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Current pharmacological approaches have failed to provide complete remission for patients with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of resveratrol (that have been shown to have antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects) as an adjunct to methylphenidate in pharmacologic treatment of ADHD. This 8-week, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial randomized 66 participants to receive either 500 mg/day resveratrol or matched placebo in addition to methylphenidate. ADHD symptoms were evaluated in the patients using the Parent and Teacher versions of ADHD-Rating Scale (ADHD-RS) at three measurement points with time intervals of 4 weeks. Furthermore, the tolerability of the treatment strategies was systematically compared. Repeated measures analysis demonstrated a significant effect for time–treatment interaction on all three subscales of the Parent ADHD-RS during the trial period (total: p = 0.015; inattention: p = 0.032; hyperactivity/impulsivity: p = 0.036). Nevertheless, the effect for time–treatment interaction was not significant for the Teacher version of ADHD-RS (total: F = 0.81, df = 1.33, p = 0.401; inattention: F = 0.57, df = 1.37, p = 0.507; hyperactivity/impulsivity: F = 0.65, df = 1.34, p = 0.466). The frequencies of complications in the treatment groups were similar. Resveratrol administration for a duration of 8 weeks improved characteristic symptoms in patients with ADHD according to their parents. Further investigations containing larger sample sizes, longer supplementation periods, and dose–response evaluations are required to replicate these findings in ADHD children more confidently. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of tipepidine as an add‐on to methylphenidate in the drug treatment of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods: This study was an 8‐week, randomized, parallel group, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial recruiting 53 ADHD‐diagnosed children. Patients were randomly divided to receive methylphenidate + tipepidine or methylphenidate + placebo for 8 weeks. Participants were assessed using the parent version of ADHD Rating Scale‐IV and the Clinical Global Impression scale at baseline, at week 4, and at the end of the trial. Moreover, the safety and tolerability of the treatment strategies were compared. Results: On general linear model repeated measures analysis a significant effect was seen for time × treatment interaction on the total and hyperactivity–impulsivity subscales of the Parent ADHD Rating Scale‐IV during the trial period (Greenhouse–Geisser corrected: F = 3.45, d.f. = 1.52, P = 0.049, and F = 5.17, d.f. = 1.52, P = 0.014, respectively). The effect for time × treatment interaction, however, was not significant on Clinical Global Impression‐Severity scale (Greenhouse–Geisser corrected: F = 1.79, d.f. = 1.43, P = 0.182). The frequencies of adverse events were similar between the two groups. Conclusion: Eight weeks of treatment with tipepidine, as a supplementary medication, resulted in satisfactory efficacy and safety of the adjuvant therapy in management of patients with ADHD. Rigorous investigations, however, involving larger sample sizes, more extended treatment periods, and dose responses should be considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]