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Abstract: A single sugar α-linked glucuronic acid-based oligosaccharide (SSGO), which is a by-product produced during bacterial cellulose (BC) synthesis by Gluconacetobacter hansenii, was evaluated as an additive to synthetic medium during BC production. We assessed the ability of the SSGO to serve as an alternative carbon source to glucose for BC production. To improve the BC yield from glucose by G. hansenii PJK, SSGO was added to a chemically defined medium (CDM). In the presence of 1% SSGO, the amount of BC produced was 10.5g/L after 10 days of cultivation, whereas in the absence of SSGO, only 7.4g/L of BC was produced. These results indicate that SSGO can be used as an alternative carbon source for BC production. Moreover, the addition of SSGO to the CDM increased the diameter of the BC fibers, which improved its tensile strength and water release properties. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Bacterial cellulose (BC) has emerged as a biomaterial for diverse biomedical applications owing to its unique structural, physico-chemical, mechanical, and biological features. Its porous geometry and three-dimensional fibrous structure allow the impregnation of various materials into its matrix. The current study was aimed to fabricate 3D scaffolds of bacterial cellulose and chitosan (BC-Chi) through a one-step ex situ solution impregnation strategy and analyze the scaffold interaction with the ovarian cancer cell lines (A2780). Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) showed successful impregnation of chitosan into the BC matrix. Phase-contrast and confocal microscopy analyses revealed that human ovarian cancer cell lines (A2780) were adhered not only to the surface but deeply infiltrated into the matrix of BC-Chi scaffold. WST-1 assay, histology analysis, and cytoskeleton and nuclear staining showed high viability, proliferation, and infiltration of A2780 cell lines into the scaffold. The RT-PCR analysis revealed a decreased mRNA level of Notch receptors, indicating a strong cell-scaffold interaction. The improved biocompatibility, non-toxicity, and 3D structure of fabricated BC-Chi scaffold justify its potential applications diagnosis of ovarian cancer in vivo. • Ex situ development of 3D BC-Chi scaffolds for diagnosis of ovarian cancer • Cell-scaffold interaction analysis • Strong adhesion and negligible aggregation of cancer cell lines in 3D BC-Chi scaffold matrix • Improved infiltration of cancer cell lines to BC-Chi scaffold as compared to pristine BC • Better cell-scaffold interaction than cell-cell interaction in BC-Chi scaffolds [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bacterial cellulose (BC) has received substantial attention because of its high purity, mechanical strength, crystallinity, liquid-absorbing capabilities, biocompatibility, and biodegradability etc. These properties allow BC to be used in various fields, especially in industries producing medical, electronic, and food products etc. A major discrepancy associated with BC is its high production cost, usually much higher than the plant cellulose. To address this limitations, researchers have developed several strategies for enhanced production of BC including the designing of advanced reactors and utilization of various carbon sources. Another promising approach is the production of BC from waste materials such as food, industrial, agricultural, and brewery wastes etc. which not only reduces the overall BC production cost but is also environment-friendly. Besides, exploration of novel and efficient BC producing microbial strains provides impressive boost to the BC production processes. To this end, development of genetically engineered microbial strains has proven useful for enhanced BC production. In this review, we have summarized major efforts to enhance BC production in order to make it a cost-effective biopolymer. This review can be of interest to researchers investigating strategies for enhanced BC production, as well as companies exploring pilot projects to scale up BC production for industrial applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]