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Two new species of Pucciniales fungi on plants of the Fabid clade are described from samples deposited in the herbarium of Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, collected in the state of Amapá, in the Brazilian Amazon. They are Aecidium margaritariae found on Margaritaria nobilis (Phyllanthaceae), and Uromyces amapaensis on Jatropha gossypiifolia (Euphorbiaceae). The microstructures of the specimens were analyzed using optical and scanning electron microscopy. Aecidium margaritariae is characterized by the presence of globose, subglobose to slightly ellipsoid aeciospores with warty walls and smooth areas usually in the basal portion. Uromyces amapaensis is distinguished by the presence of uredinia with paraphyses which are thickened and rounded at the tip, and pedicellate and smooth teliospores. Descriptions, illustrations, and taxonomic comments are presented for each species. RESUMO Duas novas espécies de fungos Pucciniales sobre plantas do clado das fabídeas são descritas a partir de amostras depositadas no herbário do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, coletadas no estado do Amapá, na Amazonia Brasileira. Aecidium margaritariae ocorrendo sobre Margaritaria nobilis (Phyllanthaceae) e Uromyces amapaensis sobre Jatropha gossypiifolia (Euphorbiaceae). As microestruturas dos espécimes foram analisadas em microscópio óptico e em microscopia eletrônica de varredura. Aecidium margaritariae se caracteriza por apresentar eciósporos globosos, subglobosos a levemente elipsoides, parede verrugosa com áreas lisas geralmente na extremidade basal. Uromyces amapaensis se diferencia por apresentar uredínios com paráfises engrossadas e arredondadas no ápice e teliósporos pedicelados, lisos. São apresentadas descrições, ilustrações e comentários taxonômicos para cada espécie.

Blackberry (Rubus spp.) is a shrub plant of the Rosaceae, which fruits are used for fresh markets or processing. Blackberry cultivation has increased in Brazil and has turned into an alternative for family farmers. Among the significant diseases that can occur in plantations, there is rust, caused by phytopathogenic fungus species: Gymnoconia nitens (orange rust), Kuehneola uredinis (cane and leaf rust) and Phragmidium violaceum (blackberry rust). This research project was conducted to identify the fungi specie causative of rust occurred on experimental blackberry fields, in Diamantina, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Infected blackberry leaves with symptoms of rust fungi and full spores yellow were collected. Infection was limited to undersurfaces of the leaves and reddening occurred on corresponding upper areas. No stem or fruit infection occurred on the infected plants. Morphological analyzes of the microstructures (sorus and spores) were carried out under optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was observed uredinia with urediniospores uniformly echinulate golden-yellow and telia obtain with teliospores smooth hyaline, mostly four celled and with a short rounded apical papilla. The rust was identified as Kuehneola uredinis (Link) Arthur. This is the first record for Brazil. Morphological descriptions, illustrations of the microstructures, examined material, geographic distribution and taxonomic comments are provided for this species.

