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Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) is a common and difficult problem that is regularly seen in general paediatric practice. Although classified as an independent diagnosis, ODD very commonly coexists with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) but in contrast to the latter, there are few studies that deal specifically with ODD and there is a lack of formal management guidelines. However, if ODD was included as a subtype of ADHD, this exclusion would not be sustainable. This would make guidelines more helpful and relevant for Australian paediatricians who currently have little support beyond their own clinical experience in dealing with this often very disabling condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]