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1. The AGILE Mission

Author

Tavani M, Barbiellini G, Argan A, Boffelli F, Bulgarelli A, Caraveo P, Cattaneo PW, Chen AW, Cocco V, Costa E, Del Monte E, De Paris G, Di Cocco G, Di Persio G, Donnarumma I, Evangelista Y, Feroci M, Ferrari A, Fiorini M, Fornari F, Fuschino F, Froysland T, Frutti M, Galli M, Gianotti F, Giuliani A, Labanti C, Lapshov I, Lazzarotto F, Liello F, Lipari P, Longo F, Mattaini E, Marisaldi M, Mastropietro M, Mauri A, Mauri F, Mereghetti S, Morelli E, Morselli A, Pacciani L, Pellizzoni A, Perotti F, Piano G, Picozza P, Pontoni C, Porrovecchio G, Prest M, Pucella G, Rapisarda M, Rappoldi A, Rossi E, Rubini A, Soffitta P, Traci A, Trifoglio M, Trois A, Vallazza E, Vercellone S, Vittorini V, Zambra A, Zanello D, Pittori C, Preger B, Santolamazza P, Verrecchia F, Giommi P, Colafrancesco S, Antonelli A, Cutini S, Gasparrini D, Stellato S, Fanari G, Primavera R, Tamburelli F, Viola F, Guarrera G, Salotti L, D'Amico F, Marchetti E, Crisconio M, Sabatini P, Annoni G, Alia S, Longoni A, Sanquerin R, Battilana M, Concari P, Dessimone E, Grossi R, Parise A, Monzani F, Artina E, Pavesi R, Marseguerra G, Nicolini L, Scandelli L, Soli L, Vettorello V, Zardetto E, Bonati A, Maltecca L, D'Alba E, Patane M, Babini G, Onorati F, Acquaroli L, Angelucci M, Morelli B, Agostara C, Cerone M, Michetti A, Tempesta P, D'Eramo S, Rocca F, Giannini F, Borghi G, Garavelli B, Conte M, Balasini M, Ferrario I, Vanotti M, Collavo E, Giacomazzo M., D'AMMANDO, FILIPPO, M., Tavani, G., Barbiellini, A., Argan, F., Boffelli, A., Bulgarelli, P., Caraveo, P. W., Cattaneo, A. W., Chen, V., Cocco, E., Costa, F., D'Ammando, E. D., Monte, G. D., Pari, G. D., Cocco, G. D., Persio, I., Donnarumma, Y., Evangelista, M., Feroci, A., Ferrari, M., Fiorini, F., Fornari, F., Fuschino, T., Froysland, M., Frutti, M., Galli, F., Gianotti, A., Giuliani, C., Labanti, I., Lapshov, F., Lazzarotto, F., Liello, P., Lipari, Longo, Francesco, E., Mattaini, M., Marisaldi, M., Mastropietro, A., Mauri, F., Mauri, S., Mereghetti, E., Morelli, A., Morselli, L., Pacciani, A., Pellizzoni, F., Perotti, G., Piano, P., Picozza, C., Pontoni, G., Porrovecchio, M., Prest, G., Pucella, M., Rapisarda, A., Rappoldi, E., Rossi, A., Rubini, P., Soffitta, A., Traci, M., Trifoglio, A., Troi, E., Vallazza, S., Vercellone, V., Vittorini, A., Zambra, D., Zanello, C., Pittori, B., Preger, P., Santolamazza, F., Verrecchia, P., Giommi, S., Colafrancesco, A., Antonelli, S., Cutini, D., Gasparrini, S., Stellato, G., Fanari, R., Primavera, F., Tamburelli, F., Viola, G., Guarrera, L., Salotti, F., D'Amico, E., Marchetti, M., Crisconio, P., Sabatini, G., Annoni, S., Alia, A., Longoni, R., Sanquerin, M., Battilana, P., Concari, E., Dessimone, R., Grossi, A., Parise, F., Monzani, E., Artina, R., Pavesi, G., Marseguerra, L., Nicolini, L., Scandelli, L., Soli, V., Vettorello, E., Zardetto, A., Bonati, L., Maltecca, E., D'Alba, M., Patane, G., Babini, F., Onorati, L., Acquaroli, M., Angelucci, B., Morelli, C., Agostara, M., Cerone, A., Michetti, P., Tempesta, S., D'Eramo, F., Rocca, F., Giannini, G., Borghi, B., Garavelli, M., Conte, M., Balasini, I., Ferrario, M., Vanotti, E., Collavo, M., Giacomazzo, Tavani M, Barbiellini G, Argan A, Boffelli F, Bulgarelli A, Caraveo P, Cattaneo PW, Chen AW, Cocco V, Costa E, DAmmando F, Del Monte E, De Paris G, Di Cocco G, Di Persio G, Donnarumma I, Evangelista Y, Feroci M, Ferrari A, Fiorini M, Fornari F, Fuschino F, Froysland T, Frutti M, Galli M, Gianotti F, Giuliani A, Labanti C, Lapshov I, Lazzarotto F, Liello F, Lipari P, Longo F, Mattaini E, Marisaldi M, Mastropietro M, Mauri A, Mauri F, Mereghetti S, Morelli E, Morselli A, Pacciani L, Pellizzoni A, Perotti F, Piano G, Picozza P, Pontoni C, Porrovecchio G, Prest M, Pucella G, Rapisarda M, Rappoldi A, Rossi E, Rubini A, Soffitta P, Traci A, Trifoglio M, Trois A, Vallazza E, Vercellone S, Vittorini V, Zambra A, Zanello D, Pittori C, Preger B, Santolamazza P, Verrecchia F, Giommi P, Colafrancesco S, Antonelli A, Cutini S, Gasparrini D, Stellato S, Fanari G, Primavera R, Tamburelli F, Viola F, Guarrera G, Salotti L, D'Amico F, Marchetti E, Crisconio M, Sabatini P, Annoni G, Alia S, Longoni A, Sanquerin R, Battilana M, Concari P, Dessimone E, Grossi R, Parise A, Monzani F, Artina E, Pavesi R, Marseguerra G, Nicolini L, Scandelli L, Soli L, Vettorello V, Zardetto E, Bonati A, Maltecca L, D'Alba E, Patane M, Babini G, Onorati F, Acquaroli L, Angelucci M, Morelli B, Agostara C, Cerone M, Michetti A, Tempesta P, D'Eramo S, Rocca F, Giannini F, Borghi G, Garavelli B, Conte M, Balasini M, Ferrario I, Vanotti M, Collavo E, and Giacomazzo M

Subjects
Agile, Active galactic nucleus, gamma and X ray detection, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, media_common.quotation_subject, satellite, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, Pulsar, astro-ph, Angular resolution, media_common, Physics, Calorimeter (particle physics), Astrophysics (astro-ph), Detector, AGILE satellite, Detectors, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Universe, Supernova, Space and Planetary Science, Orbit (dynamics), instrumentation: detectors – techniques: high angular resolution – techniques: image processing – gamma rays: observations – X-rays: general
Abstract

AGILE is an Italian Space Agency mission dedicated to the observation of the gamma-ray Universe. The AGILE very innovative instrumentation combines for the first time a gamma-ray imager (sensitive in the energy range 30 MeV - 50 GeV), a hard X-ray imager (sensitive in the range 18-60 keV) together with a Calorimeter (sensitive in the range 300 keV - 100 MeV) and an anticoincidence system. AGILE was successfully launched on April 23, 2007 from the Indian base of Sriharikota and was inserted in an equatorial orbit with a very low particle background. AGILE provides crucial data for the study of Active Galactic Nuclei, Gamma-Ray Bursts, pulsars, unidentified gamma-ray sources, Galactic compact objects, supernova remnants, TeV sources, and fundamental physics by microsecond timing. An optimal angular resolution (reaching 0.1-0.2 degrees in gamma-rays, 1-2 arcminutes in hard X-rays) and very large fields of view (2.5 sr and 1 sr, respectively) are obtained by the use of Silicon detectors integrated in a very compact instrument. The paper describes the AGILE Mission and its space and ground segments., 20 pages, 26 figures. submitted to Astron. & Astrophys

Published
2009

2. GRB 070724B: the first gamma ray burst localized by SuperAGILE and its Swift X-ray afterglow

Author

F. Mauri, Marco Feroci, Luigi Pacciani, P. Lipari, M. Galli, Piergiorgio Picozza, Massimo Rapisarda, A. Argan, Andrea Bulgarelli, L. A. Antonelli, Claudio Labanti, Enrico Costa, F. Verrecchia, B. Preger, P. A. Caraveo, Neil Gehrels, V. Vittorini, E. Vallazza, M. Trifoglio, E. Del Monte, C. Pittori, A. Pellizzoni, P. Romano, S. Vercellone, F. Perotti, A. Giuliani, G. Di Cocco, L. Salotti, A. Zambra, J. P. Osborne, David N. Burrows, L. Foggetta, M. Prest, I. Lapshov, Alessio Trois, Paolo Soffitta, M. Basset, Sandro Mereghetti, Francesco Lazzarotto, Y. Evangelista, V. La Parola, Martino Marisaldi, P. T. O'Brien, G. Chincarini, Marco Tavani, I. Donnarumma, A. W. Chen, Fulvio Gianotti, F. Fuschino, A. Morselli, G. Barbiellini, Paolo Giommi, Francesco Longo, G. Pucella, DEL MONTE, E, Feroci, M, Pacciani, L, Evangelista, Y, Donnarumma, I, Soffitta, P, Costa, E, Lapshov, I, Lazzarotto, F, Rapisarda, M, Argan, A, BARBIELLINI AMIDEI, Guido, Basset, M, Bulgarelli, A, Caraveo, P, Chen, A, DI COCCO, G, Foggetta, L, Fuschino, F, Galli, M, Gianotti, F, Giuliani, A, Labanti, C, Lipari, P, Longo, Francesco, Marisaldi, M, Mauri, F, Mereghetti, S, Morselli, A, Pellizzoni, A, Perotti, F, Picozza, P, Prest, M, Pucella, G, Tavani, M, Trifoglio, M, Trois, A, Vallazza, E, Vercellone, S, Vittorini, V, Zambra, A, Romano, P, BURROWS D., N, Chincarini, G, Gehrels, N, LA PAROLA, V, O'BRIEN P., T, OSBORNE J., P, Preger, B, Pittori, C, ANTONELLI L., A, Verrecchia, F, Giommi, P, and Salotti, L.