This article is the tenth series of the Fungal Diversity Notes, where 114 taxa distributed in three phyla, ten classes, 30 orders and 53 families are described and illustrated. Taxa described in the present study include one new family (viz. Pseudoberkleasmiaceae in Dothideomycetes), five new genera (Caatingomyces, Cryptoschizotrema, Neoacladium, Paramassaria and Trochilispora) and 71 new species, (viz. Acrogenospora thailandica, Amniculicola aquatica, A. guttulata, Angustimassarina sylvatica, Blackwellomyces lateris, Boubovia gelatinosa, Buellia viridula, Caatingomyces brasiliensis, Calophoma humuli, Camarosporidiella mori, Canalisporium dehongense, Cantharellus brunneopallidus, C. griseotinctus, Castanediella meliponae, Coprinopsis psammophila, Cordyceps succavus, Cortinarius minusculus, C. subscotoides, Diaporthe italiana, D. rumicicola, Diatrypella delonicis, Dictyocheirospora aquadulcis, D. taiwanense, Digitodesmium chiangmaiense, Distoseptispora dehongensis, D. palmarum, Dothiorella styphnolobii, Ellisembia aurea, Falciformispora aquatic, Fomitiporia carpinea, F. lagerstroemiae, Grammothele aurantiaca, G. micropora, Hermatomyces bauhiniae, Jahnula queenslandica, Kamalomyces mangrovei, Lecidella yunnanensis, Micarea squamulosa, Muriphaeosphaeria angustifoliae, Neoacladium indicum, Neodidymelliopsis sambuci, Neosetophoma miscanthi, N. salicis, Nodulosphaeria aquilegiae, N. thalictri, Paramassaria samaneae, Penicillium circulare, P. geumsanense, P. mali-pumilae, P. psychrotrophicum, P. wandoense, Phaeoisaria siamensis, Phaeopoacea asparagicola, Phaeosphaeria penniseti, Plectocarpon galapagoense, Porina sorediata, Pseudoberkleasmium chiangmaiense, Pyrenochaetopsis sinensis, Rhizophydium koreanum, Russula prasina, Sporoschisma chiangraiense, Stigmatomyces chamaemyiae, S. cocksii, S. papei, S. tschirnhausii, S. vikhrevii, Thysanorea uniseptata, Torula breviconidiophora, T. polyseptata, Trochilispora schefflerae and Vaginatispora palmae). Further, twelve new combinations (viz. Cryptoschizotrema cryptotrema, Prolixandromyces australi, P. elongatus, P. falcatus, P. longispinae, P. microveliae, P. neoalardi, P. polhemorum, P. protuberans, P. pseudoveliae, P. tenuistipitis and P. umbonatus), an epitype is chosen for Cantharellus goossensiae, a reference specimen for Acrogenospora sphaerocephala and new synonym Prolixandromyces are designated. Twenty-four new records on new hosts and new geographical distributions are also reported (i.e. Acrostalagmus annulatus, Cantharellus goossensiae, Coprinopsis villosa, Dothiorella plurivora, Dothiorella rhamni, Dothiorella symphoricarposicola, Dictyocheirospora rotunda, Fasciatispora arengae, Grammothele brasiliensis, Lasiodiplodia iraniensis, Lembosia xyliae, Morenoina palmicola, Murispora cicognanii, Neodidymelliopsis farokhinejadii, Neolinocarpon rachidis, Nothophoma quercina, Peroneutypa scoparia, Pestalotiopsis aggestorum, Pilidium concavum, Plagiostoma salicellum, Protofenestella ulmi, Sarocladium kiliense, Tetraploa nagasakiensis and Vaginatispora armatispora).

Amazonia is covered by the largest, best-preserved tropical forest in the world, almost 50% of which is in Brazil. The Amazonian region has the highest biodiversity of the planet, distributed, at least for the fauna and flora communities, in eight distinct centres of endemism. However, there is little information about the fungal distribution in the region. In this study, the abundance, species richness and composition of species of poroid fungi were investigated in three Amazonian centres of endemism in order to test the hypothesis whether these centres also have distinct fungal communities. One hundred and twenty four unit samples in three centres of endemism were visited from 2006 to 2011, resulting in 2303 collections representing 153 species of poroid fungi. The fungal communities did not form distinct groups in relation to the centres of endemism when the Analysis of Similarity (ANOSIM) was used and the hypothesis was rejected.

Fungi play an important role in litter decomposition in forest ecosystems and are considered an undersampled group in the Amazon biome. This study aims to describe the composition, richness and frequency of species of conidial fungi associated with palm trees in an area of ​​the Amapá National Forest, State of Amapá, Brazil. Palm leaf litter was collected from July 2009 to June 2010, incubated in moist chambers and examined for the presence of fungi. One hundred and seven species of conidial fungi were identified, in 79 genera and 25 families. As for the relative frequency of the species, the majority (94.4%) was sporadic and occurred on leaflets. We report new records for South America (Chaetopsis intermedia, Chaetochalara laevis and Thysanophora verrucosa) and Brazil (Chloridium phaeosporum, Helminthosporiella stilbacea and Zygosporium geminatum), and 83 for the State of Amapá, while 15 are also new for the Brazilian Amazon. This study significantly increases the knowledge about the distribution of the fungal species in the Amazon biome, and emphasizes the importance of the conservation of these organisms particularly in view of the large number of sporadic species recorded.

