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Broccoli by-products from frozen-food industry account for 45% of the initial broccoli heads. They consist on stalks, inflorescences, and leaves, blanched and non-blanched, sharing the nutritional value and bioactive compounds of commercial broccoli heads. However, their high perishability prevents further valorisation. Therefore, in this study microwave hydrodiffusion and gravity (MHG) technology was used to dehydrate broccoli by-products and simultaneously recover the water-soluble diffused compounds for food ingredients use. The hydrodiffusion allowed to obtain a dried material with 12% moisture in 43 min when 550 g of broccoli by-products were used, preserving polysaccharides and proteins. Diffused water contained up to 317 µg/mL gallic acid equivalents of phenolic compounds, 11 mg/mL free sugars, 9 mg/mL amino acids, and 356 µg/mL glucosinolates, depending on the type of by-product used. These results show the potential of MHG technology for valorisation of broccoli by-products by its simultaneous stabilization by dehydration and extraction of bioactive compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lamium album L. is an edible plant which is consumed raw or cooked, in particular in the Mediterranean and surrounding areas. It is also consumed as tea infusions and as a main component of food supplements, because of its pharmacological effects. Despite being consumed by humans for centuries, the chemical composition of L. album L. is far from being understood. In this study, a purified ethanolic extract (PEEL) was prepared and further analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography and electrospray mass spectrometry. Overall, verbascoside accounted for approximately half of the phenolic content of the extract, but this also contained other bioactive phenolic compounds herein detected for the first time in the genus, namely isoscutellarein derivatives. The latter included isoscutellarein-7- O -allosyl(1 → 2)glucoside, its O -methyl derivative, three acetyl derivatives of isoscutellarein- O -allosyl glucoside and one acetylated form of O -methylisoscutellarein-7- O -allosyl(1 → 2)glucoside. From those, the main isoscutellarein derivative was assigned to isoscutellarein-7- O -(6- O -acetyl-β-allosyl)(1 → 2)-β-glucoside, as confirmed by NMR. Altogether, isoscutellarein derivatives accounted for almost 30% of PEEL phenolics. Since verbascoside and isoscutellarein derivatives are main components of L. album L. ethanolic extract, their possible association to the health benefits of the plant is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]