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Key to species of Nandithrips (* based on description) 1. Body golden yellow with head dark; antennal segments I–IV pale yellow, postocular setae pair I subequal to pair III; pronotum weakly sculptured with transverse striae; abdominal sternites II and V–VII each with a circular or oval pore plate in males [India, Urticaceae]............................................................................ pouzolziae * -. Body clearly bicolored, with head, thorax and part of abdominal tergites brown (Fig. 1); antennal segment I brown, II–III yellow (Fig. 7); postocular setae I the longest and much longer than III; pronotum smooth (Fig. 3); abdominal sternites II, IV/V–VII with pore plate in males (Figs 4–5) [China, Urticaceae]...................................... niveae sp.n., Published as part of Li, Yajin, Tong, Xiaoli & Zhang, Hongrui, 2023, The genus Nandithrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), with a new species from Southern China, pp. 395-400 in Zootaxa 5277 (2) on page 396, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5277.2.10, http://zenodo.org/record/7889621

Nandithrips niveae sp. n. (Figs 1–10) Female. Macropterous. With the characters in the generic definition. Body length about 1.2mm. Body bicolored (Fig. 1); legs brown with tibiae and tarsi yellow; Head and thorax brown, abdominal tergites I–II brown, III brown with posterior part yellow, IV–VII yellow (VII sometimes with a brown patch in middle), VIII–IX light brown; antennal segment I brown, II–III yellow, IV–VIII brown with the base of IV slightly yellow (Fig. 7); fore wing pale, with one shaded cross bands medially, clavus brown with apex pale (Fig. 6). Body setae clear in color. Head wider than long, with transverse striate sculpture dorsally on posterior fourth; ocellar setae I and II absent, setae III situated near the outside margins of ocellar triangle; 5–6 pairs of postocular setae arranged parallel to compound eyes, setae I the longest and situated just behind posterior ocelli (Fig. 3); mouth cone pointed, maxillary palps 3-segmented (Fig. 8). Compound eyes with 4 pigmented facets ventrally. Antennae 8-segmented, segment I without dorso-apical setae, III and IV with sense cone forked, VIII slightly longer than VII (Fig. 7). Pronotum wider than long, surface smooth, with about 40 discal setae, four pairs of posteromaginal setae; two pairs of long posteroangular setae, inner pair longer than outer pair (Fig. 3). Prosternal ferna undivided, probasisternum without setae. Mesonotum transverse, median setae in front of posterior margin and submedian setae close to or at posterior margin, CPS present anteromedially. Metanotum reticulate but longitudinally striate laterally; median setae situated at anterior margin, CPS present (Fig. 3). Mesosternal furca with spinula, metasternal without furca (Fig. 8). Fore wing first vein with 6–7 basal setae and 3 distal setae, second vein with 9 scattered setae; anterior fringe cilia longer than costal setae; clavus with 4–5 veinal setae and 1 discal seta; posteromarginal cilia wavy (Fig. 6). Tarsi 2-segmented, hind tibiae each with two stout spines at apex. Abdominal tergites smooth, with a few striae laterally, posteromarginal craspeda and ctenidia absent; tergite VIII with posteromarginal comb but absent medially; tergite IX with two pairs CPS; tergite X with median split almost complete (Fig. 9); sternite II with 2 pairs of posteromarginal setae, III–VII with 3 pairs, VII with all posteromarginal setae in front of posterior margin; sternites with no discal setae. Measurements (holotype female in microns): Body length 1205. Head, length 65; width 129; ocellar setae III length 18. Pronotum, length 124, width 190; posteroangular setae length, inner 59, outer 40; posteromarginal setae I length 38. Metascutum median setae length 40. Fore wing length 635. Antennal segments III to VIII length as follows: 43, 44, 35, 45, 6, 9. Male. Body length about 1.0 mm. Similar to female (Fig. 2). Body color lighter brown than female (Fig. 2). Abdominal tergite VIII posteromarginal comb absent medially, IX with two pairs of short setae medially, the anterior pair shorter than posterior pair, one pair of CPS present (Fig. 10). Sternite II with an oval pore plate, IV/V–VII each with a wide, broadly transverse pore plate (Figs 4–5). Measurements (paratype male in microns): Body length 1058. Head, length 78, width 107; ocellar setae III length 10. Pronotum, length 106, width 140; posteroangular setae length, inner 47, outer 36; posteromarginal setae I length 30. Metascutum median setae length 28. Fore wing length 557. Antennal segments III to VIII length as follows: 38, 41, 28, 34, 6, 8. Specimens examined. Holotype: female, CHINA, Guizhou Province, Danzhai County, Maobiling Forest Park, from Boehmeria nivea flowers (Figs 11–12) [Urticaceae], 23.viii.2016 (Xueqiang Yan), in collection of Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming (YNAU). Paratypes: 6 females, 6 males collected with holotype; Guizhou Province, Xingyi City, Wanfengling Forest Park, 4 females, 1.ix.2016, from Boehmeria sp.; Yunnan Province, Baoshan City, Gaoligong Mountain Nature Reserve, 5 females, 9 males, 14. vi. 2015, from Boehmeria sp. (with more than 50 individuals preserved in alcohol) (YNAU). Hunan Province, Yanling National Forest Park, 1 female, 1 male collected from Boehmeria sp., 25.viii.2015 (Zhaohong Wang); 1 female, 1 male same data as holotype (ANIC). Etymology. The species is named after the host plant. Discussion. Nandithrips genus is remarkable among Thripinae, with the posteromarginal comb absent medially on abdominal tergite VIII in females, sternite II of male with an oval pore plate, and ocellar setae II absent. The length of microtrichia and the width of the median tergal area without microtrichia vary, sometimes microtrichia are long and fine with the median lacking area narrow, as in Nandithrips, Pandorathrips, Lomatothrips and Paroxythriops (Mound 2006, Masumoto & Okajima 2017). In other genera the microtrichia are short and the median lacking area is broad, such as Megalurothrips, Tenothrips and some Thrips species (Mound & Palmer 1981, Mirab-balou et al. 2012, Masumoto & Okajima 2013). Tergite VIII of Nandithrips species, with the comb of long slender teeth interrupt medially in both sexes, is similar to that of the Australian genus Pandorathrips. However, Pandorathrips has the abdominal segments with a craspedum and the S2 setae much closer to S1 setae, indicating that it is unrelated to Nandithrips (Mound & Masumoto 2009). Mound (2009) discussed nine distribution arrangements of the pore plates among male Thripinae. These structures are usually found on sternites III–VI, sometimes on sternites VII and VIII, but rarely reported on sternite II. The record of a pore plate on sternite II in males of Paraleucothrips Johansen remains questionable because of the poor quality of the available slide-mounted specimens (Mound, pers. comm.). Another record of pore plate on sternite II was in males of Yoshinothrips, with 20-28 scattered pore plates. Nandithrips with one oval pore plate on abdominal sternite II in males is possibly unique among Thripinae. Rachana et al. (2023) indicated that the lack of ocellar setae pair II in this genus is similar to Bournierothrips Bhatti, but the genus is not related to Thrips genus-group, because of the absence of ctenidia on the abdominal tergites. Mound & Palmer(1981) discussed some characters to assess phylogenetic relationships between some genera of Thripidae, and indicated that ocellar setae II was remarkably constant both in size and position. Otherwise, the genus Adelphithrips from New Zealand was described as lacking ctenidia and discussed as a sister-group of Thrips genus-group because of this absence was plesiotypic. The following characters in Nandithrips indicate that this genus may be related to Thrips genus-group and Taeniothrips genus-group: antennae 8-segmented, ocellar setae I absent, mesosternal furca with spinula, metasternal without furca, metanotal media setae at anterior margin, fore wing first vein setal row widely interrupted, tergal posteromarginal craspeda and ctenidia absent, sternal discal setae absent.The relationships of these genera need to be examined further using molecular data. This new species is readily distinguished from the type species in the above key. The host plant is cultivated widely in China and is distributed mainly in South China, but also in Gansu, Henan, and Shaanxi Provinces. The history of cultivation of Boehmeria nivea in China can be traced back at least 3000 years. It is an important fibre plant and a traditional Chinese medicine, the young leaves of Boehmeria are also used as fodder for silkworms (Chen et al. 2003). A large number of adults of this thrips species were collected from the medicinal plant Boehmeria sp, but without any larvae being collected. The host plant of this new species is a member of the same botanical family as the type species, and the biology of Nandithrips species is not yet certain.

Mycterothrips cangshanensis sp. n. (Figs 10–17) Female macroptera. Body brown (Fig. 10); antennae brown with the base and apex of segment III pale (Fig. 15); all legs brown with tarsus yellowish brown; fore wings brown except base pale, clavus brown with apex yellow (Fig. 16); body setae strong and dark brown. Head wider than long, slightly rounded at cheeks; ocellar setae I present, setae III situated between posterior ocelli, postocular setae I the longest (Fig. 12). Antennae 8-segmented, segment I with two dorsal apical median setae, II with microtrichial rows and a mid-dorsal seta below CPS on dorsal surface, segments III and IV with sense cone forked and tapering in distal neck-like third (Fig. 15). Pronotum wider than long, dorsal surface smooth; two pairs of posteromarginal setae, setae I slightly longer; two pairs of posteroangular setae, setae I subequal to setae II. Mesonotum with CPS anteromedially; median pair of setae near posterior margin. Metanotum with reticulate striations, but with irregular longitudinal striations laterally, median pair of setae situated at anterior margin, CPS absent (Fig. 12). Fore wing first vein with seven setae at base and two near apex, second vein with setal row complete; posterior fringe cilia slightly wavy; clavus with 5 marginal setae and one discal seta (Fig. 16). Abdominal tergites without ciliate microtrichia on lines of sculpture, smooth medially, but posterior margin of laterotergites often partly irregularly dentate; tergite II with 3 lateral marginal setae, tergites VI–VIII with S4 setae minute; tergite VIII with complete posteromarginal comb (Fig. 13); tergite IX with both anterior and posterior pairs of CPS; tergite X with longitudinally split in distal 1/3; sternites without discal setae; median pair of setae on sternite VII situated in front of posterior margin. Measurements (holotype female in microns). Body length 1477. Head, length 98; width across eyes 161. Ocellar setae III length 68. Pronotum, length 137; maximum width 196; posteroangular setae length, inner 66, outer 66. Metanotum median setae length 52. Fore wing length 960. Antennal segments III–VIII length 62, 54, 32, 37, 10, 16. Male macroptera. Body paler and smaller than female (Fig. 11); antennae 8-segmented, segment VI with microtrichia on dorsal and ventral surfaces, almost as long as that female; abdominal tergite VIII with complete posteromarginal comb; tergite IX with one pair of CPS, SB1 setae vestigial (Fig. 14); sternite without discal seta; hypomere expanded at apex (Fig. 17). Measurements (paratype male in microns). Body length 1115. Head, length 95; width across eyes 137. Ocellar setae III length 45. Pronotum, length 102; maximum width 161; posteroangular setae length, inner 55, outer 55. Metanotum median setae length 34. Fore wing length 716. Antennal segments III–VIII length 55, 52, 30, 38, 8, 16. Specimens examined. Holotype female: CHINA, Yunnan Province, Dali City, Cangshan Mountain, from Parthenocissus quinquefolia, 15.vii.2018 (Hui Liu), in collection of Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming. Paratypes: 6 females, 2 males, collected with holotype. Etymology. The new species is named after collected place. Comments. This new species is similar to to M. weii from Iran, with ocellar setae I present, mesonotum with CPS anteromedially, abdominal tergites without ciliate microtrichia on lines of sculpture and tergite II with 3 lateral marginal setae (Mirab-Balou et al. 2011), but this new species has the body brown, ocellar setae III situated between the posterior ocelli, posterior margin of abdominal laterotergites often partly irregularly dentate and SB1 setae degenerate on tergite IX of male.

Mycterothrips grandis Masumoto & Okajima, 2006 (Figs 25–31) Previously known only from females taken in Japan, this species is here newly recorded from China and the male is described for the first time. Male macroptera. Body smaller than female (Figs 25–26); head and thorax brown (Figs 26, 29); antennal segment VI much longer than that of female, about 1.4 times as long as combined length of segments I–V, with long setae and without microtrichia (Figs 27–28); abdominal tergite VIII with complete posteromarginal comb; IX with one pair of CPS and SB1vestigial (Fig. 30); abdominal sternites without discal setae; hypomere expanded at apex (Fig. 30). Measurements (male in microns). Body length 1481. Head, length 104; width across eyes 177. Ocellar setae III length 57. Pronotum, length 127; maximum width 175; posteroangular setae length, inner 60, outer 54. Metanotum median setae length 29. Fore wing length 860. Antennal segments I–VIII length 28, 40, 36, 35, 18, 197, 7, 8. Specimens studied. CHINA, Guangxi Province, Guilin botanical garden, 2 females and 1 male from Brassica napus, 17.iii.2009 (Yonghui Xie). Comments. This is an unusual species in that antenna segment II lacks any mid-dorsal seta below CPS and ocellar setae pair I absent. The species may belong to the consociatus -group according to Masumoto and Okajima (2006).

Mycterothrips hani sp.n. (Figs 36–42) Female macroptera. Body yellow to brown (Fig. 36); head and thorax yellow with brown lateral margins, mesonotum shaded at anterior margin; abdominal segments I & IX–X yellow, II–VIII brown with posterior margin of 1/3 yellow (Fig. 38); antennal segments I–II brown, the base and apex of segments III–IV yellow, and extreme base of V slightly paler, VI brown, VII–VIII light brown (Fig. 42); all legs yellowish brown, fore wings pale, sometimes with small brown patch on the sub-base and apex of clavus (Fig. 41); prominent body setae yellow. Head wider than long, slightly rounded at cheeks; ocellar setae I present, setae III situated near anterior margin of posterior ocelli, postocular setae I behind posterior ocelli (Fig. 38). Antennae 8-segmented, segment I with two dorsal apical median setae, II with 3 microtrichial rows on dorsal surface and a mid-dorsal seta below CPS on dorsal surface, III and IV widest at middle and tapering in distal neck-like third, III–VI with some rows of microtrichia on dorsal and ventral surfaces, VIII slightly longer than VII (Fig. 42). Pronotum wider than long, smooth medially, weakly sculptured with transverse striations on anterior and posterior part, with about 30 discal setae; two pairs of posteromarginal setae, setae I longer than setae II; inner posteroangular setae subequal to outer one (Fig. 38). Mesonotum with CPS anteromedially; median pair of setae situated near or on posterior margin. Metanotum with weak reticulations, but with longitudinal striations laterally, median pair of setae situated at anterior margin, CPS absent (Fig. 38). Fore wing first vein with seven setae at base and two near apex, second vein with setal row complete; posterior fringe cilia slightly wavy; clavus with 5 marginal setae and one discal seta (Fig. 41). Abdominal tergites and laterotergites without ciliate microtrichia; tergite II with 3 lateral marginal setae; tergites VI–VIII with S4 setae minute; tergite IX with both anterior and posterior pairs of CPS; tergite X split longitudinally in distal half (Fig. 39); sternites without discal setae; sternite VII with median pair of setae situated in front of posterior margin. Measurements (holotype female in microns). Body length 1379. Head, length 125; width across eyes 156. Ocellar setae III length 53. Pronotum, length 123; maximum width 193; posteroangular setae length, inner 60, outer 58. Metanotum median setae length 37. Fore wing length 754. Antennal segments III–VIII length 48, 55, 38, 48, 12, 18. Male macroptera. Body paler and smaller than female (Fig. 37); antennae 8-segmented, segment VI almost as long as that of female, with microtrichia on dorsal and ventral surfaces; abdominal tergite VIII with complete posteromarginal comb; IX with one pair of CPS and SB1vestigial (Fig. 40); abdominal sternites without discal setae; hypomere not expanded at apex. Measurements (paratype male in microns). Body length 1128. Head, length 92; width across eyes 133. Ocellar setae III length 42. Pronotum, length 97; maximum width 152; posteroangular setae length, inner 48, outer 42. Metanotum median setae length 35. Fore wing length 634. Antennal segments III–VIII length 47, 49, 34, 46, 10, 16. Specimens examined. Holotype female: CHINA, Chongqing City, Xiushan County, Fenghuangshan Forest Park, from Hemiboea subcapitata, 7.viii.2017 (Yajin Li), in collection of Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming. Paratypes: 2 females, 2 males, collected with holotype; 5 females, 2 males from Oplismenus compositus, 7.viii.2017, same locality and collector. Etymology. In honor of Mr. Yunfa Han for his excellent work on thrips taxonomy in China. Comments. This species is similar to M. weii, but has antennal segments I–II brown, and the male with SB1 on tergite IX vestigial. In addition, the yellow head with brown lateral margins is unusual among Mycterothrips members., Published as part of Li, Yajin & Zhang, Hongrui, 2022, Five new species and two new records of Mycterothrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) from Southern China, pp. 544-566 in Zootaxa 5214 (4) on pages 544-566, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5214.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/7397755

