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Start Over Author "Casas, Ricard" Topic astrophysics - instrumentation and methods for astrophysics
12 results on '"Casas, Ricard"'

1. The Robotic Multi-Object Focal Plane System of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI)

Author

Silber, Joseph Harry, Fagrelius, Parker, Fanning, Kevin, Schubnell, Michael, Aguilar, Jessica Nicole, Ahlen, Steven, Ameel, Jon, Ballester, Otger, Baltay, Charles, Bebek, Chris, Beard, Dominic Benton, Besuner, Robert, Cardiel-Sas, Laia, Casas, Ricard, Castander, Francisco Javier, Claybaugh, Todd, Dobson, Carl, Duan, Yutong, Dunlop, Patrick, Edelstein, Jerry, Emmet, William T., Elliott, Ann, Evatt, Matthew, Gershkovich, Irena, Guy, Julien, Harris, Stu, Heetderks, Henry, Heetderks, Ian, Honscheid, Klaus, Illa, Jose Maria, Jelinsky, Patrick, Jelinsky, Sharon R., Jimenez, Jorge, Karcher, Armin, Kent, Stephen, Kirkby, David, Kneib, Jean-Paul, Lambert, Andrew, Lampton, Mike, Leitner, Daniela, Levi, Michael, McCauley, Jeremy, Meisner, Aaron, Miller, Timothy N., Miquel, Ramon, Mundet, Juliá, Poppett, Claire, Rabinowitz, David, Reil, Kevin, Roman, David, Schlegel, David, Serrano, Santiago, Van Shourt, William, Sprayberry, David, Tarlé, Gregory, Tie, Suk Sien, Weaverdyck, Curtis, Zhang, Kai, Azzaro, Marco, Bailey, Stephen, Becerril, Santiago, Blackwell, Tami, Bouri, Mohamed, Brooks, David, Buckley-Geer, Elizabeth, Castro, Jose Peñate, Derwent, Mark, Dey, Arjun, Dhungana, Govinda, Doel, Peter, Eisenstein, Daniel J., Fahim, Nasib, Garcia-Bellido, Juan, Gaztañaga, Enrique, Gontcho, Satya Gontcho A, Gutierrez, Gaston, Hörler, Philipp, Kehoe, Robert, Kisner, Theodore, Kremin, Anthony, Kronig, Luzius, Landriau, Martin, Guillou, Laurent Le, Martini, Paul, Moustakas, John, Palanque-Delabrouille, Nathalie, Peng, Xiyan, Percival, Will, Prada, Francisco, Prieto, Carlos Allende, de Rivera, Guillermo Gonzalez, Sanchez, Eusebio, Sanchez, Justo, Sharples, Ray, Soares-Santos, Marcelle, Schlafly, Edward, Weaver, Benjamin Alan, Zhou, Zhimin, Zhu, Yaling, and Zou, Hu

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

A system of 5,020 robotic fiber positioners was installed in 2019 on the Mayall Telescope, at Kitt Peak National Observatory. The robots automatically re-target their optical fibers every 10 - 20 minutes, each to a precision of several microns, with a reconfiguration time less than 2 minutes. Over the next five years, they will enable the newly-constructed Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) to measure the spectra of 35 million galaxies and quasars. DESI will produce the largest 3D map of the universe to date and measure the expansion history of the cosmos. In addition to the 5,020 robotic positioners and optical fibers, DESI's Focal Plane System includes 6 guide cameras, 4 wavefront cameras, 123 fiducial point sources, and a metrology camera mounted at the primary mirror. The system also includes associated structural, thermal, and electrical systems. In all, it contains over 675,000 individual parts. We discuss the design, construction, quality control, and integration of all these components. We include a summary of the key requirements, the review and acceptance process, on-sky validations of requirements, and lessons learned for future multi-object, fiber-fed spectrographs., Comment: 51 pages, 41 figures

Published
2022
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2. The PAU Survey: Measurements of the 4000 {\AA} spectral break with narrow-band photometry

Author

Renard, Pablo, Siudek, Małgorzata, Eriksen, Martin B., Cabayol, Laura, Cai, Zheng, Carretero, Jorge, Casas, Ricard, Castander, Francisco J., Fernandez, Enrique, García-Bellido, Juan, Gaztanaga, Enrique, Hoekstra, Henk, Joachimi, Benjamin, Miquel, Ramon, Navarro-Girones, David, Padilla, Cristóbal, Sanchez, Eusebio, Serrano, Santiago, Tallada-Crespí, Pau, De Vicente, Juan, Wittje, Anna, and Wright, Angus H.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The D4000 spectral break index is one of the most important features in the visible spectrum, as it is a proxy for stellar ages and is also used in galaxy classification. However, its direct measurement has always been reserved to spectroscopy. Here, we present a general method to directly measure the D4000 with narrow-band (NB) photometry; it has been validated using realistic simulations, and then evaluated with PAUS NBs, cross-matched with VIPERS spectra ($i_{\rm AB} < 22.5$, $0.562 < z < 0.967$). We also reconstruct the D4000 with the SED-fitting code CIGALE; the use of PAUS NBs instead of broad bands significantly improves the SED fitting results. For D4000$_{\rm n}$, the direct measurement has $\rm \langle SNR \rangle \sim 4$, but we find that for $i_{\rm AB}<21$ all direct D4000 measurements have $\rm SNR>3$. The CIGALE D4000$_{\rm n}$ has $\rm \langle SNR \rangle \sim 20$, but underestimates the error by $>$50\%. Furthermore, the direct method recreates well the D4000-SFR relation, as well as the D4000-mass relation for blue galaxies (for red galaxies, selection effects impact the results). On the other hand, CIGALE accurately classifies galaxies into red and blue populations. We conclude that the direct measurement of D4000 with narrow-band photometry is a promising tool to determine average properties of galaxy samples, with results compatible with spectroscopy., Comment: 21 pages, 18 figures. Accepted in MNRAS

Published
2022
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3. The PAU Survey: narrowband photometric redshifts using Gaussian processes

Author

Soo, John Y. H., Joachimi, Benjamin, Eriksen, Martin, Siudek, Małgorzata, Alarcon, Alex, Cabayol, Laura, Carretero, Jorge, Casas, Ricard, Castander, Francisco J., Fernández, Enrique, Garciá-Bellido, Juan, Gaztanaga, Enrique, Hildebrandt, Hendrik, Hoekstra, Henk, Miquel, Ramon, Padilla, Cristobal, Sánchez, Eusebio, Serrano, Santiago, and Tallada-Crespí, Pau

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

We study the performance of the hybrid template-machine-learning photometric redshift (photo-$z$) algorithm Delight, which uses Gaussian processes, on a subset of the early data release of the Physics of the Accelerating Universe Survey (PAUS). We calibrate the fluxes of the $40$ PAUS narrow bands with $6$ broadband fluxes ($uBVriz$) in the COSMOS field using three different methods, including a new method which utilises the correlation between the apparent size and overall flux of the galaxy. We use a rich set of empirically derived galaxy spectral templates as guides to train the Gaussian process, and we show that our results are competitive with other standard photometric redshift algorithms. Delight achieves a photo-$z$ $68$th percentile error of $\sigma_{68}=0.0081(1+z)$ without any quality cut for galaxies with $i_\mathrm{auto}<22.5$ as compared to $0.0089(1+z)$ and $0.0202(1+z)$ for the BPz and ANNz2 codes, respectively. Delight is also shown to produce more accurate probability distribution functions for individual redshift estimates than BPz and ANNz2. Common photo-$z$ outliers of Delight and BCNz2 (previously applied to PAUS) are found to be primarily caused by outliers in the narrowband fluxes, with a small number of cases potentially indicating spectroscopic redshift failures in the reference sample. In the process, we introduce performance metrics derived from the results of BCNz2 and Delight, allowing us to achieve a photo-$z$ quality of $\sigma_{68}<0.0035(1+z)$ at a magnitude of $i_\mathrm{auto}<22.5$ while keeping $50$ per cent objects of the galaxy sample., Comment: 19 pages, 16 figures, accepted by MNRAS

Published
2021
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4. The PAU Survey: Background light estimation with deep learning techniques

Author

Cabayol-Garcia, Laura, Eriksen, Martin B., Alarcón, Àlex, Amara, Adam, Carretero, Jorge, Casas, Ricard, Castander, Francisco Javier, Fernández, Enrique, García-Bellido, Juan, Gaztanaga, Enrique, Hoekstra, Henk, Miquel, Ramon, Neissner, Christian, Padilla, Cristobal, Sánchez, Eusebio, Serrano, Santiago, Sevilla-Noarbe, Ignacio, Siudek, Malgorzata, Tallada, Pau, and Tortorelli, Luca