Subjects
Physics, Swift, Very large array, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics (astro-ph), X-ray, Gamma ray, FOS: Physical sciences, AGILE satellite, GRB 070724B, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, law.invention, Afterglow, Telescope, Space and Planetary Science, law, Gamma-ray burst, computer, computer.programming_language
Abstract

GRB 070724B is the first Gamma Ray Burst localized by SuperAGILE, the hard X-ray monitor aboard the AGILE satellite. The coordinates of the event were published $\sim 19$ hours after the trigger. The Swift X-Ray Telescope pointed at the SuperAGILE location and detected the X-ray afterglow inside the SuperAGILE error circle. The AGILE gamma-ray Tracker and Minicalorimeter did not detect any significant gamma ray emission associated with GRB 070724B in the MeV and GeV range, neither prompt nor delayed. Searches of the optical afterglow were performed by the Swift UVOT and the Palomar automated 60-inch telescopes without any significant detection. Similarly the Very Large Array did not detect a radio afterglow. This is the first GRB event with a firm upper limit in the 100 MeV -- 30 GeV energy range, associated with an X-ray afterglow., Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures (of which 2 in color), contains online material. Accepted for publication by Astronomy & Astrophysics Letters

Published
2007
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3. A year-long AGILE observation of Cygnus X-1 in hard spectral state

Author

A. W. Chen, Francesco Lazzarotto, A. Morselli, Marco Feroci, Luigi Pacciani, E. Striani, S. Vercellone, M. Prest, C. Pittori, I. Lapshov, I. Donnarumma, E. Del Monte, Sandro Mereghetti, A. Argan, M. Galli, P. W. Cattaneo, Piergiorgio Picozza, Massimo Rapisarda, F. Fuschino, Andrea Bulgarelli, F. Perotti, A. Pellizzoni, G. Di Cocco, F. Verrecchia, Enrico Costa, Elena Moretti, Filippo D'Ammando, G. Piano, A. Rappoldi, E. Vallazza, S. Cutini, A. Giuliani, P. A. Caraveo, L. Salotti, Paolo Soffitta, Claudio Labanti, A. Zambra, Francesco Longo, L. A. Antonelli, Guido Barbiellini, Martino Marisaldi, Paolo Lipari, P. Santolamazza, Paolo Giommi, Marco Tavani, S. Sabatini, V. Vittorini, M. Trifoglio, Maura Pilia, Alessio Trois, Fulvio Gianotti, B. Preger, F. Boffelli, Y. Evangelista, G. Pucella, Del Monte E, Feroci M, Evangelista Y, Costa E, Donnarumma I, Lapshov I, Lazzarotto F, Pacciani L, Rapisarda M, Soffitta P, Argan A, Barbiellini G, Boffelli F, Bulgarelli A, Caraveo P, Cattaneo PW, Chen A, DAmmando F, Di Cocco G, Fuschino F, Galli M, Gianotti F, Giuliani A, Labanti C, Lipari P, Longo F, Marisaldi M, Mereghetti S, Moretti E, Morselli A, Pellizzoni A, Perotti F, Piano G, Picozza P, Pilia M, Prest M, Pucella G, Rappoldi A, Sabatini S, Striani E, Tavani M, Trifoglio M, Trois A, Vallazza E, Vercellone S, Vittorini V, Zambra A, Antonelli LA, Cutini S, Pittori C, Preger B, Santolamazza P, Verrecchia F, Giommi P, Salotti L, E. D., Monte, M., Feroci, Y., Evangelista, E., Costa, I., Donnarumma, I., Lapshov, F., Lazzarotto, L., Pacciani, M., Rapisarda, P., Soffitta, A., Argan, G., Barbiellini, F., Boffelli, A., Bulgarelli, P., Caraveo, P. W., Cattaneo, A., Chen, F., D'Ammando, G. D., Cocco, F., Fuschino, M., Galli, F., Gianotti, A., Giuliani, C., Labanti, P., Lipari, Longo, Francesco, M., Marisaldi, S., Mereghetti, E., Moretti, A., Morselli, A., Pellizzoni, F., Perotti, G., Piano, P., Picozza, M., Pilia, M., Prest, G., Pucella, A., Rappoldi, S., Sabatini, E., Striani, M., Tavani, M., Trifoglio, A., Troi, E., Vallazza, S., Vercellone, V., Vittorini, A., Zambra, L. A., Antonelli, S., Cutini, C., Pittori, B., Preger, P., Santolamazza, F., Verrecchia, P., Giommi, and L., Salotti

Subjects
Agile, Black Holes, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Hadron, Phase (waves), Flux, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, cignus, High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, X-ray, binaries, silicon detector, Range (statistics), Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Autocorrelation, Gamma ray, Static timing analysis, Astronomy and Astrophysics, stars: individual: Cyg X-1, gamma rays: observations, X-rays: binaries, X-rays: general, Space and Planetary Science, AGILE satellite, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract

We present the observation of Cyg X-1 in hard spectral state performed during the AGILE Science Verification Phase and Observing Cycle 1 in hard X-rays (with SuperAGILE) and gamma rays (with the GRID) and lasting for about 160 days with a live time of $\sim 6$ Ms. We investigate the variability of Cyg X-1 in hard X-rays at different timescales, from $\sim 300$ s up to one day, and we apply different tools of timing analysis, such as the autocorrelation function, the first order structure function and the Lomb-Scargle periodogram, to our data (from SuperAGILE) and to the simultaneous data in soft X-rays (from RXTE/ASM). We conclude our investigation with a search for emission in the energy range above 100 MeV with the maximum likelihood technique. In the hard X-ray band the flux of Cyg X-1 shows its typical erratic fluctuations at all timescales with variations of about a factor of two that do not affect significantly the shape of the energy spectrum. From the first order structure function we find that the X-ray emission of Cyg X-1 is characterized by \textit{antipersistence}, indication of a negative feedback mechanism at work. In the gamma ray data a statistically significant point-like source at the position of Cyg X-1 is not found and the upper limit on the flux is $\mathrm{5 \times 10^{-8} \; ph \; cm^{-2} \; s^{-1}}$, over the whole observation (160 days). Finally we compare our upper limit in gamma rays with the expectation of various models of the Cyg X-1 emission, of both hadronic and leptonic origin, in the GeV -- TeV band. The time history of Cyg X-1 in the hard X-ray band over 13 months (not continuous) is shown. Different tools of analysis do not provide fully converging results of the characteristic timescales in the system, suggesting that the timescales found in the structure function are not intrinsic to the physics of the source., Comment: 15 pages and 11 figures (with subfigures). Accepted for publication by A&A.

Published
2010

4. TEMPORAL PROPERTIES OF GX 301-2 OVER A YEAR-LONG OBSERVATION WITH SuperAGILE

Author

A. Pellizzoni, F. Fuschino, L. A. Antonelli, A. W. Chen, S. Cutini, Paolo Soffitta, G. Pucella, Marco Feroci, Luigi Pacciani, F. Perotti, P. Santolamazza, M. Prest, E. Striani, M. Galli, A. Argan, Piergiorgio Picozza, Paolo Lipari, Francesco Lazzarotto, I. Lapshov, Andrea Bulgarelli, F. Verrecchia, Filippo D'Ammando, Enrico Costa, Marco Tavani, G. Di Cocco, G. Piano, S. Sabatini, Massimo Rapisarda, Paolo Giommi, A. Morselli, Francesco Longo, Sandro Mereghetti, F. Boffelli, P. W. Cattaneo, Y. Evangelista, A. Giuliani, Guido Barbiellini, E. Del Monte, Martino Marisaldi, S. Vercellone, L. Salotti, A. Zambra, I. Donnarumma, P. A. Caraveo, Claudio Labanti, Elena Moretti, A. Rappoldi, E. Vallazza, Fulvio Gianotti, V. Vittorini, M. Trifoglio, Maura Pilia, Alessio Trois, B. Preger, C. Pittori, Y., Evangelista, M., Feroci, E., Costa, E. D., Monte, I., Donnarumma, I., Lapshov, F., Lazzarotto, L., Pacciani, M., Rapisarda, P., Soffitta, A., Argan, G., Barbiellini, F., Boffelli, A., Bulgarelli, P., Caraveo, P. W., Cattaneo, A., Chen, F., D'Ammando, G. D., Cocco, F., Fuschino, M., Galli, F., Gianotti, A., Giuliani, C., Labanti, P., Lipari, Longo, Francesco, M., Marisaldi, S., Mereghetti, E., Moretti, A., Morselli, A., Pellizzoni, F., Perotti, G., Piano, P., Picozza, M., Pilia, M., Prest, G., Pucella, A., Rappoldi, S., Sabatini, E., Striani, M., Tavani, M., Trifoglio, A., Troi, E., Vallazza, S., Vercellone, V., Vittorini, A., Zambra, L. A., Antonelli, S., Cutini, C., Pittori, B., Preger, P., Santolamazza, F., Verrecchia, P., Giommi, L., Salotti, Evangelista Y, Feroci M, Costa E, Del Monte E, Donnarumma I, Lapshov I, Lazzarotto F, Pacciani L, Rapisarda M, Soffitta P, Argan A, Barbiellini G, Boffelli F, Bulgarelli A, Caraveo P, Cattaneo PW, Chen A, DAmmando F, Di Cocco G, Fuschino F, Galli M, Gianotti F, Giuliani A, Labanti C, Lipari P, Longo F, Marisaldi M, Mereghetti S, Moretti E, Morselli A, Pellizzoni A, Perotti F, Piano G, Picozza P, Pilia M, Prest M, Pucella G, Rappoldi A, Sabatini S, Striani E, Tavani M, Trifoglio M, Trois A, Vallazza E, Vercellone S, Vittorini V, Zambra A, Antonelli LA, Cutini S, Pittori C, Preger B, Santolamazza P, Verrecchia F, Giommi P, and Salotti L

