6 results on '"Ibikounle, Moudachirou"'
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2. Baseline patterns of infection in regions of Benin, Malawi and India seeking to interrupt transmission of soil transmitted helminths (STH) in the DeWorm3 trial
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Gilles Cottrell, SARAVANAKUMAR KALIAPPAN, IBIKOUNLE Moudachirou, Hugo Legge, KHUMBO KALUA, Robert J. Hardwick, Rachel Pullan, Kristjana Asbjornsdottir, William Oswald, Malathi Manuel, and Katherine Halliday
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Malawi ,Trichuris ,Physiology ,Eggs ,RC955-962 ,Helminthiasis ,Force of infection ,Deworming ,Geographical Locations ,Soil ,Medical Conditions ,Reproductive Physiology ,Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine ,Epidemiology ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Prevalence ,Medicine ,Benin ,Cluster randomised controlled trial ,Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic ,Child ,Anthelmintics ,education.field_of_study ,biology ,Eukaryota ,Middle Aged ,Infectious Diseases ,Helminth Infections ,Research Design ,Mass Drug Administration ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 ,Research Article ,Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Census ,Asia ,Adolescent ,Population ,India ,Research and Analysis Methods ,Young Adult ,Helminths ,parasitic diseases ,Parasitic Diseases ,Animals ,Humans ,education ,Survey Research ,business.industry ,Ascaris ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Organisms ,Biology and Life Sciences ,biology.organism_classification ,Invertebrates ,Hookworms ,Age Groups ,Hookworm Infections ,People and Places ,Africa ,Population Groupings ,business ,Zoology ,Demography - Abstract
Global efforts to control morbidity associated with soil-transmitted helminth infections (STH) have focused largely on the targeted treatment of high-risk groups, including children and pregnant women. However, it is not clear when such programs can be discontinued and there are concerns about the sustainability of current STH control programs. The DeWorm3 project is a large multi-country community cluster randomized trial in Benin, India and Malawi designed to determine the feasibility of interrupting the transmission of STH using community-wide delivery of mass drug administration (MDA) with anthelmintics over multiple rounds. Here, we present baseline data and estimate key epidemiological parameters important in determining the likelihood of transmission interruption in the DeWorm3 trial. A baseline census was conducted in October-December 2017 in India, November-December 2017 in Malawi and in January-February 2018 in Benin. The baseline census enumerated all members of each household and collected demographic data and information on occupation, assets, and access to water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH). Each study site was divided into 40 clusters of at least 1,650 individuals per cluster. Clusters were randomized to receive twice yearly community-wide MDA with albendazole (GSK) targeting eligible individuals of all ages (20 clusters), or to receive the standard-of-care deworming program targeting children provided in each country. In each site, a randomly selected group of 150 individuals per cluster (6,000 total per site) was selected from the baseline census using stratified random sampling, and each individual provided a single stool sample for analysis of STH infection using the Kato-Katz technique. Study site, household and individual characteristics were summarized as appropriate. We estimated key epidemiological parameters including the force of infection and the degree of parasite aggregation within the population. The DeWorm3 sites range in population from 94,969 to 140,932. The population age distribution varied significantly by site, with the highest proportion of infants and young children in Malawi and the highest proportion of adults in India. The baseline age- and cluster-weighted prevalence, as measured by Kato-Katz, varied across sites and by species, Baseline hookworm prevalence in India was 21.4% (95% CI: 20.4–22.4%), while prevalence of Ascaris and Trichuris by Kato-Katz was low (0.1% and 0.3% overall). In Malawi, the overall age- and cluster-weighted STH prevalence was 7.7% (95% CI: 7.1–8.4%) predominantly driven by hookworm infections (7.4%) while Ascaris (0.1%) and Trichuris (0.3%) infections were rare. In Benin, the overall age- and cluster-weighted prevalence was significantly lower (5.6%, 95% CI: 5.1–6.2%) and Ascaris (2.0%, 95% CI: 1.6–2.3%) was more common than in other sites. Ascaris infections were more likely to be moderate- or heavy-intensity (43.7%, unweighted) compared to hookworm (5.0%). The force of infection for hookworm was highest in adults in India and Malawi but appeared relatively stable across age groups in Benin. These data demonstrate the significant variability between the sites in terms of demography, socio-economic status and environmental characteristics. In addition, the baseline prevalence and intensity data from DeWorm3 suggest that each site has unique epidemiologic characteristics that will be critical in determining correlates of achieving STH transmission interruption in the DeWorm3 trial. Trial registration: The trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03014167)., Author summary Intestinal parasitic worms, soil-transmitted helminths, are among the most common infectious organisms of humans. In many low-resource settings, these infections result in considerable morbidity, including reductions in childhood growth and development, increased risk of anemia and reductions in future educational achievement and income earning potential. The current global strategy for controlling these infections is through routine deworming of school and pre-school aged children as well as pregnant women. Since many adults and non-school going children are infected with these parasites, the current strategy does not prevent the rapid reinfection of individuals despite repeated treatment. The DeWorm3 trial is a large multi-country trial being conducted in Benin, India and Malawi to test the feasibility of using mass drug administration of deworming medications to all individuals in a community to interrupt these infections in some geographic areas. Here we present baseline data from these communities and estimate the transmission potential of these infections at each of the sites.
