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Passion fruit plants are self-incompatible and fruiting is exclusively dependent on cross-pollination, which in nature is performed by carpenter (mamangava) bees, especially Xylocopa spp. (family Apidae). To ensure satisfactory productivity, daily manual pollination is a common practice among passionflower growers. Therefore, we studied whether manual pollination mechanically transmits the cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus (CABMV), the causal agent of the passion fruit woodiness disease. None of the eight healthy passion fruit plants manually pollinated with pollen from CABMV field-infected plants were infected, as confirmed by PTA-ELISA and RT-PCR. Healthy passion fruit plants mechanically inoculated with extracts of pollen collected from flowers of CABMV field-infected plants were not infected. CABMV was only detected by RT-PCR in groups of three anthers, and in pollen from groups of 20 anthers collected from flowers of infected passion fruit plants. RT-qPCR conducted with different amounts of pollen grains and anthers indicated extremely low virus titers. In addition to low virus titers, transmission failure may be associated with an absence of virus particles outside the pollen grains and/or absence of enough wounding produced on the stigmas by the fingertips. The improbability of CABMV transmission via pollen during manual pollination showed that this widely used cultural practice is a negligible factor in the epidemiology of passion fruit woodiness disease.

Made available in DSpace on 2019-10-06T15:48:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-12-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Begomovirus infections in Passiflora plants in Brazil have increased in recent years. This contribution reports natural infection of Passiflora plants by Melochia yellow mosaic virus (MelYMV) in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul. MelYMV was transmitted to Passiflora plants by biolistics but not by Bemisia tabaci MEAM1 and MED. To our knowledge this is the first report of MelYMV infecting Passiflora plants. Departamento de Fitopatologia e Nematologia ESALQ-USP Departamento de Proteção Vegetal FCA-UNESP AGRAER/CEPAER Departamento de Proteção Vegetal FCA-UNESP FAPESP: 2016/08573-8

The antidote vines or nhandirobas (Fevillea trilobata L. [Cucurbitaceae]) are dioecious plant species native to the South American Neotropics (1). Genetic materials of these species are now being domesticated and evaluated as potential crops for seed-oil extraction aiming to produce biodiesel fuel (2). Plants of F. trilobata (Accession No. CNPH-001) were cultivated from seeds under open field conditions during the years 2008 through 2011 in Brasília-DF, Brazil. Approximately 200 plants exhibiting mosaic symptoms and severe leaf malformation (with typical bubble-like patches) were found in all fields every year. Apical mosaic was slightly more severe in female than in male plants. Electron microscopy examination of negatively stained extracts of symptomatic leaf tissue showed the presence of filamentous particles about 700 to 800 nm long. Analysis of ultra-thin sections of the same tissues revealed the presence of lamellar inclusions typical of a potyvirus infection. No aphid colonies were observed on field-grown F. trilobata plants. The virus was mechanically transmitted to healthy Cucurbita pepo cv. Caserta and Luffa cylindrica, causing systemic mosaic. Sap from these infected plants reacted in PTA-ELISA with polyclonal antiserum against Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV), but not with antisera against Papaya ringspot virus – type W (PRSV-W), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), and Zucchini lethal chlorosis virus (ZLCV). Total RNA extracted from experimentally infected C. pepo was analyzed by RT-PCR using specific pairs of primers for the coat protein gene of ZYMV (3). A cDNA fragment of approximately 1,186 bp was amplified and the nucleotide sequence obtained by direct sequencing. Comparisons of the nucleotide (837 nt) and deduced amino acid (279 aa) sequences of the coat protein genomic segment (GenBank Accession No. JX502677) revealed 93 to 98% and 97 to 98% identity, respectively, with the corresponding nucleotide and amino acid sequences of a group of ZYMV isolates from distinct hosts (AY188994, AY279000, and NC_003224). The infection by ZYMV might cause fruit yield losses to F. trilobata. In addition, the infected F. trilobata crops might work as a reservoir of ZYMV providing inoculum to other cucurbit hosts since it has been managed as a semi-perennial crop. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the genus Fevillea as a natural host of ZYMV. References: (1) M. Nee et al. Syst. Bot. 34:704, 2009. (2) E. G. Shay. Biomass Bioenergy 4:227, 1993. (3) K. G. Thomson et al. J. Virol. Meth. 55:83, 1995.