Subjects
Agile, SuperAGILE, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Phase (waves), Flux, FOS: Physical sciences, X-ray binary GX 301-2, pulsar, Astrophysics, High Mass X-ray Binaries, High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, law.invention, stars: neutron, X-rays: binaries, Pulsar, law, pulsars: individual (GX 3012), Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Accretion (meteorology), Astronomy and Astrophysics, AGILE satellite, Light curve, Orbital period, Secular variation, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Flare
Abstract

We present the long-term monitoring of the High Mass X-ray Binary GX 301-2 performed with the SuperAGILE instrument on-board the AGILE mission. The source was monitored in the 20-60 keV energy band during the first year of the mission from 2007 July 17 to 2008 August 31, covering about one whole orbital period and three more pre-periastron passages for a total net observation time of about 3.7 Ms. The SuperAGILE dataset represents one of the most continuous and complete monitoring at hard X-ray energies of the 41.5 day long binary period available to date. The source behavior was characterized at all orbital phases in terms of hard X-ray flux, spectral hardness, spin period history, pulsed fraction and pulse shape profile. We also complemented the SuperAGILE observations with the soft X-ray data of the RossiXTE/ASM. Our analysis shows a clear orbital modulation of the spectral hardness, with peaks in correspondence with the pre-periastron flare and near phase 0.25. The hardness peaks we found could be related with the wind-plus-stream accretion model proposed in order to explain the orbital light curve modulation of GX 301-2. Timing analysis of the pulsar spin period shows that the secular trend of the about 680 s pulse period is consistent with the previous observations, although there is evidence of a slight decrease in the spin-down rate. The analysis of the hard X-ray pulsed emission also showed a variable pulse shape profile as a function of the orbital phase, with substructures detected near the passage at the periastron, and a clear modulation of the pulsed fraction, which appears in turn strongly anti-correlated with the source intensity., 10 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ

Published
2010

5. AGILE detection of a rapid gamma-ray flare from the blazar PKS 1510-089 during the GASP-WEBT monitoring

Author

Dario Gasparrini, A. W. Chen, Alan P. Marscher, P. Giommi, C. Pittori, Filippo D'Ammando, T. Froysland, A. Argan, Andrea Bulgarelli, Enrico Costa, M. Sorcia, Carla Buemi, F. Fuschino, Svetlana G. Jorstad, Massimo Rapisarda, Marco Feroci, Arnaud Ferrari, Luigi Pacciani, Uwe Bach, Corrado Trigilio, F. Boffelli, G. De Paris, Jochen Heidt, L. A. Antonelli, Deborah Dultzin, F. Perotti, Raúl Mújica, C. M. Raiteri, Lars Fuhrmann, G. Umana, D. Zanello, A. Zambra, A. Morselli, Mark Gurwell, Paolo Soffitta, Margo F. Aller, Kari Nilsson, Marco Tavani, E. Vallazza, Wen Ping Chen, Tatiana S. Konstantinova, S. Sabatini, I. M. McHardy, Ekaterina Koptelova, A. Rappoldi, M. Fiorini, Ivan Agudo, Martino Marisaldi, José L. Gómez, V. Cocco, J. M. Lopez, Valeri M. Larionov, S. Vercellone, Elina Lindfors, A. Pellizzoni, E. Del Monte, H. Y. Hsiao, G. Pucella, F. Longo, I. Lapshov, L. Salotti, Ivan S. Troitsky, A. Giuliani, Sandro Mereghetti, Paolo Lipari, L. O. Takalo, Mar Roca-Sogorb, P. W. Cattaneo, Omar M. Kurtanidze, Brian W. Taylor, G. Di Rico, M. Trifoglio, David Hiriart, S. Colafrancesco, P. Picozza, G. Barbiellini, G. Piano, Hugh D. Aller, Fulvio Gianotti, Maura Pilia, Alessio Trois, A. A. Arkharov, B. Preger, G. Di Cocco, Givi N. Kimeridze, S. Cutini, Claudio Labanti, Erika Benítez, P. Santolamazza, I. Donnarumma, Y. Evangelista, A. Di Paola, M. Galli, E. N. Kopatskaya, P. A. Caraveo, Paolo Leto, F. Verrecchia, Michael Mommert, Francesco Lazzarotto, Andrei Berdyugin, M. Pasanen, D. A. Melnichuk, M. Prest, M. Villata, D. Blinov, V. Vittorini, DAmmando F, Pucella G, Raiteri CM, Villata M, Vittorini V, Vercellone S, Donnarumma I, Longo F, Tavani M, Argan A, Barbiellini G, Boffelli F, Bulgarelli A, Caraveo P, Cattaneo PW, Chen AW, Cocco V, Costa E, Del Monte E, De Paris G, Di Cocco G, Evangelista Y, Feroci M, Ferrari A, Fiorini M, Froysland T, Fuschino F, Galli M, Gianotti F, Giuliani A, Labanti C, Lapshov I, Lazzarotto F, Lipari P, Marisaldi M, Mereghetti S, Morselli A, Pacciani L, Pellizzoni A, Perotti F, Piano G, Picozza P, Pilia M, Prest M, Rapisarda M, Rappoldi A, Sabatini S, Soffitta P, Trifoglio M, Trois A, Vallazza E, Zambra A, Zanello D, Agudo I, Aller MF, Aller HD, Arkharov AA, Bach U, Benitez E, Berdyugin A, Blinov DA, Buemi CS, Chen WP, Di Paola A, Di Rico G, Dultzin D, Fuhrmann L, Gomez JL, Gurwell MA, Jorstad SG, Heidt J, Hiriart D, Hsiao HY, Kimeridze G, Konstantinova TS, Kopatskaya EN, Koptelova E, Kurtanidze O, Larionov VM, Leto P, Lindfors E, Lopez JM, Marscher AP, McHardy IM, Melnichuk DA, Mommert M, Mujica R, Nilsson K, Pasanen M, Roca-Sogorb M, Sorcia M, Takalo LO, Taylor B, Trigilio C, Troitsky IS, Umana G, Antonelli LA, Colafrancesco S, Cutini S, Gasparrini D, Pittori C, Preger B, Santolamazza P, Verrecchia F, Giommi P, Salotti L, F., D'Ammando, G., Pucella, C. M., Raiteri, M., Villata, V., Vittorini, S., Vercellone, I., Donnarumma, Longo, Francesco, M., Tavani, A., Argan, G., Barbiellini, F., Boffelli, A., Bulgarelli, P., Caraveo, P. W., Cattaneo, A. W., Chen, V., Cocco, E., Costa, E. D., Monte, G. D., Pari, G. D., Cocco, Y., Evangelista, M., Feroci, A., Ferrari, M., Fiorini, T., Froysland, F., Fuschino, M., Galli, F., Gianotti, A., Giuliani, C., Labanti, I., Lapshov, F., Lazzarotto, P., Lipari, M., Marisaldi, S., Mereghetti, A., Morselli, L., Pacciani, A., Pellizzoni, F., Perotti, G., Piano, P., Picozza, M., Pilia, M., Prest, M., Rapisarda, A., Rappoldi, S., Sabatini, P., Soffitta, M., Trifoglio, A., Troi, E., Vallazza, A., Zambra, D., Zanello, I., Agudo, M. F., Aller, H. D., Aller, A. A., Arkharov, U., Bach, E., Benitez, A., Berdyugin, D. A., Blinov, C. S., Buemi, W. P., Chen, A. D., Paola, G. D., Rico, D., Dultzin, L., Fuhrmann, J. L., Gomez, M. A., Gurwell, S. G., Jorstad, J., Heidt, D., Hiriart, H. Y., Hsiao, G., Kimeridze, T. S., Konstantinova, E. N., Kopatskaya, E., Koptelova, O., Kurtanidze, V. M., Larionov, P., Leto, E., Lindfor, J. M., Lopez, A. P., Marscher, I. M., Mchardy, D. A., Melnichuk, M., Mommert, R., Mujica, K., Nilsson, M., Pasanen, M., Roca Sogorb, M., Sorcia, L. O., Takalo, B., Taylor, C., Trigilio, I. S., Troitsky, G., Umana, L. A., Antonelli, S., Colafrancesco, S., Cutini, D., Gasparrini, C., Pittori, B., Preger, P., Santolamazza, F., Verrecchia, P., Giommi, and L., Salotti

