Search

The article presents a study on multivariate analysis of stripe rust assessment and reactions of barley in multi-location nurseries. The researchers evaluated 1358 hulled two-row, hulled six-row, and hulless barley in Toluca, Mexico in 2007, in Quito, Ecuador in 2007 and 2008, and Pullman and Mt. Vernon in the U.S. in 2007-2009. The results show that the two-row types of barley were more resistant than the six-row and hulless types.

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Two studies were conducted to deter- mine the effect of diets containing low-phytate barley or supplemented with phytase on P balance and excretion in grower pigs. In Exp. 1, eight 32-kg barrows were assigned to a repeated, 4 x 4 Latin square design and fed 4 diets that contained 96% barley: normal-phytate hulled barley (HB), low-phytate hulled barley (LPHB), normal-phytate hull-less barley (HLB), and low-phytate hull-less barley (LPHLB). The barley cultivars contained 0.16, 0.05, 0.24, and 0.03% phytate, respectively. Inorganic P (aP) was added to the HB and HLB diets to meet the 1998 National Research Council recommendation of available P (aP, 0.23%), whereas LPHB and LPHLB contained sufficient aP. The diets were fed at 2.5 times the maintenance requirement for ME. The apparent total tract digestibilities (ATTD) of P did not differ between the hulled and hull-less barley diets, but P retention (%) and excretion were greater in pigs fed the hull-less barley diets (P < 0.05). The ATTD of P was greater and P excretion was 35% lower in pigs fed the low-phytate compared with the normal-phytate diets (P < 0.00 1). The amount of P retained (g/d) was greater (P < 0.001) in pigs fed low-phytate barley, reflecting an ATTD of P of 65 and 49% for low-phytate and normal-phytate barley, respectively (P < 0.001). In Exp. 2, eight 21-kg barrows were assigned to a repeated, 4 x 4 Latin square design and fed 4 diets based on barley and soy- bean meal (SBM): HB-SBM, HB-SBM + iP, HB-SBM + phytase, and LPHB-SBM. The HB-SBM and HB-SBM + phytase diets were deficient in aP, whereas the HB- SBM + iP and LPHB-SBM diets had adequate aP. The feeding regimen was similar to that of Exp. 1. Adding iP to the HB-SBM diet did not affect the ATTD but increased the amount of P retained (g/d) and excreted (P < 0.00 1). The ATTD and amount of P retained (g/d) did not differ among pigs fed the HB-SBM + iF, HB- SBM + phytase, and LPHB-SBM diets. However, pigs fed the HB-SBM + phytase and LPHB-SBM diets excreted 32 and 29% less F, respectively, than pigs fed the HB-SBM + iP diet (P < 0.05), confirming that low-phytate barley is as effective as supplemental phytase in improving P digestibility and utilization and decreasing P excretion in grower pigs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Classification of test sites used for cultivar trials into groups with similar within-group site performance and response (isoyield groups) is an important step towards identification of appropriate cultivars that are best suited for different productivity levels in farm fields. The objective of this study was to determine isoyield environments in the Canadian prairies based on the analysis of cultivar trials consolidated from individual provinces for barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.). Yield data for the analysis were taken from 324 replicated trials at 84 sites across the prairies during 1995–2003. The combined use of regression and cluster analyses of the data normalized for averaging the multi-year unbalanced data led to a stratification of the 84 sites into 13 isoyield groups. A comparison was made of the distributions of the variability among and within groups according to three modes of grouping: isoyield groups, soil zones and agroecoregions. There was more variability among isoyield groups and correspondingly less within the groups than that among and within soil zones or agroecoreions. Similar contrasting pattern existed for the variance components involving genotype–environment interaction (GEI), although the GEI variability was generally small under all three modes of grouping. Relationships of site sensitivity (regression coefficient) and stability (coefficient of determination) with site productivity were shown to be a useful aid for selecting a subset of test sites in an effort to improve efficiency and quality of future cultivar testing. Thus, isoyield analysis should be a valuable tool for subsetting heterogeneous environments and for reducing GEI impact in cultivar testing and recommendation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Features on the registration of 'Manny' barley with Registered number CV-314, pi 633981. Derivation of the name 'Manny'; Physical description; Resistance to diseases.

Features the 'Ponoka' barley, a two-rowed, spring feed barley. Comparison on the height of 'Ponoka' barley with 'CDC Dolly'; Resistance to sugarcane diseases; Physical description.

