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In this work, we utilized the molecular hybridization strategy to design and synthesize novel 1,2,3-triazole benzothiazole derivatives K1-26. The antiproliferative activities against MGC-803, Kyse30 and HCT-116 cells were explored, and their structure-activity relationship were preliminarily conducted and summarized. Among them, compound K18 , exhibited the strongest proliferation inhibitory activity, with esophageal cancer cells Kyse30 and EC-109 being the most sensitive to its effects (IC 50 values were 0.042 and 0.038 μM, respectively). Compound K18 effectively inhibited tubulin polymerization (IC 50 = 0.446 μM), thereby hindering tubulin polymerize into filamentous microtubules in Kyse30 and EC-109 cells. Additionally, compound K18 induced the degradation of oncogenic protein YAP via the UPS pathway. Based on these dual molecular-level effects, compound K18 could induce G2/M phase arrest and cell apoptosis in Kyse30 and EC-109 cells, as well as regulate the expression levels of cell cycle and apoptosis-related proteins. In summary, our findings highlight a novel 1,2,3-triazole benzothiazole derivative K18 , which possesses significant potential for treating esophageal cancers. [Display omitted] • Compound K18 showed low nanomolar IC 50 values of 0.042 and 0.038 μM against Kyse30 and EC-109 cells. • Compound K18 inhibited tubulin polymerization (EC 50 = 0.445 μM). • Compound K18 induced YAP degradation. • Compound K18 induced the G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis in Kyse30 and EC-109 cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On the basis and continuation of our previous studies on anti-tubulin and anti-gastric cancer agents, novel tertiary amide derivatives incorporating benzothiazole moiety were synthesized and the antiproliferative activity was studied in vitro. Preliminary structure activity relationships (SARs) were explored according to the in vitro antiproliferative activity results. Some of compounds could significantly inhibit the proliferation of three cancer cells (HCT-116, MGC-803 and PC-3 cells) and compound F10 exhibited excellent antiproliferative activity against HCT-116 cells (IC 50 = 0.182 μM), MGC-803 cells (IC 50 = 0.035 μM), PC-3 cells(IC 50 = 2.11 μM) and SGC-7901 cells (IC 50 = 0.049 μM). Compound F10 effectively inhibited tubulin polymerization (IC 50 = 1.9 μM) and bound to colchicine binding site of tubulin. Molecular docking results suggested compound F10 could bind tightly into the colchicine binding site of β-tubulin. Moreover, compound F10 could regulate the Hippo/YAP signaling pathway. Compound F10 activated Hippo signaling pathway from its very beginning MST1/2, as the result of Hippo cascade activation YAP were inhibited. And then it led to a decrease of c-Myc and Bcl-2 expression. Further molecular experiments showed that compound F10 arrested at G2/M phase, inhibited cell colony formatting and induced extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis in MGC-803 and SGC-7901 cells. Collectively, compound F10 was the first to be reported as a new anticancer agent in vitro via inhibiting tubulin polymerization and activating the Hippo signaling pathway. Image 1 • Novel tertiary amide derivatives containing benzothiazole moiety were designed and prepared. • Compound F10 displayed excellent antiproliferative activity against gastric cancer cell lines. • Compound F10 acted as a novel colchicine site tubulin polymerization inhibitor with an IC 50 value of 1.9 μM. • Compound F10 activated Hippo signaling pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]