Subjects
Agile, Active galactic nucleus, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Radio spectrum, gamma-ray flare, High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, AGILE satellite, Active Galactic Nuclei, law.invention, law, quasar, Blazar, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Gamma ray, Compton scattering, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Quasar, Space and Planetary Science, gamma-rays: observations – mechanism: non-thermal – quasars: individual (PKS 1510-089), Spectral energy distribution, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Flare, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We report the detection by the AGILE satellite of a rapid gamma-ray flare from the powerful gamma-ray quasar PKS 1510-089, during a pointing centered on the Galactic Center region from 1 March to 30 March 2008. This source has been continuosly monitored in the radio-to-optical bands by the GLAST-AGILE Support Program (GASP) of the Whole Earth Blazar Telescope (WEBT). Moreover, the gamma-ray flaring episode triggered three ToO observations by the Swift satellite in three consecutive days, starting from 20 March 2008. In the period 1-16 March 2008, AGILE detected gamma-ray emission from PKS 1510-089 at a significance level of 6.2-sigma with an average flux over the entire period of (84 +/- 17) x 10^{-8} photons cm^{-2} s^{-1} for photon energies above 100 MeV. After a predefined satellite re-pointing, between 17 and 21 March 2008, AGILE detected the source at a significance level of 7.3-sigma, with an average flux (E > 100 MeV) of (134 +/- 29) x 10^{-8} photons cm^{-2} s^{-1} and a peak level of (281 +/- 68) x 10^{-8} photons cm^{-2} s^{-1} with daily integration. During the observing period January-April 2008, the source also showed an intense and variable optical activity, with several flaring episodes and a significant increase of the flux was observed at millimetric frequencies. Moreover, in the X-ray band the Swift/XRT observations seem to show an harder-when-brighter behaviour of the source spectrum. The spectral energy distribution of mid-March 2008 is modelled with a homogeneous one-zone synchrotron self Compton emission plus contributions from inverse Compton scattering of external photons from both the accretion disc and the broad line region. Indeed, some features in the optical-UV spectrum seem to indicate the presence of Seyfert-like components, such as the little blue bump and the big blue bump., 10 pages, 4 figures and 2 tables, accepted for publication in A&A

Published
2009

6. First AGILE catalog of high-confidence gamma-ray sources

Author

Dario Gasparrini, I. Donnarumma, F. Mauri, E. Scalise, E. Mattaini, G. Di Cocco, E. Del Monte, E. Rossi, Geiland Porrovecchio, Fulvio Gianotti, F. Fornari, A. Morselli, G. De Paris, Marco Feroci, Luigi Pacciani, G. Di Persio, S. Cutini, A. W. Chen, Sandro Mereghetti, F. Boffelli, P. W. Cattaneo, S. Stellato, Francesco Longo, Massimo Rapisarda, R. Primavera, A. Antonelli, Filippo D'Ammando, M. Galli, Piergiorgio Picozza, F. Tamburelli, C. Pittori, L. Salotti, Paolo Soffitta, F. Verrecchia, A. Zambra, T. Froysland, B. Preger, P. Santolamazza, D. Zanello, V. Vittorini, G. Fanari, F. Fuschino, F. Perotti, Martino Marisaldi, A. Pellizzoni, Marcello Mastropietro, Francesco Lazzarotto, M. Trifoglio, A. Argan, Massimo Frutti, Andrea Bulgarelli, Maura Pilia, P. A. Caraveo, Enrico Costa, Alessio Trois, F. Liello, Claudio Labanti, Alda Rubini, E. Striani, Marco Tavani, S. Vercellone, S. Sabatini, Sergio Colafrancesco, I. Lapshov, Paolo Giommi, Ennio Morelli, M. Prest, Massimiliano Fiorini, P. Lipari, Attilio Ferrari, Guido Barbiellini, Elena Moretti, G. Pucella, A. Mauri, A. Rappoldi, E. Vallazza, Alessandro Traci, V. Cocco, A. Giuliani, Y. Evangelista, T. Contessi, G. Piano, C. Pontoni, C., Pittori, F., Verrecchia, A. W., Chen, A., Bulgarelli, A., Pellizzoni, A., Giuliani, S., Vercellone, Longo, Francesco, M., Tavani, P., Giommi, G., Barbiellini, M., Trifoglio, F., Gianotti, A., Argan, A., Antonelli, F., Boffelli, P., Caraveo, P. W., Cattaneo, V., Cocco, S., Colafrancesco, T., Contessi, E., Costa, S., Cutini, F., D'Ammando, E. D., Monte, G. D., Pari, G. D., Cocco, G. D., Persio, I., Donnarumma, Y., Evangelista, G., Fanari, M., Feroci, A., Ferrari, M., Fiorini, F., Fornari, F., Fuschino, T., Froysland, M., Frutti, M., Galli, D., Gasparrini, C., Labanti, I., Lapshov, F., Lazzarotto, F., Liello, P., Lipari, E., Mattaini, M., Marisaldi, M., Mastropietro, A., Mauri, F., Mauri, S., Mereghetti, E., Morelli, Moretti, Elena, A., Morselli, L., Pacciani, F., Perotti, G., Piano, P., Picozza, M., Pilia, C., Pontoni, G., Porrovecchio, B., Preger, M., Prest, R., Primavera, G., Pucella, M., Rapisarda, A., Rappoldi, E., Rossi, A., Rubini, S., Sabatini, P., Santolamazza, E., Scalise, P., Soffitta, S., Stellato, E., Striani, F., Tamburelli, A., Traci, A., Troi, E., Vallazza, V., Vittorini, A., Zambra, D., Zanello, L., Salotti, Pittori C, Verrecchia F, Chen AW, Bulgarelli A, Pellizzoni A, Giuliani A, Vercellone S, Longo F, Tavani M, Giommi P, Barbiellini G, Trifoglio M, Gianotti F, Argan A, Antonelli A, Boffelli F, Caraveo P, Cattaneo PW, Cocco V, Colafrancesco S, Contessi T, Costa E, Cutini S, DAmmando F, Del Monte E, De Paris G, Di Cocco G, Di Persio G, Donnarumma I, Evangelista Y, Fanari G, Feroci M, Ferrari A, Fiorini M, Fornari F, Fuschino F, Froysland T, Frutti M, Galli M, Gasparrini D, Labanti C, Lapshov I, Lazzarotto F, Liello F, Lipari P, Mattaini E, Marisaldi M, Mastropietro M, Mauri A, Mauri F, Mereghetti S, Morelli E, Moretti E, Morselli A, Pacciani L, Perotti F, Piano G, Picozza P, Pilia M, Pontoni C, Porrovecchio G, Preger B, Prest M, Primavera R, Pucella G, Rapisarda M, Rappoldi A, Rossi E, Rubini A, Sabatini S, Santolamazza P, Scalise E, Soffitta P, Stellato S, Striani E, Tamburelli F, Traci A, Trois A, Vallazza E, Vittorini V, Zambra A, Zanello D, and Salotti L

Subjects
Agile, catalog, media_common.quotation_subject, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Field of view, Astrophysics, gamma-ray source, High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, Pulsar, X and gamma detection, Blazar, media_common, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Detector, Gamma ray, gamma rays: observations, catalogs, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Radius, AGILE satellite, Catalogs, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, Satellite, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We present the first catalog of high-confidence gamma-ray sources detected by the AGILE satellite during observations performed from July 9, 2007 to June 30, 2008. Catalogued sources are detected by merging all the available data over the entire time period. AGILE, launched in April 2007, is an ASI mission devoted to gamma-ray observations in the 30 MeV - 50 GeV energy range, with simultaneous X-ray imaging capability in the 18-60 keV band. This catalog is based on Gamma-Ray Imaging Detector (GRID) data for energies greater than 100 MeV. For the first AGILE catalog we adopted a conservative analysis, with a high-quality event filter optimized to select gamma-ray events within the central zone of the instrument Field of View (radius of 40 degrees). This is a significance-limited (4 sigma) catalog, and it is not a complete flux-limited sample due to the non-uniform first year AGILE sky coverage. The catalog includes 47 sources, 21 of which are associated with confirmed or candidate pulsars, 13 with Blazars (7 FSRQ, 4 BL Lacs, 2 unknown type), 2 with HMXRBs, 2 with SNRs, 1 with a colliding-wind binary system, 8 with unidentified sources., Revised version, 15 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables. To be published in Astronomy and Astrophysics. Text improved and clarified. Refined analysis of complex regions of the Galactic plane yields a new list of high-confidence sources including 47 sources (compared with the 40 sources appearing in the first version)