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

In any imaging survey, measuring accurately the astronomical background light is crucial to obtain good photometry. This paper introduces BKGnet, a deep neural network to predict the background and its associated error. BKGnet has been developed for data from the Physics of the Accelerating Universe Survey (PAUS), an imaging survey using a 40 narrow-band filter camera (PAUCam). Images obtained with PAUCam are affected by scattered light: an optical effect consisting of light multiply that deposits energy in specific detector regions contaminating the science measurements. Fortunately, scattered light is not a random effect, but it can be predicted and corrected for. We have found that BKGnet background predictions are very robust to distorting effects, while still being statistically accurate. On average, the use of BKGnet improves the photometric flux measurements by 7% and up to 20% at the bright end. BKGnet also removes a systematic trend in the background error estimation with magnitude in the i-band that is present with the current PAU data management method. With BKGnet, we reduce the photometric redshift outlier rate, Comment: 16 pages, 13 figures

Published
2019
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5. The Physics of the Accelerating Universe Camera

Author

Padilla, Cristobal, Castander, Francisco J., Alarcon, Alex, Aleksic, Jelena, Ballester, Otger, Cabayol, Laura, Cardiel-Sas, Laia, Carretero, Jorge, Casas, Ricard, Castilla, Javier, Crocce, Martin, Delfino, Manuel, Diaz, Carlos, Eriksen, Martin, Fernandez, Enrique, Fosalba, Pablo, Garcia-Bellido, Juan, Gaztanaga, Enrique, Gaweda, Javier, Granena, Ferran, Illa, Jose Maria, Jimenez, Jorge, Lopez, Luis, Marti, Pol, Miquel, Ramon, Neissner, Christian, Pio, Cristobal, Sanchez, Eusebio, Serrano, Santiago, Sevilla-Noarbe, Ignacio, Tallada, Pau, Tonello, Nadia, and de Vicente, Juan

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The PAU (Physics of the Accelerating Universe) Survey goal is to obtain photometric redshifts (photo-z) and Spectral Energy Distribution (SED) of astronomical objects with a resolution roughly one order of magnitude better than current broad band photometric surveys. To accomplish this, a new large field of view camera (PAUCam) has been designed, built, commissioned and is now operated at the William Herschel Telescope (WHT). With the current WHT Prime Focus corrector, the camera covers ~1-degree diameter Field of View (FoV), of which, only the inner ~40 arcmin diameter are unvignetted. The focal plane consists of a mosaic of 18 2k$x4k Hamamatsu fully depleted CCDs, with high quantum efficiency up to 1 micrometers in wavelength. To maximize the detector coverage within the FoV, filters are placed in front of the CCDs inside the camera cryostat (made out of carbon fiber) using a challenging movable tray system. The camera uses a set of 40 narrow band filters ranging from ~4500 to ~8500 Angstroms complemented with six standard broad-band filters, ugrizY. The PAU Survey aims to cover roughly 100 square degrees over fields with existing deep photometry and galaxy shapes to obtain accurate photometric redshifts for galaxies down to i_AB~22.5, detecting also galaxies down to i_AB~24 with less precision in redshift. With this data set we will be able to measure intrinsic alignments, galaxy clustering and perform galaxy evolution studies in a new range of densities and redshifts. Here, we describe the PAU camera, its first commissioning results and performance., Comment: 34 pages, 55 figures

Published
2019
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6. The PAU Survey: star-galaxy classification with multi narrow-band data

Author

Cabayol, Laura, Sevilla-Noarbe, Ignacio, Fernández, Enrique, Carretero, Jorge, Eriksen, Martin, Serrano, Santiago, Alarcón, Alex, Amara, Adam, Casas, Ricard, Castander, Francisco Javier, de Vicente, Juan, Folger, Martin, García-Bellido, Juan, Gaztanaga, Enrique, Hoekstra, Henk, Miquel, Ramon, Padilla, Cristobal, Sánchez, Eusebio, Stothert, Lee, Tallada, Pau, and Tortorelli, Luca

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

Classification of stars and galaxies is a well-known astronomical problem that has been treated using different approaches, most of them relying on morphological information. In this paper, we tackle this issue using the low-resolution spectra from narrow band photometry, provided by the PAUS (Physics of the Accelerating Universe) survey. We find that, with the photometric fluxes from the 40 narrow band filters and without including morphological information, it is possible to separate stars and galaxies to very high precision, 98.4% purity with a completeness of 98.8% for objects brighter than I = 22.5. This precision is obtained with a Convolutional Neural Network as a classification algorithm, applied to the objects' spectra. We have also applied the method to the ALHAMBRA photometric survey and we provide an updated classification for its Gold sample., Comment: 13 pages, 10 figures, the catalog with the ALHAMBRA classification is available at http://cosmohub.pic.es

Published
2018
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7. Overview of the DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys

Author

Dey, Arjun, Schlegel, David J., Lang, Dustin, Blum, Robert, Burleigh, Kaylan, Fan, Xiaohui, Findlay, Joseph R., Finkbeiner, Doug, Herrera, David, Juneau, Stephanie, Landriau, Martin, Levi, Michael, McGreer, Ian, Meisner, Aaron, Myers, Adam D., Moustakas, John, Nugent, Peter, Patej, Anna, Schlafly, Edward F., Walker, Alistair R., Valdes, Francisco, Weaver, Benjamin A., Zou, Christophe Yeche Hu, Zhou, Xu, Abareshi, Behzad, Abbott, T. M. C., Abolfathi, Bela, Aguilera, C., Alam, Shadab, Allen, Lori, Alvarez, A., Annis, James, Ansarinejad, Behzad, Aubert, Marie, Beechert, Jacqueline, Bell, Eric F., BenZvi, Segev Y., Beutler, Florian, Bielby, Richard M., Bolton, Adam S., Buckley-Geer, Cesar Briceno Elizabeth J., Butler, Karen, Calamida, Annalisa, Carlberg, Raymond G., Carter, Paul, Casas, Ricard, Castander, Francisco J., Choi, Yumi, Comparat, Johan, Cukanovaite, Elena, Delubac, Timothee, DeVries, Kaitlin, Dey, Sharmila, Dhungana, Govinda, Dickinson, Mark, Ding, Zhejie, Donaldson, John B., Duan, Yutong, Duckworth, Christopher J., Eftekharzadeh, Sarah, Eisenstein, Daniel J., Etourneau, Thomas, Fagrelius, Parker A., Farihi, Jay, Fitzpatrick, Mike, Font-Ribera, Andreu, Fulmer, Leah, Gansicke, Boris T., Gaztanaga, Enrique, George, Koshy, Gerdes, David W., Gontcho, Satya Gontcho A, Gorgoni, Claudio, Green, Gregory, Guy, Julien, Harmer, Diane, Hernandez, M., Honscheid, Klaus, Lijuan, Huang, James, David, Jannuzi, Buell T., Jiang, Linhua, Joyce, Richard, Karcher, Armin, Karkar, Sonia, Kehoe, Robert, Kneib, Jean-Paul, Kueter-Young, Andrea, Lan, Ting-Wen, Lauer, Tod, Guillou, Laurent Le, Van Suu, Auguste Le, Lee, Jae Hyeon, Lesser, Michael, Levasseur, Laurence Perreault, Li, Ting S., Mann, Justin L., Marshall, Bob, Martinez-Vazquez, C. E., Martini, Paul, Bourboux, Helion du Mas des, McManus, Sean, Meier, Tobias Gabriel, Menard, Brice, Metcalfe, Nigel, Munoz-Gutierrez, Andrea, Najita, Joan, Napier, Kevin, Narayan, Gautham, Newman, Jeffrey A., Nie, Jundan, Nord, Brian, Norman, Dara J., Olsen, Knut A. G., Paat, Anthony, Palanque-Delabrouille, Nathalie, Peng, Xiyan, Poppett, Claire L., Poremba, Megan R., Prakash, Abhishek, Rabinowitz, David, Raichoor, Anand, Rezaie, Mehdi, Robertson, A. N., Roe, Natalie A., Ross, Ashley J., Ross, Nicholas P., Rudnick, Gregory, Safonova, Sasha, Saha, Abhijit, Sanchez, F. Javier, Savary, Elodie, Schweiker, Heidi, Scott, Adam, Seo, Hee-Jong, Shan, Huanyuan, Silva, David R., Slepian, Zachary, Soto, Christian, Sprayberry, David, Staten, Ryan, Stillman, Coley M., Stupak, Robert J., Summers, David L., Tie, Suk Sien, Tirado, H., Vargas-Magana, Mariana, Vivas, A. Katherina, Wechsler, Risa H., Williams, Doug, Yang, Jinyi, Yang, Qian, Yapici, Tolga, Zaritsky, Dennis, Zenteno, A., Zhang, Kai, Zhang, Tianmeng, Zhou, Rongpu, and Zhou, Zhimin

