9 results on '"Diana Ferrazzini"'
Search Results
2. Genetic variation in Italian wild cherry (Prunus avium L.) as characterized by nSSR markers
- Author
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Piero Belletti, S. Carnevale, S. Guerri, A. De Rogatis, Fulvio Ducci, and Diana Ferrazzini
- Subjects
Evolutionary biology ,Ecology ,Genetic variation ,Biodiversity ,Microsatellite ,Forestry ,Locus (genetics) ,Genetic variability ,Biology ,Null allele ,Genotype frequency ,Fixation index - Abstract
The main aim of our research was to describe the level and distribution of genetic variability of wild cherry (Prunus avium L.) in Italy, using eight nuclear microsatellite markers. The sampled plants were grouped in 11 internally homogeneous breeding zones, defined according to their ecological and vegetational conditions. The mean observed heterozygosity (Ho) was 0.573, and the expected (He) 0.698. Significant departures from Hardy‐Weinberg equilibrium at each locus were found for all breeding zones (P , 0.01). The mean fixation index, calculated taking into account the estimated null allele frequencies, was 0.075, showing a slight excess of homozygotes. FST (departure of genotype frequencies within populations from Hardy‐Weinberg expectations, commonly used as an estimator of genetic differentiation among populations) showed a mean value of 0.046, indicating a slight, although significant, differentiation among breeding zones. However, in general, it was not possible to observe a structuring linked to the geographical location of the breeding zones. The results of the study contribute to a better understanding of our knowledge of the wild cherry genetic variation in Italy, thus making for more efficient programmes aimed at the preservation of biodiversity and for more rational planning of the management of reproductive material. Since our results do not show a clear structuring of genetic variability within the Italian diffusion area of wild cherry, it is not possible to draw any indications on regions of provenance delimitation based only on genetic data, and the identification of the latter should be based mainly on ecological and vegetational features.
- Published
- 2013
3. Genetic variation and divergence in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) within its natural range in Italy
- Author
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Piero Belletti, Diana Ferrazzini, Fulvio Ducci, Ignazio Monteleone, and Andrea Piotti
- Subjects
SSR markers ,education.field_of_study ,Genetic diversity ,Genetic differentiation ,genetic variation ,glacial refugia ,regions of provenance ,Scots pine ,Range (biology) ,Ecology ,Population ,Forestry ,Plant Science ,Biology ,biology.organism_classification ,Genetic variation ,Genetic structure ,Genetic variability ,education ,Genetic erosion - Abstract
Twenty-one populations of Scots pine sampled over the entire Italian range of the species were analysed for genetic variation scored at nine nuclear SSR markers. The main aim of the work was to find genetic features useful for conservation management, namely allelic composition, gene diversity and differentiation. High levels of intra-population variability were scored. The only population sampled in the Apennines gave the lowest values, confirming the genetic erosion undergone in the Scots pine remnants in this area. A low level of genetic variability was also scored for populations from the Po valley and hills of Piedmont. Most genetic diversity was found within populations, while only a small amount occurred among them (F ST = 0.058). Both Bayesian clustering and sPCA analysis showed a East–West subdivision, notwithstanding the unclear position of populations from the Po valley. The population from the Apennines was always clearly separated from the others. The results are discussed in terms of post-glacial recolonisation, as well as for defining genetically homogeneous regions for Scots pine in Italy. The management of genetic resources could benefit from the identification of such ‘gene zones’, thereby avoiding the use of non-local reproductive material for plantations, which can represent one of the most important reasons for failure of reforestation. In addition, the assessment of the biogeographic genetic structure by neutral markers is a prerequisite for disentangling the influence of selectively neutral and non-neutral processes on the distribution of adaptive genetic variability.
- Published
- 2012
4. A population genetic study in a scattered forest species, wild service tree [Sorbus torminalis (L.) Crantz], using RAPD markers
- Author
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Diana Ferrazzini, Ignazio Monteleone, and Piero Belletti
- Subjects
Genetic diversity ,biology ,Zoology ,Forestry ,Outcrossing ,Plant Science ,biology.organism_classification ,Analysis of molecular variance ,RAPD ,Sorbus torminalis ,Genetic variation ,Botany ,Genetic variability ,Isolation by distance - Abstract
Wild service tree [Sorbus torminalis (L.) Crantz] is a forest tree widespread in Europe, characterized by a scattered distribution. Its hermaphroditic flowers are pollinated by insects, and outcrossing is the prominent mating system, also due to the presence of gametophytic self-incompatibility. Genetic diversity and differentiation of 22 populations from northwestern Italy were investigated by means of variation scored at 53 polymorphic RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) loci. Populations differed in genetic variation, with Shannon diversity index ranging from 0.166 to 0.469. According to Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA), most of the genetic variation was found within populations (61.78%) with a significant proportion of variance attributable to genetic differences between regions (23.60%) and between populations (14.62%). Evidence for isolation by distance was found in the set of populations sampled. The effect of habitat fragmentation on genetic variation was also evaluated. The efficacy of RAPD markers in analysing genetic variation, and the contribution of the results in terms of the preservation of biodiversity are discussed.