Published
2009

7. HIGH-RESOLUTION TIMING OBSERVATIONS OF SPIN-POWERED PULSARS WITH THE AGILE GAMMA-RAY TELESCOPE

Author

M. Galli, Piergiorgio Picozza, F. Verrecchia, Marco Feroci, Luigi Pacciani, Patrick Weltevrede, F. Mauri, B. Preger, A. Rappoldi, A. W. Chen, G. De Paris, Filippo D'Ammando, E. Vallazza, F. Fuschino, Paolo Esposito, A. Morselli, F. Perotti, Paolo Soffitta, Jules P. Halpern, P. Santolamazza, C. Pittori, T. Froysland, P. Lipari, Fulvio Gianotti, G. Pucella, Ismaël Cognard, A. Argan, A. Giuliani, A. Pellizzoni, Alice K. Harding, Andrea Bulgarelli, Enrico Costa, M. Prest, George Hobbs, M. Fiorini, Paolo Giommi, F. Boffelli, N. D'Amico, Michael Kramer, L. Salotti, I. Lapshov, A. Zambra, F. Fornari, V. Cocco, Maura Pilia, Francesco Longo, S. Vercellone, E. Del Monte, M. Burgay, Alessio Trois, Sandro Mereghetti, Francesco Lazzarotto, G. Barbiellini, Andrea Possenti, P. W. Cattaneo, V. Vittorini, P. A. Caraveo, M. Trifoglio, Simon Johnston, I. Donnarumma, Marco Tavani, Martino Marisaldi, Claudio Labanti, D. Zanello, Richard N. Manchester, G. Di Cocco, Massimo Rapisarda, Aidan Hotan, Y. Evangelista, J. Palfreyman, Pellizzoni A, Pilia M, Possenti A, Fornari F, Caraveo P, Del Monte E, Mereghetti S, Tavani M, Argan A, Trois A, Burgay M, Chen A, Cognard I, Costa E, D'Amico N, Esposito P, Evangelista Y, Feroci M, Fuschino F, Giuliani A, Halpern J, Hobbs G, Hotan A, Johnston S, Kramer M, Longo F, Manchester RN, Marisaldi M, Palfreyman J, Weltevrede P, Barbiellini G, Boffelli F, Bulgarelli A, Cattaneo PW, Cocco V, DAmmando F, De Paris G, Di Cocco G, Donnarumma I, Fiorini M, Froysland T, Galli M, Gianotti F, Harding A, Labanti C, Lapshov I, Lazzarotto F, Lipari P, Mauri F, Morselli A, Pacciani L, Perotti F, Picozza P, Prest M, Pucella G, Rapisarda M, Rappoldi A, Soffitta P, Trifoglio M, Vallazza E, Vercellone S, Vittorini V, Zambra A, Zanello D, Pittori C, Verrecchia F, Preger B, Santolamazza P, Giommi P, Salotti L, A., Pellizzoni, M., Pilia, A., Possenti, F., Fornari, P., Caraveo, E. D., Monte, S., Mereghetti, M., Tavani, A., Argan, A., Troi, M., Burgay, A., Chen, I., Cognard, E., Costa, N., D'Amico, P., Esposito, Y., Evangelista, M., Feroci, F., Fuschino, A., Giuliani, J., Halpern, G., Hobb, A., Hotan, S., Johnston, M., Kramer, Longo, Francesco, R. N., Manchester, M., Marisaldi, J., Palfreyman, P., Weltevrede, G., Barbiellini, F., Boffelli, A., Bulgarelli, P. W., Cattaneo, V., Cocco, F., D'Ammando, G. D., Pari, G. D., Cocco, I., Donnarumma, M., Fiorini, T., Froysland, M., Galli, F., Gianotti, A., Harding, C., Labanti, I., Lapshov, F., Lazzarotto, P., Lipari, F., Mauri, A., Morselli, L., Pacciani, F., Perotti, P., Picozza, M., Prest, G., Pucella, M., Rapisarda, A., Rappoldi, P., Soffitta, M., Trifoglio, E., Vallazza, S., Vercellone, V., Vittorini, A., Zambra, D., Zanello, C., Pittori, F., Verrecchia, B., Preger, P., Santolamazza, P., Giommi, and L., Salotti

Subjects
Agile, Photon, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, Pulsar, AGILE satellite, pulsar, Vela, X-ray and gamma detection, Spin-½, Physics, business.industry, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Phaser, Space and Planetary Science, Satellite, gamma rays: observations – pulsars: general – pulsars: individual (Vela, Crab, Geminga, PSR B 1706-44) – stars: neutron, business, Agile software development, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract

AGILE is a small gamma-ray astronomy satellite mission of the Italian Space Agency dedicated to high-energy astrophysics launched in 2007 April. Its 1 microsecond absolute time tagging capability coupled with a good sensitivity in the 30 MeV-30 GeV range, with simultaneous X-ray monitoring in the 18-60 keV band, makes it perfectly suited for the study of gamma-ray pulsars following up on the CGRO/EGRET heritage. In this paper we present the first AGILE timing results on the known gamma-ray pulsars Vela, Crab, Geminga and B 1706-44. The data were collected from 2007 July to 2008 April, exploiting the mission Science Verification Phase, the Instrument Timing Calibration and the early Observing Pointing Program. Thanks to its large field of view, AGILE collected a large number of gamma-ray photons from these pulsars (about 10,000 pulsed counts for Vela) in only few months of observations. The coupling of AGILE timing capabilities, simultaneous radio/X-ray monitoring and new tools aimed at precise photon phasing, exploiting also timing noise correction, unveiled new interesting features at sub-millisecond level in the pulsars' high-energy light-curves., Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal. 14 pages in emulate-apj style, 2 tables, 9 figures (1 color). Replacement corrected Figure 6

Published
2009

8. Monitoring the hard X-ray sky with SuperAGILE

Author

S. Cutini, S. Stellato, M. Trifoglio, Ennio Morelli, G. De Paris, Martino Marisaldi, Massimiliano Fiorini, F. Boffelli, G. Fanari, F. Fuschino, F. Fornari, C. Pittori, I. Donnarumma, T. Froysland, A. W. Chen, F. Liello, F. Perotti, A. Pellizzoni, Francesco Longo, Attilio Ferrari, A. Morselli, Guido Barbiellini, V. Vittorini, A. Antonelli, G. Pucella, A. Argan, Alessandro Traci, Marco Tavani, S. Sabatini, Andrea Bulgarelli, Sergio Colafrancesco, Enrico Costa, F. Mauri, Sandro Mereghetti, Francesco Lazzarotto, P. W. Cattaneo, M. Prest, R. Primavera, M. Galli, Piergiorgio Picozza, F. Tamburelli, P. Santolamazza, F. Verrecchia, Paolo Lipari, Elena Moretti, Marco Feroci, Luigi Pacciani, Alda Rubini, I. Lapshov, A. Mauri, Paolo Giommi, F. D'Ammando, A. Rappoldi, E. Vallazza, V. Cocco, A. Giuliani, P. A. Caraveo, Dario Gasparrini, Y. Evangelista, G. Piano, L. Salotti, A. Zambra, C. Pontoni, E. Rossi, Massimo Rapisarda, D. Zanello, Claudio Labanti, E. Del Monte, E. Mattaini, G. Di Cocco, Massimo Frutti, S. Vercellone, G. Di Persio, Paolo Soffitta, B. Preger, Marcello Mastropietro, Maura Pilia, Alessio Trois, Fulvio Gianotti, Geiland Porrovecchio, M., Feroci, E., Costa, E. D., Monte, I., Donnarumma, Y., Evangelista, I., Lapshov, F., Lazzarotto, L., Pacciani, M., Rapisarda, P., Soffitta, G. D., Persio, M., Frutti, M., Mastropietro, E., Morelli, G., Porrovecchio, A., Rubini, A., Antonelli, A., Argan, G., Barbiellini, F., Boffelli, A., Bulgarelli, P., Caraveo, P. W., Cattaneo, A. W., Chen, V., Cocco, S., Colafrancesco, S., Cutini, F., D'Ammando, G. D., Pari, G. D., Cocco, G., Fanari, A., Ferrari, M., Fiorini, F., Fornari, F., Fuschino, T., Froysland, M., Galli, D., Gasparrini, F., Gianotti, P., Giommi, A., Giuliani, C., Labanti, F., Liello, P., Lipari, Longo, Francesco, E., Mattaini, M., Marisaldi, A., Mauri, F., Mauri, S., Mereghetti, E., Moretti, A., Morselli, A., Pellizzoni, F., Perotti, G., Piano, P., Picozza, M., Pilia, C., Pittori, C., Pontoni, B., Preger, M., Prest, R., Primavera, G., Pucella, A., Rappoldi, E., Rossi, S., Sabatini, P., Santolamazza, M., Tavani, S., Stellato, F., Tamburelli, A., Traci, M., Trifoglio, A., Troi, E., Vallazza, S., Vercellone, F., Verrecchia, V., Vittorini, A., Zambra, D., Zanello, L., Salotti, Feroci M, Costa E, Del Monte E, Donnarumma I, Evangelista Y, Lapshov I, Lazzarotto F, Pacciani L, Rapisarda M, Soffitta P, Di Persio G, Frutti M, Mastropietro M, Morelli E, Porrovecchio G, Rubini A, Antonelli A, Argan A, Barbiellini G, Boffelli F, Bulgarelli A, Caraveo P, Cattaneo PW, Chen AW, Cocco V, Colafrancesco S, Cutini S, DAmmando F, De Paris G, Di Cocco G, Fanari G, Ferrari A, Fiorini M, Fornari F, Fuschino F, Froysland T, Galli M, Gasparrini D, Gianotti F, Giommi P, Giuliani A, Labanti C, Liello F, Lipari P, Longo F, Mattaini E, Marisaldi M, Mauri A, Mauri F, Mereghetti S, Moretti E, Morselli A, Pellizzoni A, Perotti F, Piano G, Picozza P, Pilia M, Pittori C, Pontoni C, Preger B, Prest M, Primavera R, Pucella G, Rappoldi A, Rossi E, Sabatini S, Santolamazza P, Tavani M, Stellato S, Tamburelli F, Traci A, Trifoglio M, Trois A, Vallazza E, Vercellone S, Verrecchia F, Vittorini V, Zambra A, Zanello D, and Salotti L

Subjects
Agile, Photon, High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, AGILE satellite, X-ray sources, media_common.quotation_subject, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Field of view, SuperAgile, x-ray detector, extragalactic and galactic sources, Optics, Angular resolution, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), media_common, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), COSMIC cancer database, business.industry, Detector, Gamma ray, Astronomy and Astrophysics, instrumentation: detectors – X-rays: binaries – X-rays: general, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, Celestial coordinate system, business, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

SuperAGILE is the hard X-ray monitor of the AGILE gamma ray mission, in orbit since 23$^{rd}$ April 2007. It is an imaging experiment based on a set of four independent silicon strip detectors, equipped with one-dimensional coded masks, operating in the nominal energy range 18-60 keV. The main goal of SuperAGILE is the observation of cosmic sources simultaneously with the main gamma-ray AGILE experiment, the Gamma Ray Imaging Detector (GRID). Given its $\sim$steradian-wide field of view and its $\sim$15 mCrab day-sensitivity, SuperAGILE is also well suited for the long-term monitoring of Galactic compact objects and the detection of bright transients. The SuperAGILE detector properties and design allow for a 6 arcmin angular resolution in each of the two independent orthogonal projections of the celestial coordinates. Photon by photon data are continuously available by the experiment telemetry, and are used to derive images and fluxes of individual sources, with integration times depending on the source intensity and position in the field of view. In this paper we report on the main scientific results achieved by SuperAGILE over its first two years in orbit, until April 2009., Comment: Accepted for publication on Astronomy & Astrophysics