Mycterothrips photiniae sp.n. (Figs 6–9) Female macroptera. Body brown (Fig. 8), all legs brown except tibia apex and tarsus yellowish brown; antennae brown with apex of segment III yellow (Fig. 6); fore wings brown except base pale, clavus brown with apex yellow. Head wider than long, slightly rounded at cheeks; ocellar setae I absent, setae III situated near anterior margin of posterior ocelli; five or six pairs of postocular setae (Fig. 7). Antennae 8-segmented, segment I with two dorsal apical median setae, II with 3 microtrichial rows on dorsal surface, III–VI with some rows of microtrichia on dorsal and ventral surfaces, VIII slightly longer than VII (Fig. 6). Pronotum wider than long, weakly sculptured with transverse striations, but smooth medially; one or two pairs of posteromarginal setae; two pairs of posteroangular setae, inner setae shorter than outer one. Mesonotum with CPS anteromedially; median pair of setae near posterior margin. Metanotum reticulate striate, but with irregular longitudinal striations laterally, CPS absent (Fig. 7). Fore wing first vein with seven setae at base and two near apex, second vein with setal row complete; posterior fringe cilia slightly wavy; clavus with 5 marginal setae and one discal seta. Abdominal tergites II–VIII without ciliate microtrichia on lines of sculpture, but often with a few large irregular microtrichia on sculpture lines at least on segment VIII; tergite II with 3 lateral marginal setae, tergites VI–VIII with S4 setae minute; tergite IX with posterior pair of CPS; tergite X split longitudinally in distal 1/4 (Fig. 9); sternites without discal setae; VII with median pair of setae situated in front of posterior margin. Measurements (holotype female in microns). Body length 1454. Head, length 100; width across eyes 154. Ocellar setae III length 42. Pronotum, length 125; maximum width 189; posteroangular setae length, inner 58, outer 68. Metanotum median setae length 54. Fore wing length 932. Antennal segments III–VIII length 59, 50, 38, 45, 10, 19. Male. Unknown. Specimens examined. Holotype female: CHINA, Yunnan Province, Shilin County, Long Lake, from Photinia serratifolia, 15.iii.2017 (Yajin Li), in collection of Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming. Paratypes: 4 females, collected with holotype; 4 females, from Pinus sp., collected on the same locality. Etymology. In reference to the host plant of this species. Comments. This species runs to grandis in the key to world species of Mycterothrips, but this new species has the body brown, mesonotum with anteromedian CPS and abdominal tergite II with 3 lateral marginal setae., Published as part of Li, Yajin & Zhang, Hongrui, 2022, Five new species and two new records of Mycterothrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) from Southern China, pp. 544-566 in Zootaxa 5214 (4) on pages 544-566, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5214.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/7397755

Key to species of Mycterothrips (female) from China (* indicates species placed in the key from descriptions) 1. Ocellar setae I absent (Fig. 7)........................................................................... 2 -. Ocellar setae I present (Figs 12, 19, 38)................................................................... 3 2. Antennal segment II with a mid-dorsal seta present below CPS (Fig. 6); abdominal tergum II with three lateral marginal setae; body uniformly brown...................................................................... photiniae sp.n. -. Antennal segment II without a mid-dorsal seta (Fig. 28); abdominal tergum II with four lateral marginal setae; body pale.................................................................................................. grandis 3. At least abdominal sternite VI with discal setae (Fig. 21)...................................................... 4 -. Abdominal sternites without discal setae................................................................... 7 4. Abdominal tergites II–VIII with numerous ciliate microtrichia on lines of sculpture................................. 5 -. Abdominal tergites II–VIII without ciliate microtrichia on lines of sculpture....................................... 6 5. Abdominal sternites III–VII with 7–12 discal setae................................................ gongshanensis -. Abdominal sternites IV–V with 0–2 discal setae, sternite VI with 1–2 discal setae, III and VII without discal setae (Fig. 21)..................................................................................... daweishanensis sp.n. 6. Fore wings banded; abdominal segments bicoloured, tergum VIII and segments IX–X dark brown, terga III–VII with median brown markings; sterna II–VII with 1–10 pairs of discal setae.......................................... setiventris * -. Fore wings not banded; abdominal segments yellow; sterna III–VII with one pair of discal setae................. auratus * 7. Fore wings with two dark bands at apex and middle.................................................... fasciatus -. Fore wings not banded (Figs 5, 41)....................................................................... 8 8. Abdominal tergites II–VII and laterotergites with numerous ciliate microtrichia along lines of sculpture laterally, microtrichia uniform and regular on all segments...................................................................... 9 -. Abdominal tergites II–VII and laterotergites without numerous ciliate microtrichia along lines of sculpture, when present microtrichia are either small and dentate, or if ciliate then irregular and usually on posterior segments only............. 10 9. Antennal segment VI longer than IV, III pale at basal third, IV often pale at base.............................. glycines -. Antennal segment VI shorter than IV, III not pale at basal third, IV usually pale at base...................... nilgiriensis 10. Abdominal tergite II with three lateral marginal setae........................................................ 11 -. Abdominal tergite II with four lateral marginal setae........................................................ 13 11. Postocular setae III distinctly stouter and longer than other setae, more than half length of ocellar setae III (Fig. 33).... latus -. Postocular setae III not as above, not distinctly stouter and longer than other setae................................. 12 12. Body yellow to brown (Fig. 36); pronotum smooth medially, and with weak transverse striations (Fig. 38); abdominal tergites without ciliate microtrichia nor irregularly dentate on posterior margin of laterotergites (Fig. 39)............... hani sp.n. -. Body uniformly brown (Fig. 10); pronotum smooth (Fig. 12); abdominal tergites without ciliate microtrichia on lines of sculpture, but irregularly dentate on posterior margin of laterotergites (Fig. 13)..................... cangshanensis sp.n. 13. Mesonotum without CPS anteromedially................................................................. 14 -. Mesonotum with CPS anteromedially.................................................................... 15 14. Body yellow; abdominal tergite IX without CPS.......................................................... ricini -. Body uniformly brown to dark brown; abdominal tergite IX with two pairs of CPS......................... consociatus 15. Abdominal tergite IX with only posterior pair of CPS................................................... araliae -. Abdominal tergite IX with two pairs of CPS............................................................... 16 16. Fore wings uniformly brown; pronotum with posteroangular inner setae longer than outer....................... yelangi -. Fore wings brown, with base and apex pale; pronotum with posteroangular inner setae subequal to outer............... 17 17. Abdominal tergites without ciliate microtrichia on lines of sculpture, posterior margins with microtrichia laterally; metascutum with median pair of setae behind anterior margin................................................ caudibrunneus * -. Abdominal tergites without ciliate microtrichia on lines of sculpture, posterior margin of tergites V–VII without microtrichia laterally (Fig. 3); metascutum with median pair of setae situated near anterior margin (Fig. 2)................ bicolor sp.n., Published as part of Li, Yajin & Zhang, Hongrui, 2022, Five new species and two new records of Mycterothrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) from Southern China, pp. 544-566 in Zootaxa 5214 (4) on pages 544-566, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5214.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/7397755

Mycterothrips daweishanensis sp. n. (Figs 18–24) Female macroptera. Body brown (Fig. 18); antennae wholly brown; all legs brown except tibia apex and tarsus yellowish brown (Fig. 20); fore wings brown except base pale; clavus brown with apex pale (Fig. 24). Head wider than long, slightly rounded at cheeks; ocellar setae I present, setae III situated near anterior margin of posterior ocelli; 5–6 pairs of postocular setae (Fig. 19). Antennae 8-segmented, segment I with two dorsal apical median setae, II with 3 microtrichial rows on dorsal surface; III and IV widest at middle and tapering in distal necklike third; III–VI with some rows of microtrichia on dorsal and ventral surfaces; VIII slightly longer than VII (Fig. 20). Pronotum wider than long, weakly sculptured with transverse striations, inner posteroangular setae shorter than outer pair; two pairs of posteromarginal setae. Mesonotum with CPS absent; median pair of setae near posterior margin, Metanotum reticulate striate, but with irregular longitudinal striations laterally, CPS absent (Fig. 19). Fore wing first vein with seven setae at base and two near apex, second vein with setal row complete; posterior fringe cilia slightly wavy; clavus with 5 marginal setae and one discal seta (Fig. 24). Abdominal tergites and laterotergites without ciliate microtrichia on lines of sculpture; tergite II with 4 lateral marginal setae; tergites VI–VIII with S4 setae minute; tergite IX with only posterior pair of CPS; tergite X split longitudinally in distal 1/3 (Fig. 22); abdominal sternite IV–V with 0–1 discal setae, VI with 1–2 discal setae; sternite VII with median pair of setae situated in front of posterior margin (Fig. 21). Measurements (holotype female in microns). Body length 1557. Head, length 101; width across eyes 168. Ocellar setae III length 70. Pronotum, length 140; maximum width 194; posteroangular setae length, inner 85, outer 89. Metanotum median setae length 62. Fore wing length 895. Antennal segments III–VIII length 54, 57, 36, 44, 10, 20. Male Unknown. Specimens examined. Holotype female: CHINA, Yunnan Province, Pingbian County, Dawei Mountain, from Gardneria multiflora, 3.viii.2017 (Bo Kong), in collection of Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming. Paratypes: 6 females, collected with holotype. Etymology. The new species is named after collected place. Comments. This species runs to M. auratus in the key to world species of Mycterothrips by Masumoto and Okajima (2006), and these two share the following character states: Ocellar setae III near anterior margin of hind ocelli; mesonotum without campaniform sensilla anteromedially; abdominal tergum II with four lateral marginal setae; sternites III–VII with discal setae. However, this new species differs in having antennae wholly brown, pronotum with two long discal setae near anterior margin, abdominal tergites without ciliate microtrichia along lines of sculpture, tergite IX with only posterior pair of CPS, sternites IV–VI with 0–2 discal setae. This species is also similar to M. nastarani, but that has the body uniformly yellowish white, mesonotum with CPS, and sternites III–VII with more than 3 discal setae.

Mycterothrips fasciatus Masumoto & Okajima, 2006 This species exhibits some variations in ocellar setae I and the CPS of abdominal tergite IX. It was described by Masumoto and Okajima from about 150 females and 5 males collected in various parts of Japan, and also recorded from Malaysia. These authors stated that ocellar setae I present, but on abdominal tergite IX only the posterior pair of CPS present. In contrast, Yan et al. (2018) recorded this species in China from 23 females and 3 males, but although ocellar setae I present on most of these, two individuals lacked ocellar setae I, and one specimen had only a single ocellar seta present. Moreover, 16 females had two pairs of CPS on abdominal tergite IX, whereas six individuals had only the posterior pair. The same condition is present in the Japanese species M. japonicus, number of CPS on tergite IX seems to be variable(Masumoto pers. comm.2022). Thus variation in these character states requires further study, to determine their stability and reliability for distinguishing species. Specimens studied. CHINA, Yunnan Province, Xiangyun County, Shuimu Mountain, 6 females and 1male from Nothopanax sp., 6. v. 2016 (Hongrui Zhang); Pingbian County, Dawei Mountain, 4 females from ferns, 14. v. 2017 (Yajin Li); Guizhou Province, Danzhai County, Maoniling Forest Park, 4 females and 2 males from Rhus chinensis, 23. viii. 2016 (Xueqiang Yan); Shuicehng County, Yushe National Forest Park, 6 females from Tapiscia sinensis, 5 females from Stachyurus himalaicus, 12.ix.2017 (Yajin Li)., Published as part of Li, Yajin & Zhang, Hongrui, 2022, Five new species and two new records of Mycterothrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) from Southern China, pp. 544-566 in Zootaxa 5214 (4) on pages 544-566, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5214.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/7397755, {"references":["Masumoto, M. & Okajima, S. (2006) A revision of and key to the world species of Mycterothrips Trybom (Thysanoptera, Thripidae). Zootaxa, 1261 (1), 1 - 90. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1261.1.1","Yan, X. Q., Li, Y. J., Geng, K., Li, Z. Y. & Zhang, H. R. (2018) Thrips Species in Guizhou Province and a New Recorded Species from China (Thysanoptera: Thripinae). Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University (Natural Science), 33 (4), 772 - 777. https: // doi. org / 10.12101 / j. issn. 1004 - 390 X (n). 201708035"]}

Mycterothrips bicolor sp. n. (Figs 1–5) Female macroptera. Body bicolored (Fig. 1); head, thorax and abdominal segment I yellow, abdominal segment II brown, segments III–X dark brown; antennae brown, with apex of segment III pale (Fig. 4); all legs yellow; fore wings light brown with base yellow, clavus yellow (Fig. 5); prominent body setae brown. Head wider than long, slightly rounded at cheeks; ocellar setae I present, setae III situated near anterior margin of posterior ocelli; postocular setae I the longest (Fig. 2). Antennae 8-segmented, segment I with two dorsal apical median setae, II with 3 microtrichial rows on dorsal surface and a mid-dorsal seta below CPS on dorsal surface, III and IV widest at middle and tapering in distal neck-like third, III–VI with some rows of microtrichia on dorsal and ventral surfaces, VIII slightly longer than VII (Fig. 4). Pronotum wider than long, dorsal surface smooth, with a few transverse striations on posterior ¼; one pair of anteromarginal setae longer than discal setae; two pairs of posteromarginal setae, setae I longer than II, inner posteroangular setae subequal to outer one (Fig. 2). Mesonotum with CPS present; median pair of setae situated near or on posterior margin. Metanotum with very weak reticulations, but with irregular longitudinal striations laterally, median pair of setae situated near anterior margin, CPS absent. Fore wing first vein with seven setae at base and two near apex, second vein with setal row complete; posterior fringe cilia slightly wavy; clavus with 5 marginal setae and one discal seta (Fig. 5). Abdominal tergites and laterotergites without ciliate microtrichia on lines of sculpture, but often with a few large irregular microtrichia on sculpture lines at least on segment VIII, posterior margin of tergites V–VII without microtrichia laterally; tergite II with 4 lateral marginal setae; tergites VI–VIII with S4 setae minute; tergite IX with both anterior and posterior pairs of CPS; tergite X split longitudinally in distal 1/3 (Fig. 3); sternites without discal seta; sternite VII with median pair of setae situated in front of posterior margin. Measurements (holotype female in microns). Body length 1390. Head, length 90; width across eyes 142. Ocellar setae III length 68. Pronotum, length 135; maximum width 162; posteroangular setae length, inner 70, outer 70. Metanotum median setae length 54. Fore wing length 778. Antennal segments III–VIII length 60, 53, 36, 45, 8, 17. Male. Unknown. Specimens examined. Holotype female: CHINA, Yunnan Province, Xuanwei City, Xize County, from Capsicum annuum, 3.x.2016 (Bo Kong), in collection of Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming. Paratypes: 4 females collected with holotype, same locality and collector. Etymology. In reference to body bicolor. Comments. This species is very closely related to caudibrunneus in Taiwan, with the same coloration of abdomen and fore wing, ocellar setae I present, abdominal tergite II with four lateral marginal setae. However, it is distinguished by posterior margin of tergites V–VII without microtrichia laterally, metascutum with median pair of setae near anterior margin (Wang 1999, Masumoto and Okajima 2006). This species is also similar to consociatus, but differs in bicoloured body colour and fore wing with base pale., Published as part of Li, Yajin & Zhang, Hongrui, 2022, Five new species and two new records of Mycterothrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) from Southern China, pp. 544-566 in Zootaxa 5214 (4) on pages 544-566, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5214.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/7397755, {"references":["Masumoto, M. & Okajima, S. (2006) A revision of and key to the world species of Mycterothrips Trybom (Thysanoptera, Thripidae). Zootaxa, 1261 (1), 1 - 90. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1261.1.1"]}

Mycterothrips latus (Bagnall, 1912) (Figs 32–35) Recorded from Betula sp in Scotland, England and Germany, this species with postocular setae III strongly developed is special among Mycterothrips members (Fig. 33). Masumoto and Okajima (2006) stated that the mesonotum of this species has a pair of CPS anteromedially. However, the male individual identified here as latus is without CPS on the mesonotum (Fig. 33). This is the first record of the species from China, indeed from outside of Europe, and further study needs to be based on more individuals. Material studied. CHINA, Yunnan Province, Xishuangbanna tropical botanical garden, 1 male from Ficus altissima, 24.x.2017 (Yanlan Xie)., Published as part of Li, Yajin & Zhang, Hongrui, 2022, Five new species and two new records of Mycterothrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) from Southern China, pp. 544-566 in Zootaxa 5214 (4) on pages 544-566, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5214.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/7397755, {"references":["Masumoto, M. & Okajima, S. (2006) A revision of and key to the world species of Mycterothrips Trybom (Thysanoptera, Thripidae). Zootaxa, 1261 (1), 1 - 90. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1261.1.1"]}

