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We present information on ozone concentration in the surface air layer in the second half of 2020. Data were obtained at 13 stations located in different regions of Russia. We estimated the excess over hygienic standards of the Russian Federation, both in the second half of the year and throughout 2020. It is shown that the daily average maximum permissible concentration of ozone is regularly exceeded at all stations. There are cases of exceeding the one-time maximum permissible concentration.

Information on the ozone concentration in the surface air and troposphere in the first half of 2020 is presented. The data were acquired at 13 stations in different Russian regions; vertical distributions were obtained with the use of an aircraft laboratory. The excess over the Russian Federation hygienic standards is assessed; the daily average ozone concentration is found to be regularly higher the maximum permissible concentrations at most stations. At some stations, there are features the seasonal variations in the ozone concentration in the period under study different from previous years.

In this paper, we studied the interrelation between the variations in CH4, CO, CO2, NO, NO2, O3, and SO2 concentrations, and the number concentration of aerosol with particle diameters larger than 0.4 μm, and the following meteorological parameters: air temperature, atmospheric pressure, wind direction and speed, total solar radiation and ultraviolet radiation in the wavelength range 295–320 nm, relative humidity, and partial water vapor pressure. For this, we used the air composition monitoring data (for the period 1993–2018) from the Tropospheric Ozone Research (TOR) station in the region of Tomsk Akademgorodok.

Data from aircraft and satellite sensing at the ocean–land boundary in the region of the Kara Sea in October 2014 are compared, using 11 and 7 profiles, which were synchronously measured over a continental part and ocean, respectively. It was found that the satellite usually overestimates the CH4 and CO2 concentrations in the 0–8-km layer over the continental part of the Arctic region and underestimates them over the ocean. Over continent, the satellite overestimates the methane concentrations by 28 ppb in the boundary layer and by much more in the middle (182 ppb) and upper (113 ppb) troposphere. Over ocean, the satellite measurements are, on average, lower by 37 ppb in the boundary layer, by 73 ppb in the middle troposphere, and by 71 ppb in the upper troposphere. Over continent, the discrepancy in CO2 concentrations, measured with different instruments, is, on average, 18.2 ppm in the boundary layer and can vary from 3.2 to 26.5 ppm. In the middle troposphere (4 km), the average differences decrease to 10.8 ppm, with the range of differences even increasing somewhat, to 0.6–25.5 ppm. In the upper troposphere (8 km), the average difference in measurements between the instruments decreases to 2.8 ppm. The underestimation turns out to be greater in amplitude over the ocean. It is noteworthy that the comparison yielded acceptable results for CO and O3.

The paper studies the changes in the gas composition of the atmosphere in the surface layer for the Tomsk region (Akademgorodok) during the periods of sharp change of air masses. Studies were conducted for the summer seasons (June-August 1993-2018) for the periods of change of air masses from warm to cold. Ozone, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and sulfur dioxide (O3, CO2, CO, SO2) concentrations were used for the analysis of the change in chemical composition. The concentrations have been derived from TOR station. For the analysis of air mass change, ECMWF Era-Interim data on the potential temperature on the dynamic tropopause (PV-θ) was used. The paper studies the processes air mass change in which the difference of PV-θ anomaly was about 20-30 K. It was found that the concentration of CO2 is mainly increasing, and concentrations of O3 and aerosol are decreasing during the polar intrusion. For CO and SO2, no dependence on a sharp change in the air mass properties was found.

The paper presents the results of the estimations of vertical methane fluxes obtained by using the gradient method. The gradient measurements of methane concentration and meteorological parameters have been obtained from the Observatory Fonovaya of V.E. Zuev Atmospheric optics institute SB RAS from July 2016 to December 2018.

The article provides a joint analysis of the aerosol chemical composition data on the content of inorganic components (chemical elements and ions) and hydrocarbons (n-alkanes) as part of an aerosol over Karakansky bor (a large forest with prevailing coniferous trees on the right bank of the southern part of the Novosibirsk reservoir) in aircraft sounding from 2011 to 2016. Correlation analysis showed the greatest connection with n-alkanes of three metals - copper, cobalt and aluminum, especially copper and cobalt, with 5-6 hydrocarbon homologues right away Sodium, potassium, calcium and barium correlate with 1-2 n-alkanes. Soil aluminum and silicon, and a number of other trace elements find a connection with 1-3 n-alkanes. The homologs that are often correlated with one metal are consistently in the same row, which may indicate a significant catalytic activity of this metal in the atmosphere.

International audience; Here, we briefly describe the station established by IAO SB RAS at Fonovaya Observatory to carry out continuous measurements of atmospheric composition and other parameters in West Siberia. Specifications of the instrumentation installed at the station, functioning modes of individual units comprising it, collection, transferring and storage of the measurement data are presented.