In Brazil, passion flower is grown across almost the entire country. The predominant disease of the passion flower cropis passion fruit woodiness, caused by the potyvirus cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus (CABMV), and transmitted byaphids in a nonpersistent manner. The disease reduces the useful life of the orchard from 36 months to approximately18 months. Up to now, there has not been an efficient method for disease management. The aim of this work was toevaluate the efficiency of systematic roguing of diseased plants through weekly inspections, for disease management inthe field. The latent and incubation periods of CABMV in passion flower vines were determined in order to optimizeroguing efficiency. Passion fruit plants inoculated with CABMV started to act as sources of inoculum from 3 days afterinoculation (DAI), and the symptoms were expressed, on average, at 8 DAI. Five field experiments, conducted in thestates of S~ao Paulo and Bahia, Brazil, demonstrated that systematic roguing of diseased plants was significantly efficientfor managing passion fruit woodiness disease. In order to facilitate identification and subsequent removal of theinfected plants, they need to be grown separately. This cultural practice can be recommended for managing passionfruit woodiness disease, provided it is applied on a regional scale by all passion fruit growers. The development ofsome pilot plantings for the application of roguing in a passion flower-producing region is recommended to validatethe use of this technique for managing passion fruit woodiness disease. Made available in DSpace on 2020-02-12T18:09:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Longlastingsystematicroguing2019.pdf: 557891 bytes, checksum: 92a54d52de1484d1506a3b1545811030 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019

Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-26T17:52:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2017-01-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2019-10-09T18:27:33Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S1516-89132017000100454.pdf: 633133 bytes, checksum: 863802737accb4c798370ebe32c2a764 (MD5) Identification of Thysanoptera is based mainly on external morphology examination that can be time-consuming and difficult for non taxonomic experts. In this work, we propose a rapid and efficient molecular method to identify Frankliniella schultzei, an important and widespread pest thrips vector of tospoviruses in South America countries. Species-specific primers designed in the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I gene (mtCOI) were optimized for detection by conventional PCR and real-time PCR. The primers were tested on immature and adult thrips collected from crops and weeds found in Sao Paulo State. All samples collected were identified as F. schultzei, indicating the high prevalence of this species as vector of tospoviruses in Brazilian fields. Univ Estadual Sao Paulo, Fac Ciencias Agron, Dept Protecao Vegetal Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil Univ Fed Piaui, UFPI, Dept Biol, Ctr Ciencias Nat, Teresina, Piaui, Brazil Univ Turin, Scuola Agr & Med Vet, Dipartimento Sci Agr Forestali & Alimentari, ULF Entomol Gen & Appl Grugliasco, Turin, Italy Ist Protez Sostenibile Piante Turin, Consiglio Nazl Ric, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Protecao Vegetal, Botucatu, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Protecao Vegetal, Botucatu, SP, Brazil

Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) causes substantial economic losses in cucurbit crops. Although ZYMV has been present in Brazil for more than 20 years, there is little information about the biological and molecular characteristics of the isolates found in the country. This study aimed to characterize the experimental hosts, pathotypes and genetic diversity of a collection of eleven Brazilian ZYMV isolates within the coat protein gene. For biological analysis, plant species from Amaranthaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Fabaceae, Solanaceae, and Pedaliaceae were mechanically inoculated and pathotypes were identified based on the reaction of a resistant Cucumis melo, accession PI414723. All of the cucurbit species/varieties and Sesamum indicum were systemically infected with all isolates. The nucleotide sequence variability of the coat protein gene ranged from 82 % to 99 % compared to the corresponding sequences of ZYMV isolates from different geographical locations. No recombination event was detected in the coat protein gene of the isolates.