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- 2020
3. Assessing the feasibility of interrupting the transmission of soil-transmitted helminths through mass drug administration: The DeWorm3 cluster randomized trial protocol.
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Ásbjörnsdóttir, Kristjana Hrönn, Ajjampur, Sitara S. Rao, Anderson, Roy M., Bailey, Robin, Gardiner, Iain, Halliday, Katherine E., Ibikounle, Moudachirou, Kalua, Khumbo, Kang, Gagandeep, Littlewood, D. Timothy J., Luty, Adrian J. F., Means, Arianna Rubin, Oswald, William, Pullan, Rachel L., Sarkar, Rajiv, Schär, Fabian, Szpiro, Adam, Truscott, James E., Werkman, Marleen, and Yard, Elodie
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HELMINTHIASIS ,DRUG administration ,RANDOMIZED controlled trials ,POLYMERASE chain reaction ,DISEASE prevalence ,FEASIBILITY studies ,INFECTIOUS disease transmission - Abstract
Current control strategies for soil-transmitted helminths (STH) emphasize morbidity control through mass drug administration (MDA) targeting preschool- and school-age children, women of childbearing age and adults in certain high-risk occupations such as agricultural laborers or miners. This strategy is effective at reducing morbidity in those treated but, without massive economic development, it is unlikely it will interrupt transmission. MDA will therefore need to continue indefinitely to maintain benefit. Mathematical models suggest that transmission interruption may be achievable through MDA alone, provided that all age groups are targeted with high coverage. The DeWorm3 Project will test the feasibility of interrupting STH transmission using biannual MDA targeting all age groups. Study sites (population ≥80,000) have been identified in Benin, Malawi and India. Each site will be divided into 40 clusters, to be randomized 1:1 to three years of twice-annual community-wide MDA or standard-of-care MDA, typically annual school-based deworming. Community-wide MDA will be delivered door-to-door, while standard-of-care MDA will be delivered according to national guidelines. The primary outcome is transmission interruption of the STH species present at each site, defined as weighted cluster-level prevalence ≤2% by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), 24 months after the final round of MDA. Secondary outcomes include the endline prevalence of STH, overall and by species, and the endline prevalence of STH among children under five as an indicator of incident infections. Secondary analyses will identify cluster-level factors associated with transmission interruption. Prevalence will be assessed using qPCR of stool samples collected from a random sample of cluster residents at baseline, six months after the final round of MDA and 24 months post-MDA. A smaller number of individuals in each cluster will be followed with annual sampling to monitor trends in prevalence and reinfection throughout the trial. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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4. Schistosomiasis in Benin (West Africa): epidemiology and ecology of the host-parasite interactions
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Ibikounle, Moudachirou, Modat, Anne, Université d’Abomey-Calavi (UAC), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, Université d'Abomey-Calavi (Bénin), Hélène Moné, and Nestor G. Sakiti
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Interactions hôte-Parasite ,mollusques vecteurs ,Ecology ,Epidemiology ,[SDV.EE.IEO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Symbiosis ,écologie ,[SDV.BA.ZI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Invertebrate Zoology ,S. haematobium ,host-parasite interactions ,[SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases ,[SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie ,West Africa ,épidémiologie ,[SDV.BA.ZI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Invertebrate Zoology ,[SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases ,Benin ,Bénin ,Afrique de l'ouest ,[SDV.MP.PAR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology ,[SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie ,S. mansoni ,Vector snails ,[SDV.MP.PAR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology ,[SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Symbiosis - Abstract
