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Poly(lactide-co-glycolide)/bone meals composites using poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and bone meals (BM) as the starting materials were successfully prepared via solution dispersion method. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and BET were used to characterize the resulting PLGA and bone meals. The mechanical properties of composites were carried out by the three-point-bending test, and the micrographs of cross-section of composites were observed using SEM. The results indicate that both the bending strength and modulus of PLGA/BM composites increased with bone meals increasing up to 10 wt%, then decreased with bone meals content, indicating that the fracture feature of PLGA/BM composites changed from typical brittle to ductile fracture when the bone meals content changed from 0 to 10 wt% and from ductile to brittle facture while bone meals content ranging from 10 to 20 wt%. It was further confirmed by SEM images of composites. The biocompatibility results show that result...

HA/PLGA composites with and without APS-modification were successfully prepared via solution dispersion method. The mechanical test of composites was performed by the three-point-bending test and the micrographs of materials were observed using SEM. The results indicate that by surface modification, uniform HA particles without agglomeration were obtained. Furthermore, the bending strengths and moduli of APS-HA/PLGA composites are higher than those of unmodified composites, which both first increased and then significantly decreased with increasing the HA content. The biocompatibility results show that modified HA/PLGA composite are more favorable biomaterials for cell adhesion, differentiation and proliferation than unmodified composites.

Composite biomaterial composed of poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) and hydroxyapatite (HA) was obtained by using the combination of solvent evaporation technique and hot pressing. HA particles in the PLLA matrix were homogeneously dispersed. A typical morphology of brittle failure with a smooth fracture surface was observed. The addition of HA particles changed significantly the appearance of the impact fracture surface to a pattern of multiple cracks. With the increasing of the amount of the HA, the bending strength of composite decreases while the bending modulus increases. The PLLA/HA composite exhibits improved cell compatibility due to the good biocompatibility of the HA particles.

Bioactive and bioresorbable composite was fabricated based on poly-L-lactide (PLLA) and bioactive glass (average particle size: 4.24 µm) by the combination of solvent evaporation technique and hot pressing. Bioactive glass granules are distributed homogeneously in the composite. With the increasing of the amount of bioactive glass, the bending strength and shearing strength of composite decrease while the bending modulus increases. PLLA/bioactive glass composites present a typical morphology of brittle failure with a smooth fracture surface. The biocompatibility test shows that the bioactive glass existing in the composite facilitates both adhesion and proliferation of rat fibroblast on the PLLA/bioactive glass composite film.

The biocompatibility evaluation of calcium phosphate based biomaterials is performed by tissue culture in vitro model. Three kinds of bioceramic materials which are potential to deal with bone trauma and/or conduct tissue growth are recommodated. The biological research results show that human and animal osteoblast cells anchor the materials surface in two hours in culture. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) demonstrated the normal cell distribution and proliferation on both of dense and porous biomaterials. Hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate stimulate cell proliferation. However, DNA and protein synthesis were considerably limited and the apoptosis phenomenon would be present on the hydroxyapatite (HA) materials by adding Al, Mg elements. Several important methods of biocompatibility evaluation of implant materials are described and the related biological molecular techniques such as tissue culture, cell transfection, cellular DNA stain, and Lowry assay are involved in the present research.