Zucchini lethal chlorosis virus (ZLCV), genus Orthotospovirus, so far was only reported in Brasil. The main natural hosts of ZLCV are in the cucurbit family. Pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima) cultivar Exposicao was previously reported as highly resistant to ZLCV infection. The objectives of this work were to better characterize the resistance of the Exposicao cultivar to ZLCV and to evaluate the interference of potyviruses (papaya ringspot virus type W, PRSV-W, and zucchini yellow mosaic virus, ZYMV) in the ZLCV resistance of this cultivar. C. maxima ‘Exposicao’ and zucchini (C. pepo) ‘Caserta’ (susceptible control) plants were mechanically inoculated with ZLCV in the cotyledons. Resistance to infection and systemic virus movement were evaluated at 7 and 20 days later. Virus detection was performed using PTA-ELISA and RT-PCR in the cotyledons and upper leaves. The interference of the potyviruses in ZLCV resistance was evaluated in greenhouse and field assays. ZLCV was detected in the inoculated cotyledons of both cultivars, but it did not move systemically in C. maxima ‘Exposicao’. The potyviruses PRSV-W and ZYMV did not interfere in the response of C. maxima ‘Exposicao’ to infection with ZLCV. The resistance of ‘Exposicao’ to ZLCV can be explored in future cucurbitaceae breeding programs.

In 2012 and 2013, watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) plants from commercial crops in Sao Paulo State were found showing mosaic, necrotic lesions, leaf deformation and necrotic spots on the fruits, suggestive of tospovirus infection. Leaf and fruit samples were separately tested by PTA-ELISA and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) against tospovirus was performed. The virus was identified as Groundnut ringspot virus (GRSV) and was sap transmissible. The host range was similar to isolates of GRSV found naturally infecting Solanaceae, except that this isolate infected watermelon systemically but did not infect tomato cvs. Santa Clara and Mariana. Thrips collected in the field transmitted GRSV to watermelon, sweet pepper and Nicotiana species. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the natural infection of watermelon by GRSV.

In the present work, the susceptibility of wild and domesticated plants of Momordica charantia to viruses from the genus Potyvirus that cause diseases in papaya (Carica papaya) and cucurbit crops was evaluated. The plants were subjected to experimental and natural infection with Papaya ringspot virus types P and W (PRSV-P and PRSV-W) and Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV). None of the potyviruses infected the wild type of M. charantia through mechanical or aphid inoculation or under field exposition, whereas the domesticated type was only infected by isolates of ZYMV. In addition, both wild and domesticated types of M. charantia were not infected in natural conditions by an isolate of Zucchini lethal chlorosis virus, genus Tospovirus, transmitted by Frankliniella zucchini. These data clearly indicated that this wild type of M. charantia does not seem to have a role in the epidemiology of the diseases caused by these three potyviruses in Brazil.

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T18:49:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S0100-54052012000300012.pdf: 246542 bytes, checksum: e921c8ee93e61edd8659bb2a00f82a9a (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T18:49:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S0100-54052012000300012.pdf: 246542 bytes, checksum: e921c8ee93e61edd8659bb2a00f82a9a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-09-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T17:45:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-54052012000300012.pdf: 246542 bytes, checksum: e921c8ee93e61edd8659bb2a00f82a9a (MD5) S0100-54052012000300012.pdf.txt: 11779 bytes, checksum: f7b89a6efb2acb16c03e3af5bb5165e2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-09-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:20:27Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-54052012000300012.pdf: 246542 bytes, checksum: e921c8ee93e61edd8659bb2a00f82a9a (MD5) S0100-54052012000300012.pdf.txt: 11779 bytes, checksum: f7b89a6efb2acb16c03e3af5bb5165e2 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:20:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-54052012000300012.pdf: 246542 bytes, checksum: e921c8ee93e61edd8659bb2a00f82a9a (MD5) S0100-54052012000300012.pdf.txt: 11779 bytes, checksum: f7b89a6efb2acb16c03e3af5bb5165e2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-09-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Entre os problemas fitossanitários da cultura da alface estão as doenças causadas por vírus. Três vírus causam sintomas de mosaico praticamente indistinguíveis: o Lettuce mosaic virus (LMV, Potyvirus), o Lettuce mottle virus (LeMoV, Sequivirus) e o Bidens mosaic virus (BiMV, Potyvirus). Através de RT-PCR utilizando-se oligonucleotídeos específicos para cada um destes vírus, amostras de alface e plantas invasoras, preferencialmente com sintoma de mosaico, foram coletadas em campos de produção de alface das regiões de Mogi das Cruzes, Campinas e Bauru no Estado de São Paulo e analisadas para a presença dos vírus. Verificou-se que o LeMoV foi o vírus encontrado com maior freqüência, seguido do LMV. A ocorrência de BiMV em alface foi extremamente baixa e restrita às regiões de Campinas e Bauru, onde também foi verificado em plantas invasoras como Bidens pilosa e Galinsoga parviflora. Esta ultima é hospedeira dos três vírus. Among the phytosanitary problems affecting lettuce culture are the diseases caused by viruses. Three viruses cause almost indistinguishable mosaic symptoms: Lettuce mosaic virus (LMV, Potyvirus), Lettuce mottle virus (LeMoV, Sequivirus) and Bidens mosaic virus (BiMV, Potyvirus). By RT-PCR using specific primers for each virus, lettuce and weed samples, preferably with mosaic symptoms, and collected from lettuce fields in the regions of Mogi das Cruzes, Campinas and Bauru, São Paulo State, Brazil, were analyzed for the presence of these viruses. LeMoV was the most frequently found virus, followed by LMV. The occurrence of BiMV in lettuce was extremely low and restricted to the regions of Campinas and Bauru, where it was also found in weeds such as Bidens pilosa and Galinsoga parviflora. The latter plant is the host of these three viruses. UNESP Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas Departamento de Produção Vegetal Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA) Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia UNESP Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas Departamento de Produção Vegetal