Helionothrips Bagnall Helionothrips Bagnall, 1932: 506. Type species Heliothrips brunneipennis Bagnall 1915, by monotypy. Members of the genus Helionothrips are readily recognised within the subfamily Panchaetothripinae by the following character states: posterior part of head forming a wide transverse concave collar; antennal segments III & IV with curved forked sense cones; abdominal tergites each with a strongly developed antecostal line forming a series of arches or contiguous scallop-like areas. Wilson (1975) has provided a detailed diagnosis of this genus, with a key to the 18 species that were described up to that time. Moreover, reviews have been published of the species known from the following areas: Africa (Faure 1961), India (Bhatti 1968), Japan (Kudô 1992), Taiwan (Wang 1993) and China (Mirab-balou et al. 2017). Despite these publications some species remain weakly discriminated, being based on descriptions that lack clarity. Here we discuss some characters that can be difficult to evaluate. Fore wing color. Typically, the fore wings of Helionothrips species are dark brown at the base, with a sub-basal white band and a brown area at the veinal fork, and with the extreme apex also brown. The differences between species are in the colour of the apical half of the wing. This varies from uniformly brown (annosus, brunneipennis, shennongjiaensis), gradually fading apically (cephalicus, communis, linderae, phragmitesi sp.n., ponkikiri, unitatis), clearly banded (minutus, rugatus), to almost pale (parvus, pallidus sp. n.) (Figs 1–9). It is important to note that “gradually fading apically” involves progressive variation and thus can be difficult to assess. For example, the apical half in aino (and mube) seems more suitably scored as “uniformly light brown” (Fig. 4), rather than “gradually fading apically” as described in most published literature. Wilson (1975) described the fore wing of cephalicus as “entirely brown except for a subbasal pale patch”, whereas our cephalicus specimens are consistent with “dark brown at fork and fading apicad” as described by Kudô (1992) (Fig. 6). Similarly, Mirab-balou et al. (2017) indicate that the fore wing colour of rugatus is the same as in shennongjiaensis (brown on apical half), but our specimens of rugatus have a well-defined subapical pale band (Fig. 7). Thorax sculpture. Including one of the new species described below, only four Helionothrips species share the character of “pronotum entirely covered with reticles having numerous wrinkles”. These four are cephalicus (Fig. 21), longisensibilis, pallidus sp. n. (Fig. 20) and rugatus. In contrast, more than 50% of Helionothrips species have all the pronotal reticles without internal wrinkles (e.g. aino, errans, shennongjiaensis) (Figs 23, 24). Bhatti (1968) described the body sculpture of parvus as “resembling that of errans ”, thus implying that the pronotum of parvus also lacks wrinkles in the reticles. However, Kudô (1992) suggested that cephalicus is related to parvus, but he mentioned only that these two species share a long and uniformly black head. He did not refer to body sculpture. Amongst our samples we have specimens of parvus with head and thoracic reticles lacking wrinkles (Figs 24, 27). Therefore, the key provided by Mirab-balou et al. (2017) seems incorrect in indicating the presence in parvus of pronotal reticles with wrinkles. An intermediate condition, with only the reticles on the posterior half of the pronotum having internal wrinkles, occurs in communis, phragmitesi sp.n. (Fig. 22), ponkikiri, and unitatis. Mirab-balou et al. (2017) suggested that the head and pronotum of unitatis lack wrinkles in the reticles, but this is contrary to the descriptions in Wang (1993), Feng et al. (2007) and the website of Taiwan Encyclopedia of Life (http://taieol.tw/pages/109391). It seems that unitatis has wrinkles not only on the pronotum posterior half, but also on the mesoscutum and metanotal triangle. A further problem is that Feng et al. (2007) provided line drawings of shennongjiaensis without wrinkles in the thoracic reticles, but with more specimens now available the mesoscutum reticles of this species always have internal wrinkles medially (Fig. 25). Antennal segment IV sense cone. The forked sense cone on this segment is reported to vary in length between species. It is short in phragmitesi sp. n. described below, not extending to the mid-point of segment V (Fig. 10). In contrast, more than 80% of species in this genus have this forked sense cone generally extending to the apex of V or mid-point of VI (Figs 11–15). Unusually, brunneipennis has this sense cone extremely long and extending to the middle of VIII (Fig. 19). This condition distinguishes brunneipennis from shennongjiaensis; this latter species has the sense cone on IV extending only to the mid-point of VI (Fig. 18). Wilson (1975) stated of brunneipennis in his key to Helionothrips species “sense cone on antennal segment IV reaching apex of segment VI”, but in the main text describing this species he states “sense cone on segment IV reaching the middle of VIII”. This suggests that in brunneipennis there may be variation in the length of the sense cone on antennal IV, or that there may have been a failure to note that the inner arm of this sense cone can be shorter than its outer arm. Examination of many specimens of shennongjiaensis indicate that this character is not stable, and relationships between these two species require further study. Similarly, mube has been distinguished from aino because the sense cone on IV surpasses the apex of VI (Kudô, 1992) (Fig. 17), whereas in aino it extends only to the middle of VI (Wilson, 1975) (Fig. 16). This sense cone is more variable than these two authors considered, and mube has recently been placed as a synonym of aino (Wang et al. [in press]). Sternal pore plates of males. The number of pore plates varies between Helionothrips species. Among the 15 species recorded from China, males are unknown for ponkikiri and phragmitesi sp. n. Pore plates are absent in four species, annosus, cephalicus, lushanensis and unitatis. Circular pore plates are present in the other species: on sternite VIII only in linderae; on sternites VII–VIII in brunneipennis, communis, errans, parvus, rugatus and shennongjiaensis; on sternites VI–VIII in pallidus sp. n.; and on V, VI or VII–VIII in aino (Wang et al. [in press]). Kudô (1992) stated that the only distinct difference between aino and mube was in the number of male pore plates - in aino on sternites VII–VIII (Fig. 30), but in mube on VI–VIII (Fig. 28). However, Kudô (1992) also mentioned that pore plates of mube on VI might be vestigial. Of the 33 male specimens we previously identified as aino or mube 26 specimens have pore plates on VII–VIII, and 7 specimens on VI–VIII, including one with the pore plate on VI reduced to a very small dot (Fig. 29). This variation indicates that the number of male sternal pore plates may not be entirely reliable to discriminate Helionothrips species. Key to Helionothrips species from China (* From original description) 1. Abdominal tergite VIII posterior margin with a complete comb................................................. 2 -. Abdominal tergite VIII posterior margin with comb interrupted medially......................................... 4 2. Antecostal line on abdominal tergites III–VIII forming three contiguous scallops; [metascutal triangle with posterior margin extending over metascutellum; male without pore plate on abdominal sternites]............................... annosus -. Antecostal line on abdominal tergites III–VIII connected by a fine line, not forming contiguous scallops (Fig. 41)......... 3 3. Head yellow anterior to fore ocellus; antennal segments II and VI brown; male with pore plates on abdominal sternites VII and VIII........................................................................................... errans * -. Head entirely dark brown; antennal segments II and VI yellowish brown; male lacking pore plate on abdominal sternites.............................................................................................. lushanensis * 4. Antennal segments I and II yellow (Figs 11, 16–17).......................................................... 5 -. Antennal segments I and II yellowish brown to dark brown, never yellow......................................... 6 5. Head yellow anterior to fore ocellus and between antennal bases; mesoscutum with weak wrinkles in median reticles; male with pore plate only on abdominal sternite VIII........................................................... linderae * -. Head completely dark brown; mesoscutum without wrinkles in reticles; male with pore plates on abdominal sternites VI/VII– VIII.............................................................................................. aino 6. Pronotum without wrinkles in most reticles, at most with weak wrinkles in only a few reticles (Figs 23–24); male with pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII.................................................................... 7 -. Pronotum with internal wrinkles in reticles, at least on posterior half (Figs 20–22).................................. 9 7. Head yellowish brown, paler than pronotum; fore wing brown except for a small sub-basal pale brown patch............ 8 -. Head as dark brown as pronotum; fore wing with a sub-basal white band and apical half pale, apex brown (Fig. 9).... parvus 8. Antennal sense cone on segment IV not beyond apex of VI (Fig. 18)................................ shennongjiaensis -. Antennal sense cone on segment IV extend to mid of VIII (Fig. 19).................................... brunneipennis 9. Pronotum with wrinkles only in reticles on posterior half (Fig. 22)............................................. 10 -. Pronotum with numerous wrinkles in all reticles (Figs 20–21); head, meso- and metascutum also with internal wrinkles (Figs 26, 33, 35).......................................................................................... 13 10. Head, meso- and metascutum without wrinkles in reticles [antennal segments I, II and VI brown; forked sense cone on antennal segment IV at least extending to apex of V; male unknown]............................................. ponkikiri * -. Head and mesoscutum with wrinkles in reticles, metascutal triangle with or without wrinkles in reticles................ 11 11. Metascutal triangle without wrinkles in reticles (Fig. 40); antennal segments I–II darker than VI (Fig. 10); antennal sense cone on IV short, not surpassing mid of V [male unknown]........................................... phragmitesi sp. n. -. Metascutal triangle with wrinkles in reticles; antennal segments I–II as brown as or paler than VI; antennal sense cone on IV extending to VI...................................................................................... 12 12. Antennal segments I–II yellowish brown, VI dark brown; forked sense cone on segment IV extending to basal half of VI; male with pore plate on abdominal sternites VII–VIII..................................................... communis * -. Antennal segments I–II as brown as VI; forked sense cone on segment IV extending to mid-point of VI; male without pore plate on abdominal sternites........................................................................... unitatis * 13. Antennal segment VI uniformly dark brown, VI as brown as II (Fig. 13); female abdominal segment IX about 1.7 times as long as segment X............................................................................... pallidus sp. n. -. Antennal segment VI light brown with basal half paler, VI paler than II; female abdominal segment IX at least 2.0 times as long as segment X........................................................................................ 14 14. Antennal segment I yellowish brown, paler than II (Fig. 12); fore wing with a well-defined sub-apical pale band shorter than the middle brown area (Fig. 7); male with pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII......................... rugatus -. Antennal segment I as brown as II (Fig. 15); fore wing with a sub-basal white band, dark brown at fork and fading sub-apically (Fig. 6); male without pore plate on abdominal sternites................................................ cephalicus, Published as part of Xie, Yanlan, Li, Yajin & Zhang, Hongrui, 2022, The genus Helionothrips (Thysanoptera, Panchaetothripinae) in China, with two new species and an identification key, pp. 392-402 in Zootaxa 5194 (3) on pages 392-398, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5194.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/7154424, {"references":["Bagnall, R. S. (1932) Brief descriptions of new Thysanoptera XVII. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 10 (10), 505 - 520. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222933208673602","Bagnall, R. S. (1915) Brief descriptions of new Thysanoptera V. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 15 (8), 315 - 324. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222931508693644","Wilson, T. H. (1975) A monograph of the subfamily Panchaetothripinae (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, 23, 1 - 354.","Faure, J. C. (1961) Thysanoptera of Africa - 5. Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa, 21 (2), 354 - 375.","Bhatti, J. S. (1968) The genus Helionothrips Bagnall in India (Thysanoptera). Oriental Insects, 2 (1), 35 - 39. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00305316.1968.10433869","Kudo, I. (1992) Panchaetothripinae in Japan (Thysanoptera, Thripidae) 2. Panchaetothripini, the genus Helionothrips. Japanese Journal of Entomology, 60, 271 - 289. [http: // ci. nii. ac. jp / els / contentscinii _ 20170826214438. pdf? id = ART 0006278387]","Wang, C. L. (1993) The Helionothrips species of Taiwan (Thysanoptera, Thripidae, Panchaetothripinae). Zoology (Journal of Pure and Applied Zoology), 4, 389 - 398.","Ishida, M. (1931) Fauna of the Thysanoptera of Japan. Insecta matsumurana, 7 (1), 32 - 42.","Hood, J. D. (1954) Three new Heliothripine Thysanoptera from Formosa. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 56, 188 - 193.","Williams, C. B. (1916) Biological and systematic notes on British Thysanoptera. The Entomologist, 49, 221 - 227 + 243 - 245 + 275 - 284. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 4499","Feng, J. N., Yang, X. N. & Zhang, G. L. (2007) Taxonomic study of the genus Helionothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Thripidae). Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 32, 451 - 454.","Chen, L. S. (1981) Studies on the Panchaetothripinae (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in Taiwan. Plant Protection Bulletin, 23, 117 - 130."]}

Helionothrips phragmitesi sp.n. (Figs 5, 10, 22, 38–42) Female macroptera. Body color dark brown, head entirely dark; fore femora brown, tibiae yellowish brown; mid and hind legs dark brown, with small extreme apex of tibiae yellow (Fig. 38); all tarsi yellow; antennal segments I–II dark brown, III–V and basal half of VI yellow, apical half of VI and VII–VIII light brown (Fig. 10); fore wing (Fig. 5) brown, base and apex darkest, with a sub-basal white band, weakly shaded between anterior and posterior margin at distal half; clavus dark brown. Head about 1.4–1.5 times as wide as long, completely sculptured; ocellar hump reticulate obvious with internal wrinkles (Fig. 39); ocelli large; anterior and posterior carina of occipital collar almost parallel, the posteromedian reticles of collar with many thicken dots inside. Antennae 8-segmented, general stout; forked sense cones on III extending to basal third of IV, on IV not surpassing midline of V (Fig. 10); simple dorsal sense cone on VI scarcely beyond apex of VIII, microtrichia present on ventral surface of segments IV–VI. Mouth cone rounded apically; maxillary palps 2–segmented. Pronotum entirely covered by polygonal reticles of a rather uniform size, discal setae moderately long; most median and posterior reticles with wrinkles inside (Fig. 22); mesoscutum with weak wrinkles in median reticles; metascutal triangle lacking wrinkles (Fig. 40), median setae outer and anterior to the CPS; metascutellum about 2.5 times as wide as long. Fore wing (Fig. 5) first vein with 6–7 basal and 2 distal setae, second vein with about 7 setae, posteromarginal cilia distinctive wavy; clavus with 4 veinal setae. Abdominal tergites I and II completely reticulate (Fig. 41); tergites III–VIII with heavy antecostal line divided into arches connected by a fine line, entirely covered with polygonal reticles except for posterior median unsculptured areas; II–VII lateral fourth with wrinkles in reticles (Fig. 41); VIII with comb of microtrichia narrowly interrupted medially by lacking about 4–5 teeth (Fig. 42); three pairs of needle-like setae on apex of tergite IX, S2 the longest, S1 and S3 almost subequal in length; Abdominal segment X short and small, less than half the length of IX; X with median split complete. Sternites entirely polygonally reticulate posterior of antecostal line, with three pairs of long posterior margin setae. Measurements (holotype female in microns): Body length 1562. Head, length 129; width across genae 183. Eye, length 73; width 48. Pronotum, length 154; width 223. Fore wing length 900. Abdominal segments VIII–X median length 101, 118, 55. Antennal segments I–VIII length (width): 23(21), 38(30), 53(22), 44(22), 40(20), 29(17), 9(8), 27(4). Male unknown. Specimens studied. Holotype female, CHINA, Chongqing City, Xiushan County, from leaves of Phragmites communis, 22.v.2017 (Li Yajin & Liu Hui), in collection of Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming. Paratypes: 19 females collected from same locality and plant as holotype, with 2 females deposited in Australian National Insect Collection, Canberra. Etymology. In reference to the host plant of this species. Comments. This new species is distinguished from other Helionothrips species by the reticles on the posterior half of the pronotum having internal wrinkles, the forked antennal sense cone on IV not surpassing mid-point of V, antennal segments I & II dark brown while VI light brown with basal half yellow, also mid and hind tibiae with a small yellow area at apex. This new species is most similar to communis, ponkikiri and unitatis in having the posterior half of the pronotum with reticles bearing internal wrinkles. However, in communis, ponkikiri and unitatis, the forked sense cone on antennal segment IV at least extends to the apex of V, and segment VI as brown as I & II (ponkikiri and unitatis) or darker than I & II (communis). Moreover, in this new species, wrinkles are present in the mesoscutum reticles but not in the metascutum reticles. In contrast, both the meso- and metascutal reticles have internal wrinkles in communis and unitatis versus both lacking in ponkikiri., Published as part of Xie, Yanlan, Li, Yajin & Zhang, Hongrui, 2022, The genus Helionothrips (Thysanoptera, Panchaetothripinae) in China, with two new species and an identification key, pp. 392-402 in Zootaxa 5194 (3) on pages 399-400, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5194.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/7154424

Aduncothrips kailiensis sp.n. (Figs 29–36) Female macroptera. Body uniformly brown (Fig. 29); antennal segment I dark brown, II pale, II–IV yellow but shaded at extreme apex of III and distal third of IV, V–IX brown (Fig. 34); fore wings with a long longitudinal dark band, pale at subbase and apex, claves brown (Fig. 31); all legs brown, with the base of hind tibiae pale. Head wider than long, sculptured with closely transverse striae; postocular setae in two rows but irregularly arranged (Fig. 30). Maxillary palp segment II subdivided (Fig. 35). Antennal segments III–IV sensorium vermicular and around apex, with internal markings (Fig. 33). Pronotum wider than long, sculptured with transverse striae, with about 40–50 discal setae and 3 pairs of posteromarginal setae slightly shorter than discal setae, except S2 stouter. Mesonotum with closely transverse striate, with a few wrinkles between sculpture lines on posterior part; lateral and posteromedian setae short and stout; anteromedian CPS absent (Fig. 32). Metascutum sculpture with internal markings between sculpture lines, anterior-medially with closely transverse striae, posterior area with reticulation, median and submedian pairs of setae situated near middle, submedian pair slightly behind, CPS present (Fig. 32). Abdominal tergite I with transverse lines, II-VIII smooth medially, VI-VIII with lateral transverse lines weakly. Sternites II–VI with 3–4 pairs of posteromarginal setae, VII with 5 pairs of posteromarginal setae in front of posterior margin, 2 pairs of accessory setae between S1 and S2; Sternites V–VIII each with 1–4 pairs of discal setae (Fig. 36). Measurements (holotype in microns). Body length 1753; head length 141, width 188. Pronotum length 171, width 210. Fore wing length 754, median width 111. Antennal segments I–IX length: 56, 50, 81, 83, 60, 48, 34, 16, 15. Male. Unknown. Specimens studied. Holotype: female, CHINA, GUIZHOU Province, Kaili City, on Bambusa multiplex [Poaceae], 3.viii.2017 (Yajin Li), in collection of Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming. Etymology. This species is named after the collecting place. Comments. This species is particularly unusual in having the metascutal median setal pair near the middle of this sclerite, the submedian pair slightly behind the median pair, and paired CPS present., Published as part of Li, Yajin, Elie, Ntirenganya, Liu, Hui & Zhang, Hongrui, 2022, Aduncothrips newly recorded from China, with three new species and a new generic synonym (Thysanoptera: Aeolothripidae), pp. 49-59 in Zootaxa 5141 (1) on page 54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5141.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/6581568

