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This open access book presents outstanding doctoral dissertations in Information Technology from the Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Italy. Information Technology has always been highly interdisciplinary, as many aspects have to be considered in IT systems. The doctoral studies program in IT at Politecnico di Milano emphasizes this interdisciplinary nature, which is becoming more and more important in recent technological advances, in collaborative projects, and in the education of young researchers. Accordingly, the focus of advanced research is on pursuing a rigorous approach to specific research topics starting from a broad background in various areas of Information Technology, especially Computer Science and Engineering, Electronics, Systems and Control, and Telecommunications. Each year, more than 50 PhDs graduate from the program. This book gathers the outcomes of the best theses defended in 2021-22 and selected for the IT PhD Award. Each of the authors provides a chapter summarizing his/her findings, including an introduction, description of methods, main achievements and future work on the topic. Hence, the book provides a cutting-edge overview of the latest research trends in Information Technology at Politecnico di Milano, presented in an easy-to-read format that will also appeal to non-specialists.

This open access book presents thirteen outstanding doctoral dissertations in Information Technology from the Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Italy. Information Technology has always been highly interdisciplinary, as many aspects have to be considered in IT systems. The doctoral studies program in IT at Politecnico di Milano emphasizes this interdisciplinary nature, which is becoming more and more important in recent technological advances, in collaborative projects, and in the education of young researchers. Accordingly, the focus of advanced research is on pursuing a rigorous approach to specific research topics starting from a broad background in various areas of Information Technology, especially Computer Science and Engineering, Electronics, Systems and Control, and Telecommunications. Each year, more than 50 PhDs graduate from the program. This book gathers the outcomes of the thirteen best theses defended in 2020-21 and selected for the IT PhD Award. Each of the authors provides a chapter summarizing his/her findings, including an introduction, description of methods, main achievements and future work on the topic. Hence, the book provides a cutting-edge overview of the latest research trends in Information Technology at Politecnico di Milano, presented in an easy-to-read format that will also appeal to non-specialists.

In this concise yet comprehensive Open Access textbook, future inventors are introduced to the key concepts of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS). Using modeling as a way to develop deeper understanding of the computational and physical components of these systems, one can express new designs in a way that facilitates their simulation, visualization, and analysis. Concepts are introduced in a cross-disciplinary way. Leveraging hybrid (continuous/discrete) systems as a unifying framework and Acumen as a modeling environment, the book bridges the conceptual gap in modeling skills needed for physical systems on the one hand and computational systems on the other. In doing so, the book gives the reader the modeling and design skills they need to build smart, IT-enabled products. Starting with a look at various examples and characteristics of Cyber-Physical Systems, the book progresses to explain how the area brings together several previously distinct ones such as Embedded Systems, Control Theory, and Mechatronics. Featuring a simulation-based project that focuses on a robotics problem (how to design a robot that can play ping-pong) as a useful example of a CPS domain, Cyber-Physical Systems: A Model-Based Approach demonstrates the intimate coupling between cyber and physical components, and how designing robots reveals several non-trivial control problems, significant embedded and real-time computation requirements, and a need to consider issues of communication and preconceptions.

This open access proceedings presents new approaches to Machine Learning for Cyber Physical Systems, experiences and visions. It contains selected papers from the fifth international Conference ML4CPS – Machine Learning for Cyber Physical Systems, which was held in Berlin, March 12-13, 2020. Cyber Physical Systems are characterized by their ability to adapt and to learn: They analyze their environment and, based on observations, they learn patterns, correlations and predictive models. Typical applications are condition monitoring, predictive maintenance, image processing and diagnosis. Machine Learning is the key technology for these developments.