- Published
- 2007
5. Genetic variability and divergence among Italian populations of common ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.)
- Author
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Ignazio Monteleone, Piero Belletti, Diana Ferrazzini, and Revues Inra, Import
- Subjects
microsatellite ,population differentiation ,Genetic diversity ,Ecology ,Range (biology) ,seed zone designation ,Fraxinus excelsior ,Zoology ,Forestry ,Biology ,Divergence ,Loss of heterozygosity ,[SDV.SA.SF]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry ,Genetic distance ,genetic variation ,Genetic variation ,Microsatellite ,Genetic variability ,[SDV.SA.SF] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
The level of genetic variation throughout the Italian range of common ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) was estimated using six microsatellite markers. High levels of allelic diversity was detected. The levels of expected heterozygosity for each of the populations ranged from 0.726 to 0.871, with an average of 0.798, and indicated that populations have a high level of genetic variation. A general and significant homozygote excess was found at most loci in all populations, with an overall mean F IS of 0.284. Possible explanations for such situations are discussed. Only 4.9% of the total diversity was attributable to differentiation among populations. Although divergence among pedo-climatic regions explained only a small part of the variance it was possible to observe some partial clustering of populations belonging to the same regions. The contribution of the results in relation to the definition of the most appropriate strategies to collect forest reproductive material is discussed.
- Published
- 2007
6. Genetic Variability and Population Divergence in the Rare Fritillaria tubiformis subsp. moggridgei Rix (Liliaceae) as Revealed by RAPD Analysis
- Author
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Diana Ferrazzini, Marco Mucciarelli, and Piero Belletti
- Subjects
Conservation genetics ,Plant Evolution ,Population genetics ,lcsh:Medicine ,Plant Science ,Subspecies ,biodiversity preservation ,Molecular Systematics ,genetic variability ,lcsh:Science ,Flowering Plants ,Phylogeny ,Conservation Science ,Multidisciplinary ,Ecology ,Geography ,Agriculture ,Biodiversity ,Plants ,Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique ,genetic differentiation ,endemic species ,subspecies ,Italy ,Gene pool ,Research Article ,food.ingredient ,DNA, Plant ,Zoology ,Biology ,food ,Botany ,Genetic variation ,Genetics ,Liliaceae ,Evolutionary Systematics ,Genetic variability ,Genetic diversity ,Evolutionary Biology ,Population Biology ,lcsh:R ,Ecology and Environmental Sciences ,Organisms ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Genetic Variation ,Plant Taxonomy ,Organismal Evolution ,Genetics, Population ,Genetic Loci ,Genetic Polymorphism ,lcsh:Q ,Fritillaria tubiformis ,Population Genetics - Abstract
Fritillaria tubiformis subsp. moggridgei Rix. is a rare alpine geophyte with shiny yellow flowers. This plant is sporadically distributed across the southwestern Alps where it is biogeographically close to F. tubiformis var. burnatii Planch. The latter has dark purple flowers and ranges in the majority of the Western and Central Alps. In order to develop appropriate strategies of conservation, a RAPD based analysis was conducted to study the genetic status of these taxa and the distribution of genetic variability of the subspecies by sampling seven populations distributed across the subspecies' range. Four populations of var. burnatii were chosen within this range and included in the genetic analysis. Some 264 individuals were analysed and 201 polymorphic loci were scored. Genetic diversity scored in the subspecies was in line with expectations for endemic species (He = 0.194). F. tubiformis var. burnatii showed lower intraspecific diversity (He = 0.173), notwithstanding a wider range than the subspecies. Most of the total phenotypic variation (about 83%) was allocated within populations, and significant lower proportions between taxa (6.45%) and between populations of the same taxon (10.64%). Moreover, PCoA analysis and Bayesian clustering separated populations into two genetically differentiated groups corresponding with the subspecific taxa. However, three populations ascribed to the subsp. moggridgei repeatedly showed genetic admixture with var. burnatii populations. Our findings suggest that: i) although the different flower colour, the two taxa are genetically very similar and share a consistent part of their gene pool, ii) the majority of genetic variability is allocated within populations rather than among them, iii) a representative amount of genetic diversity can be preserved by sampling from a restricted number of populations. The efficacy of RAPD markers in analysing genetic variation, and the contribution of the results to the preservation of biodiversity of the species, are discussed.
