uncertainties from cluster redshift errors, centering errors, and the shape of the NFW profile. These are all smaller than 30% of our reported uncertainty. This work highlights the potential of CMB lensing to enable cosmological constraints from the abundance of distant clusters populating ever larger volumes of the observable universe, beyond the capabilities of optical weak lensing measurements.

Published
2020

9. Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Component-separated maps of CMB temperature and the thermal Sunyaev-Zel’dovich effect

Author

Madhavacheril, Mathew S, Hill, J Colin, Næss, Sigurd, Addison, Graeme E, Aiola, Simone, Baildon, Taylor, Battaglia, Nicholas, Bean, Rachel, Bond, J Richard, Calabrese, Erminia, Calafut, Victoria, Choi, Steve K, Darwish, Omar, Datta, Rahul, Devlin, Mark J, Dunkley, Joanna, Dünner, Rolando, Ferraro, Simone, Gallardo, Patricio A, Gluscevic, Vera, Halpern, Mark, Han, Dongwon, Hasselfield, Matthew, Hilton, Matt, Hincks, Adam D, Hložek, Renée, Ho, Shuay-Pwu Patty, Huffenberger, Kevin M, Hughes, John P, Koopman, Brian J, Kosowsky, Arthur, Lokken, Martine, Louis, Thibaut, Lungu, Marius, MacInnis, Amanda, Maurin, Loïc, McMahon, Jeffrey J, Moodley, Kavilan, Nati, Federico, Niemack, Michael D, Page, Lyman A, Partridge, Bruce, Robertson, Naomi, Sehgal, Neelima, Schaan, Emmanuel, Schillaci, Alessandro, Sherwin, Blake D, Sifón, Cristóbal, Simon, Sara M, Spergel, David N, Staggs, Suzanne T, Storer, Emilie R, van Engelen, Alexander, Vavagiakis, Eve M, Wollack, Edward J, and Xu, Zhilei

Subjects
Particle and High Energy Physics, Astronomical Sciences, Physical Sciences, astro-ph.CO, astro-ph.GA
Abstract

Optimal analyses of many signals in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) require map-level extraction of individual components in the microwave sky, rather than measurements at the power spectrum level alone. To date, nearly all map-level component separation in CMB analyses has been performed exclusively using satellite data. In this paper, we implement a component separation method based on the internal linear combination (ILC) approach which we have designed to optimally account for the anisotropic noise (in the 2D Fourier domain) often found in ground-based CMB experiments. Using this method, we combine multifrequency data from the Planck satellite and the Atacama Cosmology Telescope Polarimeter (ACTPol) to construct the first wide-area (≈2100 sq. deg.), arcminute-resolution component-separated maps of the CMB temperature anisotropy and the thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (tSZ) effect sourced by the inverse-Compton scattering of CMB photons off hot, ionized gas. Our ILC pipeline allows for explicit deprojection of various contaminating signals, including a modified blackbody approximation of the cosmic infrared background (CIB) spectral energy distribution. The cleaned CMB maps will be a useful resource for CMB lensing reconstruction, kinematic SZ cross-correlations, and primordial non-Gaussianity studies. The tSZ maps will be used to study the pressure profiles of galaxies, groups, and clusters through cross-correlations with halo catalogs, with dust contamination controlled via CIB deprojection. The data products described in this paper are available on LAMBDA.

Published
2020

10. CMB-HD: Astro2020 RFI Response

Author

Sehgal, Neelima, Aiola, Simone, Akrami, Yashar, Basu, Kaustuv moni, Boylan-Kolchin, Michael, Bryan, Sean, Casey, Caitlin M, Clesse, Sébastien, Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan, Mascolo, Luca Di, Dicker, Simon, Essinger-Hileman, Thomas, Ferraro, Simone, Fuller, George, Galitzki, Nicholas, Han, Dongwon, Hasselfield, Matthew, Holder, Gil, Jain, Bhuvnesh, Johnson, Bradley R, Johnson, Matthew, Klaassen, Pamela, MacInnis, Amanda, Madhavacheril, Mathew, Mauskopf, Philip, Meerburg, Daan, Meyers, Joel, Mroczkowski, Tony, Mukherjee, Suvodip, Münchmeyer, Moritz, Naess, Sigurd Kirkevold, Nagai, Daisuke, Namikawa, Toshiya, Newburgh, Laura, Nguyen, Nam, Niemack, Michael, Oppenheimer, Benjamin D, Pierpaoli, Elena, Schaan, Emmanuel, Sherwin, Blake, Slosar, Anže, Spergel, David, Switzer, Eric, Trivedi, Pranjal, Tsai, Yu-Dai, Engelen, Alexander van, Wandelt, Benjamin, and Wollack, Edward