Aduncothrips albus sp.n. (Figs 1–9) Female macroptera. Body uniformly brown (Fig. 1); antennal segments I–II brown, III yellow, IV pale at distal half and brown on remaining part, V–IX brown (Fig. 4). Fore wing with a brownish base and long transverse dark band in the middle, base and apex pale, clavus brown; all legs dark brown with tibiae and tarsi pale. Head longer than wider, arched at cheeks, with close transverse striae; postocular setae in 2 rows but irregularly arranged medially and laterally (Fig. 5); mouth cone pointed and extending between fore coxae, maxillary palp segment II subdivided. Antennal segments III–IV with sensorium vermicular and curving around apex, with internal markings, sensoria 0.7 and 0.8 times as long as length of segments (Fig. 9). Pronotum as long as wide, densely sculptured with transverse striae, with about 50 discal setae and 3 pairs of posteromarginal setae, S1 stouter. Mesonotum tightly sculptured with densely transverse striae, internal markings near posterior area; lateral and posteromedian setae short and stout; anteromedian CPS absent (Fig. 4). Metascutum anteromedian area with transverse dense sculpture lines and posteromedian short reticulations, with small wrinkles between sculpture lines, median pair of setae near posterior margin; CPS absent (Fig. 4). Abdominal tergite I with 2 transverse lines on anterior part, II-VIII smooth medially (Fig. 7). Sternites II–VII each with 3, 4, 4, 4, 5(rarely 4), 5 pairs of posteromarginal setae, submarginal on VII, 2 pairs of accessory setae between S1 and S2; sternites III–VII with 1–5 pairs of discal setae (Fig. 6), VIII with 1 discal seta. Measurements (holotype in microns). Body length 1882; head length 194, width 180. (Pronotum length 185, width 188). Fore wing length 707, median width 109. Antennal segments I–IX length: 36, 44, 116, 106, 59, 49, 39, 14, 16. Male macroptera. Similar to but smaller and paler than female(Fig. 2); antennal segment II pale at apex, segment III pale at base; fore wings weakly narrowed and long (Fig. 8). Maxillary palps 3-segmented, segment II undivided. Abdominal tergite I with two longitudinal ridges, IX without curved claspers, S1 setae slightly longer than S2 (Fig. 3). Sternites II–VII with 3 pairs of posteromarginal setae, VIII with 4 pairs posteromarginal setae, V–VIII each with 1 pair of discal setae. Measurements (paratype in microns). Body length 1324; head length 178, width 162. (Pronotum length 155, width 185). Fore wing length 670, median width 75. Antennal segments I–IX length: 29, 45, 107, 89, 55, 44, 38, 16, 10. Specimens studied. Holotype: female, CHINA, YUNNAN Province, Heqing County (26°56'62"N, 100°18'25"E), on grass, 27.vii.2014 (Zhang Hongrui). Paratypes: 2 females & 1 male, collected with holotype. YUNNAN Province; Xishuangbanna Gasa International Airport (26°56'62"N, 100°22'25"E), 1 female, on litchi, 23.ii.2009 (Sun Shiqing); Xishuangbanna Prefecture, 1 female, on mango, v.2009 (Sun Shiqing); Hekou County, 1 female, on Lactuca sativa [Asteraceae], 30.iv.2010 (Sun Shiqing & Liu Shengwu); Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanic Garden, 1 female on grass, 11.iii.2017 (Hongrui Zhang). Etymology. This species is named after the pale tibiae and tarsi. Comments. This new species is distinguished from japonicus in the key above. In addition, A. albus has all the tibiae and tarsi sharply paler than the brown femora, and the very long extension of the filamentous sensorium on segment III does not extend to the base. The species A. asiaticus also has the tibiae and tarsi yellow, but has fore wings with a longitudinal dark band along the posterior margin., Published as part of Li, Yajin, Elie, Ntirenganya, Liu, Hui & Zhang, Hongrui, 2022, Aduncothrips newly recorded from China, with three new species and a new generic synonym (Thysanoptera: Aeolothripidae), pp. 49-59 in Zootaxa 5141 (1) on pages 51-53, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5141.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/6581568

Aduncothrips huapingensis sp.n. (Figs 18–28) Female macroptera. Body uniformly dark brown (Fig. 18); antennal segments I–II dark brown with apex of II yellow, III–V pale with apex brown, VI–IX brown (Fig. 21). Fore wings with two longitudinal dark bands which along anterior and posterior margins toward apex, clavus uniformly dark brown (Fig. 20). All legs dark brown, with tibiae and tarsi pale, tibiae on fore leg and middle leg dark brown basally, and tibiae on hind leg with base and apex brown (Fig. 26); prominent body setae dark. Head longer than wide, with close transverse striae on dorsal surface, postocular setae irregularly arranged; maxillary palp segment II subdivided (Fig. 24). Antennal segments III–IV with vermicular sensorium and curving around apex, internal markings present. Pronotum longer than wider, sculptured with dense transverse striae, with more than 50 discal setae,3 pairs of posteromarginal setae subequal to discal setae, except for S1 longer and stouter. Mesonotum closely sculptured with transverse striate, with small wrinkles between sculpture lines; lateral and posteromedian setae short and stout; anteromedian CPS absent (Figs.22–23). Metanotum with lateral elongate narrow and posteromedian short reticulations, reticulations centralized as an inverted triangleshaped area, anteromedian area with transverse sculpture lines, with small wrinkles between sculpture lines; median pair of setae near posterior margin, submedian pair at anterior margin, CPS absent (Figs. 22–23). Abdominal tergite I with transverse lines; tergites II–VIII with transverse striae, weakly medially; Sternites II–VI with 3–5 pairs posteromarginal setae, VII with 7 pairs and submarginal on V–VII; all sternites with discal setae, II–V with 3–4 pairs, VI with 5 pairs, VII with 6 pairs, VIII with 4 pairs (Fig. 25). Measurements (holotype in microns). Body length 1909; head length 190, width 154. Pronotum length 216, width 186. Fore wing length 893, median width 113. Antennal segments I–IX length: 31, 45, 96, 89, 48, 39, 36, 12, 11. Male macroptera. Similar to female but smaller and paler. Maxillary palps 3-segmented and segment II undivided (Fig. 28). Abdominal tergites with transverse striate sculpture, tergite I with two longitudinal ridges, IX without tubercles and claspers. Sternites II–VII with 3 pairs of posteromarginal setae, IV–VII with 2–4 discal setae, VIII with 4 pairs of posteromarginal setae and 4–6 discal setae. Measurements (paratype in microns). Body length 1374; head length 145, width 150. Pronotum length 154, width 135. Fore wing length 677, median width 71. Antennal segments I–IX length: 26, 44, 86, 84, 48, 39, 28, 13, 7. Specimens studied. Holotype: female, CHINA, YUNNAN Province, Huaping County, on mango, 20.iii.2010 (Yonghui Xie). Paratypes: 1 female & 2 males collected with holotype. Etymology. This species is named after collecting place. Comments. This species can be distinguished easily from other members of Aduncothrips by the fore wings with two longitudinal dark bands, along the anterior and posterior margins toward apex. This character is similar to the recent redescription A. asiaticus (Rachana et al. 2020), but in A. asiaticus the longitudinal dark band on the fore wings is only along the posterior margin, moreover the metascutal striae form a triangle medially (Fig. 23), and the hind tibia is bicolored. It is the only species with the sense cones on antennal segments III–IV completely encircling the apex and in IV form a necktie structure., Published as part of Li, Yajin, Elie, Ntirenganya, Liu, Hui & Zhang, Hongrui, 2022, Aduncothrips newly recorded from China, with three new species and a new generic synonym (Thysanoptera: Aeolothripidae), pp. 49-59 in Zootaxa 5141 (1) on pages 53-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5141.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/6581568, {"references":["Rachana, R. R., Rachana, B. & Shashikant, G. R. (2020) Redescription of Aduncothrips asiaticus (Ramakrishna and Margabandhu) (Thysanoptera: Aeolothripidae) with first description of the male, Oriental Insects, 54 (3), 398 - 401. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00305316.2019.1670749"]}

Aduncothrips japonicus (Masumoto & Okajima) comb.n. (Figs 10–17) Desmidothrips japonicus Masumoto & Okajima, 2019: 316 Male macroptera. Smaller than female (Fig. 11); antennal segment II pale, III pale at base and brown on the apex half (Fig. 13); all femora brown, tibiae pale at base half and light brown rest, tarsi brown. Maxillary palps 3- segmented, segment II undivided (Fig. 15). Abdominal tergite I with two longitudinal ridges (Fig. 17), IX without tubercles and clasper, S1 setae longer than S2 (Fig. 16). Sternites II–VIII with 3 or 4 pairs of posteromarginal setae, VIII with 1 pair of discal setae laterally. Measurements (male in microns). Body length 1424; head length 144, width 160. Pronotum length 159, width 181. Fore wing length 658, median width 94. Antennal segments I–IX length: 27, 47, 107, 93, 57, 40, 33, 12, 11. Specimens studied. 1 female, 1 male, CHINA, Yunnan Province, Shuifu County, on flowers of Duranta repens [Verbenaceae], 19.vii.2011 (Hongrui Zhang), in collection of Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming. Comments. This species was collected form the leaves of Castanea crenata [Fagaceae] in Japan, and it was described as the third species of Desmidothrips (Masumoto & Okajima 2019). Although the type specimens were collected from plant leaves, it was collected from flowers in China, and the feeding habits of this species are not yet certain. Dr Masumoto reconfirmed that the female type specimens of A. japonicus also have the maxillary palp segment II subdivided.

Aduncothrips inauditus (Bianchi) comb.n. Aeolothrips inauditus Bianchi, 1945: 261. This species has been recorded only from New Caledonia. Females and males both have the maxillary palps 3- segmented, with segment II not subdivided. The linear sensorium on antennal segments III–IV is unusually long, reaching to the base of these segments.

Aduncothrips Ananthakrishnan Erythrothrips (Aduncothrips) Ananthakrishnan, 1963: 99. Type species Erythrothrips asiaticus Ramakrishna & Margabandhu, 1931: 1029, by monotypy. Desmidothrips Mound, 1977: 149. Type species D. walkerae Mound, by original selection from two species. Syn.n. The genus Aduncothrips has been known only from India, with the only modern redescription provided by Rachana et al. (2020). In contrast, Desmidothrips was erected for a species from New Zealand, and was compared only to three genera from the southern hemisphere in which species share the character state of the sternites bearing discal setae (Mound 1977). At that time, it was not known that the type species of Aduncothrips also shares this condition, in contrast to the many species of the northern hemisphere genus, Aeolothrips, in which sternal discal setae are absent. In preparing the descriptions of the three new species from China given below, it was realized that the only character state to distinguish the genus Desmidothrips from Aduncothrips was the presence of a transverse dark band on the fore wings in contrast to longitudinal dark bands. However, the three new species from China are very similar to each other in sculpture and chaetotaxy, although one has fore wings with longitudinal bands and the other two species have transverse bands. Similar variation in wing pattern occurs among species of Aeolothrips in Europe and North America (Mound et al. 2019), and wing colour patterns are not accepted as a useful generic distinction in that genus. Females of Aduncothrips have maxillary palp segment II subdivided (Ananthakrishnan 1963, Rachana et al. 2020); a condition that also occurs in some other Aeolothripids. In the work presented here we have established that, in contrast to their conspecific females, the males of four Aduncothrips species have the maxillary palp segment II undivided, whereas in two species both sexes have this segment undivided (the male is not known in one species). Intraspecific variation has also been reported in some Desmothrips species (Mound 1967). As a result of the generic synonymy proposed here a total of seven species are now listed in Aduncothrips. Diagnosis. Female. Body color usually brown or darker; fore wing with longitudinal dark bands. Antennae 9-segmented, VI–IX united, sensorium on III–IV vermicular and extending around apex with internal markings, segments V–VIII with small sense-cones having elongate bases (Fig. 9). Maxillary palps 3-segmented; females with segment II subdivided (except in inauditus and walkerae), males with segment II not subdivided. Head and pronotum with transverse striae, without long setae. Mesonotum closely striate, CPS absent. Metascutum closely striate with markings between the striae. Fore tibiae with a pair of dark brown spines at apex. Abdominal tergites with transverse striae laterally; sternites with discal setae. Male. Similar to but smaller than female; tergites without tubercles, tergite I with paired longitudinal ridges, IX without claspers; sternites II–VII with 3–4 pairs of posteromarginal setae and with discal setae., Published as part of Li, Yajin, Elie, Ntirenganya, Liu, Hui & Zhang, Hongrui, 2022, Aduncothrips newly recorded from China, with three new species and a new generic synonym (Thysanoptera: Aeolothripidae), pp. 49-59 in Zootaxa 5141 (1) on page 50, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5141.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/6581568, {"references":["Ananthakrishnan, T. N. (1963) The Terebrantian Thysanoptera of the Indo-Ceylonese region. Treubia, 26 (2), 73 - 122.","Ramakrishna, T. V. & Margabandhu, V. (1931) Notes on Indian Thysanoptera with brief descriptions of new species. Journal of Bombay Natural History Society, 34, 1025 - 1040.","Mound, L. A. (1977) A new genus of Aeolothripidae (Thysanoptera) from New Zealand and New Caledonia. New Zealand Journal of Zoology, 4 (2), 149 - 152. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03014223.1977.9517946","Rachana, R. R., Rachana, B. & Shashikant, G. R. (2020) Redescription of Aduncothrips asiaticus (Ramakrishna and Margabandhu) (Thysanoptera: Aeolothripidae) with first description of the male, Oriental Insects, 54 (3), 398 - 401. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00305316.2019.1670749","Mound, L. A., Hoddle, M. S. & Hastings, A. (2019). Thysanoptera Californica - Thrips of California. Lucidcentral. org, Identic Pty Ltd, Queensland, Australia. Available from: https: // keys. lucidcentral. org / keys / v 3 / thrips _ of _ california _ 2019 / overview. html (accessed 30 August 2021)","Mound, L. A. (1967) A taxonomic revision of the Australian Aeolothripidae (Thysanoptera). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). Entomology, 20, 41 - 74."]}

Parexothrips palumai Mound (Figs 9, 10) Mound (2011) described palumai as having 2–3 pairs of setae on the prosternal basantra, and the first vein of the fore wing with six setae near the base, and three widely spaced setae on the distal half. In the specimens listed below the prosternal basantra bear five pairs of setae (Fig. 10), and the fore wing first vein has 5–7 setae near the base. Specimens studied. 2 females, Guizhou Province, Xingyi City, Wanfenglin, from Cynodon dactylon [Poaceae], 18.viii.2018 (Yajin Li)., Published as part of Li, Yajin, Liu, Zhuocheng & Zhang, Hongrui, 2021, Rhamphothrips genus-group in China, with description of two new species and two new records (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), pp. 425-432 in Zootaxa 5039 (3) on page 430, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5039.3.7, http://zenodo.org/record/5511526

Amalothrips noorazlani Ng (Figs 6, 7) Ng (2015) recorded this species from grass in Malaysia, and the species is here newly recorded from China. The individuals listed below show some variation from the original description: Although one of the two females listed below has ocellar setae pair I present (Fig. 7), as indicated in the original description by Ng (2015), the other female lacks this pair of setae (Fig. 6). Specimens studied. 2 females, Yunnan Province, Wenshan City, Xichou County, from Kyllinga brevifolia [Cyperaceae], 21.v.2018 (Hui Liu)., Published as part of Li, Yajin, Liu, Zhuocheng & Zhang, Hongrui, 2021, Rhamphothrips genus-group in China, with description of two new species and two new records (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), pp. 425-432 in Zootaxa 5039 (3) on page 426, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5039.3.7, http://zenodo.org/record/5511526, {"references":["Ng, Y. F. (2015) A new species of Amalothrips Ananthakhrishnan from Malaysia, with first description of male. Zootaxa, 4032 (2), 246 - 250. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4032.2.13"]}

Amalothrips bifurcus sp.n. (Figs 1–5, 8, 11, 12) Female macroptera. Body pale except extreme tip of abdominal segment X brown (Fig. 1). Head wider than long, strongly projecting in front of eyes; ocellar setae I and II present, III arises outside of ocellar triangle; 2–3 pairs of postocular setae adjacent to eye margins (Fig. 2); mouth-cone short not reaching to middle of prosternum; maxillary palps 3-segmented; compound eyes with five pigmented ommatidia (Fig. 3); antennae 8-segmented, segment I without dorsoapical setae, segment II without rows of microtrichia, but with CPS at the apex, segments III and IV each with a forked sense cone (Fig. 12); III–VI with microtrichia on both dorsal and ventral sides (Fig. 8). Pronotum longer than wide, with transverse striae weak and about 24 discal setae; anteroangular margin sharply constricted, without anteroangular setae; posterior margin with one pair of posteroangular setae and five pairs of posteromarginal setae (Fig. 2). Mesonotum with a pair of anteromedian CPS, transverse striae weak medially, median setae arising ahead of posterior margin and submedian setae at posterior margin. Metanotum with a few transverse striae on anterior, with irregular longitudinal lines on median posterior areas, straight longitudinal lines laterally; median setae arising far behind anterior margin, submedian setae situated near to anterior margin, CPS present, but very small(Fig. 5). Ferna attaching at tip but divided; basantra degenerate without any setae (Fig. 3); both meso and metasternal endofurca without spinula. Fore wing first vein with 3 + 3 setae on basal half, 3 setae distally; second vein with 4 setae; clavus with five veinal setae, without discal setae; posteromarginal fringe cilia wavy (Fig. 11). Fore femora slightly enlarged; all tarsi 2-segmented. Abdominal tergites with irregular transverse striae across each segment; posterior margin with craspedum; tergite VIII posterior margin without fringe of microtrichia; tergite IX with two pairs of CPS; abdominal sternites with irregular transverse striae, II–VII with lobed posteromarginal craspeda, but reduced at middle of VII, II with 2 pairs of posteromarginal setae, but III–VII with 3 pairs, VII with S1 arising in front of the margin and interval of S1 setae much wider than distance to S2 setae (Fig. 4). Measurements (female in microns). Distended body length 1230; head length 85, width across cheeks 120; pronotum median length 172, width 144; metascutal median setae 11; fore wing length 652. Antennal length 652; segments III–VIII length as follows: 45, 46, 43, 48, 10, 11. Male. Unknown. Specimens studied. Holotype female, China, Yunnan, Malipo County, collected from Arundo donax [Arundiaceae], 20.v.2018 (Yanlan Xie). Paratype: one female collected with holotype. Etymology. Specific epithet from Latin “bifurcus”, in reference to antennal segments III–IV with sense cone forked. Comments. This new species is similar to noorazlani as follows: antennal segments uniformly pale; postocular setae I arising adjacent to posterior margin of eyes; basantra without pair of setae. However, the new species differs as follows: antennal segments III–IV with sense cone forked, metanotum CPS present, compound eyes with five pigmented ommatidia, ferna divided in the middle, and segment VII with S1 arising in front of the margin., Published as part of Li, Yajin, Liu, Zhuocheng & Zhang, Hongrui, 2021, Rhamphothrips genus-group in China, with description of two new species and two new records (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), pp. 425-432 in Zootaxa 5039 (3) on page 426, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5039.3.7, http://zenodo.org/record/5511526

