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The powder of treated watermelon seeds (WST), obtained through hexane extraction, has proven to be a promising adsorbent for the environmentally friendly and cost-effective removal of Basic Yellow 28 (BY28) using adsorption techniques. By optimizing conditions through Central Composite Design (CCD), focusing on key factors such as temperature, adsorbent weight, and dye concentration, we aimed to enhance the efficiency of the adsorption process. Our study assessed the accuracy of the model and regression coefficients through analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results revealed a strong agreement between the predicted values derived from the model and the experimental values for BY28, with a coefficient of determination (R2) equal to 0.92, indicating a high level of reliability and effectiveness of the developed model in predicting the adsorption behavior of BY28 on WST. Under optimal conditions, including a temperature of 35°C, an adsorbent weight of 2.45 g/L, and a dye concentration of 50 mg/L, the adsorption process demonstrated exceptional efficiency. This study highlights the remarkable potential of treated watermelon seeds for the removal of organic pollutants, emphasizing the importance of using sustainable and readily available agricultural materials for environmental remediation, thus contributing to both environmental conservation and cost-effectiveness in wastewater treatment processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study focuses on the potential of treated avocado seed to remove azoic organic dyes (basic yellow 28 and tartrazine). The treated avocado seed was characterized, and batch adsorption studies were carried out to evaluate the effects of several removal dye parameters (contact time, ionic strength, initial concentration, adsorbent dose, and temperature). The adsorption kinetics of the dyes examined showed that the adsorption mechanism on the two selected catalysts followed pseudo-second-order kinetics (R2 > 0.999). The adsorption process of each dye was reported to fit using five non-linear regressions. Freundlich and Temkin adsorption isotherms described well the adsorption of basic yellow 28, and Freundlich adsorption isotherms described well the adsorption of tartrazine on the Treated Avocado Seed. The results suggested that the maximum amount adsorbed was 49.30 mg/g for basic yellow 28 and 38.43 mg/g for tartrazine and a high removal rate of 89.93% for BY 28 and 93.22% for tartrazine and that a chemical, spontaneous and endothermic process of adsorption occurred. Boyd's expression demonstrated a mechanism of film diffusion for adsorption. Based on the findings, we suggest the application of activated avocado seeds for the removal of azoic dyes in aqueous solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]