O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar as espécies de fungos conidiais associadas com o folhedo de Cedrela odorata, uma espécie de cedro vermelho ameaçada, típica de florestas de terra firme da Amazônia. Fungos conidiais foram amostrados no folhedo ao redor de indivíduos de C. odorata em três áreas florestais no município de Belém (PA). Um total de 104 espécies foi identificado, com 53 novos registros para o Estado do Pará e 46 que representam o primeiro registro para a Amazônia brasileira. Dentre estas, foram encontrados novos registros para o Brasil (Cordana abramovii), para a América do Sul (Acarocybiopsis cubitaensis, Xylocladium claviforme) e para as Américas (Dactylaria biguttulata). Uma revisão das espécies de fungos conidiais relatadas em C. odorata é fornecida, indicando sua distribuição no Brasil. Para cada novo registro no Brasil, América do Sul e Américas apresentamos uma descrição, ilustrações, distribuição geográfica e comentários taxonômicos. The aim of this study was to investigate the species of conidial fungi associated with leaf litter of Cedrela odorata (Meliaceae), an endangered red cedar species typical of Amazonian terra-firme forests. Conidial fungi were sampled around C. odorata individuals in three forest areas in the municipality of Belém (Pará State, Brazil). A total of 104 species were identified, with 53 new records for the state of Pará, 46 first records for the Brazilian Amazon, including new records for Brazil (Cordana abramovii), for South America (Acarocybiopsis cubitaensis, Xylocladium claviforme) and for the Americas (Dactylaria biguttulata). A review of species of conidial fungi reported on C. odorata is provided, indicating its distribution in Brazil. For each new record in Brazil, South America and the Americas we present a description, illustrations, geographical distribution and taxonomic comments. GUTIÉRREZ, A. H. Universidade Federal do Pará

The validation of the fungal name Porogramme albocincta and five new records of poroid fungi to the Brazilian Amazonia are presented: Coriolopsis aspera, Coriolopsis hostmannii, Microporellus iguazuensis, Nigroporus macroporus, and Porogramme albocincta. A key to Porogramme species known for the Neotropics is provided.

Fomitopsis feei (Fr.) Kreisel and F. lilacinogilva (Berk.) J. E. Wright & J. R. Deschamps are reported as new to the Brazilian Amazonia and the State of Pernambuco, F. feei to the Brazilian semi-arid, F. cupreorosea (Berk.) J. Carranza & Gilb. to the States of Amazonas, Para and Pernambuco, and F. nivosa (Berk.) Gilb. & Ryvarden to the Brazilian semi-arid, to Northeast Brazil and to the States of Acre, Rondonia and Roraima. A key to the species of Fomitopsis reported for the Neotropics are provided.

The new combination Coriolopsis psila is proposed and C. brunneoleuca and C. hostmannii are reported as new to Brazil. Descriptions of these collections and a key to the eight accepted Coriolopsis species reported from Brazil are provided.

Perenniporia cremeopora, P. roseoisabellina and P. ellipsospora are reported as new to Brazil, while P. parvispora and P. tephropora for the Brazilian Amazonia. Description and figures of the new occurrences in Brazil and a key to the species of Perenniporia registered for the Brazilian Amazonia are provided.