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys are a combination of three public projects (the Dark Energy Camera Legacy Survey, the Beijing-Arizona Sky Survey, and the Mayall z-band Legacy Survey) that will jointly image approximately 14,000 deg^2 of the extragalactic sky visible from the northern hemisphere in three optical bands (g, r, and z) using telescopes at the Kitt Peak National Observatory and the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory. The combined survey footprint is split into two contiguous areas by the Galactic plane. The optical imaging is conducted using a unique strategy of dynamically adjusting the exposure times and pointing selection during observing that results in a survey of nearly uniform depth. In addition to calibrated images, the project is delivering a catalog, constructed by using a probabilistic inference-based approach to estimate source shapes and brightnesses. The catalog includes photometry from the grz optical bands and from four mid-infrared bands (at 3.4, 4.6, 12 and 22 micorons) observed by the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) satellite during its full operational lifetime. The project plans two public data releases each year. All the software used to generate the catalogs is also released with the data. This paper provides an overview of the Legacy Surveys project., Comment: 47 pages, 18 figures; accepted for publication in the Astronomical Journal

Published
2018
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8. The DESI Experiment Part I: Science,Targeting, and Survey Design

Author

DESI Collaboration, Aghamousa, Amir, Aguilar, Jessica, Ahlen, Steve, Alam, Shadab, Allen, Lori E., Prieto, Carlos Allende, Annis, James, Bailey, Stephen, Balland, Christophe, Ballester, Otger, Baltay, Charles, Beaufore, Lucas, Bebek, Chris, Beers, Timothy C., Bell, Eric F., Bernal, José Luis, Besuner, Robert, Beutler, Florian, Blake, Chris, Bleuler, Hannes, Blomqvist, Michael, Blum, Robert, Bolton, Adam S., Briceno, Cesar, Brooks, David, Brownstein, Joel R., Buckley-Geer, Elizabeth, Burden, Angela, Burtin, Etienne, Busca, Nicolas G., Cahn, Robert N., Cai, Yan-Chuan, Cardiel-Sas, Laia, Carlberg, Raymond G., Carton, Pierre-Henri, Casas, Ricard, Castander, Francisco J., Cervantes-Cota, Jorge L., Claybaugh, Todd M., Close, Madeline, Coker, Carl T., Cole, Shaun, Comparat, Johan, Cooper, Andrew P., Cousinou, M. -C., Crocce, Martin, Cuby, Jean-Gabriel, Cunningham, Daniel P., Davis, Tamara M., Dawson, Kyle S., de la Macorra, Axel, De Vicente, Juan, Delubac, Timothée, Derwent, Mark, Dey, Arjun, Dhungana, Govinda, Ding, Zhejie, Doel, Peter, Duan, Yutong T., Ealet, Anne, Edelstein, Jerry, Eftekharzadeh, Sarah, Eisenstein, Daniel J., Elliott, Ann, Escoffier, Stéphanie, Evatt, Matthew, Fagrelius, Parker, Fan, Xiaohui, Fanning, Kevin, Farahi, Arya, Farihi, Jay, Favole, Ginevra, Feng, Yu, Fernandez, Enrique, Findlay, Joseph R., Finkbeiner, Douglas P., Fitzpatrick, Michael J., Flaugher, Brenna, Flender, Samuel, Font-Ribera, Andreu, Forero-Romero, Jaime E., Fosalba, Pablo, Frenk, Carlos S., Fumagalli, Michele, Gaensicke, Boris T., Gallo, Giuseppe, Garcia-Bellido, Juan, Gaztanaga, Enrique, Fusillo, Nicola Pietro Gentile, Gerard, Terry, Gershkovich, Irena, Giannantonio, Tommaso, Gillet, Denis, Gonzalez-de-Rivera, Guillermo, Gonzalez-Perez, Violeta, Gott, Shelby, Graur, Or, Gutierrez, Gaston, Guy, Julien, Habib, Salman, Heetderks, Henry, Heetderks, Ian, Heitmann, Katrin, Hellwing, Wojciech A., Herrera, David A., Ho, Shirley, Holland, Stephen, Honscheid, Klaus, Huff, Eric, Hutchinson, Timothy A., Huterer, Dragan, Hwang, Ho Seong, Laguna, Joseph Maria Illa, Ishikawa, Yuzo, Jacobs, Dianna, Jeffrey, Niall, Jelinsky, Patrick, Jennings, Elise, Jiang, Linhua, Jimenez, Jorge, Johnson, Jennifer, Joyce, Richard, Jullo, Eric, Juneau, Stéphanie, Kama, Sami, Karcher, Armin, Karkar, Sonia, Kehoe, Robert, Kennamer, Noble, Kent, Stephen, Kilbinger, Martin, Kim, Alex G., Kirkby, David, Kisner, Theodore, Kitanidis, Ellie, Kneib, Jean-Paul, Koposov, Sergey, Kovacs, Eve, Koyama, Kazuya, Kremin, Anthony, Kron, Richard, Kronig, Luzius, Kueter-Young, Andrea, Lacey, Cedric G., Lafever, Robin, Lahav, Ofer, Lambert, Andrew, Lampton, Michael, Landriau, Martin, Lang, Dustin, Lauer, Tod R., Goff, Jean-Marc Le, Guillou, Laurent Le, Van Suu, Auguste Le, Lee, Jae Hyeon, Lee, Su-Jeong, Leitner, Daniela, Lesser, Michael, Levi, Michael E., L'Huillier, Benjamin, Li, Baojiu, Liang, Ming, Lin, Huan, Linder, Eric, Loebman, Sarah R., Lukić, Zarija, Ma, Jun, MacCrann, Niall, Magneville, Christophe, Makarem, Laleh, Manera, Marc, Manser, Christopher J., Marshall, Robert, Martini, Paul, Massey, Richard, Matheson, Thomas, McCauley, Jeremy, McDonald, Patrick, McGreer, Ian D., Meisner, Aaron, Metcalfe, Nigel, Miller, Timothy N., Miquel, Ramon, Moustakas, John, Myers, Adam, Naik, Milind, Newman, Jeffrey A., Nichol, Robert C., Nicola, Andrina, da Costa, Luiz Nicolati, Nie, Jundan, Niz, Gustavo, Norberg, Peder, Nord, Brian, Norman, Dara, Nugent, Peter, O'Brien, Thomas, Oh, Minji, Olsen, Knut A. G., Padilla, Cristobal, Padmanabhan, Hamsa, Padmanabhan, Nikhil, Palanque-Delabrouille, Nathalie, Palmese, Antonella, Pappalardo, Daniel, Pâris, Isabelle, Park, Changbom, Patej, Anna, Peacock, John A., Peiris, Hiranya V., Peng, Xiyan, Percival, Will J., Perruchot, Sandrine, Pieri, Matthew M., Pogge, Richard, Pollack, Jennifer E., Poppett, Claire, Prada, Francisco, Prakash, Abhishek, Probst, Ronald G., Rabinowitz, David, Raichoor, Anand, Ree, Chang Hee, Refregier, Alexandre, Regal, Xavier, Reid, Beth, Reil, Kevin, Rezaie, Mehdi, Rockosi, Constance M., Roe, Natalie, Ronayette, Samuel, Roodman, Aaron, Ross, Ashley J., Ross, Nicholas P., Rossi, Graziano, Rozo, Eduardo, Ruhlmann-Kleider, Vanina, Rykoff, Eli S., Sabiu, Cristiano, Samushia, Lado, Sanchez, Eusebio, Sanchez, Javier, Schlegel, David J., Schneider, Michael, Schubnell, Michael, Secroun, Aurélia, Seljak, Uros, Seo, Hee-Jong, Serrano, Santiago, Shafieloo, Arman, Shan, Huanyuan, Sharples, Ray, Sholl, Michael J., Shourt, William V., Silber, Joseph H., Silva, David R., Sirk, Martin M., Slosar, Anze, Smith, Alex, Smoot, George F., Som, Debopam, Song, Yong-Seon, Sprayberry, David, Staten, Ryan, Stefanik, Andy, Tarle, Gregory, Tie, Suk Sien, Tinker, Jeremy L., Tojeiro, Rita, Valdes, Francisco, Valenzuela, Octavio, Valluri, Monica, Vargas-Magana, Mariana, Verde, Licia, Walker, Alistair R., Wang, Jiali, Wang, Yuting, Weaver, Benjamin A., Weaverdyck, Curtis, Wechsler, Risa H., Weinberg, David H., White, Martin, Yang, Qian, Yeche, Christophe, Zhang, Tianmeng, Zhao, Gong-Bo, Zheng, Yi, Zhou, Xu, Zhou, Zhimin, Zhu, Yaling, Zou, Hu, and Zu, Ying

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

DESI (Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument) is a Stage IV ground-based dark energy experiment that will study baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) and the growth of structure through redshift-space distortions with a wide-area galaxy and quasar redshift survey. To trace the underlying dark matter distribution, spectroscopic targets will be selected in four classes from imaging data. We will measure luminous red galaxies up to $z=1.0$. To probe the Universe out to even higher redshift, DESI will target bright [O II] emission line galaxies up to $z=1.7$. Quasars will be targeted both as direct tracers of the underlying dark matter distribution and, at higher redshifts ($ 2.1 < z < 3.5$), for the Ly-$\alpha$ forest absorption features in their spectra, which will be used to trace the distribution of neutral hydrogen. When moonlight prevents efficient observations of the faint targets of the baseline survey, DESI will conduct a magnitude-limited Bright Galaxy Survey comprising approximately 10 million galaxies with a median $z\approx 0.2$. In total, more than 30 million galaxy and quasar redshifts will be obtained to measure the BAO feature and determine the matter power spectrum, including redshift space distortions.

