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1. The effects of catalysts on the conversion of organic matter and bio-fuel production in the microwave pyrolysis of sludge at different temperatures

Author

Xianghua Zhang, Xiaofei Huang, Rui Ma, Yang Zhou, Xuxin Zhao, Peixin Zhang, Shichang Sun, Lin Fang, Shenzhen Univerisity [Shenzhen], Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), This paper was supported by the China National Natural Science Foundation (50906058), the Natural Science Foundation of SZU (No. 827-000037), and the Shenzhen Science and Technology Planning Project (Grant Nos. JCYJ20150828113927076, JCYJ20130329113322731)., Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Environmental Engineering, Materials science, Hot Temperature, 020209 energy, Bio-fuel, Catalytic microwave pyrolysis, Bioengineering, 02 engineering and technology, Activation energy, 010501 environmental sciences, Fluid catalytic cracking, CaO catalyst, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Ferric Compounds, Sludge, Catalysis, [CHIM.GENI]Chemical Sciences/Chemical engineering, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Organic matter, Microwaves, Waste Management and Disposal, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, chemistry.chemical_classification, Waste management, Sewage, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Temperature, General Medicine, [CHIM.CATA]Chemical Sciences/Catalysis, Cracking, chemistry, Chemical engineering, 13. Climate action, Biofuel, Yield (chemistry), Biofuels, Pyrolysis, Fe(2)O(3) catalyst
Abstract

International audience; Adding catalyst could improve the yields and qualities of bio-gas and bio-oil, and realize the oriented production. Results showed that the catalytic gas-production capacities of CaO were higher than those of Fe2O3, and the bio-gas yield at 800°C reached a maximum of 35.1%. Because the polar cracking active sites of CaO reduced the activation energy of the pyrolysis reaction and resulted in high catalytic cracking efficiencies. In addition, the quality of bio-oil produced by CaO was superior to that by Fe2O3, although the bio-oil yield of CaO was relatively weak. The light bio-fuel oriented catalytic pyrolysis could be realized when adding different catalysts. At 800°C, CaO was 45% higher than Fe2O3 in aspect of H2 production while Fe2O3 was 103% higher than CaO in aspect of CH4 production. Therefore, CaO was more suitable for H2 production and Fe2O3 was more suitable for CH4 production.

Published
2017

2. Miscanthus: a fast-growing crop for biofuels and chemicals production

Author

Brosse, Nicolas, Dufour, Anthony, Meng, Xianzhi, Sun, Qining, Ragauskas, Arthur, Laboratoire d'Etude et de Recherche sur le Matériau Bois (LERMAB), Université de Lorraine (UL), Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés (LRGP), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biochem, Georgia Institute of Technology [Atlanta], and BioEnergy Science Center Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE Office of Science Institute of Paper Science & Technology (IPST) at Georgia Tech

Subjects
BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, fungi, X GIGANTEUS STRAW, food and beverages, lignin, Miscanthus, ENZYMATIC-HYDROLYSIS, energy crop, complex mixtures, IONIC LIQUID PRETREATMENT, cellulose, LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS, FAST PYROLYSIS, CORN STOVER, biofuel, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, LIGNIN STRUCTURE, DILUTE-ACID, CELLULOSE CRYSTALLINITY
Abstract

International audience; Miscanthus represents a key candidate energy crop for use in biomass-to-liquid fuel-conversion processes and biorefineries to produce a range of liquid fuels and chemicals; it has recently attracted considerable attention. Its yield, elemental composition, carbohydrate and lignin content and composition are of high importance to be reviewed for future biofuel production and development. Starting from Miscanthus, various pre-treatment technologies have recently been developed in the literature to break down the lignin structure, disrupt the crystalline structure of cellulose, and enhance its enzyme digestibility. These technologies included chemical, physicochemical, and biological pre-treatments. Due to its significantly lower concentrations of moisture and ash, Miscanthus also represents a key candidate crop for use in biomass-to-liquid conversion processes to produce a range of liquid fuels and chemicals by thermochemical conversion. The goal of this paper is to review the current status of the technology for biofuel production from this crop within a biorefinery context.

Published
2012