Por suas condições estruturais e climáticas as florestas tropicais são ecossistemas onde prolifera uma grande diversidade fúngica. A Amazônia é reconhecida como a maior floresta tropical existente. No entanto, estudos taxonômicos sobre fungos hifomicetos nesta região são escassos. Este trabalho teve como objetivo investigar a ocorrência de hifomicetos associados a partes em decomposição da Arecaceae Euterpe oleracea Mart. (açaizeiro). Entre agosto de 2008 e abril de 2009 foram coletadas partes em decomposição de açaizeiro na Área de Proteção Ambiental Ilha do Combu, Município de Belém, Pará. Como parte dos resultados deste estudo foram encontrados dois novos registros para o Neotrópico (Digitodesmiumrecurvum W. H. Ho, K. D. Hyde & Hodgkiss e Pithomyces karoo Marasas & I. H. Schum.) e 10 para a América do Sul. O presente trabalho contém descrições taxonômicas, comentários, distribuição geográfica e ilustrações para cada um dos novos registros. Floristic structure and climatic conditions of tropical rainforests characterize ecosystems where very diverse fungal populations proliferate. Amongst those, the Amazonia is recognized as the biggest existing tropical forest in the world. However, taxonomic studies on hyphomycetes fungi in this region are scarce. The objective of this work was to investigate the occurrence of conidial fungi (hyphomycetes) associated to the decomposition of dead parts of Euterpe oleracea Mart.(açaizeiro), Arecaceae. From August 2008 to April 2009 decaying parts of this palm tree were collected in the Combu Island, an Environmental Protection Area, at the city of Belém, Pará. As partial result of this study, two new records of Hyphomycetes for the Neotropics (Digitodesmiumrecurvum W. H. Ho, K. D. Hyde & Hodgkiss and Pithomyceskaroo Marasas & I. H. Schum.) and other new 10 fungal species records for South America were found. Taxonomic descriptions, commentaries, geographic distribution and illustrations for each new record are given.

Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-12T17:28:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2018-11-12T17:37:04Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S2175-78602015000401033.pdf: 947946 bytes, checksum: a99ef4ce93dda8cd40df3283b1018ed4 (MD5) Resumo Até 2010, o conhecimento sobre a diversidade de fungos do Brasil estava registrado em publicações esparsas de taxonomia e ecologia e em algumas poucas listas de espécies. Com a publicação do Catálogo de Plantas e Fungos do Brasil, e a disponibilização da lista online, tem sido possível agregar o conhecimento disperso. A versão ora apresentada acrescenta 2.111 nomes de espécies aos 3.608 listados em 2010. São citadas 5.719 espécies de fungos distribuídas em 1.246 gêneros, 102 ordens e 13 divisões, consistindo em considerável aumento em relação a 2010, quando estavam registrados 924 gêneros e 78 ordens. Predominam os Basidiomycota (2.741 espécies, em 22 ordens) e Ascomycota (1.881 espécies, em 41 ordens). A Mata Atlântica possui a maior quantidade de registros, com 3.017 espécies, seguido pela Amazonia (1.050), Caatinga (999), Cerrado (638) e Pampa e Pantanal com 84 e 35 espécies, respectivamente. A região Nordeste tem a maior riqueza (2.617 especies), seguida pelo Sudeste (2.252), Sul (1.995), Norte (1.301) e Centro Oeste (488 espécies). Em relação aos Estados da Federação, São Paulo (1.846 espécies), Pernambuco (1.611) e Rio Grande do Sul (1.377) são os mais diversos. Abstract Knowledge about the Brazilian fungal diversity was, until 2010, recorded in few taxonomy and ecology publications, as well as in a handful of species lists. With the publication of the Catálogo de Plantas e Fungos do Brasil and the continued availability of an online list, it has been possible to aggregate this dispersed knowledge. The version presented here adds 2,111 species names to the 3,608 listed in 2010. A total of 5,719 species of fungi distributed in 1,246 genera, 102 orders and 13 phyla represents a considerable increase over the last five years, when only 924 genera and 78 orders were registered. Basidiomycota (2,741 species in 22 orders) and Ascomycota (1,881 species in 41 orders) predominate over other groups. The Atlantic Rainforest has the largest number of records, with 3,017 species, followed by Amazon Rainforest (1,050), Caatinga (999), Cerrado (638) and Pampa and Pantanal with 84 and 35 species, respectively. The Northeast region has the greatest richness (2,617 species), followed by Southeast (2,252), South (1,995), North (1,301) and Central-West (488 species). Regarding the States of the Federation, São Paulo with 1,846 species, Pernambuco with 1,611 and Rio Grande do Sul with 1,377 species are the most diverse. Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro Secretaria do Meio Ambiente do Estado de São Paulo Instituto de Botânica Núcleo de Pesquisa em Micologia Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Depto. Botânica Lab. Micologia Universidade Federal de Sergipe Depto. Biociências ABL Herbarium Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Depto. Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia Faculdade São Lucas Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte Centro de Biociências Depto. Botânica Ecologia e Zoologia Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco Centro de Ciências Agrárias Empresa Brazileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana Depto. Ciências Biológicas Centro de Pesquisas do Cacau Comissão Executiva do Plano da Lavoura Cacaueira Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Inst. Biociências Depto. Botânica Universidade Federal da Paraíba Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi Coordenação de Botânica Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz Depto. Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Ambientais e Biológicas Universidade Federal de Lavras Depto. Fitopatologia Lab. Sistemática e Ecologia de Fungos Instituto Federal de São Paulo Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Inst. Biociências de Rio Claro Depto. Bioquímica e Microbiologia Universidade Federal do Paraná Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Inst. Biociências de Rio Claro Depto. Bioquímica e Microbiologia