Published
2016

9. The DESI Experiment Part II: Instrument Design

Author

DESI Collaboration, Aghamousa, Amir, Aguilar, Jessica, Ahlen, Steve, Alam, Shadab, Allen, Lori E., Prieto, Carlos Allende, Annis, James, Bailey, Stephen, Balland, Christophe, Ballester, Otger, Baltay, Charles, Beaufore, Lucas, Bebek, Chris, Beers, Timothy C., Bell, Eric F., Bernal, José Luis, Besuner, Robert, Beutler, Florian, Blake, Chris, Bleuler, Hannes, Blomqvist, Michael, Blum, Robert, Bolton, Adam S., Briceno, Cesar, Brooks, David, Brownstein, Joel R., Buckley-Geer, Elizabeth, Burden, Angela, Burtin, Etienne, Busca, Nicolas G., Cahn, Robert N., Cai, Yan-Chuan, Cardiel-Sas, Laia, Carlberg, Raymond G., Carton, Pierre-Henri, Casas, Ricard, Castander, Francisco J., Cervantes-Cota, Jorge L., Claybaugh, Todd M., Close, Madeline, Coker, Carl T., Cole, Shaun, Comparat, Johan, Cooper, Andrew P., Cousinou, M. -C., Crocce, Martin, Cuby, Jean-Gabriel, Cunningham, Daniel P., Davis, Tamara M., Dawson, Kyle S., de la Macorra, Axel, De Vicente, Juan, Delubac, Timothée, Derwent, Mark, Dey, Arjun, Dhungana, Govinda, Ding, Zhejie, Doel, Peter, Duan, Yutong T., Ealet, Anne, Edelstein, Jerry, Eftekharzadeh, Sarah, Eisenstein, Daniel J., Elliott, Ann, Escoffier, Stéphanie, Evatt, Matthew, Fagrelius, Parker, Fan, Xiaohui, Fanning, Kevin, Farahi, Arya, Farihi, Jay, Favole, Ginevra, Feng, Yu, Fernandez, Enrique, Findlay, Joseph R., Finkbeiner, Douglas P., Fitzpatrick, Michael J., Flaugher, Brenna, Flender, Samuel, Font-Ribera, Andreu, Forero-Romero, Jaime E., Fosalba, Pablo, Frenk, Carlos S., Fumagalli, Michele, Gaensicke, Boris T., Gallo, Giuseppe, Garcia-Bellido, Juan, Gaztanaga, Enrique, Fusillo, Nicola Pietro Gentile, Gerard, Terry, Gershkovich, Irena, Giannantonio, Tommaso, Gillet, Denis, Gonzalez-de-Rivera, Guillermo, Gonzalez-Perez, Violeta, Gott, Shelby, Graur, Or, Gutierrez, Gaston, Guy, Julien, Habib, Salman, Heetderks, Henry, Heetderks, Ian, Heitmann, Katrin, Hellwing, Wojciech A., Herrera, David A., Ho, Shirley, Holland, Stephen, Honscheid, Klaus, Huff, Eric, Hutchinson, Timothy A., Huterer, Dragan, Hwang, Ho Seong, Laguna, Joseph Maria Illa, Ishikawa, Yuzo, Jacobs, Dianna, Jeffrey, Niall, Jelinsky, Patrick, Jennings, Elise, Jiang, Linhua, Jimenez, Jorge, Johnson, Jennifer, Joyce, Richard, Jullo, Eric, Juneau, Stéphanie, Kama, Sami, Karcher, Armin, Karkar, Sonia, Kehoe, Robert, Kennamer, Noble, Kent, Stephen, Kilbinger, Martin, Kim, Alex G., Kirkby, David, Kisner, Theodore, Kitanidis, Ellie, Kneib, Jean-Paul, Koposov, Sergey, Kovacs, Eve, Koyama, Kazuya, Kremin, Anthony, Kron, Richard, Kronig, Luzius, Kueter-Young, Andrea, Lacey, Cedric G., Lafever, Robin, Lahav, Ofer, Lambert, Andrew, Lampton, Michael, Landriau, Martin, Lang, Dustin, Lauer, Tod R., Goff, Jean-Marc Le, Guillou, Laurent Le, Van Suu, Auguste Le, Lee, Jae Hyeon, Lee, Su-Jeong, Leitner, Daniela, Lesser, Michael, Levi, Michael E., L'Huillier, Benjamin, Li, Baojiu, Liang, Ming, Lin, Huan, Linder, Eric, Loebman, Sarah R., Lukić, Zarija, Ma, Jun, MacCrann, Niall, Magneville, Christophe, Makarem, Laleh, Manera, Marc, Manser, Christopher J., Marshall, Robert, Martini, Paul, Massey, Richard, Matheson, Thomas, McCauley, Jeremy, McDonald, Patrick, McGreer, Ian D., Meisner, Aaron, Metcalfe, Nigel, Miller, Timothy N., Miquel, Ramon, Moustakas, John, Myers, Adam, Naik, Milind, Newman, Jeffrey A., Nichol, Robert C., Nicola, Andrina, da Costa, Luiz Nicolati, Nie, Jundan, Niz, Gustavo, Norberg, Peder, Nord, Brian, Norman, Dara, Nugent, Peter, O'Brien, Thomas, Oh, Minji, Olsen, Knut A. G., Padilla, Cristobal, Padmanabhan, Hamsa, Padmanabhan, Nikhil, Palanque-Delabrouille, Nathalie, Palmese, Antonella, Pappalardo, Daniel, Pâris, Isabelle, Park, Changbom, Patej, Anna, Peacock, John A., Peiris, Hiranya V., Peng, Xiyan, Percival, Will J., Perruchot, Sandrine, Pieri, Matthew M., Pogge, Richard, Pollack, Jennifer E., Poppett, Claire, Prada, Francisco, Prakash, Abhishek, Probst, Ronald G., Rabinowitz, David, Raichoor, Anand, Ree, Chang Hee, Refregier, Alexandre, Regal, Xavier, Reid, Beth, Reil, Kevin, Rezaie, Mehdi, Rockosi, Constance M., Roe, Natalie, Ronayette, Samuel, Roodman, Aaron, Ross, Ashley J., Ross, Nicholas P., Rossi, Graziano, Rozo, Eduardo, Ruhlmann-Kleider, Vanina, Rykoff, Eli S., Sabiu, Cristiano, Samushia, Lado, Sanchez, Eusebio, Sanchez, Javier, Schlegel, David J., Schneider, Michael, Schubnell, Michael, Secroun, Aurélia, Seljak, Uros, Seo, Hee-Jong, Serrano, Santiago, Shafieloo, Arman, Shan, Huanyuan, Sharples, Ray, Sholl, Michael J., Shourt, William V., Silber, Joseph H., Silva, David R., Sirk, Martin M., Slosar, Anze, Smith, Alex, Smoot, George F., Som, Debopam, Song, Yong-Seon, Sprayberry, David, Staten, Ryan, Stefanik, Andy, Tarle, Gregory, Tie, Suk Sien, Tinker, Jeremy L., Tojeiro, Rita, Valdes, Francisco, Valenzuela, Octavio, Valluri, Monica, Vargas-Magana, Mariana, Verde, Licia, Walker, Alistair R., Wang, Jiali, Wang, Yuting, Weaver, Benjamin A., Weaverdyck, Curtis, Wechsler, Risa H., Weinberg, David H., White, Martin, Yang, Qian, Yeche, Christophe, Zhang, Tianmeng, Zhao, Gong-Bo, Zheng, Yi, Zhou, Xu, Zhou, Zhimin, Zhu, Yaling, Zou, Hu, and Zu, Ying

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

DESI (Dark Energy Spectropic Instrument) is a Stage IV ground-based dark energy experiment that will study baryon acoustic oscillations and the growth of structure through redshift-space distortions with a wide-area galaxy and quasar redshift survey. The DESI instrument is a robotically-actuated, fiber-fed spectrograph capable of taking up to 5,000 simultaneous spectra over a wavelength range from 360 nm to 980 nm. The fibers feed ten three-arm spectrographs with resolution $R= \lambda/\Delta\lambda$ between 2000 and 5500, depending on wavelength. The DESI instrument will be used to conduct a five-year survey designed to cover 14,000 deg$^2$. This powerful instrument will be installed at prime focus on the 4-m Mayall telescope in Kitt Peak, Arizona, along with a new optical corrector, which will provide a three-degree diameter field of view. The DESI collaboration will also deliver a spectroscopic pipeline and data management system to reduce and archive all data for eventual public use.