Published
2009
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9. DISCOVERY OF NEW GAMMA-RAY PULSARS WITH AGILE

Author

Francesco Longo, S. Sabatini, Maura Pilia, Y. Evangelista, Alessio Trois, A. De Luca, Teresa Mineo, G. De Paris, P. A. Caraveo, D. Zanello, Marco Tavani, Fulvio Gianotti, V. Vittorini, Martino Marisaldi, G. Di Cocco, M. Trifoglio, A. W. Chen, Massimiliano Fiorini, B. Preger, A. Rappoldi, E. Vallazza, Ismaël Cognard, Patrick Weltevrede, F. Fornari, Paolo Esposito, M. Prest, Claudio Labanti, A. Giuliani, V. Cocco, N. D'Amico, Massimo Rapisarda, Sandro Mereghetti, P. W. Cattaneo, A. Argan, Andrea Bulgarelli, F. Perotti, Enrico Costa, I. Lapshov, Simon Johnston, I. Donnarumma, L. Salotti, A. Zambra, Francesco Lazzarotto, E. Del Monte, F. Boffelli, M. Galli, Piergiorgio Picozza, F. Verrecchia, Alessandro Corongiu, C. Pittori, T. Froysland, A. Pellizzoni, Paolo Lipari, Giovanni F. Bignami, Gilles Theureau, F. Fuschino, M. Burgay, A. Morselli, G. Pucella, Michael Kramer, Marco Feroci, Luigi Pacciani, S. Vercellone, G. Piano, Guido Barbiellini, P. Santolamazza, Paolo Giommi, Filippo D'Ammando, Paolo Soffitta, Andrea Possenti, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari (OAC), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Milano (OAM), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma (OAR), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Bologna (OABO), Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Australia Telescope National Facility (ATNF), Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics (JBCA), University of Manchester [Manchester], Università degli studi di Trieste, Galaxies, Etoiles, Physique, Instrumentation (GEPI), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pavia (INFN), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare [Sezione di Roma 1] (INFN), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI), Istituto Universitario di Studi Superiori (IUSS), Pellizzoni A, Pilia M, Possenti A, Chen A, Giuliani A, Trois A, Caraveo P, Del Monte E, Fornari F, Fuschino F, Mereghetti S, Tavani M, Argan A, Burgay M, Cognard I, Corongiu A, Costa E, D'Amico N, De Luca A, Esposito P, Evangelista Y, Feroci M, Johnston S, Kramer M, Longo F, Marisaldi M, Theureau G, Weltevrede P, Barbiellini G, Boffelli F, Bulgarelli A, Cattaneo P W, Cocco V, DAmmando F, DeParis G, Di Cocco G, Donnarumma I, Fiorini M, Froysland T, Galli M, Gianotti F, Labanti C, Lapshov, I., Lazzarotto, F., Lipari P, Mineo T, Morselli A, Pacciani L, Perotti F, Piano G, Picozza P, Prest M, Pucella G, Rapisarda M, Rappoldi A, Sabatini S, Soffitta P, Trifoglio M, Vallazza E, Vercellone S, Vittorini V, Zambra A, Zanello D, Pittori C, Verrecchia F, Preger B, Santolamazza P, Giommi P, Salotti L, Bignami G F, A., Pellizzoni, M., Pilia, A., Possenti, A., Chen, A., Giuliani, A., Troi, P., Caraveo, E. D., Monte, F., Fornari, F., Fuschino, S., Mereghetti, M., Tavani, A., Argan, M., Burgay, I., Cognard, A., Corongiu, E., Costa, N., D'Amico, A. D., Luca, P., Esposito, Y., Evangelista, M., Feroci, S., Johnston, M., Kramer, Longo, Francesco, M., Marisaldi, G., Theureau, P., Weltevrede, G., Barbiellini, F., Boffelli, A., Bulgarelli, P. W., Cattaneo, V., Cocco, F., D'Ammando, G. D., Pari, G. D., Cocco, I., Donnarumma, M., Fiorini, T., Froysland, M., Galli, F., Gianotti, C., Labanti, I., Lapshov, F., Lazzarotto, P., Lipari, T., Mineo, A., Morselli, L., Pacciani, F., Perotti, G., Piano, P., Picozza, M., Prest, G., Pucella, M., Rapisarda, A., Rappoldi, S., Sabatini, P., Soffitta, M., Trifoglio, E., Vallazza, S., Vercellone, V., Vittorini, A., Zambra, D., Zanello, C., Pittori, F., Verrecchia, B., Preger, P., Santolamazza, P., Giommi, L., Salotti, and G. F., Bignami

Subjects
Agile, High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, AGILE satellite, Pulsars, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, radio pulsar, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, stars: neutron, Pulsar, Millisecond pulsar, pulsars: general, 0103 physical sciences, Egret, pulsars: individual (PSR J2229+6114 PSR B1509–58 PSR B1821–24), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), biology, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, [SDU.ASTR.SR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], Gamma ray, Static timing analysis, Astronomy and Astrophysics, biology.organism_classification, gamma rays: observations, pulsars: general, pulsars: individual: PSR J2229 + 6114 PSR B1509 – 58 PSR B1821 – 24, stars: neutron, Space and Planetary Science, Globular cluster, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, gamma rays: observations
Abstract

Using gamma-ray data collected by the Astrorivelatore Gamma ad Immagini LEggero (AGILE) satellite over a period of almost one year (from 2007 July to 2008 June), we searched for pulsed signals from 35 potentially interesting radio pulsars, ordered according to $F_{\gamma}\propto \sqrt{\dot{E}} d^{-2}$ and for which contemporary or recent radio data were available. AGILE detected three new top-ranking nearby and Vela-like pulsars with good confidence both through timing and spatial analysis. Among the newcomers we find pulsars with very high rotational energy losses, such as the remarkable PSR B1509-58 with a magnetic field in excess of 10^13 Gauss, and PSR J2229+6114 providing a reliable identification for the previously unidentified EGRET source 3EG 2227+6122. Moreover, the powerful millisecond pulsar B1821-24, in the globular cluster M28, is detected during a fraction of the observations. Four other promising gamma-ray pulsar candidates, among which is the notable J2043+2740 with an age in excess of 1 million years, show a possible detection in the timing analysis only and deserve confirmation., Comment: Minor changes to match the final ApJ version. 5 pages in emulate-apj style, 1 table, 3 figures

Published
2009
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10. AGILE observation of a gamma-ray flare from the blazar 3C 279

Author

A. Morselli, A. W. Chen, P. Giommi, Sandro Mereghetti, P. W. Cattaneo, F. Perotti, I. Donnarumma, Y. Evangelista, A. Argan, A. Trois, Andrea Bulgarelli, S. Colafrancesco, Martino Marisaldi, F. Lazzarotto, Enrico Costa, G. De Paris, P. Picozza, M. Prest, F. Fornari, M. Rapisarda, P. Soffitta, Y. Lapshov, F. Longo, A. Pellizzoni, F. Fuschino, M. Galli, F. Verrecchia, L. Salotti, Marco Tavani, A. Giuliani, B. Preger, C. Pittori, T. Froysland, P. A. Caraveo, G. Tosti, Fulvio Gianotti, V. Cocco, M. Trifoglio, Paolo Lipari, E. Vallazza, A. Rappoldi, Dario Gasparrini, A. Zambra, F. D'Ammando, M. Feroci, M. Fiorini, E. Del Monte, G. Pucella, Domenico Impiombato, Guido Barbiellini, V. Vittorini, P. Santolamazza, Claudio Labanti, D. Zanello, G. Di Cocco, F. Boelli, S. Cutini, L. Pacciani, S. Vercellone, Giuliani A, DAmmando F, Vercellone S, Vittorini V, Chen AW, Donnarumma I, Pacciani L, Pucella G, Trois A, Bulgarelli A, Longo F, Tavani M, Tosti G, Impiombato D, Argan A, Barbiellini F, Boffelli F, Caraveo PA, Cattaneo PW, Cocco V, Costa E, Del Monte E, De Paris G, Di Cocco G, Evangelista Y, Feroci M, Fiorini M, Fornari F, Froysland T, Fuschino F, Galli M, Gianotti F, Labanti C, Lapshov Y, Lazzarotto F, Lipari P, Marisaldi M, Mereghetti S, Morselli A, Pellizzoni A, Perotti F, Picozza P, Prest M, Rapisarda M, Rappoldi A, Soffitta P, Trifoglio M, Vallazza E, Zambra A, Zanello D, Cutini S, Gasparrini D, Pittori C, Preger B, Santolamazza P, Verrecchia F, Giommi P, Colafrancesco S, Salotti L, A., Giuliani, F., D'Ammando, S., Vercellone, V., Vittorini, A. W., Chen, I., Donnarumma, L., Pacciani, G., Pucella, A., Troi, A., Bulgarelli, Longo, Francesco, M., Tavani, G., Tosti, D., Impiombato, A., Argan, F., Barbiellini, F., Boffelli, P. A., Caraveo, P. W., Cattaneo, V., Cocco, E., Costa, E. D., Monte, G. D., Pari, G. D., Cocco, Y., Evangelista, M., Feroci, M., Fiorini, F., Fornari, T., Froysland, F., Fuschino, M., Galli, F., Gianotti, C., Labanti, Y., Lapshov, F., Lazzarotto, P., Lipari, M., Marisaldi, S., Mereghetti, A., Morselli, A., Pellizzoni, F., Perotti, P., Picozza, M., Prest, M., Rapisarda, A., Rappoldi, P., Soffitta, M., Trifoglio, E., Vallazza, A., Zambra, D., Zanello, S., Cutini, D., Gasparrini, C., Pittori, B., Preger, P., Santolamazza, F., Verrecchia, P., Giommi, S., Colafrancesco, and L., Salotti