This work presents an epidemiological and an ecological study of schistosomiasis in Benin.At the epidemiological level, a bibliographical summary of the state of work carried out on schistosomiasis in the area of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) was reported. In Benin, our epidemiological analyzes confirmed the existence of two species of human schistosomes: S. haematobium and S. mansoni out of the five reported in the ECOWAS region in which Benin is located (S. haematobium, S. mansoni , S. guineensis, S. bovis and S. curassoni). The general prevalence obtained for S. haematobium is 85% and that of S; mansoni is 30% with the existence of foci of mixed transmission. Malacological surveys revealed the presence in Benin of at least five species of mollus that five vectors B. forskalii, B. globosus and B. truncatus, vectors of S. haematobium, B. pfeifferi, vector of S. mansoni and I. exustus , an exotic mollusk in Benin, known as a vector of S. indicum, S. spindale and S. nasale in Southeast Asia. We report the presence of I. exustus for the first time in Benin where this mollusk seems to be, for the moment, passive in the transmission of schistosomiasis.In terms of the ecology of mollusc-parasite interactions, our study has shown that the different populations of S. haematobium are differently compatible with three of the four groups of Bulinus molluscs: the africanus group, the forskalii group and the reticulatus group while the different populations of S. mansoni are all also compatible with B. pfeifferi. The analysis of six life history traits, prepatent period, prevalence, cercarial production in the parasite and growth, reproduction and survival of molluscs was approached with five local populations of schistosomes including three populations of S. haematobium (Doh, Sô -Tchanhoué and Toho-Todougba) and two populations of S. mansoni (Kpinnou and Toho-Todougba) and revealed that while the populations of S. haematobium appear to be adapted to a local vector, this is not the case in the S. mansoni species.In terms of the ecology of vertebrate-parasite interactions, our study revealed the existence of a particular hourly cercarial emission rate, of the infradian type, both in S. haematobium and in S. mansoni. The anthropic study carried out at one of the transmission foci (Toho-Todougba) where the two species are present has made it possible to observe a perfect synergy between the cercarial chronobiology and the dynamics of activities in humans: it could be act of a strategy developed by the parasite to maintain its appointments with its natural vertebrate host., Ce travail présente une étude épidémiologique et une étude des interactions hôte-parasite sur les schistosomoses au Bénin. Au plan épidémiologique, une synthèse bibliographique de l'état des travaux réalisés sur les schistosomoses dans l'espace de la Communauté Economique des Etats de l'Afrique de l'Ouest (CEDEAO) a été menée. Au Bénin, nos analyses épidémiologiques ont permis de confirmer l'existence de deux espèces de schistosomes humains : S. haematobium et S. mansoni sur les cinq signalées dans l'espace CEDEAO dans lequel le Bénin se situe (S. haematobium, S. mansoni, S. guineensis, S. bovis et S. curassoni). La prévalence générale obtenue pour S. haematobium est de 85% et celle de S; mansoni est de 30% avec l'existence de foyers de transmission mixtes. Les prospections malacologiques ont révélé la présence au Bénin d'au moins cinq espèces de mollusques potentiellement vectrices : B. forskalii, B. globosus et B. truncatus, vectrices de S. haematobium, B. pfeifferi, vectrice de S. mansoni et I. exustus, mollusque exotique au Bénin, connu comme vecteur de S. indicum, S. spindale et S. nasale en Asie du sud-est. Nous signalons la présence de I. exustus pour la première fois au Bénin où ce mollusque semble être, pour le moment, passif dans la transmission des schistosomoses. Au plan de l'écologie des interactions mollusque-parasite, notre étude a montré que les différentes populations de S. haematobium sont différemment compatibles avec trois des quatre groupes de mollusques Bulinus : le groupe africanus, le groupe forskalii et le groupe reticulatus alors que les différentes populations de S. mansoni sont toutes également compatibles avec B. pfeifferi. L'analyse de six traits d'histoire de vie, période prépatente, prévalence, production cercarienne chez le parasite et croissance, reproduction et survie des mollusques a été abordée avec cinq populations locales de schistosomes dont trois populations de S. haematobium (Doh, Sô-Tchanhoué et Toho-Todougba) et deux populations de S. mansoni (Kpinnou et Toho-Todougba) et a révélé que si les populations de S. haematobium semblent être adaptées à un vecteur local, ce n'est pas le cas chez l'espèce S. mansoni. Au plan de l'écologie des interactions vertébré-parasite, notre étude a révélé l'existence d'un rythme d'émission cercarienne horaire particulier, de type infradien, à la fois chez S. haematobium et chez S. mansoni. L'étude anthropique réalisée au niveau d'un des foyers de transmission (Toho-Todougba) où les deux espèces sont présentes a permis de constater une parfaite synergie entre la chronobiologie cercarienne et la dynamique des activités chez l'Homme : il pourrait s'agir d'une stratégie développée par le parasite pour maintenir ses rendez-vous avec son hôte naturel vertébré.