Published
2016

10. Overview of the DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys

Author

Dey, Arjun, Schlegel, David J., Lang, Dustin, Blum, Robert, Burleigh, Kaylan, Fan, Xiaohui, Findlay, Joseph R., Finkbeiner, Doug, Herrera, David, Juneau, Stephanie, Landriau, Martin, Levi, Michael, McGreer, Ian, Meisner, Aaron, Myers, Adam D., Moustakas, John, Nugent, Peter, Patej, Anna, Schlafly, Edward F., Walker, Alistair R., Valdes, Francisco, Weaver, Benjamin A., Yèche, Christophe, Zou, Hu, Zhou, Xu, Abareshi, Behzad, Abbott, T. M. C., Abolfathi, Bela, Aguilera, C., Alam, Shadab, Allen, Lori, Alvarez, A., Annis, James, Ansarinejad, Behzad, Aubert, Marie, Beechert, Jacqueline, Bell, Eric F., BenZvi, Segev Y., Beutler, Florian, Bielby, Richard M., Bolton, Adam S., Briceño, César, Buckley-Geer, Elizabeth J., Butler, Karen, Calamida, Annalisa, Carlberg, Raymond G., Carter, Paul, Casas, Ricard, Castander, Francisco J., Choi, Yumi, Comparat, Johan, Cukanovaite, Elena, Delubac, Timothee, DeVries, Kaitlin, Dey, Sharmila, Dhungana, Govinda, Dickinson, Mark, Ding, Zhejie, Donaldson, John B., Duan, Yutong, Duckworth, Christopher J., Eftekharzadeh, Sarah, Eisenstein, Daniel J., Etourneau, Thomas, Fagrelius, Parker A., Farihi, Jay, Fitzpatrick, Mike, Font-Ribera, Andreu, Fulmer, Leah, Gansicke, Boris T., Gaztanaga, Enrique, George, Koshy, Gerdes, David W., Gontcho, Satya Gontcho A., Gorgoni, Claudio, Green, Gregory, Guy, Julien, Harmer, Diane, Hernandez, M., Honscheid, Klaus, Lijuan, Huang, W., James, David, Jannuzi, Buell T., Jiang, Linhua, Joyce, Richard, Karcher, Armin, Karkar, Sonia, Kehoe, Robert, Kneib, Jean-Paul, Kueter-Young, Andrea, Lan, Ting-Wen, Lauer, Tod, Guillou, Laurent Le, Suu, Auguste Le Van, Lee, Jae Hyeon, Lesser, Michael, Levasseur, Laurence Perreault, Li, Ting S., Mann, Justin L., Marshall, Bob, Martinez-Vazquez, C. E., Martini, Paul, Bourboux, Helion du Mas des, McManus, Sean, Meier, Tobias Gabriel, Menard, Brice, Metcalfe, Nigel, Munoz-Gutierrez, Andrea, Najita, Joan, Napier, Kevin, Narayan, Gautham, Newman, Jeffrey A., Nie, Jundan, Nord, Brian, Norman, Dara J., Olsen, Knut A. G., Paat, Anthony, Palanque-Delabrouille, Nathalie, Peng, Xiyan, Poppett, Claire L., Poremba, Megan R., Prakash, Abhishek, Rabinowitz, David, Raichoor, Anand, Rezaie, Mehdi, Robertson, A. N., Roe, Natalie A., Ross, Ashley J., Ross, Nicholas P., Rudnick, Gregory, Safonova, Sasha, Saha, Abhijit, Sanchez, F. Javier, Savary, Elodie, Schweiker, Heidi, Scott, Adam, Seo, Hee-Jong, Shan, Huanyuan, Silva, David R., Slepian, Zachary, Soto, Christian, Sprayberry, David, Staten, Ryan, Stillman, Coley M., Stupak, Robert J., Summers, David L., Tie, Suk Sien, Tirado, H., Vargas-Magana, Mariana, Vivas, A. Katherina, Wechsler, Risa H., Williams, Doug, Yang, Jinyi, Yang, Qian, Yapici, Tolga, Zaritsky, Dennis, Zenteno, A., Zhang, Kai, Zhang, Tianmeng, Zhou, Rongpu, Zhou, Zhimin, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), Universidad Antonio Nariño (UAN), Département d'Astrophysique (ex SAP) (DAP), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, National University of Defense Technology [China], Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Departamento de FisicaTeorica e IFT-UAM/CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), EPFL Laboratoire d’astrophysique, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), National Optical Astronomy Observatory (NOAO), Columbia University [New York], Institut de Ciencies de l'Espai [Barcelona] (ICE-CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Biologie des Interactions Neurones / Glie, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), University of Arizona, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Astrophysique de Toulouse-Tarbes (LATT), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sorbonne Université (SU), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Pittsburgh], University of Pittsburgh (PITT), Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE)-Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE), Galaxies, Etoiles, Physique, Instrumentation (GEPI), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Lagrange de Paris, Chimie, Modélisation et Imagerie pour la Biologie [Orsay], Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Curie [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Computer Vision Center (Centre de visio per computador) (CVC), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), APC - Cosmologie, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Center for Structural Biology, Laboratoire de Tribologie et Dynamique des Systèmes (LTDS), École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Saint Etienne (ENISE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Saint Etienne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Natural Science Foundation of China, Department of Energy (US), National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (US), National Science Foundation (US), National Optical Astronomy Observatory (US), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Harvard University, Dey, Arjun, Schlegel, David J., Lang, Dustin, Blum, Robert, Fan, Xiaohui, Finkbeiner, Douglas, Herrera, David, Juneau, Stephanie, Landriau, Martin, Levi, Michael, McGreer, Ian, Meisner, Aaron, Moustakas, John, Nugent, Peter, Schlafly, Edward F., Walker, Alistair, Valdés, Francisco, Zou, Hu, Abolfathi, Bela, Allen, Lori, Annis, James, Ansarinejad, Behzad, Bell, Eric F., BenZvi, Segev, Beutler, Florian, Calamida, Annalisa, Carlberg, Raymond G., Casas, Richard, Castander, Francisco J., Choi, Yumi, Dickinson, Mark, Duan, Yutong, Fagrelius, Parker, Farihi, Jay, Fulmer, Leah, Gaztañaga, Enrique, George, Koshy, Gerdes, David W., Green, Gregory, James, David J., Jannuz, Buell T., Jiang, Linhua, Joyce, Richard, Karkar, Sonia, Kehoe, Robert, Lan, Ting-Wen, Lauer, Tod R., Le Guillou, Laurent, Lesser, Michael, Marshall, Robert, Martini, Paul, Mas des Bourboux, Hélion du, Metcalfe, Nigel, Narayan, Gautham, Newman, Jeffrey A., Nord, Brian, Olsen, Knut, Prakash, Abhishek, Ross, Nicholas P., Rudnick, Gregory, Safonova, Sasha, Saha, Abhijit, Schweiker, Heidi, Silva, David R., Sien, Suk, Vivas, Kathy, Yang, Jinyi, Yang, Qian, Yapici, Tolga, Zaritsky, Dennis, Zhang, Kai, Zhang, Tianmeng, Zhou, Rongpu, University of St Andrews. School of Physics and Astronomy, Dey, Arjun [0000-0002-4928-4003], Schlegel, David J. [0000-0002-5042-5088], Lang, Dustin [0000-0002-1172-0754], Blum, Robert [0000-0002-8622-4237], Fan, Xiaohui [0000-0003-3310-0131], Finkbeiner, Douglas [0000-0003-2808-275X], Herrera, David [0000-0003-2092-6727], Juneau, Stephanie [0000-0002-0000-2394], Landriau, Martin [0000-0003-1838-8528], Levi, Michael [0000-0003-1887-1018], McGreer, Ian [0000-0002-3461-5228], Meisner, Aaron [0000-0002-1125-7384], Moustakas, John [0000-0002-2733-4559], Nugent, Peter [0000-0002-3389-0586], Schlafly, Edward F. [0000-0002-3569-7421], Walker, Alistair [0000-0002-7123-8943], Valdés, Francisco [0000-0001-5567-1301], Zou, Hu [0000-0002-6684-3997], Abolfathi, Bela [0000-0003-1820-8486], Allen, Lori [0000-0002-7789-5119], Annis, James [0000-0002-0609-3987], Ansarinejad, Behzad [0000-0002-6443-3396], Bell, Eric F. [0000-0002-5564-9873], BenZvi, Segev [0000-0001-5537-4710], Beutler, Florian [0000-0003-0467-5438], Calamida, Annalisa [0000-0002-0882-7702], Carlberg, Raymond G. [0000-0002-7667-0081], Casas, Richard [0000-0002-8165-5601], Castander, Francisco J. [0000-0001-7316-4573], Choi, Yumi [0000-0003-1680-1884], Dickinson, Mark [0000-0001-5414-5131], Duan, Yutong [0000-0002-2611-0895], Fagrelius, Parker [0000-0001-6974-5826], Farihi, Jay [0000-0003-1748-602X], Fulmer, Leah [0000-0001-9247-7794], Gaztañaga, Enrique [0000-0001-9632-0815], George, Koshy [0000-0002-1734-8455], Gerdes, David W. [0000-0001-6942-2736], Green, Gregory [0000-0001-5417-2260], James, David J. [0000-0001-5160-4486], Jannuz, Buell T. [0000-0002-1578-6582], Jiang, Linhua [0000-0003-4176-6486], Joyce, Richard [0000-0003-0201-5241], Karkar, Sonia [0000-0003-2832-777X], Kehoe, Robert [0000-0002-7101-697X], Lan, Ting-Wen [0000-0001-8857-7020], Lauer, Tod R. [0000-0003-3234-7247], Le Guillou, Laurent [0000-0001-7178-8868], Lesser, Michael [0000-0002-7199-0537], Marshall, Robert [0000-0002-6880-9987], Martini, Paul [0000-0002-4279-4182], Mas des Bourboux, Hélion du [0000-0001-8955-3573], Metcalfe, Nigel [0000-0001-9034-4402], Narayan, Gautham [0000-0001-6022-0484], Newman, Jeffrey A. [0000-0001-8684-2222], Nord, Brian [0000-0001-6706-8972], Olsen, Knut [0000-0002-7134-8296], Prakash, Abhishek [0000-0003-4451-4444], Ross, Nicholas P. [0000-0003-1830-6473], Rudnick, Gregory [0000-0001-5851-1856], Safonova, Sasha [0000-0002-2240-7421], Saha, Abhijit [0000-0002-6839-4881], Schweiker, Heidi [0000-0001-9580-4869], Silva, David R. [0000-0002-7678-2155], Sien, Suk [0000-0002-5249-1353], Vivas, Kathy [0000-0003-4341-6172], Yang, Jinyi [0000-0001-5287-4242], Yang, Qian [0000-0002-6893-3742], Yapici, Tolga [0000-0002-5306-4804], Zaritsky, Dennis [0000-0002-5177-727X], Zhang, Kai [0000-0002-9808-3646], Zhang, Tianmeng [0000-0002-8531-5161], Zhou, Rongpu [0000-0001-5381-4372], Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], media_common.quotation_subject, halo, FOS: Physical sciences, Surveys, 01 natural sciences, milky-way tomography, Footprint, Software, surveys, Observatory, 0103 physical sciences, QB Astronomy, redshift distributions, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, dark energy survey, STFC, QB, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Remote sensing, media_common, business.industry, RCUK, Astronomy and Astrophysics, cosmos, 3rd-DAS, Probabilistic inference, Galactic plane, streams, Photometry (astronomy), Space and Planetary Science, Sky, Satellite, digital sky survey, galaxy, Catalogs, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, business, sdss, sextractor, catalogs, Geology, astro-ph.IM
Abstract

The DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys (http://legacysurvey.org/) are a combination of three public projects (the Dark Energy Camera Legacy Survey, the Beijing-Arizona Sky Survey, and the Mayall z-band Legacy Survey) that will jointly image ≈14,000 deg2 of the extragalactic sky visible from the northern hemisphere in three optical bands (g, r, and z) using telescopes at the Kitt Peak National Observatory and the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory. The combined survey footprint is split into two contiguous areas by the Galactic plane. The optical imaging is conducted using a unique strategy of dynamically adjusting the exposure times and pointing selection during observing that results in a survey of nearly uniform depth. In addition to calibrated images, the project is delivering a catalog, constructed by using a probabilistic inference-based approach to estimate source shapes and brightnesses. The catalog includes photometry from the grz optical bands and from four mid-infrared bands (at 3.4, 4.6, 12, and 22 μm) observed by the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer satellite during its full operational lifetime. The project plans two public data releases each year. All the software used to generate the catalogs is also released with the data. This paper provides an overview of the Legacy Surveys project., The BASS is also supported by the External Cooperation Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant # 114A11KYSB20160057), and Chinese National Natural Science Foundation (Grant # 11433005). The Legacy Surveys imaging of the DESI footprint is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02- 05CH11231, by the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, a DOE Office of Science User Facility under the same contract; and by the U.S. National Science Foundation, Division of Astronomical Sciences under Contract No. AST-0950945 to NOAO. Travel and other support for the DECaLS and MzLS projects is provided by the National Optical Astronomy Observatory, the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and the DESI Project. This research used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, a DOE Office of Science User Facility supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP/2007-2013) / ERC Grant Agreement n. 320964 (WDTracer). J. Moustakas gratefully acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation grant AST1616414. A. Dey thanks the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study for their generous support during the year these surveys were initiated. A. Dey, D. J. Schlegel, and D. Lang thank the Aspen Center for Physics, which is supported by National Science Foundation grant PHY-1066293, for their hospitality and support during summer 2015 during which part of this work was conducted.