Rhamphothrips yunnanensis sp.n. (Figs 13–21) Female macroptera. Body almost yellow, but distal half of abdominal segment X brown (Figs 13, 15); antennal segments I–III yellow, apex of IV & V pale brown, VI–VIII brown (Fig. 21); fore wing including clavus pale; major setae yellow. Head small, with transverse striate sculpture dorsally behind compound eyes; only a single ocellar seta I present, setae II close to compound eyes, setae III near anterior margins of hind ocelli; 2 pairs of postocular setae small (Fig.16). Antennae 8-segmented, segment I without dorso-apical setae, III & IV with sense cone forked (Fig.21). Pronotum much longer than wide, with surface smooth except for a few faint transverse lines near posterior margin; 6 pairs of posteromarginal setae, one pair of posteroangular setae slightly prominent (Fig.16). Mesonotal anterior campaniform sensilla present, with sculptured transverse lines, median setae situated in front of posterior margin; mesosternum with a long seta at the lateral margins. Metanotal median setae behind anterior margin, CPS present; median area with irregular and narrow longitudinal reticulation but striate laterally (Fig. 16). Fore tibia ventral apical margin with two small tubercles. Fore wing first vein with about 7 setae basally, 3 widely spaced setae on distal half; second vein with 4 setae; clavus with 5 veinal and 1 discal setae. Prosternal basantra weakly sclerotised, ferna curved forwards medially, with barb-like projections near middle; meso- and metafurca without spinula (Fig. 17). Abdominal tergite I with strong transverse lines; terga II–VIII smooth, posterior margins with broad unlobed craspedum; median setae on II–VIII small, shorter than S2; paired CPS on I–VII close to posterior margin; VIII with paired CPS in the middle of tergite; IX with two pairs of CPS; X with median split incomplete (Fig. 15). Sternites II–VII with broadly lobed craspedum, sternite VII with S1 setae slightly in front of posterior margin and shorter than S2 setae (Fig. 19). Ovipositor long, extending beyond posterior margin of tergite X. Measurements (holotype female in microns). Body length 1382. Head, length 72; width across eyes 115. Pronotum, length 200; maximum width 173. Fore wing length 727. Antennal length 236; segments III–VIII length 36, 37, 36, 40, 8, 11. Male macroptera. Body smaller than female, abdominal tergite X brown, anterior half slightly pale; apex of mouth cone and lateral part of thorax slightly brown (Fig. 14). Fore tibia ventral apical margin bearing two small tubercles (Fig. 20). Mesosternum lateral margins with a stout, shaded seta and a long thorn-like seta (Fig. 17). Abdominal tergite I completely sculptured with transverse anastomosing lines, tergites II–VIII laterally with irregular lines; IX with some tubercles; X with irregular reticulate lines; craspedum absent on tergite I, present on tergites II–VI and with complete row of strong teeth, VII–VIII toothed laterally but median area smooth (Fig. 18); sternites without pore plate. Measurements (Paratype male in microns). Body length 1201. Head length 56; width across cheeks 113. Pronotum, length 186; maximum width 165. Fore wing length 610. Antenna length 232; antennal segments III–VIII length: 34, 38, 40, 38, 6, 12. Specimens studied. Holotype female, China, Yunnan, Xishuangbanna City, Bubeng County, from Elaeocarpus decipiens [Elaeocarpaceae], 24.iii.2021 (Zhuo-cheng Liu). Paratypes: 3 males same data as holotype. 1male from rubber and 1 male from bamboo, Jinghong City, Nabanhe National Nature Reserve, 10.iii.2017 (Hong-rui Zhang & Ya-jin Li). Etymology. The species is named after the place where it was collected. Comments. This new species is closely related to R. nemunoki, with ocellar setae I represented by a single seta, ocellar setae III at tangent of anterior margin of hind ocelli, prosternal ferna with barb-like projections near middle. However, this new species can be distinguished by the following character states: the pronotum surface is smooth except for a few faint transverse lines near the posterior margin, the fore tibia ventral apical margin has two small tubercles, the end half of abdominal tergite X is dark brown and abdominal tergite II has three lateral marginal setae. It is also similar to aureus with the male mesosternum having a stout, shaded seta at the lateral margins, but in yunnanensis the male has abdominal tergite II with a toothed craspedum and female abdominal sternite VII S1 setae are clearly shorter than setae S2 (Fig. 19)., Published as part of Li, Yajin, Liu, Zhuocheng & Zhang, Hongrui, 2021, Rhamphothrips genus-group in China, with description of two new species and two new records (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), pp. 425-432 in Zootaxa 5039 (3) on pages 430-431, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5039.3.7, http://zenodo.org/record/5511526

Thysanoptera is one of the most predominant order of insects in different ecological zones with worldwide distribution. Due to their small size there is a big gap in their distribution and host range data. To the best of our knowledge there is no investigation on thrips distribu+tion and host range in Xishuangbanna. Currently, a total 566 species in 155 genera are listed in China, of which 313 species represent Terebrantia. In this study, a list of 115 species representing 54 genera within 2 families (Aeolothripidae & Thripidae) is provided.Two of these, Dichromomothrips nakahari Moud, 1976 (Subfamily: Thripinae) and Phibalothrips rugosus Kudo, 1979 (Subfamily: Panchaetothripinae) are newly recorded in China. Thrips species with their host ranges, habits, and habitats are provided. Our study will contribute to the global biodiversity distribution data-gap of Thysanoptera.

Astrothrips glanduculus sp.n. (Figs 1–4, 8, 14, 15, 22, 23, 24) Female macroptera. Body dark brown (Fig. 1), with abdominal segments VIII–X slightly paler; all femora brown; fore tibiae and tarsi golden yellow; middle tibiae golden yellow at base and apex but dark brown medially; hind tibiae and tarsi yellow; antennal segments golden yellow (Fig. 24); fore wings with base golden yellow, with submedian and sub-apical dark bands, apex pale yellow, setae on pale parts light yellow (Fig. 23); clavus brown with apex slightly paler. Head with complete flange on cheeks, anterior margin of head covered by a flange of raised sculpture (Fig. 15). Cheeks narrowing to base then sharply constricted, ocellar hump developed, over-reaching frontal costa when head is titled forwards; posterior dorsum with some reticles arranged in 5 rows; vertex with about 11 large reticles across posterior dorsum of head in a crescentic series. Ocellar region strongly elevated; postocellar setae II and III present, setae III longer than setae II. Antennae without microtrichia, apparently 7-segmented (Fig. 24), suture sometimes weakly developed between morphological VI and VII; III–IV with sense cone simple, III with basal neck much longer than apical; long sense cone on VI not surpassing apex of antennae. Pronotum (Fig. 15) wider than long, anterior half with raised sculpture, posterior half weakly reticulate; posteromarginal apodeme forming a thick ridge, with a margin of raised sculpture, sometimes a dark brown bridge present across the middle defining a rectangle on the posterior half of the pronotum (Fig. 14); anterior and posterior marginal setae small, lateral and posterior discal setae fusiform. Anterior and posterior margin of mesoscutum notched along mid-line, length of median part as long as the length of combined notched portion (Fig. 22). Two pairs of median setae well developed, the inner pair about 1.5 times longer than the outer pair, not lying in the same level, the inner pair situated anterior to the outer pair. Metascutal triangle distinctly formed, uniformly reticulate, with a thick heavy median longitudinal ridge of sculpture, posterior process stout with a broad transverse apical fork; median setae on posterior half, metanotal campaniform sensilla present; metascutellum almost smooth (Fig. 22). Fore wing (Fig. 23) bearing stout setae, costal setae shorter than costal cilia; posteromarginal cilia wavy; costa with 16–18 setae, first vein with 11–15 setae and second vein with 8–11 setae; clavus with 5 marginal setae, discal setae absent. Abdominal tergite I with weak, irregular transverse reticulations; tergite II with anterior margin strongly constricted, and anterolaterally with a group of prominent strongly recurved microtrichia; tergites III–VII with transverse reticulation on anterior half and laterotergites, anterior margin with a thick costal line (Fig. 8); VIII with no posteromarginal comb; X divided longitudinally. Both sternites and tergites with craspedum on posterior margin; sternites II–VII with weak reticulations and three pairs of posteromarginal setae, except for S1 and S2 on sternite VII, all the setae are situated in front of posterior margin. Measurements (holotype female in microns). Body length 1375. Head, length 150; width across eyes 210. Pronotum, length 119; maximum width 221. Fore wing length 870. Antennal segments III–VII length 70, 55, 41, 21, 30. Male macroptera. Similar to but paler than female (Fig. 2); color of abdominal tergites changes from brown to golden yellow, segments I–II darkest, tergite X most pale; fore wing with a dark band sub-medially, sometimes the sub-apical dark band paler or absent.Abdominal tergite IX with three pairs of setae, S1 and S2 are almost situated in a line, S3 setae situated behind S1 and S2 (Fig. 3); sternites IV or V–VII with a pore plate on posterior half each of which is no more than 10 microns in diameter (Fig. 4); this minute pore plate varies in shape from transverse (10x4 microns) to sub-circular (4 microns). Measurements (paratype male in microns). Body length 1281. Head, length 113; width across eyes 166. Pronotum, length 111; maximum width 178. Fore wing length 713. Antennal segments III–VII length 64, 46, 37, 19, 34. Material studied. Holotype female: CHINA, Yunnan Province, Wuding County, Chuxiong Prefecture, Lion Mountain (25°32′N, 102°22′ E), from fern, 25.x.2016 (Zhang Hong-Rui & Li Ya-Jin), in collection of Yunnan Ag- ricultural University, Kunming. Paratypes: 17 females, 10 males, same data with holotype. Lion Mountain, 1 female from Pleioblastus maculatus, 1 female from Quercus sp., 2 females, unknown, 15.iv.2015; Pingbian County, Dawei Mountain, 1 female from Loropetalum chinense, 1 female from Gardneria multiflora, 1 female from Acer fabri, 3.viii.2017 (Li Ya-jin) (YNAU). 2 females, 1 male, same data with holotype; 2 females from fern, 1 male, unknown, 25.x.2016; 1 male from Gahnia, 16.v.2018 (Li Ya-jin) (ANIC). Etymology. The specific name glanduculus is in reference to the minute pore plate on the abdominal sternites of males. Comments. Based on the keys, comments and illustrations provided by Bhatti (1968) and Wilson (1975) this new species is similar to lantana, a species known only from two females taken in central India. The antennae of the new species are closely similar to the available illustration of lantana, but the latter is illustrated as having the pronotum evenly reticulate across the entire surface, in contrast to the transverse band without reticulation in glanduculus (Figs 14, 15). Moreover, the ocellar hump of glanduculus is much greater than that illustrated for lantana. The transverse band on the posterior third of the pronotum varies in shape (Figs 14, 15), but the submarginal ridge extends fully across the pronotal posterior margin. Males of Astrothrips species usually have V- or U-shaped sternal pore plates, but glanduculus is the first species to be described as having a minute circular pore plate on some of these sternites.

Astrothrips asiaticus (Bhatti) (Fig. 16) Most Astrothrips species have two or three of the distal antennal segments fused, but in asiaticus and strasseni all eight antennal segments are clearly separated. This species has 8-segmented antennae with the sense cone on segments III–IV simple, and the male with U-shaped sternal pore plates. It was described originally (Bhatti 1967) in a monobasic genus, Sempothrips but was subsequently transferred to Astrothrips by Wilson (1975). Previously known only from western India, this species is here newly recorded from China. Material studied. CHINA, Yunnan Province, Xishuangbanna, tropical botanical garden (26°05'53"N, 102°15'37"E), 2 females from Pronephrium sp., 8 females from Sarcandra glabra, 1 female from Ipomoea batatas, 11.iii.2017; 4 females, 1male from Mycetia gracilis, 1.viii.202; Mengla County, Bubeng Village, 3 females, 2 males, unknown, 2 females from grasses, 27.v.2018; Menglun Town, 4 females, 3 males, from Asystasia gangetica, 2.vi.2018; Nabanhe National Nature Reserve, 1 female from Ipomoea batatas; Mansha Village, Jinghong Industrial Park Management Committee, 2 females from Ipomoea sp., 10.iii.2017; Kunming, Kunming arboretum, 2 females, from bamboo, 28.x.2018. Sichuan Province, Chengdu City, 2 females from grasses, 3.x.2016, (specimens all collected by Li Ya-jin); Hainan Province, Haikou Geopark, 2 males from Serissa foetida, 8.x.2018 (Xie Yan-lan) (YNAU)., Published as part of Li, Yajin, Mound, Laurence A., Xie, Yanlan & Zhang, Hongrui, 2021, Species of Astrothrips from China, with one new species and a list of plant associations (Thysanoptera, Panchaetothripinae), pp. 267-277 in Zootaxa 4920 (2) on page 270, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4920.2.7, http://zenodo.org/record/4475264, {"references":["Bhatti, J. S. (1967) Thysanoptera nova Indica. Published by the author, Delhi, 24 pp.","Wilson, T. H. (1975) A monograph of the subfamily Panchaetothripinae (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, 23, 1 - 354."]}

Astrothrips tumiceps Karny (Figs 13, 21) Described from Java, Indonesia, this species is recorded widely across Southeast Asia from India to Japan and northern Australia (Rachana et al. 2019). It is here recorded in China for the first time. The anterior half of the mesonotum in this species is clearly divided into two by a deep notch (Fig. 21). Antennal segments III–IV of males have the sense cone forked but in female these sense cones are simple (Kudo 1995). Material studied. CHINA, Yunnan Province, Xishuangbanna tropical botanical garden, 4 females and 1 male from Moringa oleifera, 1 female from Ficus championii, 1 female from Sarcandra glabra, 11.iii.2017 (Zhang Hong-rui, Li Ya-jin)., Published as part of Li, Yajin, Mound, Laurence A., Xie, Yanlan & Zhang, Hongrui, 2021, Species of Astrothrips from China, with one new species and a list of plant associations (Thysanoptera, Panchaetothripinae), pp. 267-277 in Zootaxa 4920 (2) on page 276, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4920.2.7, http://zenodo.org/record/4475264, {"references":["Rachana, R. R., Mound, L. A. & Rayar, S. G. (2019) Tryphactothripini of India (Thysanoptera, Thripidae, Panchaetothripinae), with identification keys and a new record of Opimothrips. ZooKey s, 884, 43 - 52. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 884.39500","Kudo, I. (1995) Some Panchaetothripinae from Nepal, Malaysia and the Philippines (Thysanoptera: Terebrantia: Thripidae). Insecta matsumurana, 52, 81 - 103. [http: // eprints. lib. hokudai. ac. jp / dspace / bitstream / 2115 / 9875 / 1 / 52]"]}

Astrothrips strasseni Kudo (Figs 12, 17, 26) Described originally from bamboo in Myanmar (Kudo 1979), this species was subsequently recorded from Orchidaceae in China, Yunnan, Xishuangbanna (Zhang &Tong 1993), where recently another four specimens were collected from an unknown plant. This species is readily recognized among Astrothrips species by the 8-segmented antennae with segments III–IV having the sense cone forked. Material studied. CHINA, Yunnan Province, Menghai County, Man ’ gao Village, 3 females, unknown plant, 16.v.2019 (Xie Yan-lan) (YNAU), 1 female with same data is deposited in ANIC., Published as part of Li, Yajin, Mound, Laurence A., Xie, Yanlan & Zhang, Hongrui, 2021, Species of Astrothrips from China, with one new species and a list of plant associations (Thysanoptera, Panchaetothripinae), pp. 267-277 in Zootaxa 4920 (2) on page 276, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4920.2.7, http://zenodo.org/record/4475264, {"references":["Kudo, I. (1979) Some Panchaetothripine Thysanoptera from Southeast Asia. Oriental Insects, 13, 345 - 355. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00305316.1979.10433628","Zhang, W. Q. & Tong, X. L. (1993) Notes on some Panchaetothripinae species from Xishuangbanna, with description of a new species (Thripidae: Thysanoptera). Journal of South China Agricultural University, 14 (2), 51 - 54."]}

