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Quantum silicon nanowires (SiNWs) arrays have been synthesized by chemical vapor deposition template method without catalyst. The results of SEM and TEM reveal clear alignment of the SiNWs and each nanowire with perfect lattices is a single crystal. The growth mechanism of SiNWs without catalyst is discussed based on VLS mechanism. The unusual pattern in the Raman spectrum may be a unique characteristic of low-dimensional nano-scale materials. Enhanced photoluminescence properties may be associated with the quantum confinement effect and the formation of ordered arrays. Field emission from SiNWs arrays under various anode–cathode distances are analyzed based on Fowler–Nordheim theory. The superior field emission behavior is believed to originate from the oriented growth and the sharp tips of SiNWs. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]