Published
2019

11. The DESI Experiment Part I: Science,Targeting, and Survey Design

Author

Desi, Collaboration, Aghamousa, Amir, Aguilar, Jessica, Ahlen, Steve, Alam, Shadab, Allen, Lori E., Allende Prieto, Carlos, Annis, James, Bailey, Stephen, Balland, Christophe, Ballester, Otger, Baltay, Charles, Beaufore, Lucas, Bebek, Chris, Beers, Timothy C., Bell, Eric F., Bernal, José Luis, Besuner, Robert, Beutler, Florian, Blake, Chris, Bleuler, Hannes, Blomqvist, Michael, Blum, Robert, Bolton, Adam S., Briceno, Cesar, Brooks, David, Brownstein, Joel R., Buckley-Geer, Elizabeth, Burden, Angela, Burtin, Etienne, Busca, Nicolas G., Cahn, Robert N., Cai, Yan-Chuan, Cardiel-Sas, Laia, Carlberg, Raymond G., Carton, Pierre-Henri, Casas, Ricard, Castander, Francisco J., Cervantes-Cota, Jorge L., Claybaugh, Todd M., Close, Madeline, Coker, Carl T., Cole, Shaun, Comparat, Johan, Cooper, Andrew P., Cousinou, M. -C, Crocce, Martin, Cuby, Jean-Gabriel, Cunningham, Daniel P., Davis, Tamara M., Dawson, Kyle S., La Macorra, Axel, Vicente, Juan, Delubac, Timothée, Derwent, Mark, Dey, Arjun, Dhungana, Govinda, Ding, Zhejie, Doel, Peter, Duan, Yutong T., Ealet, Anne, Edelstein, Jerry, Eftekharzadeh, Sarah, Eisenstein, Daniel J., Elliott, Ann, Escoffier, Stéphanie, Evatt, Matthew, Fagrelius, Parker, Fan, Xiaohui, Fanning, Kevin, Farahi, Arya, Farihi, Jay, Favole, Ginevra, Feng, Yu, Fernandez, Enrique, Findlay, Joseph R., Finkbeiner, Douglas P., Fitzpatrick, Michael J., Flaugher, Brenna, Flender, Samuel, Font-Ribera, Andreu, Forero-Romero, Jaime E., Fosalba, Pablo, Frenk, Carlos S., Fumagalli, Michele, Gaensicke, Boris T., Gallo, Giuseppe, Garcia-Bellido, Juan, Gaztanaga, Enrique, Pietro Gentile Fusillo, Nicola, Gerard, Terry, Gershkovich, Irena, Giannantonio, Tommaso, Gillet, Denis, Gonzalez-De-Rivera, Guillermo, Gonzalez-Perez, Violeta, Gott, Shelby, Graur, Or, Gutierrez, Gaston, Guy, Julien, Habib, Salman, Heetderks, Henry, Heetderks, Ian, Heitmann, Katrin, Hellwing, Wojciech A., Herrera, David A., Ho, Shirley, Holland, Stephen, Honscheid, Klaus, Huff, Eric, Hutchinson, Timothy A., Huterer, Dragan, Hwang, Ho Seong, Illa Laguna, Joseph Maria, Ishikawa, Yuzo, Jacobs, Dianna, Jeffrey, Niall, Jelinsky, Patrick, Jennings, Elise, Jiang, Linhua, Jimenez, Jorge, Johnson, Jennifer, Joyce, Richard, Jullo, Eric, Juneau, Stéphanie, Kama, Sami, Karcher, Armin, Karkar, Sonia, Kehoe, Robert, Kennamer, Noble, Kent, Stephen, Kilbinger, Martin, Kim, Alex G., Kirkby, David, Kisner, Theodore, Kitanidis, Ellie, Kneib, Jean-Paul, Koposov, Sergey, Kovacs, Eve, Koyama, Kazuya, Kremin, Anthony, Kron, Richard, Kronig, Luzius, Kueter-Young, Andrea, Lacey, Cedric G., Lafever, Robin, Lahav, Ofer, Lambert, Andrew, Lampton, Michael, Landriau, Martin, Lang, Dustin, Lauer, Tod R., Le Goff, Jean-Marc, Le Guillou, Laurent, Le Suu, Auguste, Lee, Jae Hyeon, Lee, Su-Jeong, Leitner, Daniela, Lesser, Michael, Levi, Michael E., L Huillier, Benjamin, Li, Baojiu, Liang, Ming, Lin, Huan, Linder, Eric, Loebman, Sarah R., Lukić, Zarija, Ma, Jun, Maccrann, Niall, Magneville, Christophe, Makarem, Laleh, Manera, Marc, Manser, Christopher J., Marshall, Robert, Martini, Paul, Massey, Richard, Matheson, Thomas, Mccauley, Jeremy, Mcdonald, Patrick, Mcgreer, Ian D., Meisner, Aaron, Metcalfe, Nigel, Miller, Timothy N., Miquel, Ramon, Moustakas, John, Myers, Adam, Naik, Milind, Newman, Jeffrey A., Nichol, Robert C., Nicola, Andrina, Nicolati Da Costa, Luiz, Nie, Jundan, Niz, Gustavo, Norberg, Peder, Nord, Brian, Norman, Dara, Nugent, Peter, O Brien, Thomas, Oh, Minji, Olsen, Knut A. G., Padilla, Cristobal, Padmanabhan, Hamsa, Padmanabhan, Nikhil, Palanque-Delabrouille, Nathalie, Palmese, Antonella, Pappalardo, Daniel, Pâris, Isabelle, Park, Changbom, Patej, Anna, Peacock, John A., Peiris, Hiranya V., Peng, Xiyan, Percival, Will J., Perruchot, Sandrine, Pieri, Matthew M., Pogge, Richard, Pollack, Jennifer E., Poppett, Claire, Prada, Francisco, Prakash, Abhishek, Probst, Ronald G., Rabinowitz, David, Raichoor, Anand, Ree, Chang Hee, Refregier, Alexandre, Regal, Xavier, Reid, Beth, Reil, Kevin, Rezaie, Mehdi, Rockosi, Constance M., Roe, Natalie, Ronayette, Samuel, Roodman, Aaron, Ross, Ashley J., Ross, Nicholas P., Rossi, Graziano, Rozo, Eduardo, Ruhlmann-Kleider, Vanina, Rykoff, Eli S., Sabiu, Cristiano, Samushia, Lado, Sanchez, Eusebio, Sanchez, Javier, Schlegel, David J., Schneider, Michael, Schubnell, Michael, Secroun, Aurélia, Seljak, Uros, Seo, Hee-Jong, Serrano, Santiago, Shafieloo, Arman, Shan, Huanyuan, Sharples, Ray, Sholl, Michael J., Shourt, William V., Silber, Joseph H., Silva, David R., Sirk, Martin M., Slosar, Anze, Smith, Alex, Smoot, George F., Som, Debopam, Song, Yong-Seon, Sprayberry, David, Staten, Ryan, Stefanik, Andy, Tarle, Gregory, Sien Tie, Suk, Tinker, Jeremy L., Tojeiro, Rita, Valdes, Francisco, Valenzuela, Octavio, Valluri, Monica, Vargas-Magana, Mariana, Verde, Licia, Walker, Alistair R., Wang, Jiali, Wang, Yuting, Weaver, Benjamin A., Weaverdyck, Curtis, Wechsler, Risa H., Weinberg, David H., White, Martin, Yang, Qian, Yeche, Christophe, Zhang, Tianmeng, Zhao, Gong-Bo, Zheng, Yi, Zhou, Xu, Zhou, Zhimin, Zhu, Yaling, Zou, Hu, and Ying Zu

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), astro-ph.CO, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, astro-ph.IM
Abstract

DESI (Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument) is a Stage IV ground-based dark energy experiment that will study baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) and the growth of structure through redshift-space distortions with a wide-area galaxy and quasar redshift survey. To trace the underlying dark matter distribution, spectroscopic targets will be selected in four classes from imaging data. We will measure luminous red galaxies up to $z=1.0$. To probe the Universe out to even higher redshift, DESI will target bright [O II] emission line galaxies up to $z=1.7$. Quasars will be targeted both as direct tracers of the underlying dark matter distribution and, at higher redshifts ($ 2.1 < z < 3.5$), for the Ly-$��$ forest absorption features in their spectra, which will be used to trace the distribution of neutral hydrogen. When moonlight prevents efficient observations of the faint targets of the baseline survey, DESI will conduct a magnitude-limited Bright Galaxy Survey comprising approximately 10 million galaxies with a median $z\approx 0.2$. In total, more than 30 million galaxy and quasar redshifts will be obtained to measure the BAO feature and determine the matter power spectrum, including redshift space distortions.