Astrothrips globiceps (Karny) (Figs 5, 6, 10) Described from the island of New Britain, Papua New Guinea (Karny 1913), this species is recorded widely across southeast Asia from India to Japan and the Philippines (Rachana et al. 2019). However, the identity of globiceps has been difficult to establish, due to confusion created by Wilson (1975) in placing the species twice in his key to species, but without comment or explanation in his main text. It was keyed as either having, or as not having, a submarginal ridge near the pronotal posterior margin. Photographs of the pronotum of Karny’s original specimen have been studied, and globiceps is now diagnosed as having a small transverse ridge that extends across only the median third of the pronotal posterior submargin (Rachana et al. 2019). These authors also referred to a male from Timor Leste as having U-shaped sternal pore plates (Fig. 5), and this condition is here confirmed by the specimens listed below that newly record globiceps from Southern China in Hainan and Yunnan Provinces. Material studied. CHINA, Hainan Province, Haikou City, Jinniuling, 1 female from Syngonium podophyllum, 3.x.2018 (Xie Yan-lan); Haikou Airport, 7 females from Ipomoea batatas, 24.xii.2014 (Zhang Hong-rui), 3 females, 1 male from Ficus sp., 1 female, 3 males from Acalypha australis, 3.x.2018 (Xie Yan-lan); Xinglong County, Tropical Flower Garden, 3 females, 5 males from Clerodendrum cyrtophyllum, 6 females from Canavalia gladiata, 4 females from grasses, 5.x.2018 (Xie Yan-lan) (YNAU). Haikou Airport, 1 male from Ipomoea batatas, 24.xii.2014 (Zhang Hong-rui); Danzhou, 1 female, 1 male from Alternanthera sessilis, 24.vi.2018 (Xie Yan-lan) (ANIC). Yunnan Province, Mengla County, Xishuangbanna tropical botanical garden, 3 females from Ophiopogon japonicas, and 1 male from Ipomoea batatas, 11.iii.2017 (Zhang Hong-rui) (YNAU). Xishuangbanna tropical botanical garden, 1 female from Ophiopogon japonicus, 11.iii.2017; 1 male from Ficus altissima, 24.x.2017; 1 female from Cordyline fruticosa, 1.viii.2018. (Li Ya-jin) (ANIC)., Published as part of Li, Yajin, Mound, Laurence A., Xie, Yanlan & Zhang, Hongrui, 2021, Species of Astrothrips from China, with one new species and a list of plant associations (Thysanoptera, Panchaetothripinae), pp. 267-277 in Zootaxa 4920 (2) on page 276, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4920.2.7, http://zenodo.org/record/4475264, {"references":["Karny, H. (1913) Beitrag zur Thysanopteren-Fauna von Neu-Guinea und Neu-Britannien. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 79, 123 - 136.","Rachana, R. R., Mound, L. A. & Rayar, S. G. (2019) Tryphactothripini of India (Thysanoptera, Thripidae, Panchaetothripinae), with identification keys and a new record of Opimothrips. ZooKey s, 884, 43 - 52. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 884.39500","Wilson, T. H. (1975) A monograph of the subfamily Panchaetothripinae (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, 23, 1 - 354."]}

Astrothrips aucubae Kurosawa (Figs 9, 19, 20) Kurosawa (1932) described this species from near Tokyo, Japan based on six females from Aucuba japonica. Wilson (1975) examined the type specimens, but the only slide labelled as a male contained only a crushed head. The male of this species is therefore described here for the first time. It is similar to the female in having a simple sense cone on each of antennal segments III–IV. Kurosawa interpreted the original specimens as having only five segments, but the illustration he provided is remarkably similar to the drawing of the antenna of aucubae by Kudo (1992) who interpreted this species as having six (and rarely seven) antennal segments. Wilson (1975) states that aucubae has seven antennal segments. In the specimens listed below from China the base of antennal segment VI is clearly narrower than the apex of segment V. However, the suture medially across segment VI varies from complete (thus producing a 7-segmented condition) to incomplete or even absence. However, specimens showing this variation are sometimes taken together, and one female has been studied with seven segments on one antenna but six on the other. Male macroptera. Smaller and paler than the female; head and pronotum brown, mesonotum, metanotum and abdominal segment I dark brown, segments II–X golden yellow. Antennal segments III–IV with sense cone simple; abdominal tergite IX with three pairs of setae not in a transverse row; sternites without pore plate. Material studied. CHINA, Yunnan Province. Xishuangbanna, Nabanhe National Nature Reserve, 9 females, 1 male from Ipomoea batatas, 3 females, 1 female from Poaceae, 1 male from Ricinus communis, 2 females from Alchornea, 10.iii.2017 (Zhang Hong-rui); 4 females from Fabaceae, 2 females from Canarium pimela, 22.x.2017 (Zhang Hong-rui); Xishuangbanna tropical botanical garden, 2 females from Pronephrium sp., 2 females from Aporusa sp., 10.iii.2017 (Zhang Hong-rui); 4 females from Acalypha wilkesiana, 1 male from Cordyline fruticosa, 2.viii.2018 (Hui Liu); Mengla County, Bubeng Village, 2 females from Pueraria, 27.v.2018 (Li Ya-jin); 2 females from Theaceae, 10-15.iv.1987 (Zhang Weiqiu). Simao, 1 female from Cinnamomum camphora, 10.iv.1987 (Zhang Weiqiu) (ANIC). Wenshan, Malipo County, 4 females from Eupatorium adenophora, 21.v.2018; 3 females from Brucea javanica, 20.v.2018 (Liu Hui); Xihua Park, 3 females from Glochidion hirsutum, 19.v.2018; Yanshan County, 1 female from Lindera aggregata, 22.v.2018; Ma guan county, 1 female from Corylus heterophylla, 20.v.2018; Xichou County, 1 female from Dodonaea viscosa, 21.v.2018 (Li Ya-jin). Yuxi City, Tianzi Mt., 2 females from Acronychia pedunculata, 12.v.2017 (Li Ya-jin). Honghe, Puxiong forest, 2 females from Caryota maxima, 21.v.2017; Pingbian Dawei Mt., 1 female from Laurocerasus zippeliana, 13.x.2017. Pu 'er City, Meizihe Park, 1 female from Miscanthus floridulus, 5.viii.2018 (Li Ya-jin). Guizhou Province, Zheng’an County, Yangxi Town, 2 females from Rhus chinensis, 2 females from Amorphophallus sp., 15.viii.2016 (Yan Xue-qiang); Nine channel water Forest Park, 2 females from Sechium edule, 17.viii.2016 (Yan Xue-qiang). Liupanshui City, Weishe County, 2 females from Lithocarpus corneus, 11.ix.2017 (Kong Bo). Danzhai County, Cat nose ridge Forest Park, 2 females from Brassica rapa, 23.viii.2016 (Yan Xue-qiang), 1 female from Litsea pungens, 3 females from Stachyurus chinensis, 5.viii.2017 (Li Yajin). Anlong County, Xianheping National Forest Park, 2 females from Tephrosia candida, 3 females from Alangium chinense, 31.viii.2016 (Yan Xue-qiang); 1 female from Viburnum chinshanense, 1 female from Paliurus hemsleyanus, 1 female from Globba racemosa, 10.ix.2017 (Li Ya-jin); 1 female from Lindera megaphylla, 1 female from Helicia reticulata, 1 female from Fallopia multiflora, 10.ix.2017 (Kong Bo). Fanjing Mt Reserve, 1 female from Ampelopsis cantoniensis, 2 females from Aristolochia kaempferi, 10.viii.2017 (Zhang Hong-rui). Xingyi City, Wan feng lin, 1 female from Mallotus barbatus, 9.ix.2017 (Li Ya-jin); Xingyi, 1 female from Kadsura caulis, 18.viii.2018 (Li Yajin) (ANIC). Hainan Province, Jianfengling, 1 female from Brucea javanica, 27.vi.2018 (Xie Yanlan) (ANIC)., Published as part of Li, Yajin, Mound, Laurence A., Xie, Yanlan & Zhang, Hongrui, 2021, Species of Astrothrips from China, with one new species and a list of plant associations (Thysanoptera, Panchaetothripinae), pp. 267-277 in Zootaxa 4920 (2) on page 270, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4920.2.7, http://zenodo.org/record/4475264, {"references":["Kurosawa, M. (1932) Descriptions of three new thrips from Japan. Kontyu, 5, 230 - 242.","Wilson, T. H. (1975) A monograph of the subfamily Panchaetothripinae (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, 23, 1 - 354.","Kudo, I. (1992) Panchaetothripinae in Japan (Thysanoptera, Thripidae) 3. Monilothripini and Tryphactothripini. Japanese Journal of Entomology, 60, 467 - 482."]}

Astrothrips chisinliaoensis Chen (Figs 7, 11, 18, 25) Described from Taiwan Province, on Morus leaves (Chen 1980), this species was subsequently recorded from Malaysia (Kudo 1995) and is here recorded from Hainan and Yunnan Provinces of southern China. The apically expanded setae on tergite X (Fig. 7) are unique to A. chisinliaoensis among species of Astrothrips, but curiously are also found in the related Tryphactothripini species, Elixothrips brevisetis (Bagnall) (Kudo 1992). Material studied. CHINA, Yunnan Province, Xishuangbanna tropical botanical garden, 2 females from Pronephrium sp., 11.iii.2017 (Zhang Hong-rui, Li Ya-jin); 2 females from Lasiococca comberi, 31.v.2018 (Li Ya-jin) (YNAU); 1 female from Achyranthes bidentata, 26.v.2018 (Li Ya-jin) (ANIC). Hainan Province, Jianfengling, 3 females, 1 male from Brucea javanica, 27.vi.2018 (Xie Yan-lan); Haikou City, Jinniuling, 4 females, 3 males from Cinnamomum camphora, 1 female, 1 male from Hamelia sp., 3.x.2018 (Xie Yan-lan); Haikou Geopark, 3 females, unknown, 8.x.2018 (Xie Yan-lan) (YNAU)., Published as part of Li, Yajin, Mound, Laurence A., Xie, Yanlan & Zhang, Hongrui, 2021, Species of Astrothrips from China, with one new species and a list of plant associations (Thysanoptera, Panchaetothripinae), pp. 267-277 in Zootaxa 4920 (2) on page 271, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4920.2.7, http://zenodo.org/record/4475264, {"references":["Chen, L. S. (1980) Thrips associated with Mulberry plant (Morus sp.) in Taiwan. Proceedings of the National Science Council, Taiwan, 4, 169 - 182.","Kudo, I. (1995) Some Panchaetothripinae from Nepal, Malaysia and the Philippines (Thysanoptera: Terebrantia: Thripidae). Insecta matsumurana, 52, 81 - 103. [http: // eprints. lib. hokudai. ac. jp / dspace / bitstream / 2115 / 9875 / 1 / 52]","Kudo, I. (1992) Panchaetothripinae in Japan (Thysanoptera, Thripidae) 3. Monilothripini and Tryphactothripini. Japanese Journal of Entomology, 60, 467 - 482."]}

Astrothrips Karny Astrothrips Karny, 1921. Type species Heliothrips globiceps Karny. Head with raised reticulate sculpture, ocellar area sometimes elevated; maxillary palps 2-segmented. Antennae 8- segmented, but usually with the distal segments fused to produce only 5, 6 or 7 visible segments; sense cones on III and IV forked or simple. Pronotum with some reticulate sculpture. Mesoscutum usually with anterior notch. Tarsi 1-segmented. Fore wings banded, bearing stout veinal setae, costal setae shorter than costal cilia; posteromarginal cilia wavy. Abdominal tergite II with anterior margin strongly constricted, and anterolaterally with a group of prominent strongly recurved microtrichia; tergites III–VII with transverse reticulation; VIII with no posteromarginal comb; X divided longitudinally. Males frequently with pore plates on abdominal sternites (absent only in aucubae and tumiceps). Comments. The members of this genus are all from the Old World tropics, including northern Australia, and in structure they are similar to those of Anisopilothrips, Tryphactothrips and Elixothrips. However, of these three genera the species in the first two have distinctive sculptured areolae on the tergites and sternites (Wilson 1975), and the single species in Elixothrips has the mesonotum with a longitudinal division and the tenth abdominal tergite with a pair of capitate setae (Zhang et.al. 2020). Recent phylogenetical studies recovered a polytomy between Astrothrips and two other clades: Elixothrips + Anisopilothrips and Copidothrips + Panchaetothrips (Zhang et al. 2019). The first review of Astrothrips was provided by Stannard and Mitri (1962) with a key to females of four species. Bhatti (1968) subsequently provided a key to five species, and Wilson (1975) reviewed the genus and provided a key to ten species. Kûdo (1979) described A. strasseni from Southeast Asia, Chen (1980) described A. chisinliaoensis from Taiwan, and Rachana et al. (2019) published a key to six Astrothrips species known from India. The genus now comprises 12 species (Thrips Wiki 2020), with only three previously recorded from China (Mirab-balou et al. 2011; Zhang et al. 2020), Astrothrips aucubae, A. chisinliaoensis, and A. strasseni. However, four more Astrothrips species are here newly recorded from China of which one is newly described., Published as part of Li, Yajin, Mound, Laurence A., Xie, Yanlan & Zhang, Hongrui, 2021, Species of Astrothrips from China, with one new species and a list of plant associations (Thysanoptera, Panchaetothripinae), pp. 267-277 in Zootaxa 4920 (2) on page 269, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4920.2.7, http://zenodo.org/record/4475264, {"references":["Karny, H. (1921) Zur Systematik der Orthopteroiden Insekten Thysanoptera. Treubia, 1, 211 - 269.","Wilson, T. H. (1975) A monograph of the subfamily Panchaetothripinae (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, 23, 1 - 354.","Zhang S., Mound, L. A. & Feng, J. (2019) Morphological phylogeny of Thripidae (Thysanoptera: Terebrantia). Invertebrate Systematics, 33, 671 - 696. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / IS 19001","Stannard, L. J. & Mitri, T. J. (1962) Preliminary studies on the Tryphactothrips complex in which Anisopilothrips, Mesostenothrips and Elixothrips are erected as new genera (Thripidae: Heliothripinae). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 88, 183 - 224.","Bhatti, J. S. (1968) The Tryphactothrips complex in India, with a key to the world genera. Oriental Insects, 1, 139 - 191. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00305316.1967.10433858","Kudo, I. (1979) Some Panchaetothripine Thysanoptera from Southeast Asia. Oriental Insects, 13, 345 - 355. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00305316.1979.10433628","Chen, L. S. (1980) Thrips associated with Mulberry plant (Morus sp.) in Taiwan. Proceedings of the National Science Council, Taiwan, 4, 169 - 182.","Rachana, R. R., Mound, L. A. & Rayar, S. G. (2019) Tryphactothripini of India (Thysanoptera, Thripidae, Panchaetothripinae), with identification keys and a new record of Opimothrips. ZooKey s, 884, 43 - 52. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 884.39500","Zhang, S. M., Mound, L. A. & Hastings, A. (2020) Thysanoptera-Thripidae Chinensis. Thripidae Genera from China. Lucidcentral. org, Identic Pty Ltd,, Queensland. Available from: https: // keys. lucidcentral. org / keys / v 3 / thysanoptera _ chinensis / (accessed 8 September 2020)"]}

Key to species of Streothrips(adapted from Ng & Eow 2012)1. Fore wing with longitudinal dark marking in addition to one transverse dark band (Figs 1, 14).......... jianshuiensissp.n.-. Fore wing with only transverse dark markings.............................................................. 22. Fore wing largely dark, including wing apex............................................................ alaris-. Fore wing with transverse dark bands and apex pale.......................................................... 33. Female antennal segment IV with sensorium wider apically, 0.6 times as long as segment; sternite VI with one pair of discal setae laterally.................................................................................... arorai-. Female antennal segment IV with sensorium not wider apically, 0.4 times as long as segment; sternite VI without discal setae.............................................................................................. moundi, Published as part of Liu, Hui, Mound, Laurence & Zhang, Hongrui, 2020, Streothrips jianshuiensis sp. n., a tropical addition to the Aeolothripidae fauna of China (Thysanoptera), pp. 1-5 in Zootaxa 4819 (1) on page 2, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4819.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3955796, {"references":["Ng, Y. F. & Eow, L. X. (2012) A new species of Streothrips (Thysanoptera: Aeolothripidae) from Malaysia, with description of male and key to species. Zootaxa, 3181 (1), 58 - 62. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3181.1.4"]}

Streothrips jianshuiensis sp.n. Female macroptera. Body dark brown (Fig. 1); legs wholly dark brown except fore and middle tarsi paler; antennal segments I–II dark brown, III pale except apex brown, distal half of IV, also V–IX dark brown (Fig. 12); fore wing pale at base, a transverse dark brown band close to base, with two longitudinal dark brown bands around wing margins, wider along posterior margin than anterior margin (Fig. 14); clavus brown on anterior half. Head wider than long, with transverse striae behind ocellar area, especially close medially; about 4 pairs of interocellar setae, one pair stout; about 30 setae on postocellar area (Fig. 4); frontoclypeus with at most 12 pairs of setae, including 2 long pairs and with 1 stout pair beside eyes. Maxillary palps 3-segmented, segment II not subdivided. Antennae 9-segmented, antennal segments III–IV with linear sensorium, without internal markings, on III about 0.3–0.5 times as long as segment, on IV about 0.6 times as long as segment and curved distally, broadened at apex (Fig. 12). Anterior half of pronotum with transverse striae weak but posterior half clearly and closely striate, with about 80 discal setae and 3–4 pairs of posteromarginal setae (Fig. 5). Mesonotum closely striate (Fig. 8), campaniform sensilla (=CPS) absent. Metascutum with arcuate, close striae but transverse at anterior (Fig. 8), with pair of CPS medially, pair of small setae close to posterior. Abdominal tergite I broad, with transverse striae on anterior and sides, abdominal tergites II–VIII with transverse striae laterally; tergite I without CPS, II with pair of CPS behind median setae, III–VIII each with pair of CPS in front of median setae, IX with pair of CPS near posterior margin, X with pair of CPS far from posterior margin (Fig. 6). Sternites II–VII without discal setae, sternite II with 2 pairs of posteromarginal setae, III–IV with 3 pairs (Fig. 2), V–VII with 4 pairs (Fig. 3), VII with 2 pairs of accessory setae between S1 and S2.Measurements (holotype in microns). Body length 1900. Head length 180; width 216. Pronotum 173; width 276. Fore wing length 878; median width 120. Antennal segments I–IX length (median width): 32(37); 57(27); 108(23); 106(22); 58(24); 13(18); 9(12); 11(7); 11(5). Male: unknown. Specimens studied. Holotype female, CHINA, Yunnan Province,Jianshui County, Swallow Cave(23°63'84"N, 103°05'78"E), on flowers of Buddleja officinalis [Loganiaceae], 2.iv.2019 (Xie Yanlan), in collection of Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming. Paratypes: 1 female, same data as holotype; 1 female, same locality, on flowers of Carissa spinarum [Apocynaceae], 26.iv.2019 (Liu Hui). Etymology. This species named after the collecting place. Comments: This new species is distinguished from the other three species of Streothrips by the fore wings having longitudinal dark brown bands along the anterior and posterior margins, and antennal segments I–II as brown as the head. The three previously described species, alaris, arorai and moundi all have different markings on the fore wings, and the basal antennal segments pale (Ng & Eow 2012). The diversity of colour patterns on the fore wing among the members of this genus is interesting. Similar variation, including colouring of the wing margins, occurs amongst species of Franklinothrips (Mound & Reynaud 2005), whereas most of the 112 species of Aeolothrips have only transverse banding patterns (Alavi & Minaei 2018)., Published as part of Liu, Hui, Mound, Laurence & Zhang, Hongrui, 2020, Streothrips jianshuiensis sp. n., a tropical addition to the Aeolothripidae fauna of China (Thysanoptera), pp. 1-5 in Zootaxa 4819 (1) on pages 2-5, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4819.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3955796, {"references":["Ng, Y. F. & Eow, L. X. (2012) A new species of Streothrips (Thysanoptera: Aeolothripidae) from Malaysia, with description of male and key to species. Zootaxa, 3181 (1), 58 - 62. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3181.1.4","Mound, L. A. & Reynaud, P. (2005) Franklinothrips; a pantropical Thysanoptera genus of ant-mimicking obligate predators (Aeolothripidae). Zootaxa, 864, 1 - 16. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 864.1.1","Alavi, J. & Minaei, K. (2018) Studies on the genus Aeolothrips (Thysanoptera: Aeolothripidae) in Iran, with a key to species. Zootaxa, 4446 (3), 343 - 360. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4446.3.3"]}