Ein Alleinstellungsmerkmal dieses Open-Access-Lehrbuchs ist die umfassende Einführung in das Grundlagenwissen über eingebettete Systeme mit Anwendungen in cyber-physischen Systemen und dem Internet der Dinge. Es beginnt mit einer Einführung in das Gebiet und eine Übersicht über Spezifikationsmodelle und -sprachen für eingebettete und cyber-physikalische Systeme. Es gibt einen kurzen Überblick über die für solche Systeme verwendeten Hardware-Geräte und stellt die Grundlagen der Systemsoftware für eingebettete Systeme vor, einschließlich Echtzeit-Betriebssystemen. Der Autor erörtert auch Evaluierungs- und Validierungstechniken für eingebettete Systeme und gibt einen Überblick über Techniken zur Abbildung von Anwendungen auf Ausführungsplattformen, inklusive Multi-Core-Plattformen. Eingebettete Systeme müssen unter engen Randbedingungen arbeiten, daher enthält das Buch auch einen ausgewählten Satz von Optimierungstechniken, mit einem Schwerpunkt bei Software-Optimierungstechniken. Das Buch schließt mit einer kurzen Übersicht über das Testen. Die vierte Auflage wurde aktualisiert und überarbeitet, um neue Trends und Technologien zu berücksichtigen, wie z. B. die Bedeutung von cyber-physischen Systemen (CPS) und dem Internet der Dinge (IoT), die Entwicklung von Single-Core-Prozessoren hin zu Multi-Core-Prozessoren und die zunehmende Bedeutung von Energieeffizienz und thermischen Fragen. ; Informationsverarbeitende Systeme werden immer kleiner und zunehmend in komplexe Produkte eingebettet – daher der Name "eingebettete Systeme". Es wird erwartet, dass ihre wirtschaftliche Bedeutung diejenige von traditionellen informationsverarbeitenden Systemen wie PCs und Großrechnern deutlich übersteigen wird. Dieses Buch betrachtet gemeinsame Eigenschaften solcher Systeme wie Verlässlichkeit, Effizienz, Echtzeitanforderungen sowie anwendungsspezifische Benutzerschnittstellen. Neben Spezifikationssprachen werden Hard- und Software eingebetteter Systeme sowie Echtzeitbetriebssysteme und Scheduling betrachtet. Zur Implementierung eingebetteter Systeme wird Hardware-/Software-Codesign verwendet. Das Buch schließt mit einem Überblick über Validierungstechniken. Dieses Buch eignet sich als Begleitbuch zu einem Kurs über eingebettete Systeme, ist aber auch eine Informationsquelle für Doktoranden und Lehrende. Grundwissen über Hard- und Software in der Informationsverarbeitung wird vorausgesetzt. ; Die wirtschaftliche Bedeutung eingebetteter Systeme wird diejenige traditioneller Systeme voraussichtlich deutlich übersteigen. Neben gemeinsamen Eigenschaften wie Verlässlichkeit, Effizienz, Echtzeitanforderungen und anwendungsspezifische Benutzerschnittstellen werden auch Spezifikationssprachen, Hard- und Software eingebetteter Systeme sowie Echtzeitbetriebssysteme und Scheduling betrachtet. Zur Implementierung wird Hardware-/Software-Codesign verwendet. Das Buch schließt mit einem Überblick über Validierungstechniken. Es eignet sich als Begleitbuch zu einem Kurs über eingebettete Systeme, ist aber auch eine Informationsquelle für Doktoranden und Lehrende.

Antenne Integrate Attive (“Active Patch Antennas”) represents the first issue of the series «Quaderni del Dottorato di Ricerca in Ingegneria dell’Informazione» ("Issues of the PhD course in Information Engineering”) of the University of Florence, used as a didactic support to the PhD course bearing the same name. Active patch antennas, object of the publication and introduced as the enabling technology for high performance multifunctional front-ends for radar and communication systems, are currently also being used for Personal Area Networks (PAN) and for Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC), at a low cost and power. In the arrays for space applications, where reliability is a key aspect, the approach to distributed active elements allows the improvement of the entire system’s defect tolerance. The issue is organized into six chapters. The first three chapters present the basic concepts related to radio links, the definition of the used parameters and their involvement in the constitutive relationships. In the fourth and fifth chapters, the design methods of the main antenna configurations are discussed, and some examples of application are provided. Finally, chapter six reviews the analysis methods used in modern software for electromagnetic and microwave circuit simulation.

Despite recent dramatic advances in computer security regarding the proliferation of services and applications, security threats are still major impediments in the deployment of these services. Paying serious attention to these issues, Security in Distributed, Grid, Mobile, and Pervasive Computing focuses on the increasing demand to guarantee privacy, integrity, and availability of resources in networks and distributed systems. A rich and useful presentation of strategies for security issues, the book covers each computing area in separate sections. It first reviews security issues and challenges in content distribution networks, describes key agreement protocols based on the Diffie-Hellman key exchange and key management protocols for complex distributed systems like the Internet, and discusses securing design patterns for distributed systems. The next section focuses on security in mobile computing and wireless networks, covering wireless authentication methods, secure data aggregation, and anonymous routing protocol. After a section on grid computing security, the book presents an overview of security solutions for pervasive healthcare systems and surveys wireless sensor network security. With more and more vital information stored on computers, security professionals need to know how to combat threats and complications. Offering strategies to tackle these issues, this book provides essential security information for researchers, practitioners, educators, and graduate students in the field.

This book addresses the increasing demand to guarantee privacy, integrity, and availability of resources in networks and distributed systems. It first reviews security issues and challenges in content distribution networks, describes key agreement protocols based on the Diffie-Hellman key exchange and key management protocols for complex distributed systems like the Internet, and discusses securing design patterns for distributed systems. The next section focuses on security in mobile computing and wireless networks. After a section on grid computing security, the book presents an overview of security solutions for pervasive healthcare systems and surveys wireless sensor network security.