12. The DESI Experiment Part II: Instrument Design

Author

Desi, Collaboration, Aghamousa, Amir, Aguilar, Jessica, Ahlen, Steve, Alam, Shadab, Allen, Lori E., Allende Prieto, Carlos, Annis, James, Bailey, Stephen, Balland, Christophe, Ballester, Otger, Baltay, Charles, Beaufore, Lucas, Bebek, Chris, Beers, Timothy C., Bell, Eric F., Bernal, José Luis, Besuner, Robert, Beutler, Florian, Blake, Chris, Bleuler, Hannes, Blomqvist, Michael, Blum, Robert, Bolton, Adam S., Briceno, Cesar, Brooks, David, Brownstein, Joel R., Buckley-Geer, Elizabeth, Burden, Angela, Burtin, Etienne, Busca, Nicolas G., Cahn, Robert N., Cai, Yan-Chuan, Cardiel-Sas, Laia, Carlberg, Raymond G., Carton, Pierre-Henri, Casas, Ricard, Castander, Francisco J., Cervantes-Cota, Jorge L., Claybaugh, Todd M., Close, Madeline, Coker, Carl T., Cole, Shaun, Comparat, Johan, Cooper, Andrew P., Cousinou, M. -C, Crocce, Martin, Cuby, Jean-Gabriel, Cunningham, Daniel P., Davis, Tamara M., Dawson, Kyle S., La Macorra, Axel, Vicente, Juan, Delubac, Timothée, Derwent, Mark, Dey, Arjun, Dhungana, Govinda, Ding, Zhejie, Doel, Peter, Duan, Yutong T., Ealet, Anne, Edelstein, Jerry, Eftekharzadeh, Sarah, Eisenstein, Daniel J., Elliott, Ann, Escoffier, Stéphanie, Evatt, Matthew, Fagrelius, Parker, Fan, Xiaohui, Fanning, Kevin, Farahi, Arya, Farihi, Jay, Favole, Ginevra, Feng, Yu, Fernandez, Enrique, Findlay, Joseph R., Finkbeiner, Douglas P., Fitzpatrick, Michael J., Flaugher, Brenna, Flender, Samuel, Font-Ribera, Andreu, Forero-Romero, Jaime E., Fosalba, Pablo, Frenk, Carlos S., Fumagalli, Michele, Gaensicke, Boris T., Gallo, Giuseppe, Garcia-Bellido, Juan, Gaztanaga, Enrique, Pietro Gentile Fusillo, Nicola, Gerard, Terry, Gershkovich, Irena, Giannantonio, Tommaso, Gillet, Denis, Gonzalez-De-Rivera, Guillermo, Gonzalez-Perez, Violeta, Gott, Shelby, Graur, Or, Gutierrez, Gaston, Guy, Julien, Habib, Salman, Heetderks, Henry, Heetderks, Ian, Heitmann, Katrin, Hellwing, Wojciech A., Herrera, David A., Ho, Shirley, Holland, Stephen, Honscheid, Klaus, Huff, Eric, Hutchinson, Timothy A., Huterer, Dragan, Hwang, Ho Seong, Illa Laguna, Joseph Maria, Ishikawa, Yuzo, Jacobs, Dianna, Jeffrey, Niall, Jelinsky, Patrick, Jennings, Elise, Jiang, Linhua, Jimenez, Jorge, Johnson, Jennifer, Joyce, Richard, Jullo, Eric, Juneau, Stéphanie, Kama, Sami, Karcher, Armin, Karkar, Sonia, Kehoe, Robert, Kennamer, Noble, Kent, Stephen, Kilbinger, Martin, Kim, Alex G., Kirkby, David, Kisner, Theodore, Kitanidis, Ellie, Kneib, Jean-Paul, Koposov, Sergey, Kovacs, Eve, Koyama, Kazuya, Kremin, Anthony, Kron, Richard, Kronig, Luzius, Kueter-Young, Andrea, Lacey, Cedric G., Lafever, Robin, Lahav, Ofer, Lambert, Andrew, Lampton, Michael, Landriau, Martin, Lang, Dustin, Lauer, Tod R., Le Goff, Jean-Marc, Le Guillou, Laurent, Le Suu, Auguste, Lee, Jae Hyeon, Lee, Su-Jeong, Leitner, Daniela, Lesser, Michael, Levi, Michael E., L Huillier, Benjamin, Li, Baojiu, Liang, Ming, Lin, Huan, Linder, Eric, Loebman, Sarah R., Lukić, Zarija, Ma, Jun, Maccrann, Niall, Magneville, Christophe, Makarem, Laleh, Manera, Marc, Manser, Christopher J., Marshall, Robert, Martini, Paul, Massey, Richard, Matheson, Thomas, Mccauley, Jeremy, Mcdonald, Patrick, Mcgreer, Ian D., Meisner, Aaron, Metcalfe, Nigel, Miller, Timothy N., Miquel, Ramon, Moustakas, John, Myers, Adam, Naik, Milind, Newman, Jeffrey A., Nichol, Robert C., Nicola, Andrina, Nicolati Da Costa, Luiz, Nie, Jundan, Niz, Gustavo, Peder Norberg, Nord, Brian, Norman, Dara, Nugent, Peter, O Brien, Thomas, Oh, Minji, Olsen, Knut A. G., Padilla, Cristobal, Padmanabhan, Hamsa, Padmanabhan, Nikhil, Palanque-Delabrouille, Nathalie, Palmese, Antonella, Pappalardo, Daniel, Pâris, Isabelle, Park, Changbom, Patej, Anna, Peacock, John A., Peiris, Hiranya V., Peng, Xiyan, Percival, Will J., Perruchot, Sandrine, Pieri, Matthew M., Pogge, Richard, Pollack, Jennifer E., Poppett, Claire, Prada, Francisco, Prakash, Abhishek, Probst, Ronald G., Rabinowitz, David, Raichoor, Anand, Ree, Chang Hee, Refregier, Alexandre, Regal, Xavier, Reid, Beth, Reil, Kevin, Rezaie, Mehdi, Rockosi, Constance M., Roe, Natalie, Ronayette, Samuel, Roodman, Aaron, Ross, Ashley J., Ross, Nicholas P., Rossi, Graziano, Rozo, Eduardo, Ruhlmann-Kleider, Vanina, Rykoff, Eli S., Sabiu, Cristiano, Samushia, Lado, Sanchez, Eusebio, Sanchez, Javier, Schlegel, David J., Schneider, Michael, Schubnell, Michael, Secroun, Aurélia, Seljak, Uros, Seo, Hee-Jong, Serrano, Santiago, Shafieloo, Arman, Shan, Huanyuan, Sharples, Ray, Sholl, Michael J., Shourt, William V., Silber, Joseph H., Silva, David R., Sirk, Martin M., Slosar, Anze, Smith, Alex, Smoot, George F., Som, Debopam, Song, Yong-Seon, Sprayberry, David, Staten, Ryan, Stefanik, Andy, Tarle, Gregory, Sien Tie, Suk, Tinker, Jeremy L., Tojeiro, Rita, Valdes, Francisco, Valenzuela, Octavio, Valluri, Monica, Vargas-Magana, Mariana, Verde, Licia, Walker, Alistair R., Wang, Jiali, Wang, Yuting, Weaver, Benjamin A., Weaverdyck, Curtis, Wechsler, Risa H., Weinberg, David H., White, Martin, Yang, Qian, Yeche, Christophe, Zhang, Tianmeng, Zhao, Gong-Bo, Zheng, Yi, Zhou, Xu, Zhou, Zhimin, Zhu, Yaling, Zou, Hu, Zu, Ying, Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (KASI), University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC), Boston University [Boston] (BU), Carnegie Mellon University [Pittsburgh] (CMU), University of Edinburgh, National Optical Astronomy Observatory (NOAO), Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias (IAC), Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Física d’Altes Energies [Barcelone] (IFAE), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Yale University [New Haven], Ohio State University [Columbus] (OSU), The University of Notre Dame [Sydney], Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan, University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, Institut de Ciencies del Cosmos (ICCUB), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Space Sciences Laboratory [Berkeley] (SSL), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), University of Portsmouth, Centre for Astrophysics & Supercomputing, Swinburne University of Technology (Hawthorn campus), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), The University of Utah, Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, University College of London [London] (UCL), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, APC - Cosmologie, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institute for Astronomy [Edinburgh] (IfA), Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics [University of Toronto], University of Toronto, Institut de Ciencies de l'Espai [Barcelona] (ICE-CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Carreterra Mexico-Toluca, Department of Physics [Durham University], Durham University, Department of Astronomy, The Ohio State University, Institute for Computational Cosmology (ICC), Instituto de Fisica Teorica C-XVI (IFT-UAM/CSIC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México = National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Department of Applied Physics, Departamento de Fisica Aplicada [Granada], Universidad de Granada = University of Granada (UGR)-Universidad de Granada = University of Granada (UGR), University of Wyoming (UW), Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA), Harvard University-Smithsonian Institution, Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Department of Physics, University of California, University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), Institute for Astronomy [Honolulu], University of Hawai‘i [Mānoa] (UHM), Department of Physics [Durham], University of New Hampshire (UNH), Departamento de Fisica Teorica, Korea Institute for Advanced Study (KIAS), Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Irvine], University of California [Irvine] (UC Irvine), Institute of Astronomy [Cambridge], University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Institute of Cosmology & Gravitation, Dennis Sciama Building, University of Portsmouth, Observatoire de Haute-Provence (OHP), Institut Pythéas (OSU PYTHEAS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Center for Cosmology & AstroParticle Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy [Pittsburgh], University of Pittsburgh (PITT), Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE)-Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE), Institute for Astronomy [Zürich], Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), School of Physics and Astronomy [Nottingham], University of Nottingham, UK (UON), School of Physics, University of Waterloo [Waterloo], Department of Astronomy and Space Science [Sejong University], Sejong University, Brookhaven National Laboratory [Upton, NY] (BNL), UT-Battelle, LLC-Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), State University of New York (SUNY)-State University of New York (SUNY)-U.S. Department of Energy [Washington] (DOE), Department of Physics [Ann Arbor], University of St Andrews [Scotland], University of Science and Technology of China [Hefei] (USTC), Department of Computer Science and Engineering [Minneapolis], University of Minnesota [Twin Cities] (UMN), University of Minnesota System-University of Minnesota System, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials, Shandong University, National University of Defense Technology [China], Avidea Technologies, Inc, DESI Collaboration, Okayama University, University of California [Berkeley], University of California, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), University of California-University of California, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Universidad de Granada (UGR)-Universidad de Granada (UGR), Harvard University [Cambridge]-Smithsonian Institution, Centre d'Immunologie et de Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI), University of California [Irvine] (UCI), U.S. Department of Energy [Washington] (DOE)-UT-Battelle, LLC-Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), State University of New York (SUNY)-State University of New York (SUNY), and Escoffier, Stephanie

Subjects
[SDU.ASTR.IM] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), astro-ph.CO, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), astro-ph.IM, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM]
Abstract

DESI (Dark Energy Spectropic Instrument) is a Stage IV ground-based dark energy experiment that will study baryon acoustic oscillations and the growth of structure through redshift-space distortions with a wide-area galaxy and quasar redshift survey. The DESI instrument is a robotically-actuated, fiber-fed spectrograph capable of taking up to 5,000 simultaneous spectra over a wavelength range from 360 nm to 980 nm. The fibers feed ten three-arm spectrographs with resolution $R= \lambda/\Delta\lambda$ between 2000 and 5500, depending on wavelength. The DESI instrument will be used to conduct a five-year survey designed to cover 14,000 deg$^2$. This powerful instrument will be installed at prime focus on the 4-m Mayall telescope in Kitt Peak, Arizona, along with a new optical corrector, which will provide a three-degree diameter field of view. The DESI collaboration will also deliver a spectroscopic pipeline and data management system to reduce and archive all data for eventual public use.

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