Key to genera of Aeolothripidae in China1. Fore wings racquet-shaped (Fig. 10); head and pronotum with long setae (Fig. 7); antennal segments moniliform (Fig. 11)............................................................................................ Mymarothrips-. Fore wings not broadened distally (Fig. 14), sometimes micropterous; head and pronotum without long setae or with only 1 pair; at least antennal segments III–IV longer than wide....................................................... 22. Antennal segments III–IV exceptionally long, III at least 8 times as long as wide (Fig. 13); metanotum smooth................................................................................................... Franklinothrips-. Antennal segments III–IV not exceptionally long, III no more than 4 times as long as wide; metanotum with sculpture..... 33. Antennal segments III–IV each with transverse sensorium at apex; pronotum with 1 pair of long posteroangular setae; abdominal sternites with discal setae laterally.......................................................... Rhipidothrips-. Antennal segments III–IV each with sensorium linear (Fig. 12); pronotum without long setae; abdominal sternites without discal setae............................................................................................ 44. Mesonotum with sparse striae, metanotum with equiangular reticulation (Fig. 9)........................... Aeolothrips-. Meso and metanotum closely striate, metanotum with striae arched around anterior margin (Fig. 8)............ Streothrips, Published as part of Liu, Hui, Mound, Laurence & Zhang, Hongrui, 2020, Streothrips jianshuiensis sp. n., a tropical addition to the Aeolothripidae fauna of China (Thysanoptera), pp. 1-5 in Zootaxa 4819 (1) on page 1, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4819.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3955796

Key to Allothrips species from Southeast Asia [* Based on original descriptions] 1. Head laterally with many small capitate setae (Fig. 7) [USA, Taiwan]................................... nubillicauda -. Head laterally with small acutely pointed setae (Fig. 8)....................................................... 2 2. Head uniformly covered with strong reticulate sculpture; abdominal segments II���VIII brown but head, thorax and abdominal segments IX���X yellow [Taiwan].................................................................. taiwanus * -. No more than posterior third of head with reticulate sculpture; body colour different................................ 3 3. Head with mid-dorsal setae arising on posterior half of head, far posterior to postocular setae, and usually capitate........ 4 -. Head with mid-dorsal setae arising on anterior half of head, between or a little posterior to a line joining the bases of the postocular setae, usually small and acute (Figs 1, 8)............................................................. 5 4. Postocular setae longer than dorsal length of compound eyes; mid-dorsal head setae small and acute; antennal segments II���III each with 2 capitate setae [Thailand]................................................................ magnus * -. Postocular setae shorter than dorsal length of compound eyes; mid-dorsal setae strong and capitate; antennal segments II���IV each with 2 capitate setae [Thailand]............................................................... expansus * 5. Head with lateral postocular setae capitate (Fig. 8); mesonotum of apterae with three pairs of capitate setae, two laterally and one sub-median; pelta anterior third with no sculpture; tergite IX setae S2 as capitate as setae S1; tube less than 1.8 times as long as basal width; tergite IX almost as brown as VIII; legs yellow but femora washed with light brown [Brazil, Hawaii, Japan]............................................................................................. brasilianus - Head with lateral postocular setae pointed (Fig. 1); mesonotum of apterae usually with only the lateral pairs of setae capitate; pelta anterior third reticulate (Fig. 3); tergite IX setae S2 bluntly pointed to weakly capitate, in contrast to strongly capitate setae S1; tube 2.0 times as long as basal width; tergite IX yellow in contrast to VIII (Fig. 4); legs uniformly light brown [Yunnan]....................................................................................... yunnanensis sp.n., Published as part of Mound, Laurence, Li, Yajin & Zhang, Hongrui, 2020, Species of the genus Allothrips (Thysanoptera, Idolothripinae) from Southeast Asia, with one new species from Yunnan, China, pp. 593-595 in Zootaxa 4732 (4) on page 593, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4732.4.10, http://zenodo.org/record/3667312

Allothrips yunnanensis sp.n. (Figs 1���6) Female aptera. Body legs and antennae brown with head and antennal segment III paler than the abdomen; abdominal segment IX yellow (Fig. 4), tube golden with grey terminal ring; major setae pale. Head projecting in front of eyes, with genae weakly concave, bearing small fine setae (Fig. 1); postocular setae long and capitate; postocellar setae shorter and capitate; mid-dorsal setae small and finely pointed, arising just posterior to a line between the bases of the postoculars; ocelli usually small; vertex without sculpture except reticulation on posterior third and in ocellar region; eyes ventrally with less than 10 facets, dorsally with at least 15 of which three posterolaterally are unusually large; maxillary stylets broad, retracted almost to level of eyes and less than one third of head width apart medially; maxillary palp segment II long with prominent terminal sensorium. Antennae 7-segmented (Fig. 2); setae pointed, except 2 pairs on II with apices blunt; 2 slender sense cones on each of III���V. Pronotum with 5 pairs of weakly capitate major setae; surface strongly reticulate only near posterior margin; notopleural sutures complete. Fore tarsus with no tooth. Prosternal basantra not developed although several chitinous islets are sometimes close together but not forming a discrete sclerite; ferna almost meeting medially; mesopresternum slender medially. Mesonotum reticulate, strongly transverse (Fig. 3), with 2 pairs of capitate setae laterally; marginal setae usually pointed, median marginal setae rarely weakly capitate. Metanotum reticulate, median setal pair wide apart, weakly capitate. Pelta almost complete across anterior margin of tergite II (Fig. 3), anterior third reticulate but less strongly so than posterior area. Tergites II���VII reticulate on anterior half, with transverse row of small fine setae, posterior margins with 2 pairs of capitate major setae; tergite IX setae S1 capitate, S2 pointed; tube almost twice as long as IX. Sternites II���VII with median transverse row of small fine setae, posteromarginal median setae long and pointed. Measurements (holotype in microns). Body length 2250. Head, length 250; maximum width 215; postocular setae 65; postocellar setae 30. Pronotum, length 150; width 280; major setae, anteromarginal 40, anteroangular 35, midlateral 50, epimeral 50, posteroangular 45. Tergite IX setae S1 80; setae S2 90. Tube length 180. Antennal segments III���VII length 70, 50, 50, 50, 70. Female macroptera [only de-alates available]. Similar to aptera in colour and structure, including the number of compound eye facets, but differing in: ocelli well developed; meso and metanotum less transverse (Fig. 5); fore wing with 3 capitate sub-basal setae arranged in a triangle; tergites IV���VII (Fig. 6) each with one pair of weakly sigmoid wing-retaining setae (II���III with this pair of setae minute and straight). Male aptera. Similar to female aptera except: compound eyes with about 8 facets dorsally and 4 ventrally; ocelli absent; fore tarsal tooth present; large male with fore femora swollen and tarsal tooth almost as long as tarsal width; sternites without pore plates. Measurements (large paratype male in microns). Body length 2100. Head length 230. Tube length 175. Specimens studied. Holotype female aptera, CHINA, Yunnan, Kunming City, Arboretum, (N 25�� 08��� E 102�� 43���, 2006m asl), from leaf litter of Pinus yunnanensis, 10.iii.2011 (Jun Sun & Tao Li) in Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China. Paratypes, all from leaf litter and dead leaves at same site as holotype, between March and November 2011: 5 female apterae, 2 female macropterae collected with holotype; 3.iii.2011, 2 female apterae, 2 female macropterae from Magnolia denudata, 2 female apterae from Cinnamomum camphora; 21.iii.2011, 6 female apterae from Pinus yunnanensis; 25.iii.2011, 2 female apterae from Sabina chinensis; 14.iv.2011, 1 male aptera from Eucalyptus; 20.v.2011, 1 female aptera from Cinnamomum camphora, 2 female macropterae, 4 female apterae, 1 male aptera from Pinus yunnanensis; 14.vii.2011, 1 female macroptera from Pinus yunnanensis; 11.viii.2011, 1 female aptera, 1 female macroptera from Eucalyptus robusta; 2.x.2011, 25 female apterae from dead leaves; 25.xi.2011, 3 female apterae from Sabina chinensis. [all deposited in Yunnan Agricultural University Collection, Kunming, with 11 slides in Australian National Insect Collection, Canberra]. Comments. This new species shares with brasilianus the anterior position of the mid-dorsal setae on the head. However, in addition to the differences noted in the key above the number of facets in the compound eyes of female apterae is not smaller than in macropterae (cf. Okajima 2006: 51)., Published as part of Mound, Laurence, Li, Yajin & Zhang, Hongrui, 2020, Species of the genus Allothrips (Thysanoptera, Idolothripinae) from Southeast Asia, with one new species from Yunnan, China, pp. 593-595 in Zootaxa 4732 (4) on pages 594-595, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4732.4.10, http://zenodo.org/record/3667312, {"references":["Okajima, S. (2006) The Insects of Japan. Volume 2. The suborder Tubulifera (Thysanoptera). Touka Shobo Co Ltd., Fukuoka, 720 pp."]}

Mound, Laurence, Li, Yajin, Zhang, Hongrui (2020): Species of the genus Allothrips (Thysanoptera, Idolothripinae) from Southeast Asia, with one new species from Yunnan, China. Zootaxa 4732 (4): 593-595, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4732.4.10

Heliothrips longisensibilis sp. n. (Figs 1���10, 11, 13, 15) Female macroptera. Colour brown to dark brown (Fig. 1); legs completely pale yellow; antennal segment I brown, II dark brown, III���V and basal two-thirds of VI yellow, apical third of VI brown, VII���VIII light brown (Fig. 13); fore wing pale with extreme base and veins brown, clavus pale with base light brown (Fig. 10). Head sculptured with polygonal reticulation, slightly wider than long, anterior margin triangular, genae almost parallel but slightly concaved in the middle and constricted at base (Fig. 4). Ocellar region not elevated, fore ocellus depressed in sculpture, setae minute. Antennae 8-segmented, constricted base of III much longer than the base of IV and V; III and IV each bearing simple sense cones, with the slender dorsal sense cone on IV much longer and extending to the middle or even third apical of VI (Fig. 13); segment VIII much longer than VII; microtrichia absent. Mouth cone rounded apically, not extending beyond fore coxae, maxillary palps 2-segmented. Pronotum transversely rounded, entirely covered with reticulations, setae small, prospinasternum forked apically (Fig. 6). Mesoscutum with 4���5 narrow transverse rows of reticulation before median setae, almost rectangle (Fig. 11), posteromedian short cleft. Metascutum with median sculptured triangle, posterior flange present, reaching anterior margin of metascutellum. Fore wing widened at base and rounded at apex, costal vein fused to first longitudinal vein with costal vein bearing approximately 7 setae, first vein 11���14 setae, second vein sparse 5���7 setae, setae minute; posterior fringe cilia straight except several cilia near cross vein wavy. Tarsi 1-segmented. Abdominal tergites extensively reticulate, except submedian area of I���VII smooth, III���VIII with reticulations in front of antecostal ridge strongly developed (Fig. 5); tergite I with a pair of median setae arising anterior to reticulate area (Fig. 7), II���VIII median setae long and the base distance between them gradually wider on the posterior tergites, submedian setae close to campaniform sensilla (CPS); posterior margin of VIII with complete comb of long teeth (Fig. 15); IX with 3 pairs of thorn-like setae, equal in size and length to the setae on X, tergites IX and X with microtrichia posteriorly, X with a complete longitudinal split. Sternites completely reticulate and with 3 pairs of small setae situated in front of posterior margin. Ovipositor long and well developed. Measurements (holotype female in microns): Body length 1466. Head, length 165; width across genae 184. Pronotum, length 114; width 230. Fore wing length 600. Tergite V median setae length 32. Tergite VIII median setae length 45. Tergite IX length 135. Tergite X length 60. Antennal segments I���VIII length 20, 32, 62, 42, 38, 35, 12, 70; III simple sense cone length 25, IV dorsal sense cone length 69, ventral sense cone length 23. Male macroptera. Similar to female but smaller (Fig. 3). Body brown but with terminal abdominal segments paler (Fig.3). Abdominal tergite IX with three pairs of stout thorn-like setae and the base of anterior pair nearly contiguous, each posterior pair of setae slightly slender and lateral to preceding pair (Fig. 9). Sternites III���VII each with a transverse oblong pore plate (Fig. 8). Measurements (paratype male in microns): Body length 1138. Head, length 133; width across genae 165. Pronotum, length 101; width 212. Fore wing, length 600. Antennal segments I���VIII length 19, 30, 58, 37, 31, 29, 11, 62; III simple sense cone length 23, IV dorsal sense cone length 58, ventral sense cone length 20. Anterior pair of thorn-like setae on tergite IX length 19. Pore plate on sternite III length 95; width 14, on sternite VII length 59; width 14. Material studied. Holotype female, CHINA, Yunnan Province, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, from leaves of Tecoma stans, 24.x.2017 (Xie Yanlan & Liu Hui), in collection of Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming. Paratypes: 14 females with same data as holotype; same location, 1 female from Melastoma candidum, 11.iii.2017; 1 female from Fagopyrum dibotrys, 11.iii.2017; 1 female from Cerasus glandulosa, 11.iii.2017; 10 females from Ixora chiensis, 24.viii.2018; 1 female from Albizia julibrissin, 30.v.2018. CHINA, Hainan Province, Jianfengling National Forest Park, 11 females and 2 males from Lithocarpus corneus leaves, 27.vi.2018 (with about 10 female specimens preserved in alcohol). [1 female, 1 male deposited in Australian National Insect Collection] Molecular data. The DNA sequences were approximately 669 bp for COI, 620 bp for ITS 2, 380 bp for 28S rDNA and 189 bp for EF-1��, respectively, no pseudogene sequences were amplified. The neighbour-joining tree based on mitochondrial and concatenated nuclear datasets revealed that H. longisensibilis is well separated from H. haemorrhoidalis (Fig. 17). Ten individuals of H. longisensibilis clustered into one branch and all H. haemorrhoidalis from different populations formed another clade. The genetic divergences between H. longisensibilis and H. haemorrhoidalis were 12.7���13.6% for mitochondrial COI sequences, 19.1���19.6% for ITS 2 sequences, 3.8���4.4% for EF-1�� sequences, and 1.9% for the highly conserved 28S D3 domain sequences, respectively. After concatenating the three nuclear genes (ITS 2+28S+ EF-1��), genetic divergences between H. longisensibilis and H. haemorrhoidalis were 10.3���10.4%, supporting the hypothesis that these are distinct species., Published as part of Xie, Yanlan, Mound, Laurence A. & Zhang, Hongrui, 2019, A new species of Heliothrips (Thysanoptera, Panchaetothripinae), based on morphological and molecular data, pp. 143-150 in Zootaxa 4638 (1) on pages 145-149, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4638.1.8, http://zenodo.org/record/3335014

Xie, Yanlan, Mound, Laurence A., Zhang, Hongrui (2019): A new species of Heliothrips (Thysanoptera, Panchaetothripinae), based on morphological and molecular data. Zootaxa 4638 (1): 143-150, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4638.1.8

Noathrips prakashi Bhatti (Figs 1���10) The genus Noathrips was erected with prakashi as the type species, collected from herbage and Lantana leaves in India (Bhatti 1967). Subsequently, 1 female and 1 male of this species were collected in Sri Lanka from grasses (Kud�� 1979). The genus is closely related to Copidothrips but can be distinguished by one segmented tarsi and forked sense cones on antennal segments III and IV. Female macroptera. Body brown with terminal segments VIII���X paler (Fig. 1); antennal segments I���II yellow, segments III���V with base yellow and apex shaded, the base of VI yellow, apex of 3/4 shaded, VII and VIII brown (Fig. 7); fore wing brown with base, middle and apical areas pale (Fig. 10). Head sculptured with transverse reticulations, ocellar region slightly elevated; a tranverse ridge present (Fig. 3); postocular setae minute but setae IV well developed. Antennae 8-segmented, III and IV with sensorium short and forked. Pronotum completely reticulate, with the sculpture weakly raised, except for the triangle areas in the middle (Fig. 4); about 10���12 long discal setae present. Mesoscutum with short posteromedian cleft; metascutum with a strong triangle sculptured (Fig. 5). Metascutellum narrow. Abdominal tergites with median setae minute, tergite II with strong raised cuticles on lateral sides (Fig. 6), tergite X asymmetrical, median split complete (Fig. 8); sternites II���VII each with 3 pairs of long posteromarginal setae. Male macroptera. Similar to female, but smaller in size (Fig. 2). Abdominal sternites IV���VII each with U-shaped pore plate near anterior (Fig. 9). Specimen studied. CHINA, Guizhou, Jiangkou County, Fanjingshan National Nature Reserve, 6 females and 1 male from the leaves of Eurya nitida [Theaceae] 27.ix.2018 (Xie Yanlan); same locality, 2 females from Eurya muricata, 11.viii.2017 (Li Yajin); Hunan, Zhangjiajie City, Zhangjiajie National Forest Park, 1 male from grasses, 30.ix.2018 (Zhang Caihong), in collection of Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming; 1 female deposited in Australian National Insect Collection, Canberra., Published as part of Xie, Yanlan, Li, Yajin, Li, Zhengyue & Zhang, Hongrui, 2019, Two genera of Panchaetothripinae newly recorded from China, with first description of males of Opimothrips tubulatus (Thysanoptera, Thripidae), pp. 583-586 in Zootaxa 4567 (3) on page 583, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4567.3.10, http://zenodo.org/record/2599009, {"references":["Bhatti, J. S. (1967) The Tryphactothrips-complex in India, with a key to the world genera (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Oriental Insects, 1 (3 - 4), 139 - 191. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00305316.1967.10433858","Kudo, I. (1979) Some Panchaetothripine Thysanoptera from Southeast Asia. Oriental Insects, 13 (3 - 4), 345 - 355. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00305316.1979.10433628"]}