Subjects
High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, Active Galactic Nuclei, AGILE satellite, Agile, Photon, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, X and gamma emission, Astrophysics, gamma-ray flare, law.invention, Telescope, law, gamma rays: observations, galaxies: quasars: individual: 3C 279, quasar, Blazar, Physics, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Compton scattering, Gamma ray, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Quasar, Space and Planetary Science, Spectral energy distribution, Flare
Abstract

Context. We report the detection by the AGILE satellite of an intense gamma-ray flare from the gamma-ray source 3EG J1255-0549, associated to the Flat Spectrum Radio Quasar 3C 279, during the AGILE pointings towards the Virgo Region on 2007 July 9-13. Aims. The simultaneous optical, X-ray and gamma-ray covering allows us to study the spectral energy distribution (SED) and the theoretical models relative to the flaring episode of mid-July. Methods. AGILE observed the source during its Science Performance Verification Phase with its two co-aligned imagers: the Gamma- Ray Imaging Detector (GRID) and the hard X-ray imager (Super-AGILE) sensitive in the 30 MeV - 50 GeV and 18 - 60 keV respectively. During the AGILE observation the source was monitored simultaneously in optical band by the REM telescope and in the X-ray band by the Swift satellite through 4 ToO observations. Results. During 2007 July 9-13 July 2007, AGILE-GRID detected gamma-ray emission from 3C 279, with the source at ~2 deg from the center of the Field of View, with an average flux of (210+-38) 10^-8 ph cm^-2 s^-1 for energy above 100 MeV. No emission was detected by Super-AGILE, with a 3-sigma upper limit of 10 mCrab. During the observation lasted about 4 days no significative gamma-ray flux variation was observed. Conclusions. The Spectral Energy Distribution is modelled with a homogeneous one-zone Synchrotron Self Compton emission plus the contributions by external Compton scattering of direct disk radiation and, to a lesser extent, by external Compton scattering of photons from the Broad Line Region., Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics

Published
2009

11. AGILE detection of delayed gamma-ray emission from GRB 080514B

Author

Paolo Soffitta, Martino Marisaldi, A. Giuliani, A. Rappoldi, E. Vallazza, Francesco Longo, S. Cutini, Y. Evangelista, Andrea Rossi, I. G. Mitrofanov, K. L. Page, I. Donnarumma, A. W. Chen, C. Pittori, F. Perotti, Marco Feroci, Marco Tavani, Luigi Pacciani, Fulvio Gianotti, A. Pellizzoni, Sandro Mereghetti, P. W. Cattaneo, F. Fuschino, S. Vercellone, William V. Boynton, Kevin Hurley, E. Del Monte, Francesco Lazzarotto, A. Argan, Alessio Trois, Andrea Bulgarelli, Enrico Costa, P. A. Caraveo, P. Lipari, B. Preger, Paolo Esposito, Filippo D'Ammando, D. Zanello, G. Piano, M. Trifoglio, Guido Barbiellini, F. Fornari, M. Prest, G. Pucella, M. Fiorini, P. Santolamazza, Neil Gehrels, Massimo Rapisarda, M. Galli, Piergiorgio Picozza, F. Verrecchia, I. Lapshov, F. Boffelli, A. Morselli, David N. Burrows, L. Salotti, Claudio Labanti, G. Di Cocco, Giuliani A, Mereghetti S, Fornari F, Del Monte E, Feroci M, Marisaldi M, Esposito P, Perotti F, Tavani M, Argan A, Barbiellini G, Boffelli F, Bulgarelli A, Caraveo P, Cattaneo PW, Chen AW, Costa E, DAmmando F, Di Cocco G, Donnarumma I, Evangelista Y, Fiorini M, Fuschino F, Galli M, Gianotti F, Labanti C, Lapshov I, Lazzarotto F, Lipari P, Longo F, Morselli A, Pacciani L, Pellizzoni A, Piano G, Picozza P, Prest M, Pucella G, Rapisarda M, Rappoldi A, Soffitta P, Trifoglio M, Trois A, Vallazza E, Vercellone S, Zanello D, Salotti L, Cutini S, Pittori C, Preger B, Santolamazza P, Verrecchia F, Gehrels N, Page K, Burrows D, Rossi A, Hurley K, Mitrofanov I, Boynton W, A., Giuliani, S., Mereghetti, F., Fornari, E. D., Monte, M., Feroci, M., Marisaldi, P., Esposito, F., Perotti, M., Tavani, A., Argan, G., Barbiellini, F., Boffelli, A., Bulgarelli, P., Caraveo, P. W., Cattaneo, A. W., Chen, E., Costa, F., D'Ammando, G. D., Cocco, I., Donnarumma, Y., Evangelista, M., Fiorini, F., Fuschino, M., Galli, F., Gianotti, C., Labanti, I., Lapshov, F., Lazzarotto, P., Lipari, Longo, Francesco, A., Morselli, L., Pacciani, A., Pellizzoni, G., Piano, P., Picozza, M., Prest, G., Pucella, M., Rapisarda, A., Rappoldi, P., Soffitta, M., Trifoglio, A., Troi, E., Vallazza, S., Vercellone, D., Zanello, L., Salotti, S., Cutini, C., Pittori, B., Preger, P., Santolamazza, F., Verrecchia, N., Gehrel, K., Page, D., Burrow, A., Rossi, K., Hurley, I., Mitrofanov, and W., Boynton

Subjects
Photon, gamma rays: bursts, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, AGILE, satellite, GRB 080514B, X and gamma ray, Phase (waves), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, law.invention, Telescope, law, Egret, Physics, biology, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Gamma ray, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Dead time, biology.organism_classification, Gamma-ray Bursts, AGILE satellite, Space and Planetary Science, Gamma-ray Burst, Interplanetary spaceflight, Gamma-ray burst
Abstract

GRB 080514B is the first gamma ray burst (GRB), since the time of EGRET, for which individual photons of energy above several tens of MeV have been detected with a pair-conversion tracker telescope. This burst was discovered with the Italian AGILE gamma-ray satellite. The GRB was localized with a cooperation by AGILE and the interplanetary network (IPN). The gamma-ray imager (GRID) estimate of the position, obtained before the SuperAGILE-IPN localization, is found to be consistent with the burst position. The hard X-ray emission observed by SuperAGILE lasted about 7 s, while there is evidence that the emission above 30 MeV extends for a longer duration (at least ~13 s). Similar behavior was seen in the past from a few other GRBs observed with EGRET. However, the latter measurements were affected, during the brightest phases, by instrumental dead time effects, resulting in only lower limits to the burst intensity. Thanks to the small dead time of the AGILE/GRID we could assess that in the case of GRB 080514B the gamma-ray to X-ray flux ratio changes significantly between the prompt and extended emission phase., Comment: A&A letters, in press

Published
2008

12. Gamma-ray burst detection with the AGILE mini-calorimeter

Author

Marco Feroci, Luigi Pacciani, F. Fuschino, Marco Tavani, G. Di Persio, Sergio Colafrancesco, A. Argan, Claudio Labanti, Francesco Longo, A. Morselli, Andrea Bulgarelli, F. Mauri, Massimo Frutti, Martino Marisaldi, Geiland Porrovecchio, Enrico Costa, Filippo D'Ammando, Y. Evangelista, Paolo Soffitta, S. Cutini, V. Vittorini, L. A. Antonelli, F. Liello, Attilio Ferrari, C. Pittori, E. Mattaini, G. Di Cocco, Sandro Mereghetti, P. W. Cattaneo, M. Trifoglio, A. W. Chen, Fulvio Gianotti, E. Del Monte, G. De Paris, Dario Gasparrini, E. Rossi, Guido Barbiellini, V. Cocco, T. Froysland, P. Santolamazza, Francesco Lazzarotto, A. Pellizzoni, C. Pontoni, Massimo Rapisarda, Alda Rubini, Paolo Giommi, S. Vercellone, I. Lapshov, I. Donnarumma, A. Giuliani, Ennio Morelli, Massimiliano Fiorini, Alessandro Traci, P. Lipari, M. Basset, F. Boffelli, Alessio Trois, A. Mauri, A. Rappoldi, E. Vallazza, L. Salotti, A. Zambra, B. Preger, Marcello Mastropietro, M. Galli, Piergiorgio Picozza, F. Verrecchia, D. Zanello, G. Pucella, F. Perotti, P. A. Caraveo, L. Foggetta, M. Prest, Marisaldi M, Labanti C, Fuschino F, Galli M, Argan A, Barbiellini G, Basset M, Boffelli F, Bulgarelli A, Caraveo P, Cattaneo PW, Chen A, Cocco V, Costa E, DAmmando F, Del Monte E, De Paris G, Di Cocco G, Di Persio G, Donnarumma I, Evangelista Y, Feroci M, Ferrari A, Fiorini M, Foggetta L, Froysland T, Frutti M, Gianotti F, Giuliani A, Lapshov I, Lazzarotto F, Liello F, Lipari P, Longo F, Mastropietro M, Mattaini E, Mauri A, Mauri F, Mereghetti S, Morelli E, Morselli A, Pacciani L, Pellizzoni A, Perotti F, Picozza P, Pontoni C, Porrovecchio G, Prest M, Pucella G, Rapisarda M, Rappoldi A, Rossi E, Rubini A, Soffitta P, Tavani M, Traci A, Trifoglio M, Trois A, Vallazza E, Vercellone S, Vittorini V, Zambra A, Zanello D, Pittori C, Verrecchia F, Cutini S, Gasparrini D, Preger B, Santolamazza P, Giommi P, Antonelli LA, Colafrancesco S, Salotti L, M., Marisaldi, C., Labanti, F., Fuschino, M., Galli, A., Argan, G., Barbiellini, M., Basset, F., Boffelli, A., Bulgarelli, P., Caraveo, P. W., Cattaneo, A., Chen, V., Cocco, E., Costa, F., D'Ammando, E. D., Monte, G. D., Pari, G. D., Cocco, G. D., Persio, I., Donnarumma, Y., Evangelista, M., Feroci, A., Ferrari, M., Fiorini, L., Foggetta, T., Froysland, M., Frutti, F., Gianotti, A., Giuliani, I., Lapshov, F., Lazzarotto, F., Liello, P., Lipari, Longo, Francesco, M., Mastropietro, E., Mattaini, A., Mauri, F., Mauri, S., Mereghetti, E., Morelli, A., Morselli, L., Pacciani, A., Pellizzoni, F., Perotti, P., Picozza, C., Pontoni, G., Porrovecchio, M., Prest, G., Pucella, M., Rapisarda, A., Rappoldi, E., Rossi, A., Rubini, P., Soffitta, M., Tavani, A., Traci, M., Trifoglio, A., Troi, E., Vallazza, S., Vercellone, V., Vittorini, A., Zambra, D., Zanello, C., Pittori, F., Verrecchia, S., Cutini, D., Gasparrini, B., Preger, P., Santolamazza, P., Giommi, L. A., Antonelli, S., Colafrancesco, and L., Salotti