The objective was to evaluate effects of grains differing in expected fermentability in the rumen on dry matter intake (DMI) and productivity of lactating dairy cows. Twenty two multiparous and 9 primiparous lactating Holsteins cows (94 ± 29 d in milk; mean ± SD) were used in a 3 x 3 Latin square design with 21 d per period. Experimental diets contained either steam-rolled barley Dillon (BD), steam-rolled barley Xena (BX), or corn mix (CM; 87.5 % dry ground corn, 11.4% beet pulp, and 1.1% urea at DM basis; to match the starch and protein concentrations of BX) at 38% of dietary DM. Starch concentration was 50.0, 58.7, and 60.4% and in vitro 6-h starch digestibility was 73.5, 78.0, and 71.0%, respectively for BD, BX, and CM. All diets were formulated for 18.1% CP and 24.7% forage NDF. The DMI (23.6 vs. 21.6 kg/d; P < 0.0001), yields of milk (40.4 vs. 37.4 kg/d; P < 0.002), milk protein (1.20 vs. 1.12 kg/d; P < 0.001) and milk lactose (1.85 vs. 1.74 kg/d; P < 0.006) were higher for cows fed CM than for cows fed barley. Cows fed BX had higher yields of milk (38.5 vs. 36.2 kg/d; P < 0.04), milk protein (1.18 vs. 1.07 kg/d; P < 0.001) and milk lactose (1.80 vs. 1.69 kg/d; P < 0.009) than cows fed BD. However, milk fat concentration tended to be higher (3.47 vs. 3.23%, P < 0.08) for cows fed BD than BX. The DMI was not different between cows fed BX and BD (21.9 vs. 21.4 kg/d; P < 0.35). Differences in body weight were observed between cows fed BX and BD (-0.53 vs. 0.16 kg/d; P < 0.001). Greater milk production for cows fed CM compared with barley treatments might be attributed to expected slower starch digestion and greater DMI for CM. However, despite expected less ruminal fermentation, cows fed BD decreased milk production compared with BX, indicating that reducing starch digestion of barley grain may not improve productivity of lactating dairy cows. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of barley and corn grains differing in expected fermentability in the rumen on dry matter intake (DMI) and productivity of lactating dairy cows. Twenty-two multiparous and 9 primiparous lactating Holstein cows (94 ± 29 d in milk; mean ± SD) were used in a 3 x 3 Latin square design with 21-d periods. Experimental diets contained approximately 40% of dietary dry matter as steam-rolled barley, using a lot of cultivar Dillon or cultivar Xena, or a corn mixture (CM) containing 87.5% dry ground corn, 11.4% beet pulp, and 1.1% urea (dry matter basis). Starch concentration of the grain sources was 50.0, 58.7, and 60.4% and in vitro 6-h starch digestibility was 73.5, 78.0, and 71.0%, respectively, for Dillon, Xena, and CM. All diets were formulated to contain 19.4% crude protein and 25.3% forage neutral detergent fiber. Dry matter intake (23.6 vs. 21.6 kg/d) and yields of milk (40.4 vs. 37.4 kg/d), milk protein (1.20 vs. 1.12 kg/d), and milk lactose (1.85 vs. 1.74 kg/d) were higher for cows fed CM than for cows fed barley. Although DMI was similar for cows fed Xena and Dillon (21.9 vs. 21.4 kg/d), cows fed Xena had higher yields of milk (38.5 vs. 36.2 kg/d), milk protein (1.18 vs. 1.07 kg/ d), and milk lactose (1.80 vs. 1.69 kg/d) than cows fed Dillon. However, milk fat concentration tended to be higher (3.47 vs. 3.23%) for cows fed Dillon than Xena. Plasma glucose and nonesterified fatty acid concentrations were not affected by treatment, but plasma insulin concentration was higher for cows fed Xena compared with those fed Dillon (8.50 vs. 5.91 µIU/mL). Greater milk production for cows fed CM can be attributed to greater DMI. Feeding barley that was lower in starch concentration and ruminal starch fermentability (Dillon) did not increase DMI compared with feeding barley that was higher in starch concentration and ruminal starch fermentability (Xena). Reducing ruminal starch degradation of barley grain may not improve the productivity of lactating dairy cows. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]