Opimothrips tubulatus Nonaka & Okajima (Figs 11–18) The monobasic Opimothrips was erected for tubulatus, based on a single female collected from grasses in Thailand (Nonaka & Okajima 1992). This species seems to be associated with grasses, as both sexes are recorded below from grasses in southern China. Opimothrips is close to Noathrips in having short forked sense cones on antennal segments III and IV, also bold fore wing veins, but is distinguished by raised sculpture on the pronotum, and the fore wing costal setae shorter than the anterior fringe cilia (Fig. 18). Male macroptera. Similar to female (Fig. 11), but smaller and slender. Body uniformly brown, with anterior of head and abdominal segments IX-X yellowish brown (Fig. 12); antennal segments I-II yellow, III-V with base half yellow and apex brown, VI-VIII brown (Fig. 13); fore wing brown with two small areas near the base and apex pale, veins and prominent setae brown (Fig. 18); fore legs yellow, middle and hind legs brown with base half of tibiae yellow, all tarsi yellow. Head much wider than long, covered with raised transverse reticulations; posterior with a thick transverse ridge (Fig. 14); ocellar region slightly elevated. Antennae 8-segmented (Fig. 13), the base of segments III–VI with pedicellate, III and IV with sense cones short and forked. Pronotum with transverse reticulations on anterior and posterior areas, two pairs of campaniform sensillae present in the middle (Fig. 14); Mesoscutum with short posteromedian cleft (Fig. 17); metascutum with elevated triangle sculptured; metathoracic endofurca Y-shaped and extending to the anterior margin of the metathorax. Metascutellum narrow, with some irregular striae. Abdominal tergite I with median pair of minute setae arising on reticulate area, uniformly reticulated, reticles on posterior median distinct with marginal teeth (Fig. 17); abdominal segment II strongly constricted and waist-like, laterally thirds with dense wart-like tubercles (Fig. 17); tergites III–VII each with antecostal line thick and with reticulations on laterally sides and anterior half; median setae small and well separated, CPS present; tergite IX with three pairs of bristle-like setae (Fig. 15), S1 and S2 setae almost subequal in length, but longer than S3 setae, CPS present anterior to S2; tergite X reticulate, with median split complete, and with two pairs of stout setae, CPS present. Sternites III–VII reticulated on lateral sides and anterior half, IV–VII with two small circular pore plates on anterior third (Fig. 16). Measurements in microns: Body length 865. Head, length 72; width across cheeks 154. Pronotum, length 66; width 174. Fore wing, length 418, width at middle 43. Antennal segments I–VIII length 16, 26, 59, 41, 31, 30, 10, 21. Abdominal tergite IX S1 setae length 58, S2 length 54, S3 length 40. Specimen studied. CHINA, Hainan, Wanning City, Xinglong Tropical Botanical Garden, 4 males, 8 females from Axonopus compressus [Poaceae] (with 6 males and 20 females specimens preserved in alcohol), 29.vi.2018 (Xie Yanlan & Liu Hui); 1 female deposited in Laboratory of Entomology, Tokoyo University of Agriculture, Atsugi, Japan; 1 female and 1 male in Australian National Insect Collection, Canberra; others in Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming.

Trichromothrips elegans Masumoto & Okajima (Figs 6, 7, 36, 42) Male macroptera. Body bicoloured (Fig. 7); Head dark brown; antennal segments I and II dark brown, III���VI yellowish white with apex light brown, VII light brown, VIII yellowish white. Pronotum with dark brown lateral stripes, median large triangular area yellowish white; fore wing uniformly dark brown with a small pale spot near base; all legs yellowish white. Abdominal segments I���III pale, IV or V���VII brown medially, VIII brown, IX dark brown; tergum X pale brown; abdominal tergite IX (Fig. 42) with a pair of posteromarginal drepanae; sternites III��� VIII each with scattered small pore plates. Specimens examined. China, Chongqing, Xiushan County, Fenghuangshan Forest Park, 5 females, 2 males from Oplismenus compositus, 7.viii.2017 (Yajin Li). Sichuan, Chengdu Botanic Garden, 2 females, 5 males from fern, 2.x.2016 (Hongrui Zhang & Yajin Li); Dujiangyan City, Dujiangyan Irrigation System, 5 female, 3 males from Murraya exotica, 4.x.2016 (Hongrui Zhang & Yajin Li). Guizhou, Daozhen County, Yangxi Town, 3 females from Machilus yunnanensis, 15.viii.2016 (Xueqiang Yan); Danzhai County, Maobilin Forest District, 3 females, 1 male from Hydrangea chinensis, 5.viii.2017 (Yajin Li); Tongren City, Fanjingshan National Nature Reserve, 2 females and 1 male from Rhododendron sp., 11.viii.2017 (YajinLi). Comments. Described from Japan, this species is reported here for the first time from China with the first description of the male. The females from China exhibit some variation with antennal segments III���VI yellowish white with apex brown. Otherwise, abdominal segment VIII bears two small setae in a transverse row in front of the posterior margin instead of in a straight line in front of the posteroangular setae., Published as part of Li, Yajin, Li, Zhengyue & Zhang, Hongrui, 2019, Trichromothrips genus-group (Thysanoptera, Thripidae) from China, with descriptions of three new species and ten new records, pp. 79-92 in Zootaxa 4544 (1) on page 83, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4544.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/2618149

Trachynotothrips brevispinis Masumoto & Okajima Specimens examined. China, Yunnan, Wenshan City, Xihua Park, 5 females from Glochidion hirsutum, 19.v.2018 (Caihong Zhang). Hainan, Haikou City, Haikou Volcanic Cluster Global Geopark, 4 females, 4 males from Aporosa chinensis, 8.x.2018 (Yanlan Xie)., Published as part of Li, Yajin, Li, Zhengyue & Zhang, Hongrui, 2019, Trichromothrips genus-group (Thysanoptera, Thripidae) from China, with descriptions of three new species and ten new records, pp. 79-92 in Zootaxa 4544 (1) on page 80, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4544.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/2618149

Trichromothrips antidesmae sp.n. (Figs 10, 27���30) Female macroptera. Body and legs yellow(Fig. 10), head and pronotum with dark lateral margin(Fig. 27); antennal segments I���II brown, III���V yellow with the apex brown, VI���VII brown, VIII pale brown(Fig. 30); fore wing brown with apex pale, clavus brown(Fig. 29). Head (Fig. 27) without constriction behind eyes; ocellar setae III situated at tangent of hind ocelli posterior margin; five pairs of postocular setae present, I longest, III minute. Antennae (Fig. 30) segments II���VI with microtrichia, VIII slightly longer than VII. Pronotum (Fig. 27) smooth with some transverse striae on lateral anterior margin and near posterior margin; two pairs of posteroangular setae and two pairs of posteromarginal setae present; prosternal ferna divided medially. Mesonotum (Fig. 27) anterior smooth with some transverse striate sculpture medially, CPS absent anteromedially; median pair of setae near posterior margin. Metascutum smooth medially but sculptured longitudinally at each side; CPS absent; median pair of setae close to anterior margin (Fig. 27). Metaepimeron with two setae. Mesosternum with sternopleural sutures; only mesothoracic endofurca present. Fore wing first vein usually have 6 basal setae and 2 distal setae, second vein with 14 setae; clavus usually with 4 marginal setae and 1 discal seta (Fig. 29). Abdominal tergites with transverse striae laterally, tergites II���VII with three setae (S3 to S5 setae) arranged in a straight line along lateral margin; tergite IX without CPS; sternites without discal setae, II with two pairs of posteromarginal setae, III���VII each with 3 pairs of posteromarginal setae, all marginal setae inserted on posterior margin. Measurements (holotype female in microns). Distended body length 1046. Head length 86, width across cheeks 128; width across eyes129; ocellar setae III length 20. Pronotum median length 89, width 161; posteroangular setae length, inner 52, outer 44; posteromarginal setae I length 24. Metascutum median setae length 18. Fore wings 673. Antennal segments I to VIII length as follows: 19, 29, 38, 55, 40, 49, 7, 14. Male macroptera. General structure and colour similar to female. Abdominal tergite IX with a pair of long posteromarginal drepanae; sternites without pore plates. Measurements (paratype male in microns). Distended body length 1034. Head length 130, width across cheeks 125; width across eyes123; ocellar setae III length 31. Pronotum median length 96, width 150; posteroangular setae length, inner 47, outer 43; posteromarginal setae I length 22. Metascutum median setae length 20. Fore wings 600. Antennal segments I to VIII length as follows: 20, 28, 46, 52, 37, 52, 9, 20. Specimens studied. Holotype female, CHINA, Yunnan, Menglun Town, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanic Garden, from Antidesma fordii, 24.x.2017 (Hui Liu), in collection of Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming. Paratype: 1male, same data as holotype. Etymology. In reference to the host plant of this species. Comments. The head and pronotum of this species with dark lateral margin is similar to bilongilineatus, priesneri and trachelospermi, but the meso-, metanotum and abdominal tergite IX without CPS, marginal setae situated on posterior margin on sternite VII are different from bilongilineatus. The two pairs of posteromarginal setae on sternite II, and the absence in males of sternal pore plates also distinguishes this species from the Indian species priesneri and Chinese species trachelospermi (Bhatti 2000, Zhang &Tong 1996). In addition, the presence of two microtrichial rows on the dorsal surface of antennal segment II is unusual among Trichromothrips species., Published as part of Li, Yajin, Li, Zhengyue & Zhang, Hongrui, 2019, Trichromothrips genus-group (Thysanoptera, Thripidae) from China, with descriptions of three new species and ten new records, pp. 79-92 in Zootaxa 4544 (1) on pages 81-82, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4544.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/2618149, {"references":["Bhatti, J. S. (2000) Revision of Trichromothrips and related genera (Terebrantia: Thripidae), Oriental Insects, 34 (1), 1 - 65. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00305316.2000.10417252","Zhang, W. Q. & Tong, X. L. (1996) A new species and some new records of Thripinae (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) from China. Entomotaxonomia, 18 (4), 253 - 256."]}

Trichromothrips assamensis Tyagi & Kumar (Fig. 11) Known previously only from three females taken on grasses in India (Tyagi et.al. 2017), five females of this species have recently been collected in China. These specimens exhibit some variation in body color, four of the five specimens have antennal segment I yellow, II brown and abdominal segments III–VII light brown. Specimens examined. China, Yunnan, Menglun Town, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanic Garden, 5 females from grasses, 24.x.2017 (YanlanXie).

Trichromothrips trifasciatus (Priesner) (Figs 8, 38, 45, 49) Most Trichromothrips species have the fore wing brown or apex paler, but this species has the fore wing with three shaded cross bands and was placed by Bhatti (2000) in the trifasciatus -section together with falcus and similis. It is recorded here for the first time in China, and differs from the other species in this section as follows: fore wing base not shaded along anterior margin (Fig. 45), basal half of antennal segments III���V yellow, and abdominal tergites with some light brown patches (Fig. 49). Specimen examined. China, Yunnan, Jinghong City, Nabanhe National Nature Reserve, 1 female from the leaves of Ipomoea batatas, 22.x.2017 (Yajin Li)., Published as part of Li, Yajin, Li, Zhengyue & Zhang, Hongrui, 2019, Trichromothrips genus-group (Thysanoptera, Thripidae) from China, with descriptions of three new species and ten new records, pp. 79-92 in Zootaxa 4544 (1) on page 85, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4544.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/2618149, {"references":["Bhatti, J. S. (2000) Revision of Trichromothrips and related genera (Terebrantia: Thripidae), Oriental Insects, 34 (1), 1 - 65. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00305316.2000.10417252"]}

Trichromoithrips moundi sp.n. (Figs 1,2, 13–21) Female macroptera. Body bicolored (Fig. 1); head, metanotum, abdominal segments II–III &VII brown; mesonotum and abdominal segment I light brown; pronotum and abdominal tergites IV–VI and VIII–X yellow; antennae brown, III pale, the apex of IV–VI also VII–VIII light brown (Fig. 20); fore wing brown with sub-basal, median and apex white, clavus brown (Fig. 21); all legs pale. Head longer than wide, slightly constricted just behind compound eyes; ocellar setae I absent, ocellar setae II sub-equal to setae III or sometimes slightly shorter than setae III, setae III situated at tangent of posterior margin of hind ocelli (Fig. 13); four pairs of postocular setae present. Compound eyes without pigmented ommatidia. Mouthcone short and rounded at apex with 3-segmented maxillary palpi. Antennae (Fig. 20) 8-segmented, segment I with two dorsal apical setae, III and IV each with forked sense cone, III–VI with microtrichia, VIII longer than VII. Pronotum (Fig. 13) distinctly sculptured with transverse striae, two small circular striae on posterior third; two pairs of posteroangular setae and two pairs of posteromarginal setae developed; Prosternal ferna not divided at middle. Mesonotum (Fig. 17) smooth at anterior, with transverse striate sculpture on posterior 2/3; median pair of setae near posterior margin. Metascutum (Fig. 17) transversely reticulate medially; campaniform sensilla absent; median pair of setae behind anterior margin. Both meso- and metasternal furca with spinula, slightly weak on metasternum; sternopleural sutures present. Fore wing first and second veins each with complete row of setae; clavus usually with 4–5marginal setae and 1–2discal setae; posteromarginal cilia wavy (Fig. 21). Tarsi 2- segmented. Abdominal tergites smooth, with a few striae on anterior half, posteromarginal craspeda and ctenidia absent; lateral area of tergites II–VIII with about 4–6 setae in a regular or irregular transverse row; tergites II–VII with three setae (S3 to S5 setae) arranged in a straight line along lateral margin (Figs 16, 18); tergite VIII without posteromarginal comb; tergite IX with posterior pair of CPS and SB2 setae absent; tergite X without median split; sternites without posteromarginal craspeda, sternite VII with two discal setae laterally in front of setae S2 and S3 (Fig. 19); sternites II–VII each with 3 pairs of posteromarginal setae in front of post margin(Fig. 19); laterotergites without discal setae. Measurements (holotype female in microns). Distended body length 1697. Head length 110, width across cheeks 149; width across eyes 127; ocellar setae III length 21. Pronotum median length 149, width 204; posteroangular setae length, inner 45, outer 43; posteromarginal setae I length 40. Metascutum median setae length 23. Fore wings 1054. Antennal segments I to VIII length as follows: 20, 34, 56, 51, 46, 64, 14, 20. Male macroptera. General structure and colour similar to female (Fig. 2). Abdominal tergite IX with a pair of long posteromarginal drepanae (Fig. 15); sternites III–VIII each with some scattered small pore plates, all posteromarginal setae situated on post margin, no discal setae present (Fig. 14). Measurements (paratype male in microns). Distended body length 1394. Head length 88, width across cheeks 134; width across eyes 105; ocellar setae III length 29. Pronotum median length 118, width, 175; posteroangular setae length, inner 42, outer 42; posteromarginal setae I length 40. Metascutum median setae length 15. Fore wings 881. Antennal segments I to VIII length as follows: 21, 28, 47, 44, 40, 56, 15, 18. Specimens studied. Holotype female, CHINA, Guizhou, Tongren City, Fanjingshan National Nature Reserve, from bamboo, 11.viii.2017 (YajinLi), in collection of Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming; Paratypes: 1 female, 1 male, same data as holotype. 1 male and 1 female deposited in Australian National Insect Collection, Canberra. Etymology. The species is in honor of Dr. Laurence Mound for his assistance and his excellent work on taxonomy of thrips. Comments. This new species differs from the other Trichromothrips species in having the fore wing with two complete rows of setae, and abdominal tergites II–VIII with about 4–6 setae in a regular or irregular transverse row. Otherwise, the female of T. moundi with two discal setae laterally on sternite VII can also be distinguished from caespitis section.

Trichromothrips crispator (Karny) (Figs 9, 37) Described from Indonesia, this species is here recorded in China for the first time. From other hospes -section species, this species differs in having the head without neck-like constriction, also the head and median parts of abdominal tergites II���VIII brown (Figs 9, 37). Specimens examined. China, Yunnan, Wuding County, Lion Mountain, 7 females from fern, 25.x.2016 (Yajin Li); Tonghai County, Xiushan Park, 3 females from Dryopteris sp., 22.v.2017 (Yajin Li); Dali City, Cang Mountain, 1 female from fern, 11.viii.2017 (Guihua Duan). Guizhou, Anlong County, Xianheping National Forest Park, 1 female from Lindera megaphylla, 10.ix.2017 (Kongbo)., Published as part of Li, Yajin, Li, Zhengyue & Zhang, Hongrui, 2019, Trichromothrips genus-group (Thysanoptera, Thripidae) from China, with descriptions of three new species and ten new records, pp. 79-92 in Zootaxa 4544 (1) on page 82, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4544.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/2618149