The vertical profiles of the O3, CO, CO2 and CH4 concentrations measured onboard the Optik Tu-134 aircraft laboratory and retrieved from data obtained with an IASI Fourier transform spectrometer operating aboard a MetOp satellite (European Space Agency) have been compared. This comparison shows that absolute differences between aircraft satellite ozone concentrations may vary from 55 to 15 ppb at the land surface and within the lower boundary layer and from 30 to −15 ppb at a height of 7000 m. Their relative differences range within 60 to 30% at a height of 500 m and 30 to −35% at a height of 7000 m. Absolute differences between aircraft and satellite carbon-monoxide concentrations may vary from 80 to 2300 ppb, while their relative differences range within −140 to 98%. For methane, the mean difference is maximal within the atmospheric boundary layer (90 ppb). According to the data on all profiles, the maximum and minimum differences reach 220 and 8 ppb, respectively, within the atmospheric boundary layer. Minimum differences range from zero at the land surface to −100 ppb in the upper troposphere. For carbon dioxide, the mean difference between the results of aircraft and satellite measurements ranges from −2 to −9 ppm. In the free troposphere, at a height of more than 3000 m, this difference is almost constant and amounts to −6 ppm. Over all flights, the maximum and minimum differences between aircraft and satellite CO2 concentrations range from 14 to −4 ppm and from −7 to −16 ppm, respectively, within the atmospheric boundary layer. In this case, the maximum and minimum relative deviations over all flights amount to 3.4 and −4.2%, respectively, within the atmospheric boundary layer. These differences are significantly larger than those found earlier for the background conditions. It is necessary to improve the vertical gas distribution models used in the algorithms of satellite-data processing.

The content of gaseous species of atmosphere (СО, СO2, NO2, O3, СН4) during the period of smoke haze caused by forest fires in the summer 2012 over Siberia is analyzed on the base of satellite and ground-based (Tomsk) measurements. The temporal evolution of the spatial distributions of carbon monoxide and aerosol optical thickness of the atmosphere over Tomsk region is discussed.

The scientific instrumental complex of the Optik-É AN-30 aircraft laboratory developed at the Institute of Atmospheric Optics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences is described in detail. Specifications of the main units of the instrumental complex are presented. Special attention is given to the metrological support of measurements of the atmospheric parameters. Experimental capabilities of the aircraft laboratory are illustrated by the results obtained in recent flights over various regions of the Russian Federation.

The primary project objective was to accomplish the Complex Aerosol Experiment, during which the aerosol properties should be measured in the near-ground layer and free atmosphere. Three measurement cycles were performed during the project implementation: in spring period (April), when the maximum of aerosol generation is observed; in summer (July), when atmospheric boundary layer height and mixing layer height are maximal; and in late summer – early autumn (October), when the secondary particle nucleation period is recorded. Numerical calculations were compared with measurements of fluxes of downward solar radiation. It was shown that the relative differences between model and experimental values of fluxes of direct and total radiation, on the average, do not exceed 1% and 3% respectively.

The primary objective of this complex aerosol experiment was the measurement of microphysical, chemical, and optical properties of aerosol particles in the surface air layer and free atmosphere. The measurement data were used to retrieve the whole set of aerosol optical parameters, necessary for radiation calculations. Three measurement cycles were performed within the experiment during 2013: in spring, when the aerosol generation is maximal; in summer (July), when atmospheric boundary layer altitude and, hence, mixing layer altitude are maximal; and in late summer/early autumn, during the period of nucleation of secondary particles. Thus, independently obtained data on the optical, meteorological, and microphysical parameters of the atmosphere allow intercalibration and inter-complement of the data and thereby provide for qualitatively new information which explains the physical nature of the processes that form the vertical structure of the aerosol field.

In December 1992 a station for atmospheric observations has been put into operation at the Institute of Atmospheric Optics within the frameworks of the program of ecological monitoring of Siberia. The station provides for acquiring data on gas and aerosol composition of the atmosphere, on meteorological quantities, and the background of gamma radiation. The station operates day and night and the whole year round. All the measurement procedures are fully automated. Readouts from the measuring devices are performed very hour 10 minutes averaged. In addition, synoptic information is also received at the station. Periodically gas chromatographic analysis is being done to determine concentrations of hydrocarbons from the methane row. Occasionally, chemical composition of suspended matter is determined relative to 39 ingredients. The station is located to the north-east of Tomsk, Akademgorodok. Therefore sometimes it measures air mass coming from Tomsk down town area and sometimes the air mass from rural areas. As a result information obtained at this station should be typical for recreation zones around Tomsk.