A new species and new records of asexual ascomycetes from Brazil were documented during field trips in the National Forest of Amapa, Amapa State, in the Amazon Forest biome. Bhatia laevispora sp. nov., collected on decaying leaflets of Astrocaryum murumuru (Arecaceae), is described and illustrated. It differs from the type species by monoblastic conidiogenous cells with percurrent extensions and bigger, smooth conidia with brown to dark brown apical cells, paler central cells and pale brown to subhyaline basal cell. Cirrenalia donnae is a new record for the Neotropical region, and Balaniopsis kirkii and Dictyosporium pandani are new records for the American continent. Taxonomic information including descriptions, geographical distribution, comments and illustrations are provided. The genera Balaniopsis , Bhatia and Cirrenalia constitute new additions to the Brazilian mycobiota. This work expands the geographic range of these species to Brazil

Nomenclature, synonymy, descriptions, il- lustrations, a key to aid in identification, and herbar- ium specimens studied are reported for Diorchidium acanthostephum, D. copaiferae, and D. puiggarii, all on Leguminosae. Anomalous D. amapaensis on Geophila (Rubiaceae) is proposed as a new species. Allotelium is a synonym of Dicheirinia, not Diorchidium.

Em levantamento realizado na Reserva Biológica do Lago Piratuba, no Estado do Amapá, foram identificadas duas espécies de Uredinales que constituem novos registros para o Brasil: Atelocauda incrustans Arthur & Cummins e Chaconia alutacea Juel. O gênero Atelocauda representa a primeira citação para a América do Sul. During an inventory undertaken at the Lake Piratuba Biological Reserve, Amapá state, two Uredinales species, Atelocauda incrustans Arthur & Cummins and Chaconia alutacea Juel, were found and reported for the first time in Brazil. The genus Atelocauda is recorded for the first time in South America.

Ceriporia amazonica sp. nov. is described and illustrated from a basidioma collected in northern Brazilian Amazonia. It is characterized by a salmon pore surface when fresh and by basidiospores that are among the smallest in the genus. In addition, C. albobrunnea is reported as new to Brazil and a key to the species of Ceriporia recorded in the Neotropics is updated.

Two new polypores, Rigidoporus grandisporus and R. mariae are described from the Brazilian Amazonia based on specimens deposited in herbarium INPA between 27 and 39 years ago, and material recently collected in the State of Par￡. Besides the description of the new species, R. crocatus and R. undatus are reported as new records from the Brazilian Amazonia. Rigidoporus amazonicus, R. lineatus, R. ulmarius and R. vinctus are new records to different states of the Brazilian Amazonia. A key to the Rigidoporus species known for the Neotropics is provided.