- Published
- 2014
7. Small-scale genetic diversity in oneseed hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna Jacq.)
- Author
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Diana Ferrazzini, Ignazio Monteleone, and Piero Belletti
- Subjects
Genetic diversity ,Crataegus ,biology ,Crataegus monogyna ,Biodiversity ,Zoology ,Forestry ,Rosaceae ,Genetic differentiation ,Northern Italy ,Oneseed hawthorn ,RAPD markers ,Plant Science ,biology.organism_classification ,Analysis of molecular variance ,RAPD ,Fixation (population genetics) ,Genetic variation ,Botany ,Isolation by distance - Abstract
We have examined the pattern of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) variation among six populations of Crataegus monogyna from northern Italy, extending over an area of about 20,000 km2. The aim was to evaluate local differentiation in relation to geographical distance. Of the 73 loci analysed, 65 were polymorphic, and there were no bands at complete fixation at the population level. The mean genetic diversity was 0.291, with the values for individual populations ranging between 0.252 and 0.333. According to the analysis of molecular variance most of the genetic variation was found within populations (about 80%), with a significant proportion being attributable to genetic differences between populations. No evidence for isolation by distance was found in the set of populations sampled. The efficacy of RAPD markers in analysing genetic variation, and the contribution of the results in terms of the preservation of biodiversity and defining the most appropriate strategies for collecting forest reproductive material, are discussed.
- Published
- 2008
8. Genetic variability at allozyme markers in sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus) populations from north-western Italy
- Author
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Diana Ferrazzini, Piero Belletti, and Ignazio Monteleone
- Subjects
Genetics ,Global and Planetary Change ,Genetic diversity ,Ecology ,Zoology ,Forestry ,Locus (genetics) ,Biology ,Acer pseudoplatanus ,biology.organism_classification ,Gene flow ,Loss of heterozygosity ,Genetic variability ,Allele ,Inbreeding - Abstract
Genetic diversity and differentiation of 12 native populations of sycamore ( Acer pseudoplatanus L.) from northwestern Italy were investigated by means of variation detected in 10 polymorphic isozyme systems encoded by 16 loci. The trees showed relatively large genetic variability (mean number of alleles per locus = 2.78, effective number of alleles per locus = 1.47, percentage of polymorphic loci = 96.9, expected heterozygosity = 0.280) but small interpopulational variation (FST= 0.019), suggesting the presence of a single gene pool. A slight excess of heterozygotes was found, and the overall inbreeding coefficient (FIS) was –0.038. There was a positive correlation between the age of the individuals sampled and heterozygosity, suggesting the occurrence of natural selection against homozygotes. No significant correlation was detected between genetic and geographic distances of populations, confirming the lack of any barriers to gene flow. Estimate of the mean effective number of migrants exchanged between populations was 4.399, based on the private alleles method. The contribution of the results in relation to terms of the most appropriate strategies to preserve genetic variability of sycamore and to collect forest reproductive material is discussed.
- Published
- 2007
9. Effectiveness of neutral RAPD markers to detect genetic divergence between the subspecies uncinata and mugo of Pinus mugo Turra
- Author
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Diana Ferrazzini, Ignazio Monteleone, and Piero Belletti
- Subjects
Genetic diversity ,Dwarf mountain pine ,population differentiation ,biology ,molecular markers ,Ecological Modeling ,Forestry ,genetic diversity ,Subspecies ,Mountain pine ,biology.organism_classification ,RAPD ,Genetic divergence ,Pinus mugo ,Botany ,lcsh:SD1-669.5 ,lcsh:Forestry - Abstract
Fifteen populations of Pinus mugo subsp. mugo (shrub) and Pinus mugo subsp. uncinata (erect), located in the Alps, were investigated through genetic variation scored at 64 polymorphic RAPD loci. In addition, morphological traits of the female cones were analysed. According to AMOVA most of the genetic variation was found within populations (83.39%), and only 1.25% of it between subspecies. Populations differed in terms of their internal genetic variation, with Neiâs gene diversity ranging from 0.227 to 0.397. Morphological data showed differences between subspecies, although none of the populations showed full accordance with expectations. Significant correlation was found between matrices for geographical and morphological distances, while genetic distances were not correlated with any other aspect. The efficacy of morphological and RAPD markers in discriminating between subspecies, and the contribution of the results in relation to the preservation of biodiversity, are discussed.
- Published
- 2006
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