Subjects
astro-ph.CO, astro-ph.IM, hep-ph
Abstract

CMB-HD is a proposed ultra-deep (0.5 uk-arcmin), high-resolution (15arcseconds) millimeter-wave survey over half the sky that would answer manyoutstanding questions in both fundamental physics of the Universe andastrophysics. This survey would be delivered in 7.5 years of observing 20,000square degrees, using two new 30-meter-class off-axis cross-Dragone telescopesto be located at Cerro Toco in the Atacama Desert. Each telescope would field800,000 detectors (200,000 pixels), for a total of 1.6 million detectors.

Published
2020

11. Snowmass2021 CMB-HD White Paper

Author

HD Collaboration, Aiola, Simone, Akrami, Yashar, Basu, Kaustuv, Boylan-Kolchin, Michael, Brinckmann, Thejs, Bryan, Sean, Casey, Caitlin M., Chluba, Jens, Clesse, Sebastien, Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan, Di Mascolo, Luca, Dicker, Simon, Essinger-Hileman, Thomas, Farren, Gerrit S., Fedderke, Michael A., Ferraro, Simone, Fuller, George M., Galitzki, Nicholas, Gluscevic, Vera, Grin, Daniel, Han, Dongwon, Hasselfield, Matthew, Hlozek, Renee, Holder, Gil, Hotinli, Selim C., Jain, Bhuvnesh, Johnson, Bradley, Johnson, Matthew, Klaassen, Pamela, MacInnis, Amanda, Madhavacheril, Mathew, Mandal, Sayan, Mauskopf, Philip, Meerburg, Daan, Meyers, Joel, Miranda, Vivian, Mroczkowski, Tony, Mukherjee, Suvodip, Munchmeyer, Moritz, Munoz, Julian, Naess, Sigurd, Nagai, Daisuke, Namikawa, Toshiya, Newburgh, Laura, Nguyen, Ho Nam, Niemack, Michael, Oppenheimer, Benjamin D., Pierpaoli, Elena, Raghunathan, Srinivasan, Schaan, Emmanuel, Sehgal, Neelima, Sherwin, Blake, Simon, Sara M., Slosar, Anze, Smith, Kendrick, Spergel, David, Switzer, Eric R., Trivedi, Pranjal, Tsai, Yu-Dai, van Engelen, Alexander, Wandelt, Benjamin D., Wollack, Edward J., and Wu, Kimmy

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), hep-ex, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, astro-ph.CO, FOS: Physical sciences, hep-ph, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

CMB-HD is a proposed millimeter-wave survey over half the sky that would be ultra-deep (0.5 uK-arcmin) and have unprecedented resolution (15 arcseconds at 150 GHz). Such a survey would answer many outstanding questions about the fundamental physics of the Universe. Major advances would be 1.) the use of gravitational lensing of the primordial microwave background to map the distribution of matter on small scales (k~10 h Mpc^(-1)), which probes dark matter particle properties. It will also allow 2.) measurements of the thermal and kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effects on small scales to map the gas density and velocity, another probe of cosmic structure. In addition, CMB-HD would allow us to cross critical thresholds: 3.) ruling out or detecting any new, light (< 0.1 eV) particles that were in thermal equilibrium with known particles in the early Universe, 4.) testing a wide class of multi-field models that could explain an epoch of inflation in the early Universe, and 5.) ruling out or detecting inflationary magnetic fields. CMB-HD would also provide world-leading constraints on 6.) axion-like particles, 7.) cosmic birefringence, 8.) the sum of the neutrino masses, and 9.) the dark energy equation of state. The CMB-HD survey would be delivered in 7.5 years of observing 20,000 square degrees of sky, using two new 30-meter-class off-axis crossed Dragone telescopes to be located at Cerro Toco in the Atacama Desert. Each telescope would field 800,000 detectors (200,000 pixels), for a total of 1.6 million detectors., Contribution to Snowmass 2021. Note some text overlap with CMB-HD Astro2020 APC and RFI (arXiv:1906.10134, arXiv:2002.12714). Science case further broadened and updated

Published
2022
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12. Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Combined kinematic and thermal Sunyaev-Zel’dovich measurements from BOSS CMASS and LOWZ halos