Subjects
Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Scintillator, High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, AGILE satellite, minicalorimeter, Physics, Millisecond, gamma rays: bursts, instrumentation: detectors, Calorimeter (particle physics), Payload, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Gamma-ray Bursts, Space and Planetary Science, Gamma-ray Burst, Satellite, Gamma-ray burst, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract

The Mini-Calorimeter (MCAL) instrument on-board the AGILE satellite is a non-imaging gamma-ray scintillation detector sensitive in the 300keV-100MeV energy range with a total on-axis geometrical area of 1400cm^2. Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) are one of the main scientific targets of the AGILE mission and the MCAL design as an independent self-triggering detector makes it a valuable all-sky monitor for GRBs. Furthermore MCAL is one of the very few operative instruments with microsecond timing capabilities in the MeV range. In this paper the results of GRB detections with MCAL after one year of operation in space are presented and discussed. A flexible trigger logic implemented in the AGILE payload data-handling unit allows the on-board detection of GRBs. For triggered events, energy and timing information are sent to telemetry on a photon-by-photon basis, so that energy and time binning are limited by counting statistics only. When the trigger logic is not active, GRBs can be detected offline in ratemeter data, although with worse energy and time resolution. Between the end of June 2007 and June 2008 MCAL detected 51 GRBs, with a detection rate of about 1 GRB/week, plus several other events at a few milliseconds timescales. Since February 2008 the on-board trigger logic has been fully active. Comparison of MCAL detected events and data provided by other space instruments confirms the sensitivity and effective area estimations. MCAL also joined the 3rd Inter-Planetary Network, to contribute to GRB localization by means of triangulation., 6 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication by A&A 13/08/2008

Published
2008

13. Multiwavelength observations of 3C 454.3. I. The AGILE 2007 November campaign on the 'Crazy Diamond'

Author

P. Santolamazza, I. Donnarumma, Francesco Longo, M. Galli, A. Argan, P. Romano, Piergiorgio Picozza, F. Verrecchia, S. Vercellone, L. Salotti, A. Zambra, Andrea Bulgarelli, G. De Paris, Paolo Giommi, Francesco Lazzarotto, V. Cocco, Sandro Mereghetti, Enrico Costa, P. W. Cattaneo, Paolo Soffitta, Filippo D'Ammando, G. Barbiellini, G. Novara, C. M. Raiteri, F. Fornari, Attilio Ferrari, Massimo Rapisarda, G. Di Cocco, A. Morselli, F. Senziani, Angela Bazzano, Y. Evangelista, Claudio Labanti, Mariateresa Fiocchi, F. Fuschino, C. Pittori, A. Rappoldi, T. Froysland, Gino Tosti, S. Cutini, Andrea Belfiore, Marco Tavani, Wen Ping Chen, A. W. Chen, A. Pellizzoni, Sergio Colafrancesco, P. Lipari, E. Del Monte, A. Giuliani, Massimiliano Fiorini, Dario Gasparrini, I. Lapshov, F. Boffelli, Alessio Trois, Marco Feroci, Luigi Pacciani, D. Impiombato, Pietro Ubertini, V. Vittorini, M. Trifoglio, D. Zanello, B. Preger, Fulvio Gianotti, E. Vallazza, G. Pucella, F. Perotti, A. De Luca, P. A. Caraveo, M. Prest, M. Villata, Martino Marisaldi, S., Vercellone, A. W., Chen, V., Vittorini, A., Giuliani, F., D'Ammando, M., Tavani, I., Donnarumma, G., Pucella, C. M., Raiteri, M., Villata, W. P., Chen, G., Tosti, D., Impiombato, P., Romano, A., Belfiore, A. D., Luca, G., Novara, F., Senziani, A., Bazzano, M. T., Fiocchi, P., Ubertini, A., Ferrari, A., Argan, G., Barbiellini, F., Boffelli, A., Bulgarelli, P., Caraveo, P. W., Cattaneo, V., Cocco, E., Costa, E. D., Monte, G. D., Pari, G. D., Cocco, Y., Evangelista, M., Feroci, M., Fiorini, F., Fornari, T., Froysland, F., Fuschino, M., Galli, F., Gianotti, C., Labanti, I., Lapshov, F., Lazzarotto, P., Lipari, Longo, Francesco, M., Marisaldi, S., Mereghetti, A., Morselli, A., Pellizzoni, L., Pacciani, F., Perotti, P., Picozza, M., Prest, M., Rapisarda, A., Rappoldi, P., Soffitta, M., Trifoglio, A., Troi, E., Vallazza, A., Zambra, D., Zanello, C., Pittori, F., Verrecchia, P., Santolamazza, B., Preger, D., Gasparrini, S., Cutini, P., Giommi, S., Colafrancesco, L., Salotti, Vercellone S, Chen AW, Vittorini V, Giuliani A, DAmmando F, Tavani M, Donnarumma I, Pucella G, Raiteri CM, Villata M, Chen WP, Tosti G, Impiombato D, Romano P, Belfiore A, De Luca A, Novara G, Senziani F, Bazzano A, Fiocchi MT, Ubertini P, Ferrari A, Argan A, Barbiellini G, Boffelli F, Bulgarelli A, Caraveo P, Cattaneo PW, Cocco V, Costa E, Del Monte E, De Paris G, Di Cocco G, Evangelista Y, Feroci M, Fiorini M, Fornari F, Froysland T, Fuschino F, Galli M, Gianotti F, Labanti C, Lapshov I, Lazzarotto F, Lipari P, Longo F, Marisaldi M, Mereghetti S, Morselli A, Pellizzoni A, Pacciani L, Perotti F, Picozza P, Prest M, Rapisarda M, Rappoldi A, Soffitta P, Trifoglio M, Trois A, Vallazza E, Zambra A, Zanello D, Pittori C, Verrecchia F, Santolamazza P, Preger B, Gasparrini D, Cutini S, Giommi P, Colafrancesco S, and Salotti L

Subjects
High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, Active Galactic Nuclei, AGILE satellite, Agile, Photon, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Inverse, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Electron, blazar, law.invention, Telescope, law, Blazar, Electronic band structure, galaxies: active – galaxies: jets – quasars: general – quasars: individual (3C 454.3) – radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, Line (formation), Physics, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Compton scattering, multiwavelength observation, Astronomy and Astrophysics, galaxies: active, galaxies: jets, quasars: general, quasars: individual: 3C 454.3, radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, Space and Planetary Science
Abstract

[Abridged] We report on a multiwavelength observation of the blazar 3C 454.3 (which we dubbed "crazy diamond") carried out on November 2007 by means of the astrophysical satellites AGILE, INTEGRAL, Swift, the WEBT Consortium, and the optical-NIR telescope REM. 3C 454.3 is detected at a $\sim 19-\sigma$ level during the 3-week observing period, with an average flux above 100 MeV of $F_{\rm E>100MeV} = (170 \pm 13) \times 10^{-8}$ \phcmsec. The gamma-ray spectrum can be fit with a single power-law with photon index $\Gamma_{\rm GRID} = 1.73 \pm 0.16$ between 100 MeV and 1 GeV. We detect significant day-by-day variability of the gamma-ray emission during our observations, and we can exclude that the fluxes are constant at the 99.6% ($\sim 2.9 \sigma$) level. The source was detected typically around 40 degrees off-axis, and it was substantially off--axis in the field of view of the AGILE hard X-ray imager. However, a 5-day long ToO observation by INTEGRAL detected 3C 454.3 at an average flux of about $F_{\rm 20-200 keV} = 1.49 \times 10^{-3}$ \phcmsec with an average photon index of $\Gamma_{\rm IBIS} = 1.75 \pm 0.24$ between 20--200 keV. Swift also detected 3C 454.3 with a flux in the 0.3--10 keV energy band in the range $(1.23-1.40) \times 10^{-2}$ \phcmsec{} and a photon index in the range $\Gamma_{\rm XRT} = 1.56-1.73$. In the optical band, both WEBT and REM show an extremely variable behavior in the $R$ band. A correlation analysis based on the entire data set is consistent with no time-lags between the gamma-ray and the optical flux variations. Our simultaneous multifrequency observations strongly indicate that the dominant emission mechanism between 30 MeV and 30 GeV is dominated by inverse Compton scattering of relativistic electrons in the jet on the external photons from the broad line region., Comment: Accepted for publication in ApJ. Abridged Abstract. 37 pages, 14 Figures, 3 Tables

Published
2008
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