1. Insights into systemic lupus erythematosus: a retrospective observational study of clinical features, autoantibodies, and gender-related differences.
- Author
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Adwan MH, Qasem U, Atawnah SY, Itmeizeh M, Hanbali R, Alsoofi NA, Jbara MA, AbuHelal A, and Alnaimat F
- Subjects
- Humans, Male, Female, Adult, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Young Adult, Sex Factors, Jordan epidemiology, Adolescent, Raynaud Disease immunology, Raynaud Disease epidemiology, Raynaud Disease etiology, Arthralgia epidemiology, Arthralgia immunology, Arthralgia etiology, Antibodies, Antinuclear blood, Antibodies, Antinuclear immunology, Fatigue epidemiology, Fatigue etiology, Age Factors, Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic immunology, Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic epidemiology, Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic complications, Autoantibodies blood
- Abstract
This study aims to analyze the clinical and immunologic features of SLE in Jordan, while also investigating the impact of age and gender on disease presentation. The study included 275 patients diagnosed with SLE. Data were collected through meticulous patient interviews and thorough examination of patient hospital records. The cohort exhibited a mean age of 36.8 ± 12.9 years, with an average disease duration of 7.0 ± 7.8 years. The mean age at diagnosis was 29.9 ± 12.1 years, and the female to male ratio was 7.8:1. The most frequently observed symptoms were arthralgia (90.2%), fatigue (80.7%), hematologic manifestations (62%), photosensitivity (60.7%), Raynaud's phenomenon (53.5%), and malar rash (50.9%). The frequencies of various autoantibodies were as follows: ANA (96.7%), anti-dsDNA (39.6%), anti-SSA/Ro (32.8%), anti-Sm (21.8%), anti-U1-RNP (20.6%), and anti-SSB/La (15.5%). Male patients tended to receive a diagnosis at a younger age and exhibited a higher likelihood of experiencing severe manifestations compared to females. Additionally, juvenile onset patients demonstrated an increased likelihood of fever, photosensitivity, myositis, and anti-dsDNA autoantibodies, while adult onset patients were more predisposed to having anti-Ro, anti-La, and RF autoantibodies. This study reveals that the most prevalent manifestations of SLE in the Jordanian cohort encompassed arthralgia, fatigue, and hematologic manifestations. The prevalence of alopecia and Raynaud's phenomenon exceeded that observed in other published cohorts, while arthritis and discoid rash were less frequently encountered. The study highlights that males are more susceptible to developing severe manifestations of SLE compared to females., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)
- Published
- 2024
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