Author

Schaan, Emmanuel, Ferraro, Simone, Amodeo, Stefania, Battaglia, Nick, Aiola, Simone, Austermann, Jason E., Beall, James A., Bean, Rachel, Becker, Daniel T., Bond, Richard J., Calabrese, Erminia, Calafut, Victoria, Choi, Steve K., Denison, Edward V., Devlin, Mark J., Duff, Shannon M., Duivenvoorden, Adriaan J., Dunkley, Jo, Dünner, Rolando, Gallardo, Patricio A., Guan, Yilun, Han, Dongwon, Hill, J. Colin, Hilton, Gene C., Hilton, Matt, Hložek, Renée, Hubmayr, Johannes, Huffenberger, Kevin M., Hughes, John P., Koopman, Brian J., MacInnis, Amanda, McMahon, Jeff, Madhavacheril, Mathew S., Moodley, Kavilan, Mroczkowski, Tony, Naess, Sigurd, Nati, Federico, Newburgh, Laura B., Niemack, Michael D., Page, Lyman A., Partridge, Bruce, Salatino, Maria, Sehgal, Neelima, Schillaci, Alessandro, Sifón, Cristóbal, Smith, Kendrick M., Spergel, David N., Staggs, Suzanne, Storer, Emilie R., Trac, Hy, Page, A., Ullom, Joel N., Van Lanen, Jeff, R. Vale, Leila, van Engelen, Alexander, Vargas Magaña, Mariana, M. Vavagiakis, Eve, Wollack, Edward J., Xu, Zhilei, Schaan, E, Ferraro, S, Amodeo, S, Battaglia, N, Aiola, S, Austermann, J, Beall, J, Bean, R, Becker, D, Bond, R, Calabrese, E, Calafut, V, Choi, S, Denison, E, Devlin, M, Duff, S, Duivenvoorden, A, Dunkley, J, Dunner, R, Gallardo, P, Guan, Y, Han, D, Hill, J, Hilton, G, Hilton, M, Hlozek, R, Hubmayr, J, Huffenberger, K, Hughes, J, Koopman, B, Macinnis, A, Mcmahon, J, Madhavacheril, M, Moodley, K, Mroczkowski, T, Naess, S, Nati, F, Newburgh, L, Niemack, M, Page, L, Partridge, B, Salatino, M, Sehgal, N, Schillaci, A, Sifon, C, Smith, K, Spergel, D, Staggs, S, Storer, E, Trac, H, Ullom, J, Van Lanen, J, Vale, L, Van Engelen, A, Magana, M, Vavagiakis, E, Wollack, E, and Xu, Z

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), astro-ph.GA, Cosmic microwave background, FOS: Physical sciences, High resolution, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, CMB, 01 natural sciences, Atomic, symbols.namesake, Particle and Plasma Physics, 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear, Planck, 010306 general physics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, Quantum Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Molecular, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Redshift, Galaxy, 13. Climate action, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Atacama Cosmology Telescope, symbols, astro-ph.CO, Halo, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

The scattering of cosmic microwave background (CMB) photons off the free-electron gas in galaxies and clusters leaves detectable imprints on high resolution CMB maps: the thermal and kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effects (tSZ and kSZ respectively). We use combined microwave maps from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) DR5 and Planck in combination with the CMASS and LOWZ galaxy catalogs from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS DR10 and DR12), to study the gas associated with these galaxy groups. Using individual reconstructed velocities, we perform a stacking analysis and reject the no-kSZ hypothesis at 6.5$\sigma$, the highest significance to date. This directly translates into a measurement of the electron number density profile, and thus of the gas density profile. Despite the limited signal to noise, the measurement shows at high significance that the gas density profile is more extended than the dark matter density profile, for any reasonable baryon abundance (formally $>90\sigma$ for the cosmic baryon abundance). We simultaneously measure the tSZ signal, i.e. the electron thermal pressure profile of the same CMASS objects, and reject the no-tSZ hypothesis at 10$\sigma$. We combine tSZ and kSZ measurements to estimate the electron temperature to 20% precision in several aperture bins, and find it comparable to the virial temperature. In a companion paper, we analyze these measurements to constrain the gas thermodynamics and the properties of feedback inside galaxy groups. We present the corresponding LOWZ measurements in this paper, ruling out a null kSZ (tSZ) signal at 2.9 (13.9)$\sigma$, and leave their interpretation to future work. Our stacking software ThumbStack is publicly available at https://github.com/EmmanuelSchaan/ThumbStack and directly applicable to future Simons Observatory and CMB-S4 data., Comment: Accepted in Physical Review D, Editors' Suggestion

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