1. Performance of a front-end prototype ASIC for the ATLAS High Granularity Timing Detector
- Author
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Agapopoulou, C., Beresford, L.A., Boumediene, D.E., Castillo García, L., Conforti, S., de la Taille, C., Corpe, L.D., de Sousa, M.J. Da Cunha Sargedas, Dinaucourt, P., Falou, A., Gautam, V., Gong, D., Grieco, C., Grinstein, S., Guindon, S., Howard, A., Kurdysh, O., Kuwertz, E., Li, C., Makovec, N., Markovic, B., Martin-Chassal, G., Mazzini, R., Milke, C., Morenas, M., Perrin, O., Raskina, V., Rizzi, C., Ruckman, L., Rummler, A., Sacerdoti, S., Saito, G., Seguin-Moreau, N., Serin, L., Yang, X., Ye, J., Zhou, W., Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont (LPC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Organisation de Micro-Électronique Générale Avancée (OMEGA), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), and Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
noise ,Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors ,hep-ex ,integrated circuit ,FOS: Physical sciences ,time-to-digital converter ,Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det) ,ATLAS ,calibration ,High Energy Physics - Experiment ,High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex) ,impedance ,electronics: readout ,[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex] ,[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det] ,Detectors and Experimental Techniques ,physics.ins-det ,time resolution ,Particle Physics - Experiment ,performance - Abstract
This paper presents the design and characterisation of a front-end prototype ASIC for the ATLAS High Granularity Timing Detector, which is planned for the High-Luminosity phase of the LHC. This prototype, called ALTIROC1, consists of a 5$\times$5-pad matrix and contains the analog part of the single-channel readout (preamplifier, discriminator, two TDCs and SRAM). Two preamplifier architectures (transimpedance and voltage) were implemented and tested. The ASIC was characterised both alone and as a module when connected to a 5$\times$5-pad array of LGAD sensors. In calibration measurements, the ASIC operating alone was found to satisfy the technical requirements for the project, with similar performances for both preamplifier types. In particular, the jitter was found to be 15$\pm$1~ps (35$\pm$1~ps) for an injected charge of 10~fC (4~fC). A degradation in performance was observed when the ASIC was connected to the LGAD array. This is attributed to digital couplings at the entrance of the preamplifiers. When the ASIC is connected to the LGAD array, the lowest detectable charge increased from 1.5~fC to 3.4~fC. As a consequence, the jitter increased for an injected charge of 4~fC. Despite this increase, ALTIROC1 still satisfies the maximum jitter specification (below 65~ps) for the HGTD project. This coupling issue also affects the time over threshold measurements and the time-walk correction can only be performed with transimpedance preamplifiers. Beam test measurements with a pion beam at CERN were also undertaken to evaluate the performance of the module. The best time resolution obtained using only ALTIROC TDC data was 46.3$\pm$0.7~ps for a restricted time of arrival range where the coupling issue is minimized. The residual time-walk contribution is equal to 23~ps and is the dominant electronic noise contribution to the time resolution at 15~fC., 20 pages, 15 figures
- Published
- 2023