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- 2006
5. Schistosomiasis and Soil Transmitted Helminths Distribution in Benin: A Baseline Prevalence Survey in 30 Districts.
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Boko, Pelagie M., Ibikounle, Moudachirou, Onzo-Aboki, Ablawa, Tougoue, Jean-Jacques, Sissinto, Yollande, Batcho, Wilfrid, Kinde-Gazard, Dorothe, and Kabore, Achille
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SCHISTOSOMIASIS treatment , *DISEASE prevalence , *ENDEMIC diseases , *HELMINTHS - Abstract
In 2013, Benin developed strategies to control neglected tropical diseases and one of the first step was the disease mapping of the entire country in order to identify endemic districts of schistosomiasis and soil transmitted helminths (STH). This study was carried out in 30 of the 77 districts of Benin. Of these 30 districts 22 were previously treated for Lymphatic Filariasis (LF) using the Ivermectin and Albendazole combination. In each district, five schools were selected and 50 children aged 8 to 14 years were sampled in each school, making a total of 250 children sampled in the district. The schools were selected mainly according to their proximity to lakes or any bodies of water that were likely to have been used by the children. Samples of faeces and urine were collected from each pupil. Urinary schistosomiasis was identified using the urine filtration technique while STH and intestinal schistosomiasis were identified through the Kato Katz method. Overall a total of 7500 pupils were surveyed across 150 schools with a gender ratio of 1:1. Hookworm was identified in all 30 districts with a prevalence ranging from 1.2% (95%CI: 0.0–2.5) to 60% (95%CI: 53.9–66.1). Ascaris lumbricoides was detected in 19 districts with a prevalence rate between 1% (95%CI: 0.0–2.2) and 39% (95%CI: 32.9–45.0). In addition to these common STH, Trichuris trichiura, Enterobius vermicularis and Strongyloides stercoralis were found at low prevalence. Only 16 districts were endemic to Schistosoma mansoni, while 29 districts were endemic to S. haematobium. The S. haematobium prevalence ranged from 0.8% (95% CI: 0.0–1.9) to 56% (95% CI: 50.2–62.5) while the prevalence of S. mansoni varied from 0.4% (95%CI: 0.0–1.2) to 46% (95% CI: 39.8–52.2). The 22 districts, where LF was successfully eliminated, still require mass drug administration (MDA) of albendazole indicating that school-based MDA would be needed even after LF elimination in districts co-endemic to LF and STH in Benin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2016
- Full Text
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6. Groundwater biodiversity and water quality of wells in the Southern region of Benin.
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Lagnika, Moïssou, Ibikounle, Moudachirou, Boutin, Claude, and Sakiti, et Nestor G.
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WELL water , *GROUNDWATER quality , *AQUATIC biodiversity , *CRUSTACEA , *MULTIVARIATE analysis - Abstract
This study performed in South-Eastern Benin aims to correlate the regional subterranean aquatic fauna, still poorly unknown, with the main physico-chemical characteristics of well-water used by human populations. Two kinds of descriptors are used. Physico-chemical analyses of water and faunistic sampling were consequently performed for one year at 15 stations. Multivariate analyses show different groups of stations depending on the kind of descriptor. Thus it appears that, in the Pobè region, the water quality, very variable from one station to another, is certainly not the main determinant of the well-water fauna distribution. Among the subterranean crustaceans, species belonging to genera Allocyclops and Metastenasellus have never been described before. These results are a contribution to the knowledge of the regional biodiversity and suggest that this biodiversity can be used as an indicator for better protection of regional groundwater. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2016
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