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T18:49:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S0100-54052010000400012.pdf: 492080 bytes, checksum: c0f1e42f21d01440e783e4d88744841e (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T18:49:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S0100-54052010000400012.pdf: 492080 bytes, checksum: c0f1e42f21d01440e783e4d88744841e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-12-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T17:48:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-54052010000400012.pdf: 492080 bytes, checksum: c0f1e42f21d01440e783e4d88744841e (MD5) S0100-54052010000400012.pdf.txt: 8442 bytes, checksum: c71f1c87fe8c1422821a505c0b25e309 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-12-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:21:22Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-54052010000400012.pdf: 492080 bytes, checksum: c0f1e42f21d01440e783e4d88744841e (MD5) S0100-54052010000400012.pdf.txt: 8442 bytes, checksum: c71f1c87fe8c1422821a505c0b25e309 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:21:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-54052010000400012.pdf: 492080 bytes, checksum: c0f1e42f21d01440e783e4d88744841e (MD5) S0100-54052010000400012.pdf.txt: 8442 bytes, checksum: c71f1c87fe8c1422821a505c0b25e309 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-12-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) O Bidens mosaic virus (BiMV) é uma espécie tentativa do gênero Potyvirus, que infecta alface (Lactuca sativa). Na ausência de métodos eficientes para diagnose deste vírus, o objetivo do trabalho foi a síntese de oligonucleotídeos específicos e sua otimização em testes de RT-PCR em uma só etapa, partindo-se de extrações de RNA total. Os oligonucleotídeos 8851sens (5'AGG CAG TTC GCA CGG CAT AC 3´) e 9211ant (5´ CTT CAT CTG GAT GTG TGC TTC 3´) permitem a eficiente detecção do vírus e possibilitaram a descoberta de uma nova hospedeira do vírus, a planta Galinsoga parviflora, comumente encontrada em canteiros de produção comercial de alface. Bidens mosaic virus (BiMV) is a tentative species of the genus Potyvirus and infects lettuce (Lactuca sativa). In the absence of efficient methods for the diagnosis of the virus, the objective of this work was to develop specifics primers for a one-step RT-PCR test using total RNA. The primer pairs 8851sens (5'AGG CAG TTC GCA CGG CAT AC 3´) and 9211ant (5´ CTT CAT CTG GAT GTG TGC TTC 3´) were considered very efficient for the detection of BiMV and the virus was found naturally infecting Galinsoga parviflora, a new host of BiMV, commonly found in commercial lettuce crops. UNESP Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas Setor de Defesa Fitossanitária UNESP Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas Setor de Defesa Fitossanitária

Cucumber ( Cucumis sativus ) fruits and pepper plants ( Capsicum annuum ) cultivated in the same commercial greenhouse in Vitoriana, Sao Paulo, Brazil, in December 2012 and March 2013, respectively